In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edg...In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edge of the grounding grid, was observed and analyzed under artificially triggered lightning conditions. Based on circuit theory and measured current data, a π-equivalent circuit was established to simulate the transient response of the grounding grid.Nineteen return strokes from three artificially triggered lightning events were analyzed. The peak currents of the 19 return strokes range from -6.7 to -25.1 kA, and the mean value was -14.3 kA. The GPR decreased rapidly and formed a subpeak after reaching the initial peak, with the mean value of the initial peak being -148.65 kV and the mean value of the subpeak being -92.87 kV. The GPR induced by the triggered lightning currents exhibited a subpeak phenomenon. Simulation results indicate that the subpeak phenomenon is related to localized corrosion of the vertical grounding electrode. The potential difference at the grounding grid edge exhibited a multi-pulse waveform with alternating polarity, dominated by positive pulses. The peak values of both the positive and negative polarity pulses gradually decreased, with the first positive pulse displaying a significantly higher intensity than that of subsequent pulses.展开更多
All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,offering enhanced safety,higher energy density,and improved cycling stability compared to conventional liquid-electrolyte-based lit...All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,offering enhanced safety,higher energy density,and improved cycling stability compared to conventional liquid-electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries.Understanding and optimizing the complex chemistries and interfaces that underpin ASSB performance present significant challenges from both experimental and modeling perspectives.In particular,atomistic simulations face difficulties in capturing the complex structure,disorder,and dynamic evolution of materials and interfaces under practically relevant conditions.While established methods such as density functional theory and classical force fields have provided valuable insights,some questions remain difficult to address,particularly those involving large system sizes or long timescales.Recently,machine learning interatomic potentials(MLIPs)have emerged as a transformative tool,enabling atomistic simulations at length and time scales that were previously challenging to access with conventional approaches.By delivering near first-principles accuracy with much greater efficiency,MLIPs open new avenues for large-scale,long-timescale,and high-throughput simulations of solid-state battery materials.In this review,we present a comparative overview of density functional theory,classical force fields,and MLIPs,highlighting their respective strengths and limitations in ASSB research.We then discuss how MLIPs enable simulations that reach longer timescales,larger system sizes,and support high-throughput calculations,providing unique insights into ion transport and interfacial evolution in ASSBs.Finally,we conclude with a summary and outlook on current challenges and future opportunities for expanding MLIP capabilities and accelerating their impact in solid-state battery research.展开更多
This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate ...This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate variability in an arid region.A triple research approach of statistical analysis,analytical framework,and numerical modeling was used to investigate the complex thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of desiccation-cracked soil,incorporating realistic climatic data of Qom,Iran.The results revealed the interplay between stress,strain,and pore water pressure over time,demonstrating that soil experiences significant swelling and shrinkage due to cyclic wetting and drying.The horizontal stress distribution shows compressive stress concentration at crack tips during wetting,transitioning to tensile stresses uniformly across the soil surface during drying paths.Similarly,vertical stress distributions exhibit localized compressive stresses along crack boundaries during wetting and tensile stresses during drying,highlighting the critical stress conditions at crack tips.The model differentiates between microstructural and macrostructural changes in porosity.Annual trends in micro-porosity revealed cyclic-dependent behavior,with significant volumetric changes occurring in the first year,stabilizing with successive cycles.The results also indicated that part of the volumetric changes are irreversible,with volumetric plastic strain increasing exponentially but at a decreasing rate over three years.Principal stress analysis indicates a shift from compressive to tensile stress states around cracks,driven by climate-induced wetting and drying cycles.These findings underscore the critical role of climate variability in shaping cracked soil behavior in arid regions,providing insights into the heterogeneous behavior of cracked soil surfFicial layers.展开更多
The year 2025 marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Chinese filmmaking.From the first film Dingjun Mountain released in 1905,which captured scenes from Peking opera,to the present day where artificial intelligen...The year 2025 marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Chinese filmmaking.From the first film Dingjun Mountain released in 1905,which captured scenes from Peking opera,to the present day where artificial intelligence(AI)is utilised in film production,the Chinese film industry has been developing for over a century.Data from the China Film Administration shows that China’s 2025 box o"ce revenue topped 51.8 billion yuan($7.4 billion),realising a year-on-year increase of nearly 22 percent.展开更多
Oxidative potential(OP)can be used as an indicator of the health risks of particulate matter in the air.To study the variation and sources of OP,we conducted an observation of PM_(2.5) in a megacity in southern China ...Oxidative potential(OP)can be used as an indicator of the health risks of particulate matter in the air.To study the variation and sources of OP,we conducted an observation of PM_(2.5) in a megacity in southern China in winter and spring of 2021.The results show that the average concentration of PM_(2.5) decreased by 47%from winter to spring,while volume-normalized and mass-normalized OP(i.e.,OP_(v) and OP_(m))increased by 6%and 69%,respectively.It suggests that the decline of PM_(2.5) may not necessarily decrease the health risks and the intrinsic toxicity of PM_(2.5).Variations of OP_(v) and OP_(m) among different periods were related to the different source contributions and environmental conditions.The positive matrix factorization model was used to identify the major sources of OP_(v).OP_(v) was mainly contributed by biomass burning/industrial emissions(29%),soil/road dust(20%),secondary sulfate(14%),and coal combustion(13%)in winter.Different major sources were resolved to be secondary sulfate(36%),biological sources(21%),and marine vessels(20%)in spring,presenting the substantial contribution of biological sources.The analysis shows strong associations between OP_(v) and both live and dead bacteria,further confirming the important contribution of bioaerosols to the enhancement of OP.This study highlights the importance of understanding OP in ambient PM_(2.5) in terms of public health impact and provides a new insight into the biological contribution to OP.展开更多
The high-order deformation effects in even-even^(246,248)No are investigated by means of pairing self-consistent WoodsSaxon-Strutinsky calculations using the potential-energy-surface(PES)approach in an extended deform...The high-order deformation effects in even-even^(246,248)No are investigated by means of pairing self-consistent WoodsSaxon-Strutinsky calculations using the potential-energy-surface(PES)approach in an extended deformation space(β_(2),β_(3),β_(4),β_(5),β_(6),β_(7),β_(8)).Based on the calculated two-dimensional projected energy maps and different potential energy curves,we found that the highly even-order deformations have an important impact on both the fission trajectory and energy minima,while the odd-order deformations,accompanying the even-order ones,primarily affect the fission path beyond the second barrier.Relative to the light actinide nuclei,the nuclear ground state changes to the superdeformed configuration,but the normally deformed minimum,as the low-energy shape isomer,may still be primarily responsible for enhancing nuclear stability and ensuring experimental accessibility in^(246,248)No.Our present investigation indicates the nonnegligible impact of high-order deformation effects along the fission valley and will be helpful for deepening the understanding of different deformation effects and deformation couplings in nuclei,especially in this neutron-deficient heavy-mass region.展开更多
The published article titled“Truncated Bid Overexpression Induced by Recombinant Adenovirus Cre/LoxP System Suppresses the Tumorigenic Potential of CD133+Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells”has been retracted from Oncology Re...The published article titled“Truncated Bid Overexpression Induced by Recombinant Adenovirus Cre/LoxP System Suppresses the Tumorigenic Potential of CD133+Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.4,2017,pp.595–603.展开更多
To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmiss...To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmission paths of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) were studied.Based on the MeteoInfo software,the potential source areas and concentration contributions via the weighted potential source contribution function(WPSCF)and the weighted concentration weighted trajectory(WCWT)were analyzed.Besides,trajectory distribution at different starting heights were compared.The results of the backward trajectory(500 m)showed that the PM_(2.5) and O_(3) clustering trajectories were mainly derived from the northwest and passed through Yining/Ili and Tacheng.The air flow proportion of PM_(2.5) pollution was 44.83%in winter.With the highest pollution concentration(119.2μg/m^(3)),the pollution airflow proportion of O_(3) was 30.52%in summer.According to an analysis of the pressure profile,the atmospheric pressure was below 850 hPa in winter,indicating that the near-surface air mass had a substantial impact on PM_(2.5) concentrations,whereas in summer the pressure for O_(3) rose above 750 hP1,leading to higher pollutant concentrations.The WPSCF/WCWT results of PM_(2.5) demonstrated that the largest potential areas were identified in winter and were mainly distributed in Bozhou,Kuitun,and Shihezi(west of Urumqi,cultivated land/grassland),while the largest potential areas of O_(3) were distributed in Changji(east of Urumqi,barren land)and Turpan(southeast of Urumqi,grassland)in summer.The study indicates that the government should implement stricter measures to control regional transmission and air pollution.展开更多
Explosive cyclones(ECs) are rapidly intensifying subtropical cyclones that can develop within a short time and pose considerable threats to coastal areas in middle and high latitudes.Gaining a comprehensive understand...Explosive cyclones(ECs) are rapidly intensifying subtropical cyclones that can develop within a short time and pose considerable threats to coastal areas in middle and high latitudes.Gaining a comprehensive understanding of their formation,evolution,and mechanisms of explosive development is essential for improving forecasts of extreme weather events and mitigating associated impacts.Potential vorticity(PV),which is closely related to cyclone dynamics,serves as a valuable diagnostic tool in the study of ECs.In this study,two wintertime ECs of differing intensity over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean are analyzed to examine how different atmospheric processes influence PV generation and the rapid development of ECs.The maximum deepening rates of the two ECs are 2.81 Bergeron(called EC1) and 1.52 Bergeron(referred to as EC2).Results indicate that different stages of EC evolution are closely associated with PV tendency changes at different atmospheric levels.Using the PV tendency equation,during the explosive development of EC1,latent heat release may trigger the downward propagation of upper-level PV.For EC2,latent heat release notably enhances low-level PV,directly contributing to its rapid intensification.To validate these findings,sensitivity tests are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model,with latent heat release turned off in the microphysical scheme for both cases.The results confirm the crucial role of latent heat release in generating low-level PV,further revealing that latent heat release contributes more to the explosive development of EC2 than that of EC1.展开更多
The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation backgroun...The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation background and strong tectonic activity have led to the simultaneous production of heavy oil and light oil from multi-layer in the area,which makes it very difficult to identify oil origins,presently,the hot debate on the oil origins needs to be clarified.In this paper,due to the selective consumption of different types of compounds in crude oils by severe and intense biodegradation,the commonly used oilsource correlation tools are ineffective or may produce misleading results,this study adopted a biomarker recovery method based on the principle of mass conservation that uses the sum of the mass of the residual biomarkers and their corresponding biodegradation products to obtain the mass of the original biomarkers,improving the reliability of oil origins determination.Based on the nature and occurrence of crude oils,the investigated oils are subdivided into three types,Group A,Group B and Group C.Group A,light oils occurred mainly in lower structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift,while Group B,heavy oils occurred mainly in higher structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift.The two types of crude oils may come from the mixed source of Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)and Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation source rocks(E_(2-3)a)in the Sikeshu Sag,and Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)are the main source of crude oils.Group C,heavy oils occurred mainly in Neogene Shawan Formation in the eastern Chepaizi Uplift,showing good correlation with the Permian(P_(1)f and P_(2)w)source rocks in the Shawan Sag.At the same time,by combining stable carbon isotope and parameters related to triaromatic steroids,the accuracy of the oilsource correlation results by biomarker recovery method was further verified.展开更多
The efficient and sustainable removal of refractory high ionization potential(high-IP)organic pollutants remains challenging due to their redox inertness and poor interfacial electron transfer.Herein,we report a suspe...The efficient and sustainable removal of refractory high ionization potential(high-IP)organic pollutants remains challenging due to their redox inertness and poor interfacial electron transfer.Herein,we report a suspended photo-Fenton membrane (2D-C_(3)N_(4)/Fe-N-C/GO) that circumvents these limitations via a self-sufficient oxidant generation pathway,enabling low-carbon abatement of high-IP pollutants.This multifunctional architecture couples the visible-light-driven production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) by two-dimensional carbon nitride(2D-C_(3)N_(4)) with the Fe-N-C mediated adsorption and activation of electron-deficient species via pyridinic N-Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+) redox pairs.Under light irradiation,photogenerated electrons continuously regenerate Fe^(2+) from Fe^(3+),sustaining reactive oxygen species(·OH)production and promoting efficient oxidative mineralization.The system demonstrates robust long-term performance in both synthetic and real wastewater matrices,achieving superior degradation and chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal.Life cycle assessment(LCA)confirms its environmental superiority over conventional homogeneous Fenton processes,with markedly reduced carbon emissions and ecological impacts.This work offers a mechanistically insightful and practically viable platform for the green,efficient,and durable remediation of high-IP organic pollutants,providing conceptual guidance for next-generation catalytic wastewater treatment technologies.展开更多
The available heat content (stored heat energy) of hot dry rock (HDR) at a depth of 1–10 km in the global land crust is estimated to be 5.06×10~8 EJ,attracting considerable global attention.This paper presents a...The available heat content (stored heat energy) of hot dry rock (HDR) at a depth of 1–10 km in the global land crust is estimated to be 5.06×10~8 EJ,attracting considerable global attention.This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the geological framework,HDR resource potential,exploration advancements,and the development of enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) in China.HDR resources are extensively distributed across China.Within the depth range of 3–10 km,China’s estimated potential approximates2.29×10~7 EJ,with a theoretical power generation capacity of approximately 1.67×10^(16) k Wh.Replacing coal power with HDR can help to achieve a net emission reduction of 1.34×10^(16) kg CO_(2) (approximately1.34×10^(13) t),representing an emission reduction efficiency of 94.4%.Based on a development cycle of100 years,the average annual emission reduction reaches 1.34×10^(10) t CO_(2),equivalent to 117%of China’s annual carbon emissions in 2022.Furthermore,in the context of global warming,the development and utilization of HDR,which is feasible in virtually any region worldwide,offers significant potential to support global carbon reduction efforts.China has made substantial progress in HDR exploration in recent years.This paper systematically classifies China’s HDR resources into four genetic types—highly radioactive heat-producing,sedimentary basin,active volcanic,and intensely tectonic zones—and offers detailed exploration insights for each category.Each classification exhibits distinct geological and tectonic characteristics that influence heat source mechanisms and resource distribution.Furthermore,this paper documents significant advances in EGS construction,particularly in the Gonghe Basin on the northeastern margin of the Qianghai-Xizang Plateau and the Matouying uplift in the North China Basin,where successful reservoir stimulation,microseismic monitoring,and experimental power generation have been achieved.Despite these developments,challenges persist,including technical adaptability under complex geological conditions and the economic viability of large-scale HDR development.This paper suggests that future initiatives should emphasize resource exploration,technological research,and policy support to foster sustainable HDR resource development in China,thereby contributing to the global energy transition and environmental sustainability.展开更多
Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicr...Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicrobial,chemical durability,electrical insulation,and UV aging features.Due to their widely anticipation in petroleum,applications in building,conveyance,aerospace,electronics,automobiles and energy,these multi-functional coatings have a tremendous leverage in human life,all technological and scientific subjects.Numerous applications have been made for multilateral polymers like polyurethane(PU),epoxy(EP),polyaniline(PANI)conductive polymer,polypyrrole(PPy),and etc,on various metallic surfaces especially,carbon steel substrate owing to their excellent resistance properties.Practically,nanomaterials can possess potential in the all-interdisciplinary domains of materials science and engineering,chemical and physical sciences,biological and health sciences.As known,the designed polymer nanocomposite coating paradigm is fundamentally constituted from polymer or resin as a vehicle and inorganic nanofillers(nanoparticles and nanocomposites).Some commercialized and excessively employed nanocontainers in polymer nanocomposite coating formulations,like ZnO,TiO_(2),carbon nanotubes(CNTs),clay,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),graphene,GO,CeO_(2),ZrO_(2),FeTiO_(3),etc were discussed.The current review covered the chemistry and potential applications of the largest utilized multifunctional polymer nanocomposite coatings such as EP,PU and other considerable PNCCs.Lately,a titanic attention was made for epoxy nanocomposites because of their distinct physicochemical characteristics,which result from the combined qualities of the nanoparticles and polymer material unity.In addition,the author incorporated some of his scientific contributions in this area represented in construction of innovative functional polymer nanocomposites for a variety of uses with high economic,industrial impacts and future orientation.Furthermore,some newly published applications of polymer nanocomposite coatings were incorporated and discussed.展开更多
By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale ga...By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale gas,the following understandings have been obtained:(1)Marine,transitional,and lacustrine shales in China are distributed from old to new in geological age,and the complexity of tectonic reworking and hydrocarbon generation evolution processes gradually decreases.(2)The sedimentary environment controls the type of source-reservoir configuration,which is the basis of“hydrocarbon generation and reservoir formation”.The types of source-reservoir configuration in marine and lacustrine shales are mainly source-reservoir integration,with occasional source-reservoir separation.The configuration types of transitional shale are mainly source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir symbiosis.(3)The resistance of rigid minerals to compression for pore preservation and the overpressure facilitate the enrichment of source-reservoir integrated shale gas.Good source reservoir coupling and preservation conditions are crucial for the shale gas enrichment of source-reservoir symbiosis and source-reservoir separation types.(4)Marine shale remains the main battlefield for increasing shale gas reserves and production in China,while transitional and lacustrine shales are expected to become important replacement areas.It is recommended to carry out the shale gas exploration at three levels:Accelerate the exploration of Silurian,Cambrian,and Permian marine shales in the Upper-Middle Yangtze region;make key exploration breakthroughs in ultra-deep marine shales of the Upper-Middle Yangtze region,the new Ordovician marine shale strata in the North China region,the transitional shales of the Carboniferous and Permian,as well as the Mesozoic lacustrine shale gas in basins such as Sichuan,Ordos and Songliao;explore and prepare for new shale gas exploration areas such as South China and Northwest China,providing technology and resource reserves for the sustainable development of shale gas in China.展开更多
The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothr...The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothreitol assay,DTT)of PM_(2.5)were investigated in 2017/2018 and 2022 in Xiamen,China.The decrease rate of volume-normalized DTT(DTTv)(38%)was lower than that of PM_(2.5)(55%)between the two sampling periods.However,the mass-normalized DTT(DTTm)increased by 44%.Clear seasonal patterns with higher levels in winter were found for PM_(2.5),most chemical constituents and DTTv but not for DTTm.The large decrease in DTT activity(84%−92%)after the addition of EDTA suggested that watersoluble metals were the main contributors to DTT in Xiamen.The increased gap between the reconstructed and measured DTTv and the stronger correlations between the reconstructed/measured DTT ratio and carbonaceous species in 2022were observed.The decrease rates of the hazard index(32.5%)and lifetime cancer risk(9.1%)differed from those of PM_(2.5)and DTTv due to their different main contributors.The PMF-MLR model showed that the contributions(nmol/(min·m^(3)))of vehicle emission,coal+biomass burning,ship emission and secondary aerosol to DTTv in 2022 decreased by 63.0%,65.2%,66.5%,and 22.2%,respectively,compared to those in 2017/2018,which was consistent with the emission reduction of vehicle exhaust and coal consumption,the adoption of low-sulfur fuel oil used on board ships and the reduced production of WSOC.However,the contributions of dust+sea salt and industrial emission increased.展开更多
Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dyn...Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dynamic changes in soil communities,potential bacterial pathogens,and ARG profiles under various organicmaterial treatments during RSD,including distillers’grains,potato peel,peanut vine,and peanut vine combined with charcoal.Results revealed that applying diverse organic materials in RSD significantly altered bacterial community composition and diminished the relative abundance of potential bacterial pathogens(P<0.05).The relative abundance of high-risk ARGs decreased by 10.7%-30.6%after RSD treatments,the main decreased ARG subtypeswere AAC(3)_Via,dfrA1,ErmB,lnuB,aadA.Actinobacteria was the primary host of ARGs and was suppressed by RSD.Soil physicochemical properties,such as total nitrogen,soil pH,total carbon,were crucial factors affecting ARG profiles.Our findings demonstrated that RSD treatment inhibited pathogenic bacteria and could be an option for reducing high-risk ARG proliferation in soil.展开更多
The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Pa...The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.展开更多
Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The z...Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The zircon U-Pb dating of the Anglonggangri granodiorites revealed ages of 82.8 and 80.8 Ma.Granodiorite samples have SiO2 contents of 64.36-68.33 wt%,with high Sr/Y(55-95)and A/CNK ratios(0.99-1.06).Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values range from−0.3 to+16.2.Two granodiorite samples have(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i values of 0.7034 and 0.7043 and positiveɛNd(t)values of 3.51 and 3.83.These geochemical properties indicate that they are adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of the juvenile thickened lower crust,slightly contaminated with material from the mantle due to the small-scale delamination of the lower crust.The zircons in the granodiorites have moderate Ce/Nd(2.5-43),logfO2(−20.0 to−9.6),andΔFMQ(−1.28 to+4.00)values;low(Ce/Nd)/Y(0.001-0.049)ratios;and high Dy/Yb(0.17-1.16)ratios,which indicate that these granodiorites exhibit moderate oxygen fugacity and lower magma water content than the Miocene Gangdese porphyry copper deposits associated with high-Sr/Y granites.Their ability to create porphyry-type copper deposits could have been hampered by their low magma water content and moderate oxygen fugacity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Research has consistently demonstrated that patients with major depressive disorder(MDD)exhibit attentional switching dysfunction,and the dual-task paradigm has emerged as a valuable tool for probing cognit...BACKGROUND Research has consistently demonstrated that patients with major depressive disorder(MDD)exhibit attentional switching dysfunction,and the dual-task paradigm has emerged as a valuable tool for probing cognitive deficits.However,the neuroelectrophysiological mechanism underlying this deficit has not been clarified.AIM To investigate the event-related potential(ERP)characteristics of attentional switching dysfunction and further explore the neuroelectrophysiological mechanism of the cognitive processing deficits underlying attentional switching dysfunction in MDD.METHODS The participants included 29 MDD patients and 29 healthy controls(HCs).The ERPs of the participants were measured while they performed the dual-task para digm.The behavioral and ERP N100,P200,P300,and late positive potential(LPP)data were analyzed.RESULTS This study revealed greater accuracy in HCs and slower reaction times(RTs)in MDD patients.Angry facial pictures led to lower accuracy.The results also revealed shorter RTs for happy facial pictures and the longest RTs for the 500-ms stimulus onset asynchrony.With respect to ERP characteristics,happy facial pictures and neutral facial pictures evoked higher amplitudes.The N100,P200,P300,and LPP amplitudes at Pz were the highest.MDD patients had lower P200 mean amplitudes and LPP amplitudes than HCs did.CONCLUSION In conclusion,MDD patients exhibited abnormal ERP characteristics evoked by the dual-task paradigm,which could be the neural correlates of the known abnormalities in attentional switching in patients with MDD.These results provide valuable insights into the understanding of the neural mechanisms of attentional switching function and may guide targeted interventions in patients with MDD.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(42575091)Marine Meteorological Science and Data Center Program (2024B1212070014)。
文摘In this study, the ground potential rise(GPR) phenomenon caused by a lightning current injected into a field-shaped artificial grounding grid, as well as the potential difference between two different nodes at the edge of the grounding grid, was observed and analyzed under artificially triggered lightning conditions. Based on circuit theory and measured current data, a π-equivalent circuit was established to simulate the transient response of the grounding grid.Nineteen return strokes from three artificially triggered lightning events were analyzed. The peak currents of the 19 return strokes range from -6.7 to -25.1 kA, and the mean value was -14.3 kA. The GPR decreased rapidly and formed a subpeak after reaching the initial peak, with the mean value of the initial peak being -148.65 kV and the mean value of the subpeak being -92.87 kV. The GPR induced by the triggered lightning currents exhibited a subpeak phenomenon. Simulation results indicate that the subpeak phenomenon is related to localized corrosion of the vertical grounding electrode. The potential difference at the grounding grid edge exhibited a multi-pulse waveform with alternating polarity, dominated by positive pulses. The peak values of both the positive and negative polarity pulses gradually decreased, with the first positive pulse displaying a significantly higher intensity than that of subsequent pulses.
文摘All-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,offering enhanced safety,higher energy density,and improved cycling stability compared to conventional liquid-electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries.Understanding and optimizing the complex chemistries and interfaces that underpin ASSB performance present significant challenges from both experimental and modeling perspectives.In particular,atomistic simulations face difficulties in capturing the complex structure,disorder,and dynamic evolution of materials and interfaces under practically relevant conditions.While established methods such as density functional theory and classical force fields have provided valuable insights,some questions remain difficult to address,particularly those involving large system sizes or long timescales.Recently,machine learning interatomic potentials(MLIPs)have emerged as a transformative tool,enabling atomistic simulations at length and time scales that were previously challenging to access with conventional approaches.By delivering near first-principles accuracy with much greater efficiency,MLIPs open new avenues for large-scale,long-timescale,and high-throughput simulations of solid-state battery materials.In this review,we present a comparative overview of density functional theory,classical force fields,and MLIPs,highlighting their respective strengths and limitations in ASSB research.We then discuss how MLIPs enable simulations that reach longer timescales,larger system sizes,and support high-throughput calculations,providing unique insights into ion transport and interfacial evolution in ASSBs.Finally,we conclude with a summary and outlook on current challenges and future opportunities for expanding MLIP capabilities and accelerating their impact in solid-state battery research.
基金support provided by the Research Grant Office at Sharif University Technology by way of grants G4010902 and QB020105 is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘This study presents a multi-physical modeling approach to analyze the dynamics of moisture potential and stress-deformation features near deep desiccation cracks in clayey soils under three consecutive years’climate variability in an arid region.A triple research approach of statistical analysis,analytical framework,and numerical modeling was used to investigate the complex thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of desiccation-cracked soil,incorporating realistic climatic data of Qom,Iran.The results revealed the interplay between stress,strain,and pore water pressure over time,demonstrating that soil experiences significant swelling and shrinkage due to cyclic wetting and drying.The horizontal stress distribution shows compressive stress concentration at crack tips during wetting,transitioning to tensile stresses uniformly across the soil surface during drying paths.Similarly,vertical stress distributions exhibit localized compressive stresses along crack boundaries during wetting and tensile stresses during drying,highlighting the critical stress conditions at crack tips.The model differentiates between microstructural and macrostructural changes in porosity.Annual trends in micro-porosity revealed cyclic-dependent behavior,with significant volumetric changes occurring in the first year,stabilizing with successive cycles.The results also indicated that part of the volumetric changes are irreversible,with volumetric plastic strain increasing exponentially but at a decreasing rate over three years.Principal stress analysis indicates a shift from compressive to tensile stress states around cracks,driven by climate-induced wetting and drying cycles.These findings underscore the critical role of climate variability in shaping cracked soil behavior in arid regions,providing insights into the heterogeneous behavior of cracked soil surfFicial layers.
文摘The year 2025 marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Chinese filmmaking.From the first film Dingjun Mountain released in 1905,which captured scenes from Peking opera,to the present day where artificial intelligence(AI)is utilised in film production,the Chinese film industry has been developing for over a century.Data from the China Film Administration shows that China’s 2025 box o"ce revenue topped 51.8 billion yuan($7.4 billion),realising a year-on-year increase of nearly 22 percent.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41975156)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Oxidative potential(OP)can be used as an indicator of the health risks of particulate matter in the air.To study the variation and sources of OP,we conducted an observation of PM_(2.5) in a megacity in southern China in winter and spring of 2021.The results show that the average concentration of PM_(2.5) decreased by 47%from winter to spring,while volume-normalized and mass-normalized OP(i.e.,OP_(v) and OP_(m))increased by 6%and 69%,respectively.It suggests that the decline of PM_(2.5) may not necessarily decrease the health risks and the intrinsic toxicity of PM_(2.5).Variations of OP_(v) and OP_(m) among different periods were related to the different source contributions and environmental conditions.The positive matrix factorization model was used to identify the major sources of OP_(v).OP_(v) was mainly contributed by biomass burning/industrial emissions(29%),soil/road dust(20%),secondary sulfate(14%),and coal combustion(13%)in winter.Different major sources were resolved to be secondary sulfate(36%),biological sources(21%),and marine vessels(20%)in spring,presenting the substantial contribution of biological sources.The analysis shows strong associations between OP_(v) and both live and dead bacteria,further confirming the important contribution of bioaerosols to the enhancement of OP.This study highlights the importance of understanding OP in ambient PM_(2.5) in terms of public health impact and provides a new insight into the biological contribution to OP.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.252300421478)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11975209,U2032211,12075287)。
文摘The high-order deformation effects in even-even^(246,248)No are investigated by means of pairing self-consistent WoodsSaxon-Strutinsky calculations using the potential-energy-surface(PES)approach in an extended deformation space(β_(2),β_(3),β_(4),β_(5),β_(6),β_(7),β_(8)).Based on the calculated two-dimensional projected energy maps and different potential energy curves,we found that the highly even-order deformations have an important impact on both the fission trajectory and energy minima,while the odd-order deformations,accompanying the even-order ones,primarily affect the fission path beyond the second barrier.Relative to the light actinide nuclei,the nuclear ground state changes to the superdeformed configuration,but the normally deformed minimum,as the low-energy shape isomer,may still be primarily responsible for enhancing nuclear stability and ensuring experimental accessibility in^(246,248)No.Our present investigation indicates the nonnegligible impact of high-order deformation effects along the fission valley and will be helpful for deepening the understanding of different deformation effects and deformation couplings in nuclei,especially in this neutron-deficient heavy-mass region.
文摘The published article titled“Truncated Bid Overexpression Induced by Recombinant Adenovirus Cre/LoxP System Suppresses the Tumorigenic Potential of CD133+Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells”has been retracted from Oncology Research,Vol.25,No.4,2017,pp.595–603.
基金supported by the Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(No.236Z4203G)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.BJK2024008)+2 种基金Hebei Provincial Graduate Demonstration Course Project and Construction Project(No.KCJSX2022085)Tangshan Municipal Science and Technology Plan-Key Research and Development Plan project(No.22150231J)the Opening Project of Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention(LAP3)(No.FDLAP20005).
文摘To understand the transmission paths and potential source areas of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))and ozone(O_(3))in Urumqi,using the monitoring data from 2020 to 2022,the pollution characteristics and the transmission paths of PM_(2.5) and O_(3) were studied.Based on the MeteoInfo software,the potential source areas and concentration contributions via the weighted potential source contribution function(WPSCF)and the weighted concentration weighted trajectory(WCWT)were analyzed.Besides,trajectory distribution at different starting heights were compared.The results of the backward trajectory(500 m)showed that the PM_(2.5) and O_(3) clustering trajectories were mainly derived from the northwest and passed through Yining/Ili and Tacheng.The air flow proportion of PM_(2.5) pollution was 44.83%in winter.With the highest pollution concentration(119.2μg/m^(3)),the pollution airflow proportion of O_(3) was 30.52%in summer.According to an analysis of the pressure profile,the atmospheric pressure was below 850 hPa in winter,indicating that the near-surface air mass had a substantial impact on PM_(2.5) concentrations,whereas in summer the pressure for O_(3) rose above 750 hP1,leading to higher pollutant concentrations.The WPSCF/WCWT results of PM_(2.5) demonstrated that the largest potential areas were identified in winter and were mainly distributed in Bozhou,Kuitun,and Shihezi(west of Urumqi,cultivated land/grassland),while the largest potential areas of O_(3) were distributed in Changji(east of Urumqi,barren land)and Turpan(southeast of Urumqi,grassland)in summer.The study indicates that the government should implement stricter measures to control regional transmission and air pollution.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2022YFC3004204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42275001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. ZR2022MD038)。
文摘Explosive cyclones(ECs) are rapidly intensifying subtropical cyclones that can develop within a short time and pose considerable threats to coastal areas in middle and high latitudes.Gaining a comprehensive understanding of their formation,evolution,and mechanisms of explosive development is essential for improving forecasts of extreme weather events and mitigating associated impacts.Potential vorticity(PV),which is closely related to cyclone dynamics,serves as a valuable diagnostic tool in the study of ECs.In this study,two wintertime ECs of differing intensity over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean are analyzed to examine how different atmospheric processes influence PV generation and the rapid development of ECs.The maximum deepening rates of the two ECs are 2.81 Bergeron(called EC1) and 1.52 Bergeron(referred to as EC2).Results indicate that different stages of EC evolution are closely associated with PV tendency changes at different atmospheric levels.Using the PV tendency equation,during the explosive development of EC1,latent heat release may trigger the downward propagation of upper-level PV.For EC2,latent heat release notably enhances low-level PV,directly contributing to its rapid intensification.To validate these findings,sensitivity tests are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model,with latent heat release turned off in the microphysical scheme for both cases.The results confirm the crucial role of latent heat release in generating low-level PV,further revealing that latent heat release contributes more to the explosive development of EC2 than that of EC1.
基金co-funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42372160,42072172)。
文摘The Neogene Shawan Formation in the Chepaizi Uplift of the Junggar Basin(NW China)has obtained high oil flow,demonstrating a good potential for oil and gas exploration.The multi-source hydrocarbon generation background and strong tectonic activity have led to the simultaneous production of heavy oil and light oil from multi-layer in the area,which makes it very difficult to identify oil origins,presently,the hot debate on the oil origins needs to be clarified.In this paper,due to the selective consumption of different types of compounds in crude oils by severe and intense biodegradation,the commonly used oilsource correlation tools are ineffective or may produce misleading results,this study adopted a biomarker recovery method based on the principle of mass conservation that uses the sum of the mass of the residual biomarkers and their corresponding biodegradation products to obtain the mass of the original biomarkers,improving the reliability of oil origins determination.Based on the nature and occurrence of crude oils,the investigated oils are subdivided into three types,Group A,Group B and Group C.Group A,light oils occurred mainly in lower structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift,while Group B,heavy oils occurred mainly in higher structure Neogene Shawan Formation in the western Chepaizi Uplift.The two types of crude oils may come from the mixed source of Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)and Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation source rocks(E_(2-3)a)in the Sikeshu Sag,and Jurassic Badaowan Formation source rocks(J_(1)b)are the main source of crude oils.Group C,heavy oils occurred mainly in Neogene Shawan Formation in the eastern Chepaizi Uplift,showing good correlation with the Permian(P_(1)f and P_(2)w)source rocks in the Shawan Sag.At the same time,by combining stable carbon isotope and parameters related to triaromatic steroids,the accuracy of the oilsource correlation results by biomarker recovery method was further verified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22325602,22521201,22176060,and 22406142)the"National Key R&D Program of China"(SQ2024YFA1211001)+3 种基金the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(23XD1421000)Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry(Heilongjiang University)Ministry of Education(KIM-0-2025017)State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling Foundation(PCRRF250014).
文摘The efficient and sustainable removal of refractory high ionization potential(high-IP)organic pollutants remains challenging due to their redox inertness and poor interfacial electron transfer.Herein,we report a suspended photo-Fenton membrane (2D-C_(3)N_(4)/Fe-N-C/GO) that circumvents these limitations via a self-sufficient oxidant generation pathway,enabling low-carbon abatement of high-IP pollutants.This multifunctional architecture couples the visible-light-driven production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) by two-dimensional carbon nitride(2D-C_(3)N_(4)) with the Fe-N-C mediated adsorption and activation of electron-deficient species via pyridinic N-Fe^(2+)/Fe^(3+) redox pairs.Under light irradiation,photogenerated electrons continuously regenerate Fe^(2+) from Fe^(3+),sustaining reactive oxygen species(·OH)production and promoting efficient oxidative mineralization.The system demonstrates robust long-term performance in both synthetic and real wastewater matrices,achieving superior degradation and chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal.Life cycle assessment(LCA)confirms its environmental superiority over conventional homogeneous Fenton processes,with markedly reduced carbon emissions and ecological impacts.This work offers a mechanistically insightful and practically viable platform for the green,efficient,and durable remediation of high-IP organic pollutants,providing conceptual guidance for next-generation catalytic wastewater treatment technologies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB1507401)Qinghai Province Clean Energy Minerals Special Project(2022013004qj004)Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey (DD20221676, DD20230019)。
文摘The available heat content (stored heat energy) of hot dry rock (HDR) at a depth of 1–10 km in the global land crust is estimated to be 5.06×10~8 EJ,attracting considerable global attention.This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the geological framework,HDR resource potential,exploration advancements,and the development of enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) in China.HDR resources are extensively distributed across China.Within the depth range of 3–10 km,China’s estimated potential approximates2.29×10~7 EJ,with a theoretical power generation capacity of approximately 1.67×10^(16) k Wh.Replacing coal power with HDR can help to achieve a net emission reduction of 1.34×10^(16) kg CO_(2) (approximately1.34×10^(13) t),representing an emission reduction efficiency of 94.4%.Based on a development cycle of100 years,the average annual emission reduction reaches 1.34×10^(10) t CO_(2),equivalent to 117%of China’s annual carbon emissions in 2022.Furthermore,in the context of global warming,the development and utilization of HDR,which is feasible in virtually any region worldwide,offers significant potential to support global carbon reduction efforts.China has made substantial progress in HDR exploration in recent years.This paper systematically classifies China’s HDR resources into four genetic types—highly radioactive heat-producing,sedimentary basin,active volcanic,and intensely tectonic zones—and offers detailed exploration insights for each category.Each classification exhibits distinct geological and tectonic characteristics that influence heat source mechanisms and resource distribution.Furthermore,this paper documents significant advances in EGS construction,particularly in the Gonghe Basin on the northeastern margin of the Qianghai-Xizang Plateau and the Matouying uplift in the North China Basin,where successful reservoir stimulation,microseismic monitoring,and experimental power generation have been achieved.Despite these developments,challenges persist,including technical adaptability under complex geological conditions and the economic viability of large-scale HDR development.This paper suggests that future initiatives should emphasize resource exploration,technological research,and policy support to foster sustainable HDR resource development in China,thereby contributing to the global energy transition and environmental sustainability.
文摘Polymer nanocomposite coatings(PNCCs)are unprecedented generation of coatings engineered for displaying inexpensive and brilliant functional surface coatings with eminent corrosion guard,mechanical resistance,antimicrobial,chemical durability,electrical insulation,and UV aging features.Due to their widely anticipation in petroleum,applications in building,conveyance,aerospace,electronics,automobiles and energy,these multi-functional coatings have a tremendous leverage in human life,all technological and scientific subjects.Numerous applications have been made for multilateral polymers like polyurethane(PU),epoxy(EP),polyaniline(PANI)conductive polymer,polypyrrole(PPy),and etc,on various metallic surfaces especially,carbon steel substrate owing to their excellent resistance properties.Practically,nanomaterials can possess potential in the all-interdisciplinary domains of materials science and engineering,chemical and physical sciences,biological and health sciences.As known,the designed polymer nanocomposite coating paradigm is fundamentally constituted from polymer or resin as a vehicle and inorganic nanofillers(nanoparticles and nanocomposites).Some commercialized and excessively employed nanocontainers in polymer nanocomposite coating formulations,like ZnO,TiO_(2),carbon nanotubes(CNTs),clay,SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),graphene,GO,CeO_(2),ZrO_(2),FeTiO_(3),etc were discussed.The current review covered the chemistry and potential applications of the largest utilized multifunctional polymer nanocomposite coatings such as EP,PU and other considerable PNCCs.Lately,a titanic attention was made for epoxy nanocomposites because of their distinct physicochemical characteristics,which result from the combined qualities of the nanoparticles and polymer material unity.In addition,the author incorporated some of his scientific contributions in this area represented in construction of innovative functional polymer nanocomposites for a variety of uses with high economic,industrial impacts and future orientation.Furthermore,some newly published applications of polymer nanocomposite coatings were incorporated and discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172165,42272143)Project of SINOPEC Science and Technology Department(P24181,KLP24017).
文摘By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale gas,the following understandings have been obtained:(1)Marine,transitional,and lacustrine shales in China are distributed from old to new in geological age,and the complexity of tectonic reworking and hydrocarbon generation evolution processes gradually decreases.(2)The sedimentary environment controls the type of source-reservoir configuration,which is the basis of“hydrocarbon generation and reservoir formation”.The types of source-reservoir configuration in marine and lacustrine shales are mainly source-reservoir integration,with occasional source-reservoir separation.The configuration types of transitional shale are mainly source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir symbiosis.(3)The resistance of rigid minerals to compression for pore preservation and the overpressure facilitate the enrichment of source-reservoir integrated shale gas.Good source reservoir coupling and preservation conditions are crucial for the shale gas enrichment of source-reservoir symbiosis and source-reservoir separation types.(4)Marine shale remains the main battlefield for increasing shale gas reserves and production in China,while transitional and lacustrine shales are expected to become important replacement areas.It is recommended to carry out the shale gas exploration at three levels:Accelerate the exploration of Silurian,Cambrian,and Permian marine shales in the Upper-Middle Yangtze region;make key exploration breakthroughs in ultra-deep marine shales of the Upper-Middle Yangtze region,the new Ordovician marine shale strata in the North China region,the transitional shales of the Carboniferous and Permian,as well as the Mesozoic lacustrine shale gas in basins such as Sichuan,Ordos and Songliao;explore and prepare for new shale gas exploration areas such as South China and Northwest China,providing technology and resource reserves for the sustainable development of shale gas in China.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province,China(No.2023R1014002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471390).
文摘The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothreitol assay,DTT)of PM_(2.5)were investigated in 2017/2018 and 2022 in Xiamen,China.The decrease rate of volume-normalized DTT(DTTv)(38%)was lower than that of PM_(2.5)(55%)between the two sampling periods.However,the mass-normalized DTT(DTTm)increased by 44%.Clear seasonal patterns with higher levels in winter were found for PM_(2.5),most chemical constituents and DTTv but not for DTTm.The large decrease in DTT activity(84%−92%)after the addition of EDTA suggested that watersoluble metals were the main contributors to DTT in Xiamen.The increased gap between the reconstructed and measured DTTv and the stronger correlations between the reconstructed/measured DTT ratio and carbonaceous species in 2022were observed.The decrease rates of the hazard index(32.5%)and lifetime cancer risk(9.1%)differed from those of PM_(2.5)and DTTv due to their different main contributors.The PMF-MLR model showed that the contributions(nmol/(min·m^(3)))of vehicle emission,coal+biomass burning,ship emission and secondary aerosol to DTTv in 2022 decreased by 63.0%,65.2%,66.5%,and 22.2%,respectively,compared to those in 2017/2018,which was consistent with the emission reduction of vehicle exhaust and coal consumption,the adoption of low-sulfur fuel oil used on board ships and the reduced production of WSOC.However,the contributions of dust+sea salt and industrial emission increased.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(No 2021CXGC010803)Pan’an County Chinese Medicine Industry Project(No.PZYF202103).
文摘Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dynamic changes in soil communities,potential bacterial pathogens,and ARG profiles under various organicmaterial treatments during RSD,including distillers’grains,potato peel,peanut vine,and peanut vine combined with charcoal.Results revealed that applying diverse organic materials in RSD significantly altered bacterial community composition and diminished the relative abundance of potential bacterial pathogens(P<0.05).The relative abundance of high-risk ARGs decreased by 10.7%-30.6%after RSD treatments,the main decreased ARG subtypeswere AAC(3)_Via,dfrA1,ErmB,lnuB,aadA.Actinobacteria was the primary host of ARGs and was suppressed by RSD.Soil physicochemical properties,such as total nitrogen,soil pH,total carbon,were crucial factors affecting ARG profiles.Our findings demonstrated that RSD treatment inhibited pathogenic bacteria and could be an option for reducing high-risk ARG proliferation in soil.
基金supported by the CNPC Science and Technology Major Project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan(2021DJ0101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19B600302,41872148)。
文摘The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFC2900100)the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(KK2306)+1 种基金the Geological Survey Project(DD20230360,DD20243483)the Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023NSFSC0798).
文摘Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The zircon U-Pb dating of the Anglonggangri granodiorites revealed ages of 82.8 and 80.8 Ma.Granodiorite samples have SiO2 contents of 64.36-68.33 wt%,with high Sr/Y(55-95)and A/CNK ratios(0.99-1.06).Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values range from−0.3 to+16.2.Two granodiorite samples have(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i values of 0.7034 and 0.7043 and positiveɛNd(t)values of 3.51 and 3.83.These geochemical properties indicate that they are adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of the juvenile thickened lower crust,slightly contaminated with material from the mantle due to the small-scale delamination of the lower crust.The zircons in the granodiorites have moderate Ce/Nd(2.5-43),logfO2(−20.0 to−9.6),andΔFMQ(−1.28 to+4.00)values;low(Ce/Nd)/Y(0.001-0.049)ratios;and high Dy/Yb(0.17-1.16)ratios,which indicate that these granodiorites exhibit moderate oxygen fugacity and lower magma water content than the Miocene Gangdese porphyry copper deposits associated with high-Sr/Y granites.Their ability to create porphyry-type copper deposits could have been hampered by their low magma water content and moderate oxygen fugacity.
基金Supported by Wuxi Taihu Talent Project,No.WXTTP 2021the General Scientific Research Program of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission,No.M202447.
文摘BACKGROUND Research has consistently demonstrated that patients with major depressive disorder(MDD)exhibit attentional switching dysfunction,and the dual-task paradigm has emerged as a valuable tool for probing cognitive deficits.However,the neuroelectrophysiological mechanism underlying this deficit has not been clarified.AIM To investigate the event-related potential(ERP)characteristics of attentional switching dysfunction and further explore the neuroelectrophysiological mechanism of the cognitive processing deficits underlying attentional switching dysfunction in MDD.METHODS The participants included 29 MDD patients and 29 healthy controls(HCs).The ERPs of the participants were measured while they performed the dual-task para digm.The behavioral and ERP N100,P200,P300,and late positive potential(LPP)data were analyzed.RESULTS This study revealed greater accuracy in HCs and slower reaction times(RTs)in MDD patients.Angry facial pictures led to lower accuracy.The results also revealed shorter RTs for happy facial pictures and the longest RTs for the 500-ms stimulus onset asynchrony.With respect to ERP characteristics,happy facial pictures and neutral facial pictures evoked higher amplitudes.The N100,P200,P300,and LPP amplitudes at Pz were the highest.MDD patients had lower P200 mean amplitudes and LPP amplitudes than HCs did.CONCLUSION In conclusion,MDD patients exhibited abnormal ERP characteristics evoked by the dual-task paradigm,which could be the neural correlates of the known abnormalities in attentional switching in patients with MDD.These results provide valuable insights into the understanding of the neural mechanisms of attentional switching function and may guide targeted interventions in patients with MDD.
