Decreasing the risks and geohazards associated with drilling engineering in high-temperature high-pressure(HTHP) geologic settings begins with the implementation of pre-drilling prediction techniques(PPTs). To improve...Decreasing the risks and geohazards associated with drilling engineering in high-temperature high-pressure(HTHP) geologic settings begins with the implementation of pre-drilling prediction techniques(PPTs). To improve the accuracy of geopressure prediction in HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs offshore Hainan Island, we made a comprehensive summary of current PPTs to identify existing problems and challenges by analyzing the global distribution of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs, the research status of PPTs, and the geologic setting and its HTHP formation mechanism. Our research results indicate that the HTHP formation mechanism in the study area is caused by multiple factors, including rapid loading, diapir intrusions, hydrocarbon generation, and the thermal expansion of pore fluids. Due to this multi-factor interaction, a cloud of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs has developed in the Ying-Qiong Basin, but only traditional PPTs have been implemented, based on the assumption of conditions that do not conform to the actual geologic environment, e.g., Bellotti's law and Eaton's law. In this paper, we focus on these issues, identify some challenges and solutions, and call for further PPT research to address the drawbacks of previous works and meet the challenges associated with the deepwater technology gap. In this way, we hope to contribute to the improved accuracy of geopressure prediction prior to drilling and provide support for future HTHP drilling offshore Hainan Island.展开更多
Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and revers...Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). PRES and RCVS are rare but serious conditions that affect cerebral blood flow. This review discusses the pharmacology of PSE and potential risks for PRES and RCVS and concludes that considering the common use of PSE, with over 70 million packs of PSE taken each year in the European Union and the United Kingdom, and the rare occurrence of PRES and RCVS, that the risks of developing PRES/RCVS on exposure to PSE are likely to be very low.展开更多
Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is an important staple food crop in the world and supplies about 20%of human caloric and protein consumption(Giraldo et al.,2019;Xiao et al.,2022).Wheat production accounts for~30%of global ...Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is an important staple food crop in the world and supplies about 20%of human caloric and protein consumption(Giraldo et al.,2019;Xiao et al.,2022).Wheat production accounts for~30%of global cereal crops(Li et al.,2019).With the global population increasing and the frequency of natural disasters rising,enhancing wheat yield is crucial to meet food demand.Spike traits such as increased grain number per spike are key determinants of wheat yield.Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)is a significant natural disaster that severely impacts grain yield and end-use quality of wheat(Tai et al.,2021,2024).展开更多
This article aims to correct some common misconceptions on the nature and origin of fossils in Europe between the fourteenth and the early eighteenth century.Building upon recent scholarship,I argue that the possibili...This article aims to correct some common misconceptions on the nature and origin of fossils in Europe between the fourteenth and the early eighteenth century.Building upon recent scholarship,I argue that the possibility of a world older than a few thousand years was largely acceptable throughout this period,and that explanations for the formation of fossils(notably,marine fossils)that required long timescales were mainstream.Until c.1300,fossils of marine creatures were normally seen as the remains of actual fish and shells brought inland by a succession of partial or global inundations,or by local telluric upheavals.Alongside,aborted spontaneous generations caused by astrological forces or slow geological revolutions gained ground in the following centuries.It was only in the late 1600s that fossils began to be widely regarded as physical evidence of a global inundation in historical times,in support of a young Earth and of the literal truth of the Bible.展开更多
As Malaysia seeks to enhance its educational development,understanding student attitudes toward various scientific disciplines—particularly STEM fields—becomes crucial.This study investigates the perceptions of pre-...As Malaysia seeks to enhance its educational development,understanding student attitudes toward various scientific disciplines—particularly STEM fields—becomes crucial.This study investigates the perceptions of pre-university students in Malaysia regarding the geoscience discipline.Data were collected through a questionnaire designed to explore students’experiences with geoscience-related subjects and their perceptions of this essential field,focusing on their understanding and interest in geoscience.展开更多
We read with great interest the recent article by Valenzuela et al.1titled“Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease”published in the Journ...We read with great interest the recent article by Valenzuela et al.1titled“Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease”published in the Journal of Sport and Health Science The study's exploration of the effects of varying carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in Mc Ardle disease,a condition characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability,is a significant contribution to the field of sports science and metabolic disorders.展开更多
Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter le...Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter lesions.These clinical and radiological changes are reversible in two to three weeks,usually generated by acute hypertension,preeclampsia,eclampsia,immunosuppression,septicemia,and end-stage renal disease.PRES is commonly diagnosed in patients in their thirties.展开更多
Sentiment analysis,a cornerstone of natural language processing,has witnessed remarkable advancements driven by deep learning models which demonstrated impressive accuracy in discerning sentiment from text across vari...Sentiment analysis,a cornerstone of natural language processing,has witnessed remarkable advancements driven by deep learning models which demonstrated impressive accuracy in discerning sentiment from text across various domains.However,the deployment of such models in resource-constrained environments presents a unique set of challenges that require innovative solutions.Resource-constrained environments encompass scenarios where computing resources,memory,and energy availability are restricted.To empower sentiment analysis in resource-constrained environments,we address the crucial need by leveraging lightweight pre-trained models.These models,derived from popular architectures such as DistilBERT,MobileBERT,ALBERT,TinyBERT,ELECTRA,and SqueezeBERT,offer a promising solution to the resource limitations imposed by these environments.By distilling the knowledge from larger models into smaller ones and employing various optimization techniques,these lightweight models aim to strike a balance between performance and resource efficiency.This paper endeavors to explore the performance of multiple lightweight pre-trained models in sentiment analysis tasks specific to such environments and provide insights into their viability for practical deployment.展开更多
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2015CB251201)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers (No. U1606401)+3 种基金the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project financially supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (No. 2016ASKJ13)the Major National Science and Technology Programs (No. 016ZX05024-001-002)the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan (No. ZDYF2016215)Key Science and Technology Foundation of Sanya (Nos. 2017PT13, 2017PT2014)
文摘Decreasing the risks and geohazards associated with drilling engineering in high-temperature high-pressure(HTHP) geologic settings begins with the implementation of pre-drilling prediction techniques(PPTs). To improve the accuracy of geopressure prediction in HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs offshore Hainan Island, we made a comprehensive summary of current PPTs to identify existing problems and challenges by analyzing the global distribution of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs, the research status of PPTs, and the geologic setting and its HTHP formation mechanism. Our research results indicate that the HTHP formation mechanism in the study area is caused by multiple factors, including rapid loading, diapir intrusions, hydrocarbon generation, and the thermal expansion of pore fluids. Due to this multi-factor interaction, a cloud of HTHP hydrocarbon reservoirs has developed in the Ying-Qiong Basin, but only traditional PPTs have been implemented, based on the assumption of conditions that do not conform to the actual geologic environment, e.g., Bellotti's law and Eaton's law. In this paper, we focus on these issues, identify some challenges and solutions, and call for further PPT research to address the drawbacks of previous works and meet the challenges associated with the deepwater technology gap. In this way, we hope to contribute to the improved accuracy of geopressure prediction prior to drilling and provide support for future HTHP drilling offshore Hainan Island.
文摘Pseudoephedrine (PSE) is a widely used nasal decongestant. A review by the European Medicines Agency has reported that PSE may be associated with risks of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). PRES and RCVS are rare but serious conditions that affect cerebral blood flow. This review discusses the pharmacology of PSE and potential risks for PRES and RCVS and concludes that considering the common use of PSE, with over 70 million packs of PSE taken each year in the European Union and the United Kingdom, and the rare occurrence of PRES and RCVS, that the risks of developing PRES/RCVS on exposure to PSE are likely to be very low.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1200403 and 2023YFF1000600)the Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences。
文摘Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is an important staple food crop in the world and supplies about 20%of human caloric and protein consumption(Giraldo et al.,2019;Xiao et al.,2022).Wheat production accounts for~30%of global cereal crops(Li et al.,2019).With the global population increasing and the frequency of natural disasters rising,enhancing wheat yield is crucial to meet food demand.Spike traits such as increased grain number per spike are key determinants of wheat yield.Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS)is a significant natural disaster that severely impacts grain yield and end-use quality of wheat(Tai et al.,2021,2024).
文摘This article aims to correct some common misconceptions on the nature and origin of fossils in Europe between the fourteenth and the early eighteenth century.Building upon recent scholarship,I argue that the possibility of a world older than a few thousand years was largely acceptable throughout this period,and that explanations for the formation of fossils(notably,marine fossils)that required long timescales were mainstream.Until c.1300,fossils of marine creatures were normally seen as the remains of actual fish and shells brought inland by a succession of partial or global inundations,or by local telluric upheavals.Alongside,aborted spontaneous generations caused by astrological forces or slow geological revolutions gained ground in the following centuries.It was only in the late 1600s that fossils began to be widely regarded as physical evidence of a global inundation in historical times,in support of a young Earth and of the literal truth of the Bible.
文摘As Malaysia seeks to enhance its educational development,understanding student attitudes toward various scientific disciplines—particularly STEM fields—becomes crucial.This study investigates the perceptions of pre-university students in Malaysia regarding the geoscience discipline.Data were collected through a questionnaire designed to explore students’experiences with geoscience-related subjects and their perceptions of this essential field,focusing on their understanding and interest in geoscience.
文摘We read with great interest the recent article by Valenzuela et al.1titled“Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease”published in the Journal of Sport and Health Science The study's exploration of the effects of varying carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in Mc Ardle disease,a condition characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability,is a significant contribution to the field of sports science and metabolic disorders.
文摘Dear Editor,Posterior reverse encephalopathy syndrome(PRES),manifests as a confusional state/delirium,convulsion,or acute blindness which illustrates in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)typical bilateral white matter lesions.These clinical and radiological changes are reversible in two to three weeks,usually generated by acute hypertension,preeclampsia,eclampsia,immunosuppression,septicemia,and end-stage renal disease.PRES is commonly diagnosed in patients in their thirties.
文摘Sentiment analysis,a cornerstone of natural language processing,has witnessed remarkable advancements driven by deep learning models which demonstrated impressive accuracy in discerning sentiment from text across various domains.However,the deployment of such models in resource-constrained environments presents a unique set of challenges that require innovative solutions.Resource-constrained environments encompass scenarios where computing resources,memory,and energy availability are restricted.To empower sentiment analysis in resource-constrained environments,we address the crucial need by leveraging lightweight pre-trained models.These models,derived from popular architectures such as DistilBERT,MobileBERT,ALBERT,TinyBERT,ELECTRA,and SqueezeBERT,offer a promising solution to the resource limitations imposed by these environments.By distilling the knowledge from larger models into smaller ones and employing various optimization techniques,these lightweight models aim to strike a balance between performance and resource efficiency.This paper endeavors to explore the performance of multiple lightweight pre-trained models in sentiment analysis tasks specific to such environments and provide insights into their viability for practical deployment.
