Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts the development of normal fetal respiratory function, but whether it perturbs respiratory rhythmical discharge activity is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the 5-hydroxytr...Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts the development of normal fetal respiratory function, but whether it perturbs respiratory rhythmical discharge activity is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor（5-HT2AR） is involved in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. In the present study, pregnant female rats received drinking water containing alcohol at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% or 10%（v/v） throughout the gestation period. Slices of the medulla from 2-day-old neonatal rats were obtained to record respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels in the pre-B？tzinger complex of the respiratory center were measured by western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Compared with the 0% alcohol group, respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in medullary slices in the 4%, 8% and 10% alcohol groups was decreased, and the reduction was greatest in the 8% alcohol group. Respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in the 10% alcohol group was irregular. Thus, 8% was the most effective alcohol concentration at attenuating respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. These findings suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure attenuates respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in neonatal rats by downregulating 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels.展开更多
Objective： In this study, we investigated the interrelationship between clinicopathologic findings and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 2 （PBX2） expression in gingival squamous cell carcinoma （GSCC）. Meth...Objective： In this study, we investigated the interrelationship between clinicopathologic findings and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 2 （PBX2） expression in gingival squamous cell carcinoma （GSCC）. Methods： Expression level of PBX2 was immunohistochemically examined in 66 GSCC subjects （30 men and 36 women） with ages ranging from 42 to 85 （median 64.5） years, in which staining intensity in tumor cells was categorized as either weaker （level 1 ） or equal to/stronger （level 2） than that in the endothelial cells. Results： PBX2 expression is correlated with valosin-containing protein （VCP） expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a high level of PBX2 expression to be a poor prognosticator for disease-free survival （DFS） and overall survival （OS）, and PBX2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS and OS in GSCC. Conclusions： PBX2 expression level in GSCC is proqnostic. PBX2 may be a useful marker to identify the potential for progression in GSCC.展开更多
The process of B cell development in the bone marrow occurs by the stepwise rearrangements of the V,D,and J segments of the Ig H and L chain gene loci.During early B cell genesis,productive IgH chain gene rearrangemen...The process of B cell development in the bone marrow occurs by the stepwise rearrangements of the V,D,and J segments of the Ig H and L chain gene loci.During early B cell genesis,productive IgH chain gene rearrangement leads to assembly of the pre-B cell receptor(pre-BCR),which acts as an important checkpoint at the pro-B/preB transitional stage.The pre-BCR,transiently expressed by developing precursor B cells, comprises the Ig μH chain,surrogate light(SL)chains VpreB and λ5,as well as the signal-transducing hetero- dimer Igα/Igβ.Signaling through the pre-BCR regulates allelic exclusion at the Ig H locus,stimulates cell proliferation,and induces differentiation to small post-mitotic pre-B cells that further undergo the rearrangement of the IgL chain genes.Recent advances in elucidating the key roles of pre-BCR in B cell development have provided a better understanding of normal B lymphopoiesis and its dysregulated state leading to B cell neoplasia.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(2):89-94.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province in China,No.102102310156the Foundation of Xinxiang Technology Bureau in China,No.ZG14004
文摘Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts the development of normal fetal respiratory function, but whether it perturbs respiratory rhythmical discharge activity is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor（5-HT2AR） is involved in the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure. In the present study, pregnant female rats received drinking water containing alcohol at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% or 10%（v/v） throughout the gestation period. Slices of the medulla from 2-day-old neonatal rats were obtained to record respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels in the pre-B？tzinger complex of the respiratory center were measured by western blot analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Compared with the 0% alcohol group, respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in medullary slices in the 4%, 8% and 10% alcohol groups was decreased, and the reduction was greatest in the 8% alcohol group. Respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in the 10% alcohol group was irregular. Thus, 8% was the most effective alcohol concentration at attenuating respiratory rhythmical discharge activity. These findings suggest that prenatal alcohol exposure attenuates respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in neonatal rats by downregulating 5-HT2 AR protein and m RNA levels.
基金Project (No. 30801382) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Objective： In this study, we investigated the interrelationship between clinicopathologic findings and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 2 （PBX2） expression in gingival squamous cell carcinoma （GSCC）. Methods： Expression level of PBX2 was immunohistochemically examined in 66 GSCC subjects （30 men and 36 women） with ages ranging from 42 to 85 （median 64.5） years, in which staining intensity in tumor cells was categorized as either weaker （level 1 ） or equal to/stronger （level 2） than that in the endothelial cells. Results： PBX2 expression is correlated with valosin-containing protein （VCP） expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed a high level of PBX2 expression to be a poor prognosticator for disease-free survival （DFS） and overall survival （OS）, and PBX2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS and OS in GSCC. Conclusions： PBX2 expression level in GSCC is proqnostic. PBX2 may be a useful marker to identify the potential for progression in GSCC.
文摘The process of B cell development in the bone marrow occurs by the stepwise rearrangements of the V,D,and J segments of the Ig H and L chain gene loci.During early B cell genesis,productive IgH chain gene rearrangement leads to assembly of the pre-B cell receptor(pre-BCR),which acts as an important checkpoint at the pro-B/preB transitional stage.The pre-BCR,transiently expressed by developing precursor B cells, comprises the Ig μH chain,surrogate light(SL)chains VpreB and λ5,as well as the signal-transducing hetero- dimer Igα/Igβ.Signaling through the pre-BCR regulates allelic exclusion at the Ig H locus,stimulates cell proliferation,and induces differentiation to small post-mitotic pre-B cells that further undergo the rearrangement of the IgL chain genes.Recent advances in elucidating the key roles of pre-BCR in B cell development have provided a better understanding of normal B lymphopoiesis and its dysregulated state leading to B cell neoplasia.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2004;1(2):89-94.
