Purpose Dietary analysis is an important part of the sports nutrition practitioners’role,however the ability to accurately collect and analyze dietary intake data is questionable.The remote food photography method(RF...Purpose Dietary analysis is an important part of the sports nutrition practitioners’role,however the ability to accurately collect and analyze dietary intake data is questionable.The remote food photography method(RFPM)has been proposed as a low-burden and potentially valid approach to collecting and interpreting dietary intake data.Preliminary research sug-gests that this is valid in some athletic populations,however the ecological validation in real-life settings warrants further investigation.Methods Twenty athletic individuals completed simultaneous three-day RFPM diaries and weighed food diaries for the analysis of energy,protein,carbohydrate,and fat.Participants were required to provide details alongside provided photo-graphs that did not include food weights to allow for the estimation of nutrient intake from minimally invasive photographs and descriptions.Results RFPM demonstrated non-significant random and systematic error against the weighed food diary for energy,protein,carbohydrate,and fat at−20.0±455.5 kcal,−2.9±34.6 g,−12.4±49.3 g and 2.3±26.8 g,respectively.Coefficient of variation suggest acceptable agreement between RFPM and weighed food diary for energy and poor agreement for protein,carbohydrate,and fat.Considerable variability is observed in the individual calculated values,with the least and greatest difference being 0%and−83.0%,respectively.Conclusion The results indicate that the RFPM may be an ecologically valid tool for the collection and analysis of dietary intake data on a group level;on an individual basis,data and subsequent recommendations based on this method must be applied with caution.展开更多
A robust sliding mode approach combined with a field oriented control （FOC） for induction motor （IM） speed control is presented. The proposed sliding mode control （SMC） design uses an adaptive switching gain and...A robust sliding mode approach combined with a field oriented control （FOC） for induction motor （IM） speed control is presented. The proposed sliding mode control （SMC） design uses an adaptive switching gain and an integrator. This approach guarantees the same robustness and dynamic performance of traditional SMC algorithms. And at the same time, it attenuates the chattering phenomenon, which is the main drawback in actual implementation of this technique. This approach is insensitive to uncertainties and permits to decrease the requirement for the bound of these uncertainties. The stability and robustness of the closed- loop system are proven analytically using the Lyapunov synthesis approach. The proposed method attenuates the effect of both uncertainties and external disturbances. Experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness and the good performance of the developed method.展开更多
文摘Purpose Dietary analysis is an important part of the sports nutrition practitioners’role,however the ability to accurately collect and analyze dietary intake data is questionable.The remote food photography method(RFPM)has been proposed as a low-burden and potentially valid approach to collecting and interpreting dietary intake data.Preliminary research sug-gests that this is valid in some athletic populations,however the ecological validation in real-life settings warrants further investigation.Methods Twenty athletic individuals completed simultaneous three-day RFPM diaries and weighed food diaries for the analysis of energy,protein,carbohydrate,and fat.Participants were required to provide details alongside provided photo-graphs that did not include food weights to allow for the estimation of nutrient intake from minimally invasive photographs and descriptions.Results RFPM demonstrated non-significant random and systematic error against the weighed food diary for energy,protein,carbohydrate,and fat at−20.0±455.5 kcal,−2.9±34.6 g,−12.4±49.3 g and 2.3±26.8 g,respectively.Coefficient of variation suggest acceptable agreement between RFPM and weighed food diary for energy and poor agreement for protein,carbohydrate,and fat.Considerable variability is observed in the individual calculated values,with the least and greatest difference being 0%and−83.0%,respectively.Conclusion The results indicate that the RFPM may be an ecologically valid tool for the collection and analysis of dietary intake data on a group level;on an individual basis,data and subsequent recommendations based on this method must be applied with caution.
文摘A robust sliding mode approach combined with a field oriented control （FOC） for induction motor （IM） speed control is presented. The proposed sliding mode control （SMC） design uses an adaptive switching gain and an integrator. This approach guarantees the same robustness and dynamic performance of traditional SMC algorithms. And at the same time, it attenuates the chattering phenomenon, which is the main drawback in actual implementation of this technique. This approach is insensitive to uncertainties and permits to decrease the requirement for the bound of these uncertainties. The stability and robustness of the closed- loop system are proven analytically using the Lyapunov synthesis approach. The proposed method attenuates the effect of both uncertainties and external disturbances. Experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness and the good performance of the developed method.
