In the Northwest Pacific Ocean, the squid jigging fisheries from China, Japan and other countries and regions have targeted the west winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid（Ommastrephes bartramii） from August to N...In the Northwest Pacific Ocean, the squid jigging fisheries from China, Japan and other countries and regions have targeted the west winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid（Ommastrephes bartramii） from August to November since the 1970 s. This squid is a short-lived ecological opportunist with a life-span of about one year,and its population is labile and recruitment variability is driven by the environment or climate change. This variability provides a challenge for ones to forecast the key habitats affected by climate change. The catch data of O. bartramii from Chinese squid jigging fishery and the satellite-derived sea surface temperature（SST） data are used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August to November of 1998 to 2004, the SST preferences of O.bartramii corresponding to high values of catch per fishing day（CPUE） are determined and monthly potential habitats are predicted using a histogram analysis of the SST data. The possible changes in the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean are estimated under four climate change scenarios based on the Fourth Assessment Report（AR4） of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, i.e., 0.5, 1, 2 and 4°C increases in the SST because of the climate change. The results reveal an obvious poleward shift of the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.展开更多
With the continuous development of China's social economy, the demand for natural resources is also increasing day by day. As an important energy source for the economic development of our country, petroleum and c...With the continuous development of China's social economy, the demand for natural resources is also increasing day by day. As an important energy source for the economic development of our country, petroleum and chemical industry in our country is developing continuously with the progress of the society. At present, the petroleum and chemical industry in our country has gradually stepped into the forefront of the world. As a kind of non-renewable resources, oil is an important resource formed by the earth's geological process for thousands of years. Nowadays, the increasing demand for oil resources in the international community has resulted in the depletion of oil resources and the difficulty and complexity of oil exploitation projects. Therefore, under the current social environment of shortage of oil resources, effective measures must be taken to comprehensively enhance the geological exploration in the later stage, so as to fully cover the production benefits of oil field exploitation. This paper will sort out and analyze the geological potential tapping and efficiency enhancement in the later stage of oil field development.展开更多
Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple food crop consumed by more than 30%of world population.Nitrogen(N)fertilizer has been applied broadly in agriculture practice to improve wheat yield to meet the growing demands f...Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple food crop consumed by more than 30%of world population.Nitrogen(N)fertilizer has been applied broadly in agriculture practice to improve wheat yield to meet the growing demands for food production.However,undue N fertilizer application and the low N use efficiency(NUE)of modern wheat varieties are aggravating environmental pollution and ecological deterioration.Under nitrogen-limiting conditions,the rice(Oryza sativa)abnormal cytokinin response1 repressor1(are1)mutant exhibits increased NUE,delayed senescence and consequently,increased grain yield.However,the function of ARE1 ortholog in wheat remains unknown.Here,we isolated and characterized three TaARE1 homoeologs from the elite Chinese winter wheat cultivar ZhengMai 7698.We then used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis to generate a series of transgene-free mutant lines either with partial or triple-null taare1 alleles.All transgene-free mutant lines showed enhanced tolerance to N starvation,and showed delayed senescence and increased grain yield in field conditions.In particular,the AABBdd and aabbDD mutant lines exhibited delayed senescence and significantly increased grain yield without growth defects compared to the wild-type control.Together,our results underscore the potential to manipulate ARE1 orthologs through gene editing for breeding of high-yield wheat as well as other cereal crops with improved NUE.展开更多
The world is at a critical state of limited resources,growing population,and increasing hazard potential.In the near future,geoscientists will be sought to solve these worldwide woes or face the consequences of a dema...The world is at a critical state of limited resources,growing population,and increasing hazard potential.In the near future,geoscientists will be sought to solve these worldwide woes or face the consequences of a demanding public.Cheap,innovative technology and collaboration among several disciplines are needed to proceed forward and solve the difficult questions that humanity as a whole faces.Years of advances and dilemmas in earthquake prediction highlight a theme that stretches through all of geoscience and society:the need for quick solutions to pressing global concerns.展开更多
基金The National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2013BAD13B00the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Project of Ocean under contract No.20155014the Shanghai Universities First-class Disciplines Project(Fisheries)
文摘In the Northwest Pacific Ocean, the squid jigging fisheries from China, Japan and other countries and regions have targeted the west winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid（Ommastrephes bartramii） from August to November since the 1970 s. This squid is a short-lived ecological opportunist with a life-span of about one year,and its population is labile and recruitment variability is driven by the environment or climate change. This variability provides a challenge for ones to forecast the key habitats affected by climate change. The catch data of O. bartramii from Chinese squid jigging fishery and the satellite-derived sea surface temperature（SST） data are used in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August to November of 1998 to 2004, the SST preferences of O.bartramii corresponding to high values of catch per fishing day（CPUE） are determined and monthly potential habitats are predicted using a histogram analysis of the SST data. The possible changes in the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean are estimated under four climate change scenarios based on the Fourth Assessment Report（AR4） of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, i.e., 0.5, 1, 2 and 4°C increases in the SST because of the climate change. The results reveal an obvious poleward shift of the potential habitats of O. bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.
文摘With the continuous development of China's social economy, the demand for natural resources is also increasing day by day. As an important energy source for the economic development of our country, petroleum and chemical industry in our country is developing continuously with the progress of the society. At present, the petroleum and chemical industry in our country has gradually stepped into the forefront of the world. As a kind of non-renewable resources, oil is an important resource formed by the earth's geological process for thousands of years. Nowadays, the increasing demand for oil resources in the international community has resulted in the depletion of oil resources and the difficulty and complexity of oil exploitation projects. Therefore, under the current social environment of shortage of oil resources, effective measures must be taken to comprehensively enhance the geological exploration in the later stage, so as to fully cover the production benefits of oil field exploitation. This paper will sort out and analyze the geological potential tapping and efficiency enhancement in the later stage of oil field development.
基金funded by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFE0202300)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(CAAS-ZDRW202109)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-Profit of Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(S2021ZD03)National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding。
文摘Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)is a staple food crop consumed by more than 30%of world population.Nitrogen(N)fertilizer has been applied broadly in agriculture practice to improve wheat yield to meet the growing demands for food production.However,undue N fertilizer application and the low N use efficiency(NUE)of modern wheat varieties are aggravating environmental pollution and ecological deterioration.Under nitrogen-limiting conditions,the rice(Oryza sativa)abnormal cytokinin response1 repressor1(are1)mutant exhibits increased NUE,delayed senescence and consequently,increased grain yield.However,the function of ARE1 ortholog in wheat remains unknown.Here,we isolated and characterized three TaARE1 homoeologs from the elite Chinese winter wheat cultivar ZhengMai 7698.We then used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis to generate a series of transgene-free mutant lines either with partial or triple-null taare1 alleles.All transgene-free mutant lines showed enhanced tolerance to N starvation,and showed delayed senescence and increased grain yield in field conditions.In particular,the AABBdd and aabbDD mutant lines exhibited delayed senescence and significantly increased grain yield without growth defects compared to the wild-type control.Together,our results underscore the potential to manipulate ARE1 orthologs through gene editing for breeding of high-yield wheat as well as other cereal crops with improved NUE.
文摘The world is at a critical state of limited resources,growing population,and increasing hazard potential.In the near future,geoscientists will be sought to solve these worldwide woes or face the consequences of a demanding public.Cheap,innovative technology and collaboration among several disciplines are needed to proceed forward and solve the difficult questions that humanity as a whole faces.Years of advances and dilemmas in earthquake prediction highlight a theme that stretches through all of geoscience and society:the need for quick solutions to pressing global concerns.
