An exploratory study on the design schemes underlying two architectural precedents is presented and discussed. The study compares the formalistic compositions of two prominent precedents on multiple levels. These leve...An exploratory study on the design schemes underlying two architectural precedents is presented and discussed. The study compares the formalistic compositions of two prominent precedents on multiple levels. These levels include the morphological, semantic, and pragmatic layers. The morphological aspects of these layers are emphasized. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences between two cases of classical sacred architecture in terms of their morphometric and morphosyntactic structures. These cases are represented by Palladio＇s II Redentore Church and Sinan＇s Suleymaniye Mosque designs. The scope of the analysis focuses on the syntax and mathematics of the floor plans, and the facade and section of each case are referenced occasionally. Within this scope, the proportional system that regulates the compositions and eidonomy of the precedents are scrutinized. Findings resulting from the comparative analysis are reported and then discussed. The study shows that the two ostensibly different precedents share obscurely many commonalities, which are greater than what their initial appearances suggest.展开更多
The traditional way of describing the history of Chinese law, i.e., fitting Chinese historical materials into the basic framework of the Western conceptual system needs to be thoroughly reconsidered. ＂Precedent＂ or ...The traditional way of describing the history of Chinese law, i.e., fitting Chinese historical materials into the basic framework of the Western conceptual system needs to be thoroughly reconsidered. ＂Precedent＂ or ＂NJfftJ＂ （panli）, which has attracted academic attention both in China and abroad, can serve as an example in this regard. The concept ＇~N] fit],＂ which may have originated from Japanese kanji in the nineteenth century, was used to translate its Western counterpart. A review of the historical and modern practice of the Western European countries of England and France shows that precedent has always played an important role in achieving consensus in the legal community and guiding future rulings by means of case law. This function, which has something in common with the relevant portions of ancient Chinese legal institutions, can serve as a foundation for constructing a universal theoretical system. At the same time, the relevant Chinese institutions had specific institutional contexts and functions. By combining universal and specific functional analysis, ＂two-way functionalism＂ may be able to avoid the Western-centric approach and futile conceptual discrimination and turn towards the exploration and elucidation of functional issues, so as to eventually establish a new framework for the narrative of Chinese legal history.展开更多
The Han-shan and Shi-de story,which spread to Japan around the 11th century,has given rise to many literary works in later times.The Japanese picture book Kanzan and Jittoku by Nagamatsu Yōko and Komai Keiko is a goo...The Han-shan and Shi-de story,which spread to Japan around the 11th century,has given rise to many literary works in later times.The Japanese picture book Kanzan and Jittoku by Nagamatsu Yōko and Komai Keiko is a good example.However,the picture book,which serves as a window on the cultural resonance of the Han-shan and Shi-de story,has not received enough attention from researchers,compared with other forms of rewriting such as poetry,drama,or short stories.This article investigates the representation of Han-shan and Shi-de in the picture book,and examines how the authors have incorporated the preceding texts as raw material for their own.It is found that the transformation of Han-shan and Shi-de in the picture book stems from the authors’selective use of the preceding texts and their unique interpretation.LüQiuyin’s preface,Hakuin’s comments on Han-shan,as well as the authors’knowledge and experience are vital in shaping the characters.展开更多
目的探讨基于行动研究法的PRECEDE(predisposing,reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational diagnosis and evaluation)护理模式在重症心力衰竭合并糖尿病(heart failure-diabetes mellitus,HF-DM)患者中的护理效果。方法选...目的探讨基于行动研究法的PRECEDE(predisposing,reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational diagnosis and evaluation)护理模式在重症心力衰竭合并糖尿病(heart failure-diabetes mellitus,HF-DM)患者中的护理效果。方法选取2022年1月-2024年1月扬州大学附属医院收治的86例重症HF-DM患者,按照不同护理方式分为两组,每组43例。对照组采用常规护理模式,研究组采用基于行动研究法的PRECEDE护理模式。对比两组血糖水平、自我管理能力、护理满意度。结果护理后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组,自我管理能力高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于行动研究法的PRECEDE护理模式应用在重症HF-DM患者中,不仅能有效控制患者的血糖水平,提高其自我管理能力,还能显著提升患者的护理满意度。展开更多
目的探究人本理念下PRECEDE模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核疾病中的应用价值及对患者生活质量的影响。方法选取景德镇市第五人民医院2021年9月—2023年12月收治的86例慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对...目的探究人本理念下PRECEDE模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核疾病中的应用价值及对患者生活质量的影响。方法选取景德镇市第五人民医院2021年9月—2023年12月收治的86例慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各43例。对照组采取传统护理方式,研究组在对照组基础上采取基于人本理念的PRECEDE模式,对比2组治疗依从性、睡眠质量、生活质量、护理满意度。结果护理后,研究组治疗依从率为95.35%,高于对照组的79.07%(P<0.05);护理后,研究组睡眠状况自评量表(self-rating scale of sleep,SRSS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,研究组生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74)评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组护理总满意率为97.67%,高于对照组的81.40%(P<0.05)。结论与传统护理方式比较,人本理念下PRECEDE模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核疾病中的应用价值更高,可提高患者治疗依从性,改善睡眠及生活质量,提高患者满意度,值得推广。展开更多
In this model. the method of crass-influential analysis in multiobjective comprehensive appraisment is made to arrange economic sectors of Qingchuan county in precedent order of development. We established the system ...In this model. the method of crass-influential analysis in multiobjective comprehensive appraisment is made to arrange economic sectors of Qingchuan county in precedent order of development. We established the system on appreciatory index. and obtained the related distribution by contributing mains and related matrix. Using different programs. we arranged alphabetically the sectors of Qingchuan county in the precedent orders of development and a comprehensive analysis was given. The result is satisfactory. It provides scientific basis for making up developmental plan of Qingchuan’s economy.展开更多
Change is a word synonymous with China. Since inaugurating its reform campaign 29 years ago, the nation has seen countless examples of change, from the social, economic, political and cultural perspectives. Many of th...Change is a word synonymous with China. Since inaugurating its reform campaign 29 years ago, the nation has seen countless examples of change, from the social, economic, political and cultural perspectives. Many of these changes have been dramatic and have spawned social problems and related disputes. The 21st Century Business Herald, a leading Chinese financial news- paper, recently convened a group of eminent scholars specializing in social sciences to discuss the challenges facing China's further reform and the trend of its social development. Professor Zhou Weimin, Editor in Chief of Study Times, Yang Fengchun, Dean of the E-Government Research Center of Peking University, Professor Mao Shoulong, Faculty Director of the Department of Public Administration of the Renmin University of China, and Professor Zhen Xiaoying at the Central Institute of Socialism, give their opinions in the following excerpts:展开更多
探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4...探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4.58±0.94 vs 5.52±1.10 d)、咳痰改善时间(4.67±1.05 vs 5.87±1.1 3 d)、气促改善时间(3.83±0.86 vs 4.59±0.92 d)和住院时间(10.38±2.03 vs 12.34±2.31 d)少于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(3.3% vs 15.0%),反映睡眠质量的PSQI评分低于对照组(7.84±1.50 vs 10.36±1.87分),反映心理状态的SAS评分(37.80±3.75 vs 45.61±4.09分)和SDS评分(35.42±3.53 vs 43.26±3.65分)低于对照组,呼吸功能锻炼意向评分(9.15±1.60 vs 7.54±1.36分)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PRECEDE模式护理能促进老年AECOPD住院患者康复,减少并发症,改善睡眠质量和心理状态,并且能够提高呼吸功能锻炼意向。展开更多
文摘An exploratory study on the design schemes underlying two architectural precedents is presented and discussed. The study compares the formalistic compositions of two prominent precedents on multiple levels. These levels include the morphological, semantic, and pragmatic layers. The morphological aspects of these layers are emphasized. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences between two cases of classical sacred architecture in terms of their morphometric and morphosyntactic structures. These cases are represented by Palladio＇s II Redentore Church and Sinan＇s Suleymaniye Mosque designs. The scope of the analysis focuses on the syntax and mathematics of the floor plans, and the facade and section of each case are referenced occasionally. Within this scope, the proportional system that regulates the compositions and eidonomy of the precedents are scrutinized. Findings resulting from the comparative analysis are reported and then discussed. The study shows that the two ostensibly different precedents share obscurely many commonalities, which are greater than what their initial appearances suggest.
文摘The traditional way of describing the history of Chinese law, i.e., fitting Chinese historical materials into the basic framework of the Western conceptual system needs to be thoroughly reconsidered. ＂Precedent＂ or ＂NJfftJ＂ （panli）, which has attracted academic attention both in China and abroad, can serve as an example in this regard. The concept ＇~N] fit],＂ which may have originated from Japanese kanji in the nineteenth century, was used to translate its Western counterpart. A review of the historical and modern practice of the Western European countries of England and France shows that precedent has always played an important role in achieving consensus in the legal community and guiding future rulings by means of case law. This function, which has something in common with the relevant portions of ancient Chinese legal institutions, can serve as a foundation for constructing a universal theoretical system. At the same time, the relevant Chinese institutions had specific institutional contexts and functions. By combining universal and specific functional analysis, ＂two-way functionalism＂ may be able to avoid the Western-centric approach and futile conceptual discrimination and turn towards the exploration and elucidation of functional issues, so as to eventually establish a new framework for the narrative of Chinese legal history.
文摘The Han-shan and Shi-de story,which spread to Japan around the 11th century,has given rise to many literary works in later times.The Japanese picture book Kanzan and Jittoku by Nagamatsu Yōko and Komai Keiko is a good example.However,the picture book,which serves as a window on the cultural resonance of the Han-shan and Shi-de story,has not received enough attention from researchers,compared with other forms of rewriting such as poetry,drama,or short stories.This article investigates the representation of Han-shan and Shi-de in the picture book,and examines how the authors have incorporated the preceding texts as raw material for their own.It is found that the transformation of Han-shan and Shi-de in the picture book stems from the authors’selective use of the preceding texts and their unique interpretation.LüQiuyin’s preface,Hakuin’s comments on Han-shan,as well as the authors’knowledge and experience are vital in shaping the characters.
文摘目的探讨基于行动研究法的PRECEDE(predisposing,reinforcing and enabling constructs in educational diagnosis and evaluation)护理模式在重症心力衰竭合并糖尿病(heart failure-diabetes mellitus,HF-DM)患者中的护理效果。方法选取2022年1月-2024年1月扬州大学附属医院收治的86例重症HF-DM患者,按照不同护理方式分为两组,每组43例。对照组采用常规护理模式,研究组采用基于行动研究法的PRECEDE护理模式。对比两组血糖水平、自我管理能力、护理满意度。结果护理后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组,自我管理能力高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于行动研究法的PRECEDE护理模式应用在重症HF-DM患者中,不仅能有效控制患者的血糖水平,提高其自我管理能力,还能显著提升患者的护理满意度。
文摘目的探究人本理念下PRECEDE模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核疾病中的应用价值及对患者生活质量的影响。方法选取景德镇市第五人民医院2021年9月—2023年12月收治的86例慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,各43例。对照组采取传统护理方式,研究组在对照组基础上采取基于人本理念的PRECEDE模式,对比2组治疗依从性、睡眠质量、生活质量、护理满意度。结果护理后,研究组治疗依从率为95.35%,高于对照组的79.07%(P<0.05);护理后,研究组睡眠状况自评量表(self-rating scale of sleep,SRSS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);护理后,研究组生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74)评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组护理总满意率为97.67%,高于对照组的81.40%(P<0.05)。结论与传统护理方式比较,人本理念下PRECEDE模式在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺结核疾病中的应用价值更高,可提高患者治疗依从性,改善睡眠及生活质量,提高患者满意度,值得推广。
文摘In this model. the method of crass-influential analysis in multiobjective comprehensive appraisment is made to arrange economic sectors of Qingchuan county in precedent order of development. We established the system on appreciatory index. and obtained the related distribution by contributing mains and related matrix. Using different programs. we arranged alphabetically the sectors of Qingchuan county in the precedent orders of development and a comprehensive analysis was given. The result is satisfactory. It provides scientific basis for making up developmental plan of Qingchuan’s economy.
文摘Change is a word synonymous with China. Since inaugurating its reform campaign 29 years ago, the nation has seen countless examples of change, from the social, economic, political and cultural perspectives. Many of these changes have been dramatic and have spawned social problems and related disputes. The 21st Century Business Herald, a leading Chinese financial news- paper, recently convened a group of eminent scholars specializing in social sciences to discuss the challenges facing China's further reform and the trend of its social development. Professor Zhou Weimin, Editor in Chief of Study Times, Yang Fengchun, Dean of the E-Government Research Center of Peking University, Professor Mao Shoulong, Faculty Director of the Department of Public Administration of the Renmin University of China, and Professor Zhen Xiaoying at the Central Institute of Socialism, give their opinions in the following excerpts:
文摘探讨PRECEDE模式护理在老年慢阻肺急性加重期(AECOPD)住院患者中的应用效果。方法 选取120例老年AECOPD患者分为对照组和观察组,每组60例。对照组予常规护理,观察组予PRECEDE模式护理。比较应用效果。 结果 护理后,观察组咳嗽改善时间(4.58±0.94 vs 5.52±1.10 d)、咳痰改善时间(4.67±1.05 vs 5.87±1.1 3 d)、气促改善时间(3.83±0.86 vs 4.59±0.92 d)和住院时间(10.38±2.03 vs 12.34±2.31 d)少于对照组,并发症发生率低于对照组(3.3% vs 15.0%),反映睡眠质量的PSQI评分低于对照组(7.84±1.50 vs 10.36±1.87分),反映心理状态的SAS评分(37.80±3.75 vs 45.61±4.09分)和SDS评分(35.42±3.53 vs 43.26±3.65分)低于对照组,呼吸功能锻炼意向评分(9.15±1.60 vs 7.54±1.36分)高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PRECEDE模式护理能促进老年AECOPD住院患者康复,减少并发症,改善睡眠质量和心理状态,并且能够提高呼吸功能锻炼意向。
