Gastrointestinal cancers occur in a total of eight different locations,each of them with a different standard of care.This article is not an exhaustive review of what has been published in 2020.We have concentrated on...Gastrointestinal cancers occur in a total of eight different locations,each of them with a different standard of care.This article is not an exhaustive review of what has been published in 2020.We have concentrated on the thirteen phase III randomized studies that are practice-changing.All these studies are oral presentations which have been given in one of the four major oncology congresses,namely American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO),ASCO gastrointestinal(GI),European Society of Medical Oncology(ESMO)and ESMO-GI.We provide a concise view of these major trials and their main outcomes,and put these results into context.展开更多
The studies of Allen （2011） and Allen et al. （2011） recently examined the methodology underpinning claims that dingoes provide net benefits to biodiversity by suppressing foxes and cats. They found most studies to...The studies of Allen （2011） and Allen et al. （2011） recently examined the methodology underpinning claims that dingoes provide net benefits to biodiversity by suppressing foxes and cats. They found most studies to have design flaws and/or observational methods that preclude valid interpretations from the data, describing most of the current literature as ＇wild dogma＇. In this short supplement, we briefly highlight the roles and implications of wild dogma for wild dog management in Australia. We discuss nomenclature, and the influence that unreliable science can have on policy and practice changes related to apex predator management展开更多
Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)are an increasing public health concern due to their rising incidence-particularly among individuals under 60 years of age-their frequent late-stage diagnosis,and their poor prognosis,with a...Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)are an increasing public health concern due to their rising incidence-particularly among individuals under 60 years of age-their frequent late-stage diagnosis,and their poor prognosis,with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%and a median overall survival(OS)of around 12 months(1,2).BTCs originate from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder.This anatomical heterogeneity is compounded by diverse risk factors,resulting in a complex disease landscape at the molecular level.Over the past decade,significant progress has been made in unraveling the molecular characteristics of these neoplasms,enabling advances in selected tumor subgroups through the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine approaches(e.g.,FGFR2 fusions,IDH1 mutations,HER2 amplification or overexpression,BRAF mutations)(3,4).Despite these advances in molecularly defined subsets,the vast majority of patients with BTC still face dismal outcomes,underscoring the urgent need for effective systemic strategies accessible to all patients,not only to biomarker-selected minorities.展开更多
文摘Gastrointestinal cancers occur in a total of eight different locations,each of them with a different standard of care.This article is not an exhaustive review of what has been published in 2020.We have concentrated on the thirteen phase III randomized studies that are practice-changing.All these studies are oral presentations which have been given in one of the four major oncology congresses,namely American Society of Clinical Oncology(ASCO),ASCO gastrointestinal(GI),European Society of Medical Oncology(ESMO)and ESMO-GI.We provide a concise view of these major trials and their main outcomes,and put these results into context.
文摘The studies of Allen （2011） and Allen et al. （2011） recently examined the methodology underpinning claims that dingoes provide net benefits to biodiversity by suppressing foxes and cats. They found most studies to have design flaws and/or observational methods that preclude valid interpretations from the data, describing most of the current literature as ＇wild dogma＇. In this short supplement, we briefly highlight the roles and implications of wild dogma for wild dog management in Australia. We discuss nomenclature, and the influence that unreliable science can have on policy and practice changes related to apex predator management
文摘Biliary tract cancers(BTCs)are an increasing public health concern due to their rising incidence-particularly among individuals under 60 years of age-their frequent late-stage diagnosis,and their poor prognosis,with a 5-year survival rate of less than 20%and a median overall survival(OS)of around 12 months(1,2).BTCs originate from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder.This anatomical heterogeneity is compounded by diverse risk factors,resulting in a complex disease landscape at the molecular level.Over the past decade,significant progress has been made in unraveling the molecular characteristics of these neoplasms,enabling advances in selected tumor subgroups through the development of targeted therapies and personalized medicine approaches(e.g.,FGFR2 fusions,IDH1 mutations,HER2 amplification or overexpression,BRAF mutations)(3,4).Despite these advances in molecularly defined subsets,the vast majority of patients with BTC still face dismal outcomes,underscoring the urgent need for effective systemic strategies accessible to all patients,not only to biomarker-selected minorities.
