Objective:To explore the application of the Registered Nurses'Association of Ontario(RNAO)Best Practice Guideline(BPG)for Developing and Sustaining Nursing Leadership through the lens of nursing students transitio...Objective:To explore the application of the Registered Nurses'Association of Ontario(RNAO)Best Practice Guideline(BPG)for Developing and Sustaining Nursing Leadership through the lens of nursing students transitioning from classroom learning to clinical practice.Through this reflection,the authors hope to inspire and empower future nursing leaders to champion innovation,resilience,and excellence in healthcare.Methods:By integrating evidence-based leadership principles,the authors reflect on their personal experiences,challenges,and successes in implementing these guidelines in real-world settings.Results:The paper highlights the significance of leadership in fostering healthy work environments and improving patient outcomes,emphasizing the role of nursing students as emerging leaders.Practical strategies for applying BPG,the RNAO BPG suggests leadership skills on professional development,and recommendations for embedding leadership principles into nursing education and practice are discussed.Conclusions:Implementing nursing leadership from the beginning of a nursing student's journey is vital for shaping the next generation of healthcare leaders.By integrating leadership principles early in nursing education,students can develop the skills needed to navigate clinical challenges,collaborate effectively with healthcare teams,and advocate for positive change.Starting with leadership guidelines in nursing school ensures that future nurses are equipped to foster supportive work environments,improve patient outcomes,and drive innovation from the very start of their careers,making leadership an inherent part of their professional identity.展开更多
Objective:To describe the implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)and identify the associated factors among clinical nurses working at an oncology hospital in Central Vietnam.Methods:A cross-sectional study was ...Objective:To describe the implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)and identify the associated factors among clinical nurses working at an oncology hospital in Central Vietnam.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 190 clinical nurses recruited from an oncology hospital in Central Vietnam.The self-administered Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire(EBPQ)was employed to assess the nurses'knowledge/skills,attitudes,and implementation of EBP.Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics,the Mann-Whitney test,the Kruskal-Wallis test,and Spearman's rho correlation.Results:The mean total score for EBP implementation among the nurses was 29.52(SD=7.14)out of 42 scores.The most frequently undertaken activity was sharing evidence with colleagues,whereas finding relevant evidence was the least performed.The level of EBP implementation significantly varied based on the nurses'role types and their participation in related courses(P<0.05).Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between EBP implementation and both knowledge/skills(r=0.703,P<0.001)and attitudes toward EBP(r=0.536,P<0.001).Conclusions:The implementation of EBP by oncology nurses is generally moderate and is significantly positively correlated with their knowledge/skills and attitudes toward EBP.These findings underscore the importance of enhancing educational programs and facilitating suppor tive institutional policies to fur ther encourage the adoption of EBP among nurses.展开更多
To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was struct...To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.展开更多
This study investigates how to pedagogically integrate ideological education with competency development in the Intercultural Communication course,a challenge arising from China’s dual reform contexts of the New Libe...This study investigates how to pedagogically integrate ideological education with competency development in the Intercultural Communication course,a challenge arising from China’s dual reform contexts of the New Liberal Arts initiative and the national curriculum ideology policy.As global interactions intensify,cultivating foreign language professionals who possess both firm cultural confidence and sophisticated intercultural competence have become a critical educational imperative.This exploratory study investigates how a three-dimensional“Value-Knowledge-Competency”framework can guide the redesign of course content,task design,and assessment to achieve organic fusion.Drawing on qualitative data from a case study,it analyzes specific implementation pathways,synthesizes teacher and student feedback,and discusses the resultant challenges and broader implications for foreign language curriculum reform.The findings suggest that such an integrated approach can effectively synergize value guidance with skill cultivation,though its success hinges on overcoming issues related to pedagogical naturalness,resource allocation,and standardized evaluation.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing As...Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning(INACSL)in the Adult Nursing course.Methods This study used a quasi-experimental design.A total of 94 third-year nursing students from a university in Beijing between November and December 2022 were recruited as participants.An innovative semi-virtual simulation teaching model was designed based on the SOBP established by the INACSL.In the Adult Nursing course,both the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models were implemented.At the end of the simulation sessions,participants completed the Chinese version of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified(SET-M)to assess the effectiveness of the two teaching models.Results All nursing students completed the simulation sessions.There was no difference(t=−0.93,P=0.353)in the total scores between the semi-virtual simulation teaching model(50.87±5.30)and the traditional simulation teaching model(50.37±5.16).However,there was a statistically significant difference(t=−2.65,P=0.010)in the prebriefing section(semi-virtual simulation:5.60±0.71;traditional simulation:5.33±0.78).In contrast,no statistically significant differences were found for the scenario and debriefing sections(P>0.05).At the individual item level,statistical differences(P<0.05)between the two models were identified for items 1 and 9,but not for the remaining items(P>0.05).By analyzing the open-ended question,it was found that both simulation models were effective,and students’comments were similar.Conclusions The study demonstrated equivalent effectiveness between the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models.Semi-virtual simulation teaching model could offer a more flexible and feasible approach to simulation teaching.展开更多
Globally,mealtimes provide key insights into cultural and social values and practices.We examine mealtime environments and eating practices in two different African settings using quantitative observational and questi...Globally,mealtimes provide key insights into cultural and social values and practices.We examine mealtime environments and eating practices in two different African settings using quantitative observational and questionnaire data.Participating families(N=80)were recruited from two rural locations in Zambia and Kenya.Results following descriptive analysis showed that meals are typically taken as a family in a sociable context,providing opportunities to nurture children’s positive behaviours.In both communities,mothers(71.25%)were most likely to be present and typically prepared meals and provided the food.We observed a few distractions being used during mealtimes,and children finished their food with little to no conflict.Plate sharing varied across the two sites and was more common in Zambia,where we also observed more traditional practices such as eating with hands(as opposed to cutlery)and sitting on mats on the ground(as opposed to seated on chairs or sofas).Overall,our findings suggest more similarities in the cultural and social values across the two African contexts despite slight differences in mealtime practices.In particular,positive mealtime behaviours(little food refusal,lack of conflict)were common across all contexts,regardless of the extent to which traditional practices(such as plate-sharing and sitting on the floor)were used.Findings align with Family Systems theory,which states that the family is understood best by conceptualizing it as a complex,dynamic,and changing collection of parts,subsystems,and family members.展开更多
The spatial optimization of best management practices(BMPs) plays a critical role in precise watershed pollution control. However, the effectiveness of BMPs exhibits a complex nonlinear dependence on both configuratio...The spatial optimization of best management practices(BMPs) plays a critical role in precise watershed pollution control. However, the effectiveness of BMPs exhibits a complex nonlinear dependence on both configuration unit scale and rainfall intensity, often leading to widespread spatiotemporal mismatches during implementation. To fill this gap, this study proposes a new framework:(a) delineating configuration units based on the implementation scale differences between structural and nonstructural BMPs;(b) incorporating BMP reduction thresholds to enable dynamic adjustment of design scales according to inflow loads;and(c) developing a staged allocation strategy tailored to varying rainfall scenarios. The framework is exemplified by an agricultural catchment in the southeastern Liaohe watershed, China. The results showed that the framework could improve the assessment accuracy and cost-effectiveness of pollution control. Specifically, neglecting BMP reduction thresholds resulted in a 51.35% underestimation of treatment costs. Incorporating these thresholds and dynamically adjusting BMP design scales reduced treatment costs by 62.70%. Furthermore, the framework facilitated more precise localization of structural BMPs(1 km^(2)) and improved optimization efficiency by 95.91%. The proposed staged allocation strategy ensured water quality compliance under varying rainfall intensities. Structural BMPs primarily addressed pollution from light to moderate rainfall in the initial stage, while nonstructural BMPs targeted heavy rainfall pollution in the subsequent stage. The proposed framework may enhance the spatiotemporal adaptability of BMP configuration to respond to the threats posed by climate change and human activities. It can also be extended to other agriculture-dominated watersheds.展开更多
Background:Clinical practice guidelines refer to the guidance provided by the expert system to help medical staff and patients decide on appropriate treatments for a specific clinical situation,mainly including guidel...Background:Clinical practice guidelines refer to the guidance provided by the expert system to help medical staff and patients decide on appropriate treatments for a specific clinical situation,mainly including guidelines based on expert consensus and evidence-based guidelines.Since there is no research and clinical application of a specific stoma guidance in China.It is of great significance to understand the application status of the recommended guidelines and the influencing factors in promoting the development of stoma care.Purpose:To investigate the application status of recommended clinical practice guidelines for stoma nursing in China,and to analyse the reasons for the knowledge and application of recommendations.Methods:The Questionnaire on the Application of Recommendations in Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ostomy Nursing was adopted.Results:We collected 195 questionnaires and 183 valid questionnaires were available.(1)The average knowledge rate of a total of 31 recommendations was 73.65%.The main reasons for unknown were insufficient dissemination and lack of training.(2)The average application rate of the 31 recommendations was 58.08%.The overall satisfaction rate of people who used them was high.The main reasons for not applying recommendations were complex.Conclusions:Different levels of recommendations awareness and application are different.There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for clinical practice in ostomy nursing in the field of stoma care in China,which limits the scientific development of stoma care to a certain extent.However,this study provides reference for the future construction of a guidebook adapted to our country’s localization.展开更多
Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by infection of the bacteria belongs to Genus leptospira. It occurs in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. It is also known as occupational-related disease...Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by infection of the bacteria belongs to Genus leptospira. It occurs in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. It is also known as occupational-related disease as certain occupations are associated with the occurrence of leptospirosis. Army is identified as one of the high-risk occupations in contracting leptospirosis. This study was done to determine knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among army personnel on leptospirosis. A cross sectional study was conducted among 616 army personnel in four based camps in Northeastern Malaysia, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A validated KAP questionnaire was used, consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice questions. More than half (52.8%) of the respondents had poor knowledge score. For the attitude score, almost the same proportions had satisfactory attitude. The same finding was seen in practice score, whereby those with good practice (54.9%) and bad practice (45.9%). In conclusion, the finding showed that almost all army personnel had unsatisfactory KAP, thus, it is recommended for the army to have a good health education program on leptospirosis among army personnel to protect the army personnel from risk of getting leptospirosis.展开更多
Community-based interventions in prevention and control of leptospirosis, have been uniformly unsuccessful. Individual counseling and health education play an important role in the prevention and control of the diseas...Community-based interventions in prevention and control of leptospirosis, have been uniformly unsuccessful. Individual counseling and health education play an important role in the prevention and control of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intervention on the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) score on leptospirosis among the army personnel after receiving a health education given. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitude and practice at pre- and post-intervention. A total of 188 army personnel from the two camps involved in this study with 94 respondents in control and intervention groups respectively. Leptospirosis Health Education Module (LHEM) was given to the intervention group. There was significant improvement in knowledge score before and after intervention done (mean difference = 24.25, 95% CI: 21.93, 26.56;p −14.13, 95% CI: −15.82, −12.45;p −0.72, 1.55;p > 0.05). For the intervention effect, the subjects in intervention group had significantly higher mean attitude score as compared to the subjects in control group (mean difference = −2.12, 95% CI: −2.99, −1.24;p −0.47, 1.98;p > 0.05). For the intervention effect regardless of time, the subjects in intervention group had significantly higher mean practice score as compared to the subjects in control group (mean difference = 4.16, 95% CI: 2.80, 5.52;p < 0.001). The leptospirosis health education module was found to cause improvement in KAP score in the intervention group.展开更多
Urologists perform the majority of vasectomies in the United States;however,family medicine physicians(FMPs)perform up to 35%.We hypothesized that d iff ere nces exist in practice patterns and outcomes between urologi...Urologists perform the majority of vasectomies in the United States;however,family medicine physicians(FMPs)perform up to 35%.We hypothesized that d iff ere nces exist in practice patterns and outcomes between urologists and FMPs.Patie nts who underwent a vasectomy from 2010 to 2016 were identified.Postvasectomy semen analysis(PVSA)practices were compared between urologists and FMPs,before and after release of the 2012 AUA vasectomy guidelines.From 2010 to 2016,FMPs performed 1435(35.1%)of all vasectomies.PVSA follow-up rates were similar between the two groups(63.4%vs 64.8%,P=0.18).Of the patients with follow-up,the median number of PVSAs obtained was 1(range 1-6)in both groups(P=0.22).Following the release of guidelines,fewer urologists obtained multiple PVSAs(69.8%vs 28.9%pre-and post-2012,P<0.01).FMPs had a significant but lesser change in the use of multiple PVSAs(47.5%vs 38.4%,P<0.01).Both groups made appropriate changes in the timing of the first PVSA,but FMPs continued to obtain PVSAs before 8 weeks(15.0%vs 6.5%,P<0.01).FMPs had a higher rate of positive results in PVSAs obtained after 8 weeks,the earliest recommended by the AUA guidelines(4.1%vs 1.3%,P<0.01).Significant differences in PVSA utilization between FMPs and urologists were identified and were impacted by the release of AUA guidelines in 2012.In summary,FMPs obtained multiple PVSAs more frequently and continued to obtain PVSAs prior to the 8-week recommendation,suggesting less penetration of AUA guidelines to nonurology specialties.Furthermore,FMPs had more positive results on PVSAs obtained within the recommended window.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the practice patterns of optometrists in Saudi Arabia regarding myopia management.METHODS:An internet-based survey was distributed to all practicing optometrists in Saudi Arabia(n=1886).The survey c...AIM:To investigate the practice patterns of optometrists in Saudi Arabia regarding myopia management.METHODS:An internet-based survey was distributed to all practicing optometrists in Saudi Arabia(n=1886).The survey contained questions related to 1)demographics,2)knowledge about myopia and its associated complications,3)current clinical care,4)type and frequency of myopia treatment prescribed,and 5)potential barriers limiting treatment adoption.RESULTS:The completed surveys were collected from 171 optometrists(9.06%response rate,60%male).Knowledge regarding myopia-associated complications was prevalent but somewhat inaccurate among the respondents.Cycloplegic refraction at initial visit was used by 59%of the respondents.The cover test was the most reported binocular vision test(83%),and 38%of optometrists did not perform any ocular biometrics.Twothirds prescribed single-vision spectacles for children with myopia.Increased time spent outdoors was selected by 80%of the practitioners who prescribed myopia control treatment as the primary approach.Insufficient support and lack of clinical experience in providing myopia treatment were reported as the most important factors limiting the adoption of myopia management strategies.CONCLUSION:The current optometric practices in Saudi Arabia require further investigation.Optometrists appear to be somewhat aware of myopia and the associated risks.However,most evidence-based myopia treatments are not being locally adopted,primarily because of lack of support,lack of experience,and limited availability.展开更多
In Tanzania, maize is the main complementary food for infants and primary school children. Dietary exposure to mycotoxins through complementary foods by Tanzanian infants is of concern. The maize storage and consumpti...In Tanzania, maize is the main complementary food for infants and primary school children. Dietary exposure to mycotoxins through complementary foods by Tanzanian infants is of concern. The maize storage and consumption practices of farmers in Handeni District, Tanzania and their implications for mycotoxin contamination of maize flour were investigated. A convenient sample of 60 farmers in Seza Kofi and Kwabojo villages in Mgambo and Ndolwa wards were surveyed. The majority of farmers (95%) stored their maize in the house using the roofing and sack methods. Most farmers (67%) did not visually or mechanically sort defective maize kernels before storage. In both villages, the most important storage problems reported by the farmers were rodents and insects. Forty two percent of the farmers surveyed indicated that they consumed dehulled maize, while 35 and 12% consumed non-dehulled and mixed (dehulled and non-dehulled), respectively. The preponderance of storage practices described was unfavorable to mycotoxin reduction in stored maize. It is therefore recommended that appropriate, area-specific farmer training regarding recommended storage practices including storage methods, effective management of storage pests and healthy maize preparation and consumption practices be conducted. Additionally, further research on maize storage and consumption practices for Tanzania is needed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)is the most common bariatric surgical procedure.LSG is a restrictive procedure and in this operation stomach volume is greatly reduced.When the details of the procedure a...BACKGROUND Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)is the most common bariatric surgical procedure.LSG is a restrictive procedure and in this operation stomach volume is greatly reduced.When the details of the procedure are examined,it is seen that there are many different methods surgery.AIM To analyze approaches of surgeons performing LSG.METHODS A questionnaire consist of 44 questions was sent by e-mail to the surgeons performing bariatric surgery.Approaches of surgery about preoperative period,surgical techniques and postoperative period was questioned.RESULTS Different approaches about antibiotic prophylaxis,stapler line reinforcement utilization,application of intraoperative and postoperative leakage test,approach to the crus and hiatal hernia repair were detected.It was observed that a few partipicipants applied contrary to the guidelines of antibiotic prophlaxis and thromboembolism prophylaxis.Approaches about other subjects were generally similar.CONCLUSION In this study,approaches about LSG that most common bariatric surgical procedure in our country was learned.According to these results,knowing the approaches in our country will be beneficial in terms of determining the training programs in bariatric surgery,improving surgical results and reducing the complications.展开更多
The application of physical restraint for patients represents ethical dilemmas for psychiatric nurses in terms of maintaining the safety of all(clients and staff)while at the same time curtailing the individual’s aut...The application of physical restraint for patients represents ethical dilemmas for psychiatric nurses in terms of maintaining the safety of all(clients and staff)while at the same time curtailing the individual’s autonomy.This article aimed to provide a sound knowledge of ethical positions and strategies for psychiatric nurses to address ethical issues of physical restraint according to the ethical principles of autonomy,beneficence,nonmaleficence,and ethical theories.Given that nursing workforce was limited and workload among psychiatric nurses was heavy,physical restraint was one of the coercive interventions managing aggressive behavior.In relation to address ethical dilemmas,it was proposed to acquire informed consent of physical restraint from the individuals and provide person‑centered care.Effective communication and negotiation with patients could help to strike a balance between patients’autonomy and nurses’accountability when using physical restraint.In addition,guidelines and targeted intervention strategies need to be developed to regulate and reduce the implementation of restraint.Finally,a collaboration among nurses,psychiatrists,and families is essential to protect patients’autonomy concerning physical restraint use.展开更多
Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving developmen...Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving development quality and core competitiveness.How to build a scientific and systematic transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and improve the overall management level of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agricultural scientific research institutes is one of the key tasks to measure how a scientific research institute supports industry and serves society.Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example,this paper explores the construction and practice of its scientific and technological achievements transformation system since the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.By arranging the current situation of resource elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,analyzing the progress of the construction of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,summarizing the practical results of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,this paper puts forward 10 strategies and measures(implementing key projects for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;striving to promote the transformation and application of on-duty scientific and technological achievements;accelerating the development and utilization of advantageous and characteristic resources;strengthening the use and protection of intellectual property rights;actively expanding cooperation activities between government,industry and research;increasing special financial support for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;innovating state-owned asset management to accelerate scientific and technological development;piloting equity incentives to expand scientific and technological development channels to increase income;striving to create a relaxed environment for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,effectively create scientific and technological value,enhance the development strength of the institute,and promote high-quality industrial development)in order to provide a useful reference for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural research institutes.展开更多
Objective: A pharmacist and physician collaborative practice intervention to improve the initial dosing of vancomycin was implemented with the goal of decreasing the number of subtherapeutic first troughs and increasi...Objective: A pharmacist and physician collaborative practice intervention to improve the initial dosing of vancomycin was implemented with the goal of decreasing the number of subtherapeutic first troughs and increasing the number of therapeutic troughs. Methods: Using the best available evidence, a nomogram was created to determine the initial vancomycin dose. The nomogram utilized actual bodyweight and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) estimated with the MDRD4 equation. The dose was based on the 2009 ASHP/IDSA/SIDP guidelines, which recommended 15 - 20 mg/kg every 8 - 12 hours. Providers ordered “vancomycin IV dosed per pharmacy”. Results: The pre- (n = 75) and post-intervention (n = 108) cohorts had similar age, gender distribution, weight, and eGFR. The median total daily vancomycin dose was similar in pre- and post-intervention groups (2000 mg), although the median first trough was higher following the intervention (13.0 vs. 14.8 mcg/ml, p = 0.03). Following the intervention, the proportion of first troughs under 10 mcg/ml decreased (32% to 13%, p = 0.003), while the proportion of troughs in the 10 - 20 mcg/ml therapeutic range increased (50.7% vs. 69.4%, p = 0.01). There was no difference in the proportion of troughs over 20 mcg/ml (17.3% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.96). Conclusions: A multi-disciplinary intervention utilizing a nomogram-based pharmacy collaborative practice model significantly improves the proportion of therapeutic initial vancomycin troughs and decreases the number of subtherapeutic troughs by half.展开更多
Background: Episiotomy is a common perineum incision preformed to facilitate the delivery. Although it was commonly performed especially in primigravida women, the new trend is to limit episiotomies as much as possibl...Background: Episiotomy is a common perineum incision preformed to facilitate the delivery. Although it was commonly performed especially in primigravida women, the new trend is to limit episiotomies as much as possible. This study aimed to find out the rate of episiotomy and to compare the rate in primigravida vs multigravida at King Abdulaziz university hospital. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah from January 2012 to December 2015. Ethical approval was obtained. Results: 35% of the females in 2012 had episiotomy while the majority of the vaginal deliveries had no intervention (65%). In 2015, the rate of episiotomies has increased to 36.4%. However, the majority of the vaginal deliveries had no intervention (63.6%). Overall 87.6% primigravidas had episiotomy while only 12.4% delivered without intervention. On the other hand, only 16.1% multigravidas had episiotomy, while the largest portion of cases was delivered without intervention (83.9%). Conclusion: Rate of episiotomy has slightly increased in 2015 in comparison to 2012. To decrease the overall episiotomy rate, we have to review KAUH guidelines and evaluate the limitation of applying it in practice.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a critical condition caused by reduced blood flow to the intestines,leading to tissue damage and potentially severe complications.Early recognition and timely management are es...BACKGROUND Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a critical condition caused by reduced blood flow to the intestines,leading to tissue damage and potentially severe complications.Early recognition and timely management are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with IBD.AIM To evaluate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of healthcare professionals regarding IBD.METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in China from November 2023 to December 2023 using a self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 315 valid questionnaires were analyzed,with 215 participants(68.25%)being female.The mean KAP scores were 17.55±5.35(range:0-24),27.65±2.77(range:8-40),and 18.88±4.23(range:6-30),respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed the following factors to be independently associated with knowledge:Age 26-35 years(β=2.80,95%CI:0.31-5.30,P=0.028),professional title(β=2.66,95%CI:0.91-4.41,P=0.003),position(β=-3.78,95%CI:-5.45 to-2.11,P<0.001),participation in IBD-related training(β=3.45,95%CI:2.39-4.51,P<0.001),and admission of more than five IBD cases in the past month(β=3.25,95%CI:1.58-4.92,P<0.001).Attitude was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.15-0.26,P<0.001)and being a nurse or nursing supervisor(β=-1.30,95%CI:-2.16 to-0.40,P=0.003).Practice was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.10-0.30,P<0.001)and attitude(β=0.24,95%CI:0.06-0.42,P=0.007).Structural equation modeling demonstrated direct effects of knowledge on attitude(β=0.24,P<0.001)and practice(β=0.26,P<0.001),as well as of attitude on practice(β=0.22,P=0.012).CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals demonstrated adequate knowledge but moderate attitude and inactive practice regarding IBD.Addressing the gaps in attitude and practice through targeted training programs and interventions is essential for improving patient care and outcomes.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on ...BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.展开更多
文摘Objective:To explore the application of the Registered Nurses'Association of Ontario(RNAO)Best Practice Guideline(BPG)for Developing and Sustaining Nursing Leadership through the lens of nursing students transitioning from classroom learning to clinical practice.Through this reflection,the authors hope to inspire and empower future nursing leaders to champion innovation,resilience,and excellence in healthcare.Methods:By integrating evidence-based leadership principles,the authors reflect on their personal experiences,challenges,and successes in implementing these guidelines in real-world settings.Results:The paper highlights the significance of leadership in fostering healthy work environments and improving patient outcomes,emphasizing the role of nursing students as emerging leaders.Practical strategies for applying BPG,the RNAO BPG suggests leadership skills on professional development,and recommendations for embedding leadership principles into nursing education and practice are discussed.Conclusions:Implementing nursing leadership from the beginning of a nursing student's journey is vital for shaping the next generation of healthcare leaders.By integrating leadership principles early in nursing education,students can develop the skills needed to navigate clinical challenges,collaborate effectively with healthcare teams,and advocate for positive change.Starting with leadership guidelines in nursing school ensures that future nurses are equipped to foster supportive work environments,improve patient outcomes,and drive innovation from the very start of their careers,making leadership an inherent part of their professional identity.
文摘Objective:To describe the implementation of evidence-based practice(EBP)and identify the associated factors among clinical nurses working at an oncology hospital in Central Vietnam.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 190 clinical nurses recruited from an oncology hospital in Central Vietnam.The self-administered Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire(EBPQ)was employed to assess the nurses'knowledge/skills,attitudes,and implementation of EBP.Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics,the Mann-Whitney test,the Kruskal-Wallis test,and Spearman's rho correlation.Results:The mean total score for EBP implementation among the nurses was 29.52(SD=7.14)out of 42 scores.The most frequently undertaken activity was sharing evidence with colleagues,whereas finding relevant evidence was the least performed.The level of EBP implementation significantly varied based on the nurses'role types and their participation in related courses(P<0.05).Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between EBP implementation and both knowledge/skills(r=0.703,P<0.001)and attitudes toward EBP(r=0.536,P<0.001).Conclusions:The implementation of EBP by oncology nurses is generally moderate and is significantly positively correlated with their knowledge/skills and attitudes toward EBP.These findings underscore the importance of enhancing educational programs and facilitating suppor tive institutional policies to fur ther encourage the adoption of EBP among nurses.
基金Supported by Undergraduate Higher Education Teaching Quality and Reform Projects of Guangdong Province(Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.9,Yuejiao Gao Han[2024]No.30)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110973)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Young Innovative Talents Project of General Colleges and Universities(2023KQNCX089)Quality Engineering and Teaching Reform Projects of Zhaoqing University(zlgc202239,zlgc202207,zlgc2024005,zlgc2024038).
文摘To meet the need for cultivating application-oriented talents in local universities,this study introduced a project-based learning approach into the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching.The course was structured around a project titled"Influenza Virus Analysis",comprising four progressive modules:database utilization and information retrieval,sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis,functional and structural prediction,and omics data analysis.These modules were integrated into a coherent research workflow that connected fragmented knowledge and technical skills.During implementation,flipped classroom and group collaboration methods were employed,alongside the establishment of a diversified assessment system emphasizing process evaluation.Teaching practice indicates that the reform effectively enhances students professional application skills,learning experience,and scientific literacy,facilitating a shift from"tool operation"to"problem-solving"capabilities.This study provides a reference model for the reform of bioinformatics experimental teaching in local universities.
基金Funding Source:2024 Heilongjiang Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Key Research Project.Project Name:Practice and Exploration of Curriculum-Based Political Education in the Intercultural Communication Course Under the New Liberal Arts Framework(Grant No.SJGZB2024063).
文摘This study investigates how to pedagogically integrate ideological education with competency development in the Intercultural Communication course,a challenge arising from China’s dual reform contexts of the New Liberal Arts initiative and the national curriculum ideology policy.As global interactions intensify,cultivating foreign language professionals who possess both firm cultural confidence and sophisticated intercultural competence have become a critical educational imperative.This exploratory study investigates how a three-dimensional“Value-Knowledge-Competency”framework can guide the redesign of course content,task design,and assessment to achieve organic fusion.Drawing on qualitative data from a case study,it analyzes specific implementation pathways,synthesizes teacher and student feedback,and discusses the resultant challenges and broader implications for foreign language curriculum reform.The findings suggest that such an integrated approach can effectively synergize value guidance with skill cultivation,though its success hinges on overcoming issues related to pedagogical naturalness,resource allocation,and standardized evaluation.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning(INACSL)in the Adult Nursing course.Methods This study used a quasi-experimental design.A total of 94 third-year nursing students from a university in Beijing between November and December 2022 were recruited as participants.An innovative semi-virtual simulation teaching model was designed based on the SOBP established by the INACSL.In the Adult Nursing course,both the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models were implemented.At the end of the simulation sessions,participants completed the Chinese version of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified(SET-M)to assess the effectiveness of the two teaching models.Results All nursing students completed the simulation sessions.There was no difference(t=−0.93,P=0.353)in the total scores between the semi-virtual simulation teaching model(50.87±5.30)and the traditional simulation teaching model(50.37±5.16).However,there was a statistically significant difference(t=−2.65,P=0.010)in the prebriefing section(semi-virtual simulation:5.60±0.71;traditional simulation:5.33±0.78).In contrast,no statistically significant differences were found for the scenario and debriefing sections(P>0.05).At the individual item level,statistical differences(P<0.05)between the two models were identified for items 1 and 9,but not for the remaining items(P>0.05).By analyzing the open-ended question,it was found that both simulation models were effective,and students’comments were similar.Conclusions The study demonstrated equivalent effectiveness between the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models.Semi-virtual simulation teaching model could offer a more flexible and feasible approach to simulation teaching.
基金funded by UKRI Global Challenges Research Fund through the Economic and Social Research Council(grant reference:ES/T004959/1)with additional partial support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa(grant CSUR230503101533)。
文摘Globally,mealtimes provide key insights into cultural and social values and practices.We examine mealtime environments and eating practices in two different African settings using quantitative observational and questionnaire data.Participating families(N=80)were recruited from two rural locations in Zambia and Kenya.Results following descriptive analysis showed that meals are typically taken as a family in a sociable context,providing opportunities to nurture children’s positive behaviours.In both communities,mothers(71.25%)were most likely to be present and typically prepared meals and provided the food.We observed a few distractions being used during mealtimes,and children finished their food with little to no conflict.Plate sharing varied across the two sites and was more common in Zambia,where we also observed more traditional practices such as eating with hands(as opposed to cutlery)and sitting on mats on the ground(as opposed to seated on chairs or sofas).Overall,our findings suggest more similarities in the cultural and social values across the two African contexts despite slight differences in mealtime practices.In particular,positive mealtime behaviours(little food refusal,lack of conflict)were common across all contexts,regardless of the extent to which traditional practices(such as plate-sharing and sitting on the floor)were used.Findings align with Family Systems theory,which states that the family is understood best by conceptualizing it as a complex,dynamic,and changing collection of parts,subsystems,and family members.
基金supported by the Fund for Innovative Research Group of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52221003)。
文摘The spatial optimization of best management practices(BMPs) plays a critical role in precise watershed pollution control. However, the effectiveness of BMPs exhibits a complex nonlinear dependence on both configuration unit scale and rainfall intensity, often leading to widespread spatiotemporal mismatches during implementation. To fill this gap, this study proposes a new framework:(a) delineating configuration units based on the implementation scale differences between structural and nonstructural BMPs;(b) incorporating BMP reduction thresholds to enable dynamic adjustment of design scales according to inflow loads;and(c) developing a staged allocation strategy tailored to varying rainfall scenarios. The framework is exemplified by an agricultural catchment in the southeastern Liaohe watershed, China. The results showed that the framework could improve the assessment accuracy and cost-effectiveness of pollution control. Specifically, neglecting BMP reduction thresholds resulted in a 51.35% underestimation of treatment costs. Incorporating these thresholds and dynamically adjusting BMP design scales reduced treatment costs by 62.70%. Furthermore, the framework facilitated more precise localization of structural BMPs(1 km^(2)) and improved optimization efficiency by 95.91%. The proposed staged allocation strategy ensured water quality compliance under varying rainfall intensities. Structural BMPs primarily addressed pollution from light to moderate rainfall in the initial stage, while nonstructural BMPs targeted heavy rainfall pollution in the subsequent stage. The proposed framework may enhance the spatiotemporal adaptability of BMP configuration to respond to the threats posed by climate change and human activities. It can also be extended to other agriculture-dominated watersheds.
文摘Background:Clinical practice guidelines refer to the guidance provided by the expert system to help medical staff and patients decide on appropriate treatments for a specific clinical situation,mainly including guidelines based on expert consensus and evidence-based guidelines.Since there is no research and clinical application of a specific stoma guidance in China.It is of great significance to understand the application status of the recommended guidelines and the influencing factors in promoting the development of stoma care.Purpose:To investigate the application status of recommended clinical practice guidelines for stoma nursing in China,and to analyse the reasons for the knowledge and application of recommendations.Methods:The Questionnaire on the Application of Recommendations in Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ostomy Nursing was adopted.Results:We collected 195 questionnaires and 183 valid questionnaires were available.(1)The average knowledge rate of a total of 31 recommendations was 73.65%.The main reasons for unknown were insufficient dissemination and lack of training.(2)The average application rate of the 31 recommendations was 58.08%.The overall satisfaction rate of people who used them was high.The main reasons for not applying recommendations were complex.Conclusions:Different levels of recommendations awareness and application are different.There is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for clinical practice in ostomy nursing in the field of stoma care in China,which limits the scientific development of stoma care to a certain extent.However,this study provides reference for the future construction of a guidebook adapted to our country’s localization.
文摘Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by infection of the bacteria belongs to Genus leptospira. It occurs in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones. It is also known as occupational-related disease as certain occupations are associated with the occurrence of leptospirosis. Army is identified as one of the high-risk occupations in contracting leptospirosis. This study was done to determine knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) among army personnel on leptospirosis. A cross sectional study was conducted among 616 army personnel in four based camps in Northeastern Malaysia, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A validated KAP questionnaire was used, consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice questions. More than half (52.8%) of the respondents had poor knowledge score. For the attitude score, almost the same proportions had satisfactory attitude. The same finding was seen in practice score, whereby those with good practice (54.9%) and bad practice (45.9%). In conclusion, the finding showed that almost all army personnel had unsatisfactory KAP, thus, it is recommended for the army to have a good health education program on leptospirosis among army personnel to protect the army personnel from risk of getting leptospirosis.
文摘Community-based interventions in prevention and control of leptospirosis, have been uniformly unsuccessful. Individual counseling and health education play an important role in the prevention and control of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of intervention on the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) score on leptospirosis among the army personnel after receiving a health education given. A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitude and practice at pre- and post-intervention. A total of 188 army personnel from the two camps involved in this study with 94 respondents in control and intervention groups respectively. Leptospirosis Health Education Module (LHEM) was given to the intervention group. There was significant improvement in knowledge score before and after intervention done (mean difference = 24.25, 95% CI: 21.93, 26.56;p −14.13, 95% CI: −15.82, −12.45;p −0.72, 1.55;p > 0.05). For the intervention effect, the subjects in intervention group had significantly higher mean attitude score as compared to the subjects in control group (mean difference = −2.12, 95% CI: −2.99, −1.24;p −0.47, 1.98;p > 0.05). For the intervention effect regardless of time, the subjects in intervention group had significantly higher mean practice score as compared to the subjects in control group (mean difference = 4.16, 95% CI: 2.80, 5.52;p < 0.001). The leptospirosis health education module was found to cause improvement in KAP score in the intervention group.
文摘Urologists perform the majority of vasectomies in the United States;however,family medicine physicians(FMPs)perform up to 35%.We hypothesized that d iff ere nces exist in practice patterns and outcomes between urologists and FMPs.Patie nts who underwent a vasectomy from 2010 to 2016 were identified.Postvasectomy semen analysis(PVSA)practices were compared between urologists and FMPs,before and after release of the 2012 AUA vasectomy guidelines.From 2010 to 2016,FMPs performed 1435(35.1%)of all vasectomies.PVSA follow-up rates were similar between the two groups(63.4%vs 64.8%,P=0.18).Of the patients with follow-up,the median number of PVSAs obtained was 1(range 1-6)in both groups(P=0.22).Following the release of guidelines,fewer urologists obtained multiple PVSAs(69.8%vs 28.9%pre-and post-2012,P<0.01).FMPs had a significant but lesser change in the use of multiple PVSAs(47.5%vs 38.4%,P<0.01).Both groups made appropriate changes in the timing of the first PVSA,but FMPs continued to obtain PVSAs before 8 weeks(15.0%vs 6.5%,P<0.01).FMPs had a higher rate of positive results in PVSAs obtained after 8 weeks,the earliest recommended by the AUA guidelines(4.1%vs 1.3%,P<0.01).Significant differences in PVSA utilization between FMPs and urologists were identified and were impacted by the release of AUA guidelines in 2012.In summary,FMPs obtained multiple PVSAs more frequently and continued to obtain PVSAs prior to the 8-week recommendation,suggesting less penetration of AUA guidelines to nonurology specialties.Furthermore,FMPs had more positive results on PVSAs obtained within the recommended window.
基金Deanship of Scientific Research,College of Applied Medical Sciences Research Center at King Saud University,for funding this work。
文摘AIM:To investigate the practice patterns of optometrists in Saudi Arabia regarding myopia management.METHODS:An internet-based survey was distributed to all practicing optometrists in Saudi Arabia(n=1886).The survey contained questions related to 1)demographics,2)knowledge about myopia and its associated complications,3)current clinical care,4)type and frequency of myopia treatment prescribed,and 5)potential barriers limiting treatment adoption.RESULTS:The completed surveys were collected from 171 optometrists(9.06%response rate,60%male).Knowledge regarding myopia-associated complications was prevalent but somewhat inaccurate among the respondents.Cycloplegic refraction at initial visit was used by 59%of the respondents.The cover test was the most reported binocular vision test(83%),and 38%of optometrists did not perform any ocular biometrics.Twothirds prescribed single-vision spectacles for children with myopia.Increased time spent outdoors was selected by 80%of the practitioners who prescribed myopia control treatment as the primary approach.Insufficient support and lack of clinical experience in providing myopia treatment were reported as the most important factors limiting the adoption of myopia management strategies.CONCLUSION:The current optometric practices in Saudi Arabia require further investigation.Optometrists appear to be somewhat aware of myopia and the associated risks.However,most evidence-based myopia treatments are not being locally adopted,primarily because of lack of support,lack of experience,and limited availability.
文摘In Tanzania, maize is the main complementary food for infants and primary school children. Dietary exposure to mycotoxins through complementary foods by Tanzanian infants is of concern. The maize storage and consumption practices of farmers in Handeni District, Tanzania and their implications for mycotoxin contamination of maize flour were investigated. A convenient sample of 60 farmers in Seza Kofi and Kwabojo villages in Mgambo and Ndolwa wards were surveyed. The majority of farmers (95%) stored their maize in the house using the roofing and sack methods. Most farmers (67%) did not visually or mechanically sort defective maize kernels before storage. In both villages, the most important storage problems reported by the farmers were rodents and insects. Forty two percent of the farmers surveyed indicated that they consumed dehulled maize, while 35 and 12% consumed non-dehulled and mixed (dehulled and non-dehulled), respectively. The preponderance of storage practices described was unfavorable to mycotoxin reduction in stored maize. It is therefore recommended that appropriate, area-specific farmer training regarding recommended storage practices including storage methods, effective management of storage pests and healthy maize preparation and consumption practices be conducted. Additionally, further research on maize storage and consumption practices for Tanzania is needed.
文摘BACKGROUND Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)is the most common bariatric surgical procedure.LSG is a restrictive procedure and in this operation stomach volume is greatly reduced.When the details of the procedure are examined,it is seen that there are many different methods surgery.AIM To analyze approaches of surgeons performing LSG.METHODS A questionnaire consist of 44 questions was sent by e-mail to the surgeons performing bariatric surgery.Approaches of surgery about preoperative period,surgical techniques and postoperative period was questioned.RESULTS Different approaches about antibiotic prophylaxis,stapler line reinforcement utilization,application of intraoperative and postoperative leakage test,approach to the crus and hiatal hernia repair were detected.It was observed that a few partipicipants applied contrary to the guidelines of antibiotic prophlaxis and thromboembolism prophylaxis.Approaches about other subjects were generally similar.CONCLUSION In this study,approaches about LSG that most common bariatric surgical procedure in our country was learned.According to these results,knowing the approaches in our country will be beneficial in terms of determining the training programs in bariatric surgery,improving surgical results and reducing the complications.
文摘The application of physical restraint for patients represents ethical dilemmas for psychiatric nurses in terms of maintaining the safety of all(clients and staff)while at the same time curtailing the individual’s autonomy.This article aimed to provide a sound knowledge of ethical positions and strategies for psychiatric nurses to address ethical issues of physical restraint according to the ethical principles of autonomy,beneficence,nonmaleficence,and ethical theories.Given that nursing workforce was limited and workload among psychiatric nurses was heavy,physical restraint was one of the coercive interventions managing aggressive behavior.In relation to address ethical dilemmas,it was proposed to acquire informed consent of physical restraint from the individuals and provide person‑centered care.Effective communication and negotiation with patients could help to strike a balance between patients’autonomy and nurses’accountability when using physical restraint.In addition,guidelines and targeted intervention strategies need to be developed to regulate and reduce the implementation of restraint.Finally,a collaboration among nurses,psychiatrists,and families is essential to protect patients’autonomy concerning physical restraint use.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(721QN0938).
文摘Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving development quality and core competitiveness.How to build a scientific and systematic transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and improve the overall management level of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agricultural scientific research institutes is one of the key tasks to measure how a scientific research institute supports industry and serves society.Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example,this paper explores the construction and practice of its scientific and technological achievements transformation system since the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.By arranging the current situation of resource elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,analyzing the progress of the construction of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,summarizing the practical results of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,this paper puts forward 10 strategies and measures(implementing key projects for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;striving to promote the transformation and application of on-duty scientific and technological achievements;accelerating the development and utilization of advantageous and characteristic resources;strengthening the use and protection of intellectual property rights;actively expanding cooperation activities between government,industry and research;increasing special financial support for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;innovating state-owned asset management to accelerate scientific and technological development;piloting equity incentives to expand scientific and technological development channels to increase income;striving to create a relaxed environment for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,effectively create scientific and technological value,enhance the development strength of the institute,and promote high-quality industrial development)in order to provide a useful reference for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural research institutes.
文摘Objective: A pharmacist and physician collaborative practice intervention to improve the initial dosing of vancomycin was implemented with the goal of decreasing the number of subtherapeutic first troughs and increasing the number of therapeutic troughs. Methods: Using the best available evidence, a nomogram was created to determine the initial vancomycin dose. The nomogram utilized actual bodyweight and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) estimated with the MDRD4 equation. The dose was based on the 2009 ASHP/IDSA/SIDP guidelines, which recommended 15 - 20 mg/kg every 8 - 12 hours. Providers ordered “vancomycin IV dosed per pharmacy”. Results: The pre- (n = 75) and post-intervention (n = 108) cohorts had similar age, gender distribution, weight, and eGFR. The median total daily vancomycin dose was similar in pre- and post-intervention groups (2000 mg), although the median first trough was higher following the intervention (13.0 vs. 14.8 mcg/ml, p = 0.03). Following the intervention, the proportion of first troughs under 10 mcg/ml decreased (32% to 13%, p = 0.003), while the proportion of troughs in the 10 - 20 mcg/ml therapeutic range increased (50.7% vs. 69.4%, p = 0.01). There was no difference in the proportion of troughs over 20 mcg/ml (17.3% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.96). Conclusions: A multi-disciplinary intervention utilizing a nomogram-based pharmacy collaborative practice model significantly improves the proportion of therapeutic initial vancomycin troughs and decreases the number of subtherapeutic troughs by half.
文摘Background: Episiotomy is a common perineum incision preformed to facilitate the delivery. Although it was commonly performed especially in primigravida women, the new trend is to limit episiotomies as much as possible. This study aimed to find out the rate of episiotomy and to compare the rate in primigravida vs multigravida at King Abdulaziz university hospital. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah from January 2012 to December 2015. Ethical approval was obtained. Results: 35% of the females in 2012 had episiotomy while the majority of the vaginal deliveries had no intervention (65%). In 2015, the rate of episiotomies has increased to 36.4%. However, the majority of the vaginal deliveries had no intervention (63.6%). Overall 87.6% primigravidas had episiotomy while only 12.4% delivered without intervention. On the other hand, only 16.1% multigravidas had episiotomy, while the largest portion of cases was delivered without intervention (83.9%). Conclusion: Rate of episiotomy has slightly increased in 2015 in comparison to 2012. To decrease the overall episiotomy rate, we have to review KAUH guidelines and evaluate the limitation of applying it in practice.
文摘BACKGROUND Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a critical condition caused by reduced blood flow to the intestines,leading to tissue damage and potentially severe complications.Early recognition and timely management are essential for improving patient outcomes and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with IBD.AIM To evaluate the knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of healthcare professionals regarding IBD.METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare professionals in China from November 2023 to December 2023 using a self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS A total of 315 valid questionnaires were analyzed,with 215 participants(68.25%)being female.The mean KAP scores were 17.55±5.35(range:0-24),27.65±2.77(range:8-40),and 18.88±4.23(range:6-30),respectively.Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed the following factors to be independently associated with knowledge:Age 26-35 years(β=2.80,95%CI:0.31-5.30,P=0.028),professional title(β=2.66,95%CI:0.91-4.41,P=0.003),position(β=-3.78,95%CI:-5.45 to-2.11,P<0.001),participation in IBD-related training(β=3.45,95%CI:2.39-4.51,P<0.001),and admission of more than five IBD cases in the past month(β=3.25,95%CI:1.58-4.92,P<0.001).Attitude was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.15-0.26,P<0.001)and being a nurse or nursing supervisor(β=-1.30,95%CI:-2.16 to-0.40,P=0.003).Practice was independently associated with knowledge(β=0.20,95%CI:0.10-0.30,P<0.001)and attitude(β=0.24,95%CI:0.06-0.42,P=0.007).Structural equation modeling demonstrated direct effects of knowledge on attitude(β=0.24,P<0.001)and practice(β=0.26,P<0.001),as well as of attitude on practice(β=0.22,P=0.012).CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals demonstrated adequate knowledge but moderate attitude and inactive practice regarding IBD.Addressing the gaps in attitude and practice through targeted training programs and interventions is essential for improving patient care and outcomes.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.
