The visual noise of each light intensity area is different when the image is drawn by Monte Carlo method.However,the existing denoising algorithms have limited denoising performance under complex lighting conditions a...The visual noise of each light intensity area is different when the image is drawn by Monte Carlo method.However,the existing denoising algorithms have limited denoising performance under complex lighting conditions and are easy to lose detailed information.So we propose a rendered image denoising method with filtering guided by lighting information.First,we design an image segmentation algorithm based on lighting information to segment the image into different illumination areas.Then,we establish the parameter prediction model guided by lighting information for filtering(PGLF)to predict the filtering parameters of different illumination areas.For different illumination areas,we use these filtering parameters to construct area filters,and the filters are guided by the lighting information to perform sub-area filtering.Finally,the filtering results are fused with auxiliary features to output denoised images for improving the overall denoising effect of the image.Under the physically based rendering tool(PBRT)scene and Tungsten dataset,the experimental results show that compared with other guided filtering denoising methods,our method improves the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)metrics by 4.2164 dB on average and the structural similarity index(SSIM)metrics by 7.8%on average.This shows that our method can better reduce the noise in complex lighting scenesand improvethe imagequality.展开更多
Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronar...Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image classification.Image denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image denoising.Attenuation correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of classification.Finally,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is proposed.It merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more efficiently.Three scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract features.All three steps are compared with state-of-the-art methods.The proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of 39.7.The proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and F1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.展开更多
In the field of image processing,the analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)images is crucial due to its broad range of applications.However,SAR images are often affected by coherent speckle noise,which significantl...In the field of image processing,the analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)images is crucial due to its broad range of applications.However,SAR images are often affected by coherent speckle noise,which significantly degrades image quality.Traditional denoising methods,typically based on filter techniques,often face challenges related to inefficiency and limited adaptability.To address these limitations,this study proposes a novel SAR image denoising algorithm based on an enhanced residual network architecture,with the objective of enhancing the utility of SAR imagery in complex electromagnetic environments.The proposed algorithm integrates residual network modules,which directly process the noisy input images to generate denoised outputs.This approach not only reduces computational complexity but also mitigates the difficulties associated with model training.By combining the Transformer module with the residual block,the algorithm enhances the network's ability to extract global features,offering superior feature extraction capabilities compared to CNN-based residual modules.Additionally,the algorithm employs the adaptive activation function Meta-ACON,which dynamically adjusts the activation patterns of neurons,thereby improving the network's feature extraction efficiency.The effectiveness of the proposed denoising method is empirically validated using real SAR images from the RSOD dataset.The proposed algorithm exhibits remarkable performance in terms of EPI,SSIM,and ENL,while achieving a substantial enhancement in PSNR when compared to traditional and deep learning-based algorithms.The PSNR performance is enhanced by over twofold.Moreover,the evaluation of the MSTAR SAR dataset substantiates the algorithm's robustness and applicability in SAR denoising tasks,with a PSNR of 25.2021 being attained.These findings underscore the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in mitigating speckle noise while preserving critical features in SAR imagery,thereby enhancing its quality and usability in practical scenarios.展开更多
To address the issues of peak overlap caused by complex matrices in agricultural product terahertz(THz)spectral signals and the dynamic,nonlinear interference induced by environmental and system noise,this study explo...To address the issues of peak overlap caused by complex matrices in agricultural product terahertz(THz)spectral signals and the dynamic,nonlinear interference induced by environmental and system noise,this study explores the feasibility of adaptive-signal-decomposition-based denoising methods to improve THz spectral quality.THz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)combined with an attenuated total reflection(ATR)accessory was used to collect THz absorbance spectra from 48 peanut samples.Taking the quantitative prediction model of peanut moisture content based on THz-ATR as an example,wavelet transform(WT),empirical mode decomposition(EMD),local mean decomposition(LMD),and its improved methods-segmented local mean decomposition(SLMD)and piecewise mirror extension local mean decomposition(PME-LMD)-were employed for spectral denoising.The applicability of different denoising methods was evaluated using a support vector regression(SVR)model.Experimental results show that the peanut moisture content prediction model constructed after PME-LMD denoising achieved the best performance,with a root mean square error(RMSE),coefficient of determination(R^(2)),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 0.010,0.912,and 0.040,respectively.Compared with traditional methods,PME-LMD significantly improved spectral quality and model prediction performance.The PME-LMD denoising strategy proposed in this study effectively suppresses non-uniform noise interference in THz spectral signals,providing an efficient and accurate preprocessing method for THz spectral analysis of agricultural products.This research provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the application of THz technology for detecting agricultural product quality.展开更多
The growing complexity of cyber threats requires innovative machine learning techniques,and image-based malware classification opens up new possibilities.Meanwhile,existing research has largely overlooked the impact o...The growing complexity of cyber threats requires innovative machine learning techniques,and image-based malware classification opens up new possibilities.Meanwhile,existing research has largely overlooked the impact of noise and obfuscation techniques commonly employed by malware authors to evade detection,and there is a critical gap in using noise simulation as a means of replicating real-world malware obfuscation techniques and adopting denoising framework to counteract these challenges.This study introduces an image denoising technique based on a U-Net combined with a GAN framework to address noise interference and obfuscation challenges in image-based malware analysis.The proposed methodology addresses existing classification limitations by introducing noise addition,which simulates obfuscated malware,and denoising strategies to restore robust image representations.To evaluate the approach,we used multiple CNN-based classifiers to assess noise resistance across architectures and datasets,measuring significant performance variation.Our denoising technique demonstrates remarkable performance improvements across two multi-class public datasets,MALIMG and BIG-15.For example,the MALIMG classification accuracy improved from 23.73%to 88.84%with denoising applied after Gaussian noise injection,demonstrating robustness.This approach contributes to improving malware detection by offering a robust framework for noise-resilient classification in noisy conditions.展开更多
In wireless communication scenarios,especially in low-bandwidth or noisy transmission conditions,image data is often degraded by interference during acquisition or transmission.To address this,we proposed Wasserstein ...In wireless communication scenarios,especially in low-bandwidth or noisy transmission conditions,image data is often degraded by interference during acquisition or transmission.To address this,we proposed Wasserstein frequency generative adversarial networks(WF-GAN),a frequency-aware denoising model based on wavelet transformation.By decomposing images into four frequency sub-bands,the model separates low-frequency contour information from high-frequency texture details.Contour guidance is applied to preserve structural integrity,while adversarial training enhances texture fidelity in the high-frequency bands.A joint loss function,incorporating frequency-domain loss and perceptual loss,is designed to reduce detail degradation during denoising.Experiments on public image datasets,with Gaussian noise applied to simulate wireless communication interference,demonstrate that WF-GAN consistently outperforms both traditional and deep learning-based denoising methods in terms of visual quality and quantitative metrics.These results highlight its potential for robust image processing in wireless communication systems.展开更多
Seismic data denoising is a critical process usually applied at various stages of the seismic processing workflow,as our ability to mitigate noise in seismic data affects the quality of our subsequent analyses.However...Seismic data denoising is a critical process usually applied at various stages of the seismic processing workflow,as our ability to mitigate noise in seismic data affects the quality of our subsequent analyses.However,finding an optimal balance between preserving seismic signals and effectively reducing seismic noise presents a substantial challenge.In this study,we introduce a multi-stage deep learning model,trained in a self-supervised manner,designed specifically to suppress seismic noise while minimizing signal leakage.This model operates as a patch-based approach,extracting overlapping patches from the noisy data and converting them into 1D vectors for input.It consists of two identical sub-networks,each configured differently.Inspired by the transformer architecture,each sub-network features an embedded block that comprises two fully connected layers,which are utilized for feature extraction from the input patches.After reshaping,a multi-head attention module enhances the model’s focus on significant features by assigning higher attention weights to them.The key difference between the two sub-networks lies in the number of neurons within their fully connected layers.The first sub-network serves as a strong denoiser with a small number of neurons,effectively attenuating seismic noise;in contrast,the second sub-network functions as a signal-add-back model,using a larger number of neurons to retrieve some of the signal that was not preserved in the output of the first sub-network.The proposed model produces two outputs,each corresponding to one of the sub-networks,and both sub-networks are optimized simultaneously using the noisy data as the label for both outputs.Evaluations conducted on both synthetic and field data demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in suppressing seismic noise with minimal signal leakage,outperforming some benchmark methods.展开更多
Terahertz imaging technology has great potential applications in areas,such as remote sensing,navigation,security checks,and so on.However,terahertz images usually have the problems of heavy noises and low resolution....Terahertz imaging technology has great potential applications in areas,such as remote sensing,navigation,security checks,and so on.However,terahertz images usually have the problems of heavy noises and low resolution.Previous terahertz image denoising methods are mainly based on traditional image processing methods,which have limited denoising effects on the terahertz noise.Existing deep learning-based image denoising methods are mostly used in natural images and easily cause a large amount of detail loss when denoising terahertz images.Here,a residual-learning-based multiscale hybridconvolution residual network(MHRNet)is proposed for terahertz image denoising,which can remove noises while preserving detail features in terahertz images.Specifically,a multiscale hybrid-convolution residual block(MHRB)is designed to extract rich detail features and local prediction residual noise from terahertz images.Specifically,MHRB is a residual structure composed of a multiscale dilated convolution block,a bottleneck layer,and a multiscale convolution block.MHRNet uses the MHRB and global residual learning to achieve terahertz image denoising.Ablation studies are performed to validate the effectiveness of MHRB.A series of experiments are conducted on the public terahertz image datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that MHRNet has an excellent denoising effect on synthetic and real noisy terahertz images.Compared with existing methods,MHRNet achieves comprehensive competitive results.展开更多
To enable proper diagnosis of a patient,medical images must demonstrate no presence of noise and artifacts.The major hurdle lies in acquiring these images in such a manner that extraneous variables,causing distortions...To enable proper diagnosis of a patient,medical images must demonstrate no presence of noise and artifacts.The major hurdle lies in acquiring these images in such a manner that extraneous variables,causing distortions in the form of noise and artifacts,are kept to a bare minimum.The unexpected change realized during the acquisition process specifically attacks the integrity of the image’s quality,while indirectly attacking the effectiveness of the diagnostic process.It is thus crucial that this is attended to with maximum efficiency at the level of pertinent expertise.The solution to these challenges presents a complex dilemma at the acquisition stage,where image processing techniques must be adopted.The necessity of this mandatory image pre-processing step underpins the implementation of traditional state-of-the-art methods to create functional and robust denoising or recovery devices.This article hereby provides an extensive systematic review of the above techniques,with the purpose of presenting a systematic evaluation of their effect on medical images under three different distributions of noise,i.e.,Gaussian,Poisson,and Rician.A thorough analysis of these methods is conducted using eight evaluation parameters to highlight the unique features of each method.The covered denoising methods are essential in actual clinical scenarios where the preservation of anatomical details is crucial for accurate and safe diagnosis,such as tumor detection in MRI and vascular imaging in CT.展开更多
In modern industrial design trends featuring with integration,miniaturization,and versatility,there is a growing demand on the utilization of microstructural array devices.The measurement of such microstructural array...In modern industrial design trends featuring with integration,miniaturization,and versatility,there is a growing demand on the utilization of microstructural array devices.The measurement of such microstructural array components often encounters challenges due to the reduced scale and complex structures,either by contact or noncontact optical approaches.Among these microstructural arrays,there are still no optical measurement methods for micro corner-cube reflector arrays.To solve this problem,this study introduces a method for effectively eliminating coherent noise and achieving surface profile reconstruction in interference measurements of microstructural arrays.The proposed denoising method allows the calibration and inverse solving of system errors in the frequency domain by employing standard components with known surface types.This enables the effective compensation of the complex amplitude of non-sample coherent light within the interferometer optical path.The proposed surface reconstruction method enables the profile calculation within the situation that there is complex multi-reflection during the propagation of rays in microstructural arrays.Based on the measurement results,two novel metrics are defined to estimate diffraction errors at array junctions and comprehensive errors across multiple array elements,offering insights into other types of microstructure devices.This research not only addresses challenges of the coherent noise and multi-reflection,but also makes a breakthrough for quantitively optical interference measurement of microstructural array devices.展开更多
Imaging sonar devices generate sonar images by receiving echoes from objects,which are often accompanied by severe speckle noise,resulting in image distortion and information loss.Common optical denoising methods do n...Imaging sonar devices generate sonar images by receiving echoes from objects,which are often accompanied by severe speckle noise,resulting in image distortion and information loss.Common optical denoising methods do not work well in removing speckle noise from sonar images and may even reduce their visual quality.To address this issue,a sonar image denoising method based on fuzzy clustering and the undecimated dual-tree complex wavelet transform is proposed.This method provides a perfect translation invariance and an improved directional selectivity during image decomposition,leading to richer representation of noise and edges in high frequency coefficients.Fuzzy clustering can separate noise from useful information according to the amplitude characteristics of speckle noise,preserving the latter and achieving the goal of noise removal.Additionally,the low frequency coefficients are smoothed using bilateral filtering to improve the visual quality of the image.To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm,multiple groups of ablation experiments were conducted,and speckle sonar images with different variances were evaluated and compared with existing speckle removal methods in the transform domain.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve image quality,especially in cases of severe noise,where it still achieves a good denoising performance.展开更多
Denoising is an important preprocessing step in seismic exploration that improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and helps identify oil and minerals.Dictionary learning(DL)is a promising method for noise attenuation.Th...Denoising is an important preprocessing step in seismic exploration that improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and helps identify oil and minerals.Dictionary learning(DL)is a promising method for noise attenuation.The DL extracts sparse features from noisy seismic data using over-complete dictionaries and performs denoising based on a threshold.However,the choice of threshold in DL greatly impacts the denoising results and the improvement in output SNR.Ramanujan’s sum(s)(RS)is a signal processing tool that exhibits derivative behavior and finds applications in edge detection and noise estimation of signals.Hence,we propose a novel DL method with threshold estimation based on RS to improve the output SNR.In this work,we estimate the noise variance of seismic data based on RS and use it as a threshold value for the DL method to perform denoising.We analyze the results of the proposed work on synthetically generated and field data sets.We perform simulations on noisy seismic data across a wide range of SNR values and tabulate the denoised results using the performance metrics SNR and mean squared error.The results indicate that the proposed method provides superior SNR and reduced mean squared error compared to MAD,SURE-based,and adaptive soft-thresholding techniques.展开更多
Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)has broad application prospects in the explo-ration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.However,NMR instruments tend to acquire echo signals with relativel...Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)has broad application prospects in the explo-ration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.However,NMR instruments tend to acquire echo signals with relatively low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),resulting in poor accuracy of T2 spectrum inversion.It is crucial to preprocess the low SNR data with denoising methods before inversion.In this paper,a hybrid NMR data denoising method combining empirical mode decomposition-singular value decomposition(EMD-SVD)was proposed.Firstly,the echo data were decomposed with the EMD method to low-and high-frequency intrinsic mode function(IMF)components as well as a residual.Next,the SVD method was employed for the high-frequency IMF components denoising.Finally,the low-frequency IMF components,the denoised high-frequency IMF components,and the residual are summed to form the denoised signal.To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the EMD-SVDmethod,numerical simulations,experimental data,and NMR log data processingwere conducted.The results indicate that the inverted NMR spectra with the EMD-SVD denoising method exhibit higher quality compared to the EMD method and the SVD method.展开更多
Geochemical survey data are essential across Earth Science disciplines but are often affected by noise,which can obscure important geological signals and compromise subsequent prediction and interpretation.Quantifying...Geochemical survey data are essential across Earth Science disciplines but are often affected by noise,which can obscure important geological signals and compromise subsequent prediction and interpretation.Quantifying prediction uncertainty is hence crucial for robust geoscientific decision-making.This study proposes a novel deep learning framework,the Spatially Constrained Variational Autoencoder(SC-VAE),for denoising geochemical survey data with integrated uncertainty quantification.The SC-VAE incorporates spatial regularization,which enforces spatial coherence by modeling inter-sample relationships directly within the latent space.The performance of the SC-VAE was systematically evaluated against a standard Variational Autoencoder(VAE)using geochemical data from the gold polymetallic district in the northwestern part of Sichuan Province,China.Both models were optimized using Bayesian optimization,with objective functions specifically designed to maintain essential geostatistical characteristics.Evaluation metrics include variogram analysis,quantitative measures of spatial interpolation accuracy,visual assessment of denoised maps,and statistical analysis of data distributions,as well as decomposition of uncertainties.Results show that the SC-VAE achieves superior noise suppression and better preservation of spatial structure compared to the standard VAE,as demonstrated by a significant reduction in the variogram nugget effect and an increased partial sill.The SC-VAE produces denoised maps with clearer anomaly delineation and more regularized data distributions,effectively mitigating outliers and reducing kurtosis.Additionally,it delivers improved interpolation accuracy and spatially explicit uncertainty estimates,facilitating more reliable and interpretable assessments of prediction confidence.The SC-VAE framework thus provides a robust,geostatistically informed solution for enhancing the quality and interpretability of geochemical data,with broad applicability in mineral exploration,environmental geochemistry,and other Earth Science domains.展开更多
To enhance the denoising performance of event-based sensors,we introduce a clustering-based temporal deep neural network denoising method(CBTDNN).Firstly,to cluster the sensor output data and obtain the respective clu...To enhance the denoising performance of event-based sensors,we introduce a clustering-based temporal deep neural network denoising method(CBTDNN).Firstly,to cluster the sensor output data and obtain the respective cluster centers,a combination of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)and Kmeans++is utilized.Subsequently,long short-term memory(LSTM)is employed to fit and yield optimized cluster centers with temporal information.Lastly,based on the new cluster centers and denoising ratio,a radius threshold is set,and noise points beyond this threshold are removed.The comprehensive denoising metrics F1_score of CBTDNN have achieved 0.8931,0.7735,and 0.9215 on the traffic sequences dataset,pedestrian detection dataset,and turntable dataset,respectively.And these metrics demonstrate improvements of 49.90%,33.07%,19.31%,and 22.97%compared to four contrastive algorithms,namely nearest neighbor(NNb),nearest neighbor with polarity(NNp),Autoencoder,and multilayer perceptron denoising filter(MLPF).These results demonstrate that the proposed method enhances the denoising performance of event-based sensors.展开更多
Controlled-source electromagnetic method(CSEM)has been widely applied in engineering and environmental surveys,resource and energy exploration,as well as geological disaster detection.However,due to the increasingly h...Controlled-source electromagnetic method(CSEM)has been widely applied in engineering and environmental surveys,resource and energy exploration,as well as geological disaster detection.However,due to the increasingly human noises,CSEM data are inevitably subjected to electromagnetic noise,which severely affect the detection results.To address this issue,we propose an improved vision transformer(IVIT)deep learning denoising network to suppress cultural noise,and use wide-field electromagnetic(WFEM,a kind of CSEM)data as an example to validate the effectiveness and superiority.First,typical high-quality CSEM data are selected and a series of simulated noises are added to create a sample library.Second,the well-prepared sample library is used to train the IVIT network.Finally,the well-trained model is employed to perform a one-step denoising operation on the noisy CSEM data to obtain high-quality data.Comparative experiments are conducted with denoising convolutional neural network(DnCNN),residual networks(ResNet),residual DnCNN(ResDnCNN),ResDnCNN combined with shift-invariant sparse coding(ResDnCNN-SISC),U-Net networks,and long short-term memory networks(LSTM).The proposed method effectively removes white noise,pulse noise,and square wave noise,and improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)by approximately 20 dB.Compared with the competitive methods,it has obvious advantages.Analysis of CSEM data from Sichuan Province,China,shows that the data processed by the proposed method results in smoother apparent resistivity curves.In summary,the proposed denoising method can be used to suppress the strong noise of CSEM data,which is helpful for subsequent research of inversion.展开更多
Aberration-corrected annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(ADF-STEM)is a powerful tool for structural and chemical analysis of materials.Conventional analyses of ADF-STEM images rely on human la...Aberration-corrected annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(ADF-STEM)is a powerful tool for structural and chemical analysis of materials.Conventional analyses of ADF-STEM images rely on human labeling,making them labor-intensive and prone to subjective error.Here,we introduce a deep-learning-based workflow combining a pix2pix network for image denoising and either a mathematical algorithm local intensity threshold segmentation(LITS)or another deep learning network UNet for chemical identification.After denoising,the processed images exhibit a five-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and a 20%increase in accuracy of atomic localization.Then,we take atomic-resolution images of Y–Ce dual-atom catalysts(DACs)and Fe-doped ReSe_(2) nanosheets as examples to validate the performance.Pix2pix is applied to identify atomic sites in Y–Ce DACs with a location recall of 0.88 and a location precision of 0.99.LITS is used to further differentiate Y and Ce sites by the intensity of atomic sites.Furthermore,pix2pix and UNet workflow with better automaticity is applied to identification of Fe-doped ReSe_(2) nanosheets.Three types of atomic sites(Re,the substitution of Fe for Re,and the adatom of Fe on Re)are distinguished with the identification recall of more than 0.90 and the precision of higher than 0.93.These results suggest that this strategy facilitates high-quality and automated chemical identification of atomic-resolution images.展开更多
Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their record...Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their recorded high temporal resolution information can effectively solve the problem of time information loss in motion blur.Existing event-based deblurring methods still face challenges when facing high-speed moving objects.We conducted an in-depth study of the imaging principle of event cameras.We found that the event stream contains excessive noise.The valid information is sparse.Invalid event features hinder the expression of valid features due to the uncertainty of the global threshold.To address this problem,a denoising-based long and short-term memory module(DTM)is designed in this paper.The DTM suppressed the original event information by noise reduction process.Invalid features in the event stream and solves the problem of sparse valid information in the event stream,and it also combines with the long short-term memory module(LSTM),which further enhances the event feature information in the time scale.In addition,through the in-depth understanding of the unique characteristics of event features,it is found that the high-frequency information recorded by event features does not effectively guide the fusion feature deblurring process in the spatial-domain-based feature processing,and for this reason,we introduce the residual fast fourier transform module(RES-FFT)to further enhance the high-frequency characteristics of the fusion features by performing the feature extraction of the fusion features from the perspective of the frequency domain.Ultimately,our proposed event image fusion network based on event denoising and frequency domain feature enhancement(DNEFNET)achieved Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)/Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)scores of 35.55/0.972 on the GoPro dataset and 38.27/0.975 on the REBlur dataset,achieving the state of the art(SOTA)effect.展开更多
Geomagnetic data hold significant value in fields such as earthquake monitoring and deep earth exploration.However,the increasing severity of anthropogenic noise contamination in existing geomagnetic observatory data ...Geomagnetic data hold significant value in fields such as earthquake monitoring and deep earth exploration.However,the increasing severity of anthropogenic noise contamination in existing geomagnetic observatory data poses substantial challenges to high-precision computational analysis of geomagnetic data.To overcome this problem,we propose a denoising method for geomagnetic data based on the Residual Shrinkage Network(RSN).We construct a sample library of simulated and measured geomagnetic data develop and train the RSN denoising network.Through its unique soft thresholding module,RSN adaptively learns and removes noise from the data,effectively improving data quality.In experiments with noise-added measured data,RSN enhances the quality of the noisy data by approximately 12 dB on average.The proposed method is further validated through denoising analysis on measured data by comparing results of time-domain sequences,multiple square coherence and geomagnetic transfer functions.展开更多
Accurately identifying building distribution from remote sensing images with complex background information is challenging.The emergence of diffusion models has prompted the innovative idea of employing the reverse de...Accurately identifying building distribution from remote sensing images with complex background information is challenging.The emergence of diffusion models has prompted the innovative idea of employing the reverse denoising process to distill building distribution from these complex backgrounds.Building on this concept,we propose a novel framework,building extraction diffusion model(BEDiff),which meticulously refines the extraction of building footprints from remote sensing images in a stepwise fashion.Our approach begins with the design of booster guidance,a mechanism that extracts structural and semantic features from remote sensing images to serve as priors,thereby providing targeted guidance for the diffusion process.Additionally,we introduce a cross-feature fusion module(CFM)that bridges the semantic gap between different types of features,facilitating the integration of the attributes extracted by booster guidance into the diffusion process more effectively.Our proposed BEDiff marks the first application of diffusion models to the task of building extraction.Empirical evidence from extensive experiments on the Beijing building dataset demonstrates the superior performance of BEDiff,affirming its effectiveness and potential for enhancing the accuracy of building extraction in complex urban landscapes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science(No.U19A2063)the Jilin Provincial Development Program of Science and Technology (No.20230201080GX)the Jilin Province Education Department Scientific Research Project (No.JJKH20230851KJ)。
文摘The visual noise of each light intensity area is different when the image is drawn by Monte Carlo method.However,the existing denoising algorithms have limited denoising performance under complex lighting conditions and are easy to lose detailed information.So we propose a rendered image denoising method with filtering guided by lighting information.First,we design an image segmentation algorithm based on lighting information to segment the image into different illumination areas.Then,we establish the parameter prediction model guided by lighting information for filtering(PGLF)to predict the filtering parameters of different illumination areas.For different illumination areas,we use these filtering parameters to construct area filters,and the filters are guided by the lighting information to perform sub-area filtering.Finally,the filtering results are fused with auxiliary features to output denoised images for improving the overall denoising effect of the image.Under the physically based rendering tool(PBRT)scene and Tungsten dataset,the experimental results show that compared with other guided filtering denoising methods,our method improves the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)metrics by 4.2164 dB on average and the structural similarity index(SSIM)metrics by 7.8%on average.This shows that our method can better reduce the noise in complex lighting scenesand improvethe imagequality.
基金the Research Grant of Kwangwoon University in 2024.
文摘Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image classification.Image denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image denoising.Attenuation correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of classification.Finally,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is proposed.It merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more efficiently.Three scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract features.All three steps are compared with state-of-the-art methods.The proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of 39.7.The proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and F1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.
文摘In the field of image processing,the analysis of Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR)images is crucial due to its broad range of applications.However,SAR images are often affected by coherent speckle noise,which significantly degrades image quality.Traditional denoising methods,typically based on filter techniques,often face challenges related to inefficiency and limited adaptability.To address these limitations,this study proposes a novel SAR image denoising algorithm based on an enhanced residual network architecture,with the objective of enhancing the utility of SAR imagery in complex electromagnetic environments.The proposed algorithm integrates residual network modules,which directly process the noisy input images to generate denoised outputs.This approach not only reduces computational complexity but also mitigates the difficulties associated with model training.By combining the Transformer module with the residual block,the algorithm enhances the network's ability to extract global features,offering superior feature extraction capabilities compared to CNN-based residual modules.Additionally,the algorithm employs the adaptive activation function Meta-ACON,which dynamically adjusts the activation patterns of neurons,thereby improving the network's feature extraction efficiency.The effectiveness of the proposed denoising method is empirically validated using real SAR images from the RSOD dataset.The proposed algorithm exhibits remarkable performance in terms of EPI,SSIM,and ENL,while achieving a substantial enhancement in PSNR when compared to traditional and deep learning-based algorithms.The PSNR performance is enhanced by over twofold.Moreover,the evaluation of the MSTAR SAR dataset substantiates the algorithm's robustness and applicability in SAR denoising tasks,with a PSNR of 25.2021 being attained.These findings underscore the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in mitigating speckle noise while preserving critical features in SAR imagery,thereby enhancing its quality and usability in practical scenarios.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD2101001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202144,61807001)。
文摘To address the issues of peak overlap caused by complex matrices in agricultural product terahertz(THz)spectral signals and the dynamic,nonlinear interference induced by environmental and system noise,this study explores the feasibility of adaptive-signal-decomposition-based denoising methods to improve THz spectral quality.THz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)combined with an attenuated total reflection(ATR)accessory was used to collect THz absorbance spectra from 48 peanut samples.Taking the quantitative prediction model of peanut moisture content based on THz-ATR as an example,wavelet transform(WT),empirical mode decomposition(EMD),local mean decomposition(LMD),and its improved methods-segmented local mean decomposition(SLMD)and piecewise mirror extension local mean decomposition(PME-LMD)-were employed for spectral denoising.The applicability of different denoising methods was evaluated using a support vector regression(SVR)model.Experimental results show that the peanut moisture content prediction model constructed after PME-LMD denoising achieved the best performance,with a root mean square error(RMSE),coefficient of determination(R^(2)),and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 0.010,0.912,and 0.040,respectively.Compared with traditional methods,PME-LMD significantly improved spectral quality and model prediction performance.The PME-LMD denoising strategy proposed in this study effectively suppresses non-uniform noise interference in THz spectral signals,providing an efficient and accurate preprocessing method for THz spectral analysis of agricultural products.This research provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the application of THz technology for detecting agricultural product quality.
文摘The growing complexity of cyber threats requires innovative machine learning techniques,and image-based malware classification opens up new possibilities.Meanwhile,existing research has largely overlooked the impact of noise and obfuscation techniques commonly employed by malware authors to evade detection,and there is a critical gap in using noise simulation as a means of replicating real-world malware obfuscation techniques and adopting denoising framework to counteract these challenges.This study introduces an image denoising technique based on a U-Net combined with a GAN framework to address noise interference and obfuscation challenges in image-based malware analysis.The proposed methodology addresses existing classification limitations by introducing noise addition,which simulates obfuscated malware,and denoising strategies to restore robust image representations.To evaluate the approach,we used multiple CNN-based classifiers to assess noise resistance across architectures and datasets,measuring significant performance variation.Our denoising technique demonstrates remarkable performance improvements across two multi-class public datasets,MALIMG and BIG-15.For example,the MALIMG classification accuracy improved from 23.73%to 88.84%with denoising applied after Gaussian noise injection,demonstrating robustness.This approach contributes to improving malware detection by offering a robust framework for noise-resilient classification in noisy conditions.
基金supported in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.4254072).
文摘In wireless communication scenarios,especially in low-bandwidth or noisy transmission conditions,image data is often degraded by interference during acquisition or transmission.To address this,we proposed Wasserstein frequency generative adversarial networks(WF-GAN),a frequency-aware denoising model based on wavelet transformation.By decomposing images into four frequency sub-bands,the model separates low-frequency contour information from high-frequency texture details.Contour guidance is applied to preserve structural integrity,while adversarial training enhances texture fidelity in the high-frequency bands.A joint loss function,incorporating frequency-domain loss and perceptual loss,is designed to reduce detail degradation during denoising.Experiments on public image datasets,with Gaussian noise applied to simulate wireless communication interference,demonstrate that WF-GAN consistently outperforms both traditional and deep learning-based denoising methods in terms of visual quality and quantitative metrics.These results highlight its potential for robust image processing in wireless communication systems.
基金supported by the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)。
文摘Seismic data denoising is a critical process usually applied at various stages of the seismic processing workflow,as our ability to mitigate noise in seismic data affects the quality of our subsequent analyses.However,finding an optimal balance between preserving seismic signals and effectively reducing seismic noise presents a substantial challenge.In this study,we introduce a multi-stage deep learning model,trained in a self-supervised manner,designed specifically to suppress seismic noise while minimizing signal leakage.This model operates as a patch-based approach,extracting overlapping patches from the noisy data and converting them into 1D vectors for input.It consists of two identical sub-networks,each configured differently.Inspired by the transformer architecture,each sub-network features an embedded block that comprises two fully connected layers,which are utilized for feature extraction from the input patches.After reshaping,a multi-head attention module enhances the model’s focus on significant features by assigning higher attention weights to them.The key difference between the two sub-networks lies in the number of neurons within their fully connected layers.The first sub-network serves as a strong denoiser with a small number of neurons,effectively attenuating seismic noise;in contrast,the second sub-network functions as a signal-add-back model,using a larger number of neurons to retrieve some of the signal that was not preserved in the output of the first sub-network.The proposed model produces two outputs,each corresponding to one of the sub-networks,and both sub-networks are optimized simultaneously using the noisy data as the label for both outputs.Evaluations conducted on both synthetic and field data demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in suppressing seismic noise with minimal signal leakage,outperforming some benchmark methods.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:62173098,62104047Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cyber-Physical System,Grant/Award Number:2020B1212060069。
文摘Terahertz imaging technology has great potential applications in areas,such as remote sensing,navigation,security checks,and so on.However,terahertz images usually have the problems of heavy noises and low resolution.Previous terahertz image denoising methods are mainly based on traditional image processing methods,which have limited denoising effects on the terahertz noise.Existing deep learning-based image denoising methods are mostly used in natural images and easily cause a large amount of detail loss when denoising terahertz images.Here,a residual-learning-based multiscale hybridconvolution residual network(MHRNet)is proposed for terahertz image denoising,which can remove noises while preserving detail features in terahertz images.Specifically,a multiscale hybrid-convolution residual block(MHRB)is designed to extract rich detail features and local prediction residual noise from terahertz images.Specifically,MHRB is a residual structure composed of a multiscale dilated convolution block,a bottleneck layer,and a multiscale convolution block.MHRNet uses the MHRB and global residual learning to achieve terahertz image denoising.Ablation studies are performed to validate the effectiveness of MHRB.A series of experiments are conducted on the public terahertz image datasets.The experimental results demonstrate that MHRNet has an excellent denoising effect on synthetic and real noisy terahertz images.Compared with existing methods,MHRNet achieves comprehensive competitive results.
文摘To enable proper diagnosis of a patient,medical images must demonstrate no presence of noise and artifacts.The major hurdle lies in acquiring these images in such a manner that extraneous variables,causing distortions in the form of noise and artifacts,are kept to a bare minimum.The unexpected change realized during the acquisition process specifically attacks the integrity of the image’s quality,while indirectly attacking the effectiveness of the diagnostic process.It is thus crucial that this is attended to with maximum efficiency at the level of pertinent expertise.The solution to these challenges presents a complex dilemma at the acquisition stage,where image processing techniques must be adopted.The necessity of this mandatory image pre-processing step underpins the implementation of traditional state-of-the-art methods to create functional and robust denoising or recovery devices.This article hereby provides an extensive systematic review of the above techniques,with the purpose of presenting a systematic evaluation of their effect on medical images under three different distributions of noise,i.e.,Gaussian,Poisson,and Rician.A thorough analysis of these methods is conducted using eight evaluation parameters to highlight the unique features of each method.The covered denoising methods are essential in actual clinical scenarios where the preservation of anatomical details is crucial for accurate and safe diagnosis,such as tumor detection in MRI and vascular imaging in CT.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52375414,52075100)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Innovation Grant of China(Grant No.23ZR1404200).
文摘In modern industrial design trends featuring with integration,miniaturization,and versatility,there is a growing demand on the utilization of microstructural array devices.The measurement of such microstructural array components often encounters challenges due to the reduced scale and complex structures,either by contact or noncontact optical approaches.Among these microstructural arrays,there are still no optical measurement methods for micro corner-cube reflector arrays.To solve this problem,this study introduces a method for effectively eliminating coherent noise and achieving surface profile reconstruction in interference measurements of microstructural arrays.The proposed denoising method allows the calibration and inverse solving of system errors in the frequency domain by employing standard components with known surface types.This enables the effective compensation of the complex amplitude of non-sample coherent light within the interferometer optical path.The proposed surface reconstruction method enables the profile calculation within the situation that there is complex multi-reflection during the propagation of rays in microstructural arrays.Based on the measurement results,two novel metrics are defined to estimate diffraction errors at array junctions and comprehensive errors across multiple array elements,offering insights into other types of microstructure devices.This research not only addresses challenges of the coherent noise and multi-reflection,but also makes a breakthrough for quantitively optical interference measurement of microstructural array devices.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62065001)the Yunnan Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talent Project(No.202205AC160001)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Programs of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department(No.202101BA070001-054)the Special Basic Cooperative Research Programs of Yunnan Provincial Undergraduate Universities Association(No.2019FH001(-066))。
文摘Imaging sonar devices generate sonar images by receiving echoes from objects,which are often accompanied by severe speckle noise,resulting in image distortion and information loss.Common optical denoising methods do not work well in removing speckle noise from sonar images and may even reduce their visual quality.To address this issue,a sonar image denoising method based on fuzzy clustering and the undecimated dual-tree complex wavelet transform is proposed.This method provides a perfect translation invariance and an improved directional selectivity during image decomposition,leading to richer representation of noise and edges in high frequency coefficients.Fuzzy clustering can separate noise from useful information according to the amplitude characteristics of speckle noise,preserving the latter and achieving the goal of noise removal.Additionally,the low frequency coefficients are smoothed using bilateral filtering to improve the visual quality of the image.To verify the effectiveness of the algorithm,multiple groups of ablation experiments were conducted,and speckle sonar images with different variances were evaluated and compared with existing speckle removal methods in the transform domain.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve image quality,especially in cases of severe noise,where it still achieves a good denoising performance.
文摘Denoising is an important preprocessing step in seismic exploration that improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and helps identify oil and minerals.Dictionary learning(DL)is a promising method for noise attenuation.The DL extracts sparse features from noisy seismic data using over-complete dictionaries and performs denoising based on a threshold.However,the choice of threshold in DL greatly impacts the denoising results and the improvement in output SNR.Ramanujan’s sum(s)(RS)is a signal processing tool that exhibits derivative behavior and finds applications in edge detection and noise estimation of signals.Hence,we propose a novel DL method with threshold estimation based on RS to improve the output SNR.In this work,we estimate the noise variance of seismic data based on RS and use it as a threshold value for the DL method to perform denoising.We analyze the results of the proposed work on synthetically generated and field data sets.We perform simulations on noisy seismic data across a wide range of SNR values and tabulate the denoised results using the performance metrics SNR and mean squared error.The results indicate that the proposed method provides superior SNR and reduced mean squared error compared to MAD,SURE-based,and adaptive soft-thresholding techniques.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.42304118)the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by BAST(grant no.BYESS2023027)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(grant no.2462022QNXZ001).
文摘Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)has broad application prospects in the explo-ration and development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.However,NMR instruments tend to acquire echo signals with relatively low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),resulting in poor accuracy of T2 spectrum inversion.It is crucial to preprocess the low SNR data with denoising methods before inversion.In this paper,a hybrid NMR data denoising method combining empirical mode decomposition-singular value decomposition(EMD-SVD)was proposed.Firstly,the echo data were decomposed with the EMD method to low-and high-frequency intrinsic mode function(IMF)components as well as a residual.Next,the SVD method was employed for the high-frequency IMF components denoising.Finally,the low-frequency IMF components,the denoised high-frequency IMF components,and the residual are summed to form the denoised signal.To validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the EMD-SVDmethod,numerical simulations,experimental data,and NMR log data processingwere conducted.The results indicate that the inverted NMR spectra with the EMD-SVD denoising method exhibit higher quality compared to the EMD method and the SVD method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42530801,42425208)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(China)(No.2023AFA001)+1 种基金the MOST Special Fund from State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(No.MSFGPMR2025-401)the China Scholarship Council(No.202306410181)。
文摘Geochemical survey data are essential across Earth Science disciplines but are often affected by noise,which can obscure important geological signals and compromise subsequent prediction and interpretation.Quantifying prediction uncertainty is hence crucial for robust geoscientific decision-making.This study proposes a novel deep learning framework,the Spatially Constrained Variational Autoencoder(SC-VAE),for denoising geochemical survey data with integrated uncertainty quantification.The SC-VAE incorporates spatial regularization,which enforces spatial coherence by modeling inter-sample relationships directly within the latent space.The performance of the SC-VAE was systematically evaluated against a standard Variational Autoencoder(VAE)using geochemical data from the gold polymetallic district in the northwestern part of Sichuan Province,China.Both models were optimized using Bayesian optimization,with objective functions specifically designed to maintain essential geostatistical characteristics.Evaluation metrics include variogram analysis,quantitative measures of spatial interpolation accuracy,visual assessment of denoised maps,and statistical analysis of data distributions,as well as decomposition of uncertainties.Results show that the SC-VAE achieves superior noise suppression and better preservation of spatial structure compared to the standard VAE,as demonstrated by a significant reduction in the variogram nugget effect and an increased partial sill.The SC-VAE produces denoised maps with clearer anomaly delineation and more regularized data distributions,effectively mitigating outliers and reducing kurtosis.Additionally,it delivers improved interpolation accuracy and spatially explicit uncertainty estimates,facilitating more reliable and interpretable assessments of prediction confidence.The SC-VAE framework thus provides a robust,geostatistically informed solution for enhancing the quality and interpretability of geochemical data,with broad applicability in mineral exploration,environmental geochemistry,and other Earth Science domains.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62134004).
文摘To enhance the denoising performance of event-based sensors,we introduce a clustering-based temporal deep neural network denoising method(CBTDNN).Firstly,to cluster the sensor output data and obtain the respective cluster centers,a combination of density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)and Kmeans++is utilized.Subsequently,long short-term memory(LSTM)is employed to fit and yield optimized cluster centers with temporal information.Lastly,based on the new cluster centers and denoising ratio,a radius threshold is set,and noise points beyond this threshold are removed.The comprehensive denoising metrics F1_score of CBTDNN have achieved 0.8931,0.7735,and 0.9215 on the traffic sequences dataset,pedestrian detection dataset,and turntable dataset,respectively.And these metrics demonstrate improvements of 49.90%,33.07%,19.31%,and 22.97%compared to four contrastive algorithms,namely nearest neighbor(NNb),nearest neighbor with polarity(NNp),Autoencoder,and multilayer perceptron denoising filter(MLPF).These results demonstrate that the proposed method enhances the denoising performance of event-based sensors.
基金supported by the Deep Earth National Science and Technology Major Project(Nos.2024ZD1000208 and 2025ZD1007602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42364006)+2 种基金the Fund from SinoProbe Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(No.SL202401)Training Program for Academic and Technical Leaders in Major Disciplines of Jiangxi Province(No.20232BCJ23051)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20232BAB203070).
文摘Controlled-source electromagnetic method(CSEM)has been widely applied in engineering and environmental surveys,resource and energy exploration,as well as geological disaster detection.However,due to the increasingly human noises,CSEM data are inevitably subjected to electromagnetic noise,which severely affect the detection results.To address this issue,we propose an improved vision transformer(IVIT)deep learning denoising network to suppress cultural noise,and use wide-field electromagnetic(WFEM,a kind of CSEM)data as an example to validate the effectiveness and superiority.First,typical high-quality CSEM data are selected and a series of simulated noises are added to create a sample library.Second,the well-prepared sample library is used to train the IVIT network.Finally,the well-trained model is employed to perform a one-step denoising operation on the noisy CSEM data to obtain high-quality data.Comparative experiments are conducted with denoising convolutional neural network(DnCNN),residual networks(ResNet),residual DnCNN(ResDnCNN),ResDnCNN combined with shift-invariant sparse coding(ResDnCNN-SISC),U-Net networks,and long short-term memory networks(LSTM).The proposed method effectively removes white noise,pulse noise,and square wave noise,and improves the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)by approximately 20 dB.Compared with the competitive methods,it has obvious advantages.Analysis of CSEM data from Sichuan Province,China,shows that the data processed by the proposed method results in smoother apparent resistivity curves.In summary,the proposed denoising method can be used to suppress the strong noise of CSEM data,which is helpful for subsequent research of inversion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1505700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22475214 and 22205232)+2 种基金Talent Plan of Shanghai Branch,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CASSHB-QNPD-2023-020)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J06044)the Self-deployment Project Research Program of Haixi Institutes,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CXZX-2022-JQ06 and CXZX-2022-GH03)。
文摘Aberration-corrected annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(ADF-STEM)is a powerful tool for structural and chemical analysis of materials.Conventional analyses of ADF-STEM images rely on human labeling,making them labor-intensive and prone to subjective error.Here,we introduce a deep-learning-based workflow combining a pix2pix network for image denoising and either a mathematical algorithm local intensity threshold segmentation(LITS)or another deep learning network UNet for chemical identification.After denoising,the processed images exhibit a five-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and a 20%increase in accuracy of atomic localization.Then,we take atomic-resolution images of Y–Ce dual-atom catalysts(DACs)and Fe-doped ReSe_(2) nanosheets as examples to validate the performance.Pix2pix is applied to identify atomic sites in Y–Ce DACs with a location recall of 0.88 and a location precision of 0.99.LITS is used to further differentiate Y and Ce sites by the intensity of atomic sites.Furthermore,pix2pix and UNet workflow with better automaticity is applied to identification of Fe-doped ReSe_(2) nanosheets.Three types of atomic sites(Re,the substitution of Fe for Re,and the adatom of Fe on Re)are distinguished with the identification recall of more than 0.90 and the precision of higher than 0.93.These results suggest that this strategy facilitates high-quality and automated chemical identification of atomic-resolution images.
文摘Traditional cameras inevitably suffer from motion blur when facing high-speed moving objects.Event cameras,as high temporal resolution bionic cameras,record intensity changes in an asynchronous manner,and their recorded high temporal resolution information can effectively solve the problem of time information loss in motion blur.Existing event-based deblurring methods still face challenges when facing high-speed moving objects.We conducted an in-depth study of the imaging principle of event cameras.We found that the event stream contains excessive noise.The valid information is sparse.Invalid event features hinder the expression of valid features due to the uncertainty of the global threshold.To address this problem,a denoising-based long and short-term memory module(DTM)is designed in this paper.The DTM suppressed the original event information by noise reduction process.Invalid features in the event stream and solves the problem of sparse valid information in the event stream,and it also combines with the long short-term memory module(LSTM),which further enhances the event feature information in the time scale.In addition,through the in-depth understanding of the unique characteristics of event features,it is found that the high-frequency information recorded by event features does not effectively guide the fusion feature deblurring process in the spatial-domain-based feature processing,and for this reason,we introduce the residual fast fourier transform module(RES-FFT)to further enhance the high-frequency characteristics of the fusion features by performing the feature extraction of the fusion features from the perspective of the frequency domain.Ultimately,our proposed event image fusion network based on event denoising and frequency domain feature enhancement(DNEFNET)achieved Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)/Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)scores of 35.55/0.972 on the GoPro dataset and 38.27/0.975 on the REBlur dataset,achieving the state of the art(SOTA)effect.
基金Deep Earth Probe and Mineral Resources ExplorationNational Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD1000208)SinoProbe Laboratory Fund of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(SL202401)+3 种基金Project of the Nuclear Technology Application Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education(HJSJYB2021-3)2022 Fuzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(Research on High Voltage Electrostatic Atomization New Air Sterilization and Purification Technology and Equipment)Jiangxi Province Major Science and Technology Special Project(20233AAE02008)Fuzhou Unveiling and Leading Project(Jiangxi Gandian)-Online Diagnosis and Intelligent Cloud Platform for the Health Status of Transformer and Distribution Equipment。
文摘Geomagnetic data hold significant value in fields such as earthquake monitoring and deep earth exploration.However,the increasing severity of anthropogenic noise contamination in existing geomagnetic observatory data poses substantial challenges to high-precision computational analysis of geomagnetic data.To overcome this problem,we propose a denoising method for geomagnetic data based on the Residual Shrinkage Network(RSN).We construct a sample library of simulated and measured geomagnetic data develop and train the RSN denoising network.Through its unique soft thresholding module,RSN adaptively learns and removes noise from the data,effectively improving data quality.In experiments with noise-added measured data,RSN enhances the quality of the noisy data by approximately 12 dB on average.The proposed method is further validated through denoising analysis on measured data by comparing results of time-domain sequences,multiple square coherence and geomagnetic transfer functions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61906168,62202429 and 62272267)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY23F020023)the Construction of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Intelligent Visual Monitoring of Hydropower Projects(No.2022SDSJ01)。
文摘Accurately identifying building distribution from remote sensing images with complex background information is challenging.The emergence of diffusion models has prompted the innovative idea of employing the reverse denoising process to distill building distribution from these complex backgrounds.Building on this concept,we propose a novel framework,building extraction diffusion model(BEDiff),which meticulously refines the extraction of building footprints from remote sensing images in a stepwise fashion.Our approach begins with the design of booster guidance,a mechanism that extracts structural and semantic features from remote sensing images to serve as priors,thereby providing targeted guidance for the diffusion process.Additionally,we introduce a cross-feature fusion module(CFM)that bridges the semantic gap between different types of features,facilitating the integration of the attributes extracted by booster guidance into the diffusion process more effectively.Our proposed BEDiff marks the first application of diffusion models to the task of building extraction.Empirical evidence from extensive experiments on the Beijing building dataset demonstrates the superior performance of BEDiff,affirming its effectiveness and potential for enhancing the accuracy of building extraction in complex urban landscapes.
