The goal of this small scale retrospective study is to examine the perceptions of Chinese EFL(English as a foreign language) teacher trainees of what they do and what they develop in the practicum. Research questions ...The goal of this small scale retrospective study is to examine the perceptions of Chinese EFL(English as a foreign language) teacher trainees of what they do and what they develop in the practicum. Research questions guiding this research are:(1)How much relative attention do Chinese teachers attribute to teaching EFL areas in the practicum in retrospect?(2) What activities do Chinese EFL teachers recollect doing in the practicum? and(3) What are the areas which they are aware of having developed in during the practicum? A questionnaire targeting EFL areas and general activities is employed to collect data; items contain 5-point Likert scales and three open-ended questions. Forty-eight respondents(44 female) are included in the sample. In the teaching of EFL areas, the results indicate that the participants experienced more emphasis on exam-oriented areas. The means for practicum activities show that participants highlighted learning by observation, discussion, and journals, among their various recalled activities. When evaluating development and learning opportunity in the practicum, participants reported improvements in general pedagogical knowledge, but they missed out on other aspects of teacher knowledge. The findings bring about evidence in what is effective and what is not of the practicum. It gives guidance to what could be changed for the practicum.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to explore the level of stress,types of stressors,type of coping styles,and factors influencing stress levels and coping styles among nursing students during the initial period of the clini...Objectives:This study aimed to explore the level of stress,types of stressors,type of coping styles,and factors influencing stress levels and coping styles among nursing students during the initial period of the clinical practicum.Methods:A cross-sectional survey design was used.In September 2017,participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province,China,using a convenience sampling method.A demographic characteristics questionnaire,the Intern Nursing Student Stressor Scale,and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to collect data.Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis,independent sample t-tests,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson’s correlation analysis,and multiple linear regres-sion analysis.Results:A total of 158 nursing students were recruited,most of whom were female,undergraduates,and from rural areas.The nursing students perceived a moderate level of stress during the initial period of the clinical practicum.The need for knowledge and skills was the most common source of stress.Positive coping styles were most commonly adopted.Nursing students who were undergraduates,only children,and chose nursing major involuntarily experienced higher stress levels than those who were junior college students,not only children,and chose nursing major voluntarily.Nursing undergraduates were more likely to use positive coping styles than junior college students.Male nursing students and those experiencing higher stress levels related to the“environment and equipment of the wards”and the“nature and content of the work”were more likely to use negative coping styles.Conclusion:Nursing educators should offer targeted guidance based on the stress reported during the clinical practicum and the demographic characteristics of the nursing students.Guidance should be provided to encourage nursing students to adopt effective coping strategies and reduce stress.展开更多
There is an ongoing professional tension in the LIS community about the structural relationship between LIS education and professional practice in terms of the best way in fostering and strengthening the education pro...There is an ongoing professional tension in the LIS community about the structural relationship between LIS education and professional practice in terms of the best way in fostering and strengthening the education program for librarianship. This is increasingly becoming an urgent issue due to the pressing demands of a rapidly changing information environment. The divergent viewpoints and approaches of these two professional bodies toward one of the most important issues of their common interest are further aggravated by each of their own entrenched professional provincialism as well as by their isolated professional undertakings. These factors are inevitably threatening the vitality and thriving of both bodies. In an attempt to ease this developing trend of professional tension from evolving further into a mutually self-destructive situation, it is suggested in this paper that librarians and library educators should join hands together and transcend their own provincial interest by solving this thorny issue of this professional tension which has multi-dimensional adverse impacts on both professional enterprises. The collaboration of these two parties can serve as a catalyst to bring the two professional groups together more closely and in an organic way to reconstruct a sound LIS educational program with an integral component of professional practicum such as the case of National Science Library, the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS). The author believes that the integration of LIS education with professional practicum being offered at National Science Library of CAS(NSL) may shed light onto a new vista of hope for those who are so dedicated themselves to the changes of the LIS education.展开更多
Nursing students are facing more and more stress in their course of study especially in clinical practicum. The study aimed to predict nursing students’ stress level in clinical practicum with coping behaviors. It wa...Nursing students are facing more and more stress in their course of study especially in clinical practicum. The study aimed to predict nursing students’ stress level in clinical practicum with coping behaviors. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducting in a self-financing institution in Hong Kong. Nursing students who were studying the pre-registration baccalaureate nursing program and completed all the practicum blocks were recruited. Those who had extended the study and failed any of the practicum blocks were excluded. Convenience sampling was used to recruit subjects. Participants were required to fill out the demographic sheet, COPE Inventory and Assessment of Stress among Nursing Students scale during lecture at the commencement of a semester. The whole data collection lasted for 30 minutes. Stepwise multiple regression was used to do the modeling with p-value being set at 0.05. 131 eligible nursing students were recruited with about half of female students. The regression model accounted for 50% of the variance in the perceived stress level. Gender, focus on and venting of emo-tions, restraint, use of emotional social support and denial were positively associated with perceived stress level (R squared = 0.52, p = 0.001). It is to conclude that nurse educators can refer to the findings to screen out students with higher risk of being overwhelmed by clinical learning and ineffective coping. Proactive measures should be taken to prevent poor health outcomes.展开更多
This aim is to clarify thinking process of nursing students’ clinical judgment, i.e., how nursing students act and think and what influences this thinking process of identifying approaches necessary for the children ...This aim is to clarify thinking process of nursing students’ clinical judgment, i.e., how nursing students act and think and what influences this thinking process of identifying approaches necessary for the children under their care in pediatric nursing practicum. By the analysis of M-GTA, students concurrently performed “A: Analytically contemplating the state of this child’s body” and “B: Contextually contemplating this child’s?individuality”. As a result, they acquired “C: Understandingof this child as a familiar existence.” This allows students to enable them to “D: Identify the necessary approach using judgment criteria for this child.” Furthermore, as situations that promote thinking by relating to all processes of thinking, students experienced “E: Attempts to solve problems through various measures” and “F: Encouragement of thinking through reflection.” Meanwhile, “G: Stagnation of thinking because of concerning matters” inhibited the progress of thinking. We found a need for education after grasping the process of student thought.展开更多
Environmental Education (EE) has been introduced into the Malaysian Curriculum since 1992. Related to that, EE was found to be an important subject that must be known by the teachers, prior to teach EE indirectly in t...Environmental Education (EE) has been introduced into the Malaysian Curriculum since 1992. Related to that, EE was found to be an important subject that must be known by the teachers, prior to teach EE indirectly in the classroom. Problems occurred while implementing EE in schools such as;less knowledge about EE an extra burden among teachers to teach. At Teachers Training Institute (TTI), EE is a compulsory subject due to complete their training and this study carried out to identify the attitude of teaching EE among pre-service teachers’. The reliability of the items showed 0.830 cronbach’s alpha. One hundred and twenty five respondents among pre-service teachers’ were analyzed and the result shows pre-service teachers’ have positive attitude towards teaching EE in classroom. Analysis of data shown that there are significant differences between male and female pre-service teachers’ in attitude of teaching, with t = 0.036 (p 0.05).展开更多
The purpose of this study was to clarify and consider the instruction that is needed in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, as felt by the people in charge of student clinical practicums in...The purpose of this study was to clarify and consider the instruction that is needed in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, as felt by the people in charge of student clinical practicums in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 people in charge of organizing practicums at hospitals where they are carried out. These subjects were asked about problems they had experienced in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information and the instruction that is needed so that problems related to nursing students’ handling of information do not occur. Various problems were shown to occur in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, such as handling the information outside of the practicum setting. Many students receive no instruction with regard to the ethics of handling patient information in their classroom work, and their awareness regarding information is cannot be considered high, indicating the need for more consistent and reliable education in this area. The findings also suggest that instruction is needed with regard to the handling of sensitive information in accordance with the circumstances of individual patients.展开更多
This study aims to clarify what kinds of resilience and coping strategies students employ to successfully complete their clinical practicum and provide suggestions for instruction that will allow students to carry out...This study aims to clarify what kinds of resilience and coping strategies students employ to successfully complete their clinical practicum and provide suggestions for instruction that will allow students to carry out effective learning activities. The study subjects were 86 students enrolled at Nursing University A for the 2019 school year and planning to take the integrated nursing practicum. The survey was conducted using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the amount of change in resilience factors from the surveys before and after the practicum. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was carried out with stress coping behaviors that were significantly associated with resilience factors in univariate analysis as independent variables and the amount of change in resilience factors before and after the practicum as dependent variables. A total of 56 responses were received (response rate 65.8%) from the 85 survey subjects. Innate resilience factors increased significantly from 41 pre-practicums to 44 post-practicums. Acquired resilience factors also increased significantly from 32 pre-practicums to 35 post-practicums (p < 0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis found that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” (β = 0.361, p < 0.01) and pre-practicum innate resilience factors (β = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.456, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with innate resilience factors. Examining the relationship between the amount of change in student resilience and stress coping behaviors revealed that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” was associated with innate resilience. This finding suggests that resilience may be increased by changing one’s perspective on an event by taking on a new way of thinking. The results suggested that helping students transform realizations made during reflection into learning and create a sense of meaning may lead to fostering innate resilience during integrated nursing practicums.展开更多
The research purpose was to study the effects of working experience practicum to strengthen students’self-determination behaviours.Research population were 23 students in 3rd year in Business and Computer in Vocation...The research purpose was to study the effects of working experience practicum to strengthen students’self-determination behaviours.Research population were 23 students in 3rd year in Business and Computer in Vocational Education Department,Faculty of Education,Kasetsart University who registered to study in Practicum Subject in 2016 academic year.Three research instruments were conducted,including,(1)Practicum Manual,(2)Interview Form,and(3)Focus Group Discussion Sheet.Research instruments were verified by four experts who were in four academic areas,including(1)humanity,(2)psychology,(3)business,and(4)human resource by using content validity method.Interview session was divided by 10 groups of companies in which students did their work for 10 weeks.Focus group was administered to discuss with 23 students and share about working problems and solutions.Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method,including data analysing,ordering and grouping,and data linking of working practicum.The research results were shown that students learned to understand benefits and limitations of self-determination behaviors and awareness in the essentials of self-determination in four aspects,including(1)attention and responsibility in working achievements,(2)working diligent and tolerance,(3)self-determination with learning motivation,and(4)self-development.The guidelines to encourage students’self-determination behaviors suggested that students should apply Buddha’s teaching(four-step secret of successful working achievements)to achieve their work and adjust students’real life behaviors.Furthermore,researcher presented the best practice guidelines to promote students’self-determination behaviors,including(1)students should think positively to spend time on hardworking and tolerance,(2)students should develop their work through PDCA(Plan,Do,Check,Action)techniques to adjust their work to do better,(3)students should be promoted with skills of 21st century that are necessary to raise students’self-development through teaching and learning in and out of classroom.展开更多
Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and universit...Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and university, guidance of cooperating teachers and supervisors, team work is also important to a successful teaching practicum from three aspects: plan of practice team,collaboration in practice team and communication in practice team.展开更多
Tensions between vision and reality in the teaching practicum is a significant issue in research and practice globally,but scanty attention has been awarded to research into areas of tension in teaching practice itsel...Tensions between vision and reality in the teaching practicum is a significant issue in research and practice globally,but scanty attention has been awarded to research into areas of tension in teaching practice itself.This paper reports on a study that examines a cohort of Chinese English as a Foreign Language(EFL)student teachers’perceptions of the tensions arising in their teaching practicum in secondary schools.Triangulated research methods were employed for data collection.Reflective papers were employed as the main instrument of data collection,with classroom observation and field-notes used as supplementary sources of evidence for the occurrence of various unexpected difficulties.The overriding cause of this situation appeared to be the foundationalism paradigm that the teacher education program followed.The study highlights the need for teacher education programs to deal with emergent issues by way of critical postmodernist ideologies and make concerted efforts with schools to help student teachers continually adjust their visions in their practice.展开更多
文摘The goal of this small scale retrospective study is to examine the perceptions of Chinese EFL(English as a foreign language) teacher trainees of what they do and what they develop in the practicum. Research questions guiding this research are:(1)How much relative attention do Chinese teachers attribute to teaching EFL areas in the practicum in retrospect?(2) What activities do Chinese EFL teachers recollect doing in the practicum? and(3) What are the areas which they are aware of having developed in during the practicum? A questionnaire targeting EFL areas and general activities is employed to collect data; items contain 5-point Likert scales and three open-ended questions. Forty-eight respondents(44 female) are included in the sample. In the teaching of EFL areas, the results indicate that the participants experienced more emphasis on exam-oriented areas. The means for practicum activities show that participants highlighted learning by observation, discussion, and journals, among their various recalled activities. When evaluating development and learning opportunity in the practicum, participants reported improvements in general pedagogical knowledge, but they missed out on other aspects of teacher knowledge. The findings bring about evidence in what is effective and what is not of the practicum. It gives guidance to what could be changed for the practicum.
基金supported by Wenzhou Medical University School-level Educational Reform Project(No.YBJG2019006).
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to explore the level of stress,types of stressors,type of coping styles,and factors influencing stress levels and coping styles among nursing students during the initial period of the clinical practicum.Methods:A cross-sectional survey design was used.In September 2017,participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province,China,using a convenience sampling method.A demographic characteristics questionnaire,the Intern Nursing Student Stressor Scale,and the Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to collect data.Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis,independent sample t-tests,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson’s correlation analysis,and multiple linear regres-sion analysis.Results:A total of 158 nursing students were recruited,most of whom were female,undergraduates,and from rural areas.The nursing students perceived a moderate level of stress during the initial period of the clinical practicum.The need for knowledge and skills was the most common source of stress.Positive coping styles were most commonly adopted.Nursing students who were undergraduates,only children,and chose nursing major involuntarily experienced higher stress levels than those who were junior college students,not only children,and chose nursing major voluntarily.Nursing undergraduates were more likely to use positive coping styles than junior college students.Male nursing students and those experiencing higher stress levels related to the“environment and equipment of the wards”and the“nature and content of the work”were more likely to use negative coping styles.Conclusion:Nursing educators should offer targeted guidance based on the stress reported during the clinical practicum and the demographic characteristics of the nursing students.Guidance should be provided to encourage nursing students to adopt effective coping strategies and reduce stress.
文摘There is an ongoing professional tension in the LIS community about the structural relationship between LIS education and professional practice in terms of the best way in fostering and strengthening the education program for librarianship. This is increasingly becoming an urgent issue due to the pressing demands of a rapidly changing information environment. The divergent viewpoints and approaches of these two professional bodies toward one of the most important issues of their common interest are further aggravated by each of their own entrenched professional provincialism as well as by their isolated professional undertakings. These factors are inevitably threatening the vitality and thriving of both bodies. In an attempt to ease this developing trend of professional tension from evolving further into a mutually self-destructive situation, it is suggested in this paper that librarians and library educators should join hands together and transcend their own provincial interest by solving this thorny issue of this professional tension which has multi-dimensional adverse impacts on both professional enterprises. The collaboration of these two parties can serve as a catalyst to bring the two professional groups together more closely and in an organic way to reconstruct a sound LIS educational program with an integral component of professional practicum such as the case of National Science Library, the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS). The author believes that the integration of LIS education with professional practicum being offered at National Science Library of CAS(NSL) may shed light onto a new vista of hope for those who are so dedicated themselves to the changes of the LIS education.
文摘Nursing students are facing more and more stress in their course of study especially in clinical practicum. The study aimed to predict nursing students’ stress level in clinical practicum with coping behaviors. It was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducting in a self-financing institution in Hong Kong. Nursing students who were studying the pre-registration baccalaureate nursing program and completed all the practicum blocks were recruited. Those who had extended the study and failed any of the practicum blocks were excluded. Convenience sampling was used to recruit subjects. Participants were required to fill out the demographic sheet, COPE Inventory and Assessment of Stress among Nursing Students scale during lecture at the commencement of a semester. The whole data collection lasted for 30 minutes. Stepwise multiple regression was used to do the modeling with p-value being set at 0.05. 131 eligible nursing students were recruited with about half of female students. The regression model accounted for 50% of the variance in the perceived stress level. Gender, focus on and venting of emo-tions, restraint, use of emotional social support and denial were positively associated with perceived stress level (R squared = 0.52, p = 0.001). It is to conclude that nurse educators can refer to the findings to screen out students with higher risk of being overwhelmed by clinical learning and ineffective coping. Proactive measures should be taken to prevent poor health outcomes.
文摘This aim is to clarify thinking process of nursing students’ clinical judgment, i.e., how nursing students act and think and what influences this thinking process of identifying approaches necessary for the children under their care in pediatric nursing practicum. By the analysis of M-GTA, students concurrently performed “A: Analytically contemplating the state of this child’s body” and “B: Contextually contemplating this child’s?individuality”. As a result, they acquired “C: Understandingof this child as a familiar existence.” This allows students to enable them to “D: Identify the necessary approach using judgment criteria for this child.” Furthermore, as situations that promote thinking by relating to all processes of thinking, students experienced “E: Attempts to solve problems through various measures” and “F: Encouragement of thinking through reflection.” Meanwhile, “G: Stagnation of thinking because of concerning matters” inhibited the progress of thinking. We found a need for education after grasping the process of student thought.
文摘Environmental Education (EE) has been introduced into the Malaysian Curriculum since 1992. Related to that, EE was found to be an important subject that must be known by the teachers, prior to teach EE indirectly in the classroom. Problems occurred while implementing EE in schools such as;less knowledge about EE an extra burden among teachers to teach. At Teachers Training Institute (TTI), EE is a compulsory subject due to complete their training and this study carried out to identify the attitude of teaching EE among pre-service teachers’. The reliability of the items showed 0.830 cronbach’s alpha. One hundred and twenty five respondents among pre-service teachers’ were analyzed and the result shows pre-service teachers’ have positive attitude towards teaching EE in classroom. Analysis of data shown that there are significant differences between male and female pre-service teachers’ in attitude of teaching, with t = 0.036 (p 0.05).
文摘The purpose of this study was to clarify and consider the instruction that is needed in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, as felt by the people in charge of student clinical practicums in hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 people in charge of organizing practicums at hospitals where they are carried out. These subjects were asked about problems they had experienced in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information and the instruction that is needed so that problems related to nursing students’ handling of information do not occur. Various problems were shown to occur in relation to nursing students’ handling of patient information, such as handling the information outside of the practicum setting. Many students receive no instruction with regard to the ethics of handling patient information in their classroom work, and their awareness regarding information is cannot be considered high, indicating the need for more consistent and reliable education in this area. The findings also suggest that instruction is needed with regard to the handling of sensitive information in accordance with the circumstances of individual patients.
文摘This study aims to clarify what kinds of resilience and coping strategies students employ to successfully complete their clinical practicum and provide suggestions for instruction that will allow students to carry out effective learning activities. The study subjects were 86 students enrolled at Nursing University A for the 2019 school year and planning to take the integrated nursing practicum. The survey was conducted using an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine the amount of change in resilience factors from the surveys before and after the practicum. Subsequently, multiple regression analysis was carried out with stress coping behaviors that were significantly associated with resilience factors in univariate analysis as independent variables and the amount of change in resilience factors before and after the practicum as dependent variables. A total of 56 responses were received (response rate 65.8%) from the 85 survey subjects. Innate resilience factors increased significantly from 41 pre-practicums to 44 post-practicums. Acquired resilience factors also increased significantly from 32 pre-practicums to 35 post-practicums (p < 0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis found that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” (β = 0.361, p < 0.01) and pre-practicum innate resilience factors (β = <span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>0.456, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with innate resilience factors. Examining the relationship between the amount of change in student resilience and stress coping behaviors revealed that the stress coping behavior of “changing point of view” was associated with innate resilience. This finding suggests that resilience may be increased by changing one’s perspective on an event by taking on a new way of thinking. The results suggested that helping students transform realizations made during reflection into learning and create a sense of meaning may lead to fostering innate resilience during integrated nursing practicums.
文摘The research purpose was to study the effects of working experience practicum to strengthen students’self-determination behaviours.Research population were 23 students in 3rd year in Business and Computer in Vocational Education Department,Faculty of Education,Kasetsart University who registered to study in Practicum Subject in 2016 academic year.Three research instruments were conducted,including,(1)Practicum Manual,(2)Interview Form,and(3)Focus Group Discussion Sheet.Research instruments were verified by four experts who were in four academic areas,including(1)humanity,(2)psychology,(3)business,and(4)human resource by using content validity method.Interview session was divided by 10 groups of companies in which students did their work for 10 weeks.Focus group was administered to discuss with 23 students and share about working problems and solutions.Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method,including data analysing,ordering and grouping,and data linking of working practicum.The research results were shown that students learned to understand benefits and limitations of self-determination behaviors and awareness in the essentials of self-determination in four aspects,including(1)attention and responsibility in working achievements,(2)working diligent and tolerance,(3)self-determination with learning motivation,and(4)self-development.The guidelines to encourage students’self-determination behaviors suggested that students should apply Buddha’s teaching(four-step secret of successful working achievements)to achieve their work and adjust students’real life behaviors.Furthermore,researcher presented the best practice guidelines to promote students’self-determination behaviors,including(1)students should think positively to spend time on hardworking and tolerance,(2)students should develop their work through PDCA(Plan,Do,Check,Action)techniques to adjust their work to do better,(3)students should be promoted with skills of 21st century that are necessary to raise students’self-development through teaching and learning in and out of classroom.
文摘Teaching practice has come to be recognized as one of the most important aspects of teacher education program for learner teachers. Besides student teachers' self-endeavor, partnership between school and university, guidance of cooperating teachers and supervisors, team work is also important to a successful teaching practicum from three aspects: plan of practice team,collaboration in practice team and communication in practice team.
文摘Tensions between vision and reality in the teaching practicum is a significant issue in research and practice globally,but scanty attention has been awarded to research into areas of tension in teaching practice itself.This paper reports on a study that examines a cohort of Chinese English as a Foreign Language(EFL)student teachers’perceptions of the tensions arising in their teaching practicum in secondary schools.Triangulated research methods were employed for data collection.Reflective papers were employed as the main instrument of data collection,with classroom observation and field-notes used as supplementary sources of evidence for the occurrence of various unexpected difficulties.The overriding cause of this situation appeared to be the foundationalism paradigm that the teacher education program followed.The study highlights the need for teacher education programs to deal with emergent issues by way of critical postmodernist ideologies and make concerted efforts with schools to help student teachers continually adjust their visions in their practice.
