We obtain an approximate value of the quantized momentum eigenvalues, <em>P<sub>n</sub></em>, together with the space-like coherent eigenvectors for the space-like counterpart of the Schr<sp...We obtain an approximate value of the quantized momentum eigenvalues, <em>P<sub>n</sub></em>, together with the space-like coherent eigenvectors for the space-like counterpart of the Schr<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ö</span>dinger equation, the Feinberg-Horodecki equation, with a screened Kratzer-Hellmann potential which is constructed by the temporal counterpart of the spatial form of this potential. In addition, we got exact eigenvalues of the momentum and the eigenstates by solving Feinberg-Horodecki equation with Kratzer potential. The present work is illustrated with three special cases of the screened Kratzer-Hellman potential: the time-dependent screened Kratzer potential, time-dependent Hellmann potential and, the time-dependent screened Coulomb potential.展开更多
By extending the concept of diffusion to the potential energy landscapes(PELs), we introduce the meansquared energy difference(MSED) as a novel quantity to investigate the intrinsic properties of supercooled liquids. ...By extending the concept of diffusion to the potential energy landscapes(PELs), we introduce the meansquared energy difference(MSED) as a novel quantity to investigate the intrinsic properties of supercooled liquids. MSED can provide a clear description of the “energy relaxation” process on a PEL. Through MSED analysis, we have obtained a characteristic time similar to that derived from structure analysis, namely τ_(α)^(*).Further, we establish a connection between MSED and the feature of PELs, providing a concise and quantitative description of PELs. The relaxation behavior of energy has been found to follow a stretched exponential form.As the temperature decreases, the roughness of the accessible PEL changes significantly around a characteristic temperature T_(x), which is 20% higher than the glass transition temperature T_(g) and is comparable to the critical temperature of the mode-coupling theory. More importantly, one of the PEL parameters is closely related to the Adam–Gibbs configurational entropy. The present research, which directly links the PEL to the relaxation process, provides avenues for further research of glasses.展开更多
Green roofs play a vital role in promoting sustainable urban development and achieving carbon neutrality by enhancing carbon sequestration, oxygen release, and efficiency of land use. Despite these benefits, living ro...Green roofs play a vital role in promoting sustainable urban development and achieving carbon neutrality by enhancing carbon sequestration, oxygen release, and efficiency of land use. Despite these benefits, living roof coverage in China remains limited. To address the challenges in policy formulation, operational monitoring, and the absence of multi-scale retrofit strategies supported by robust assessment methods, this study develops a comprehensive evaluation framework. The framework integrates vector data, building age information, and point-of-interest(POI) data, and applies an optimized Prophet model to classify six major climate zones. This approach facilitates the selection of appropriate plant species and substrates while quantifying the potential for carbon sequestration and oxygen release. An assessment of 90 cities reveals approximately 1.3861 billion square meters of rooftop area suitable for green roof implementation, with an estimated annual carbon sequestration potential of 67.30 million tons and oxygen release of 30.36 million tons. Commercial buildings contribute significantly, comprising 65% of the total suitable area. Climate zones 2 and 3 exhibit the most favorable outcomes. The current study provides a reliable quantitative reference for evaluating the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacities of green roofs and supports the formulation of effective retrofit policies.展开更多
Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few stud...Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few studies on complete and accurate cropland suitability assessments on the QTP,let alone on identifying key potential areas for cropland development.We used a novel assessment model to generate a 30-m cropland suitability map for the QTP.The identification of areas with cropland development potential and the evaluation of potentially available cropland were further integrated into a unified analytical framework.We found that only 10.18%of the study area is suitable for large-scale and permanent cropland.Moreover,approximately 72.75%of the existing cropland was found to be distributed in suitable or marginally suitable areas.Considering the trade-offs related to irrigation water supply convenience,approximately 1.07%of the study area was identified as having high potential for cropland development.Four key potential areas were further identified:the Shannan Valley,the Nyingchi Valley,the Zanda Valley,and the Gonghe Basin.These areas boast abundant potentially available cropland resources and ecological resettlement capacities,which leads us to recommend strategic priorities for comprehensive land consolidation and water development.This study has practical significance for optimizing land resource allocation and guiding decision-making related to ecological migration on the QTP.展开更多
We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-ex...We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential.Then,by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre,we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.展开更多
Recursively embedded atom neural network(REANN)is a general-purpose atomistic machine learning software package for representing potential energy and other physical properties.The original REANN 1.0 architecture is a ...Recursively embedded atom neural network(REANN)is a general-purpose atomistic machine learning software package for representing potential energy and other physical properties.The original REANN 1.0 architecture is a physically inspired invariant message passing neural network,which was designed for systems with a limited number of elements.It is efficient but hardly transferable to more complex multi-element systems.In this work,we release REANN 2.0 aimed at multi-element systems and universal potentials,which integrates element embedding and equivariant representation.Compared to the first version,REANN 2.0 demonstrates enhanced ele-ment transferability and higher accuracy across various periodic systems with higher efficiency.Built upon this framework,a pre-trained REANN-MPtrj model without fine-tuning accurately predicts the lithium-ion diffusion dynamics in a benchmark solid-state electrolyte Li_(3)YCl_(6).We hope this open-source software package will facilitate the development of computationally efficient universal potentials in the future.展开更多
BACKGROUND Magnesium(Mg^(2+))plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes,including enzymatic reactions,DNA replication,oxidative stress response,and cytoskeletal dynamics.In fact,dysregulation of Mg^(2+)ho...BACKGROUND Magnesium(Mg^(2+))plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes,including enzymatic reactions,DNA replication,oxidative stress response,and cytoskeletal dynamics.In fact,dysregulation of Mg^(2+)homeostasis has been increasingly associated with the development and progression of cancer,particularly colorectal cancer(CRC).Transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM)channels,especially TRPM6 and TRPM7,are essential regulators of epithelial Mg^(2+)influx.While TRPM7 promotes CRC progression,the role of TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role of membrane-localized TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels in Mg^(2+)influx,spheroid(SP)formation,stemness,and migration.METHODS We used parental and SP-derived HT-29 cells at comparable passages as in vitro models.Mass spectrometry confirmed full-length sequences,phosphorylation,and methionine oxidation of TRPM6 and TRPM7.Mg^(2+)influx,total and free Mg^(2+)levels were measured by fluorescence imaging and biochemical assays.TRPM6/TRPM7 expression and markers were analyzed by western blot.Func-tional assays,including secondary SP formation and wound healing,assessed stemness and migration.Cells were treated with Mg^(2+)transport inhibitors:Co(III)hexamine,2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate(TRPM6/7 blocker),and Mesendogen(TRPM6 inhibitor).RESULTS The expression of membrane-bound TRPM6,TRPM7,and TRPM6/7 was significantly higher in SP cells than in parental cells.Mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the presence of full-length TRPM6 and TRPM7 with increased phosphorylation and oxidation in SP cells.Enhanced Mg^(2+)influx and total intracellular Mg^(2+)levels were observed in SP cells.Free ionized intracellular Mg^(2+)levels remained comparable across all experimental groups.Pharmacological inhibition of TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 significantly reduced Mg^(2+)influx,decreased total Mg^(2+)content,compromised CRC SP stability,abolished cancer stem-like properties,impaired cell migration,and downregulated pro-tumorigenic markers,including Nanog,cyclooxygenase-2,and matrix metalloproteinase-9.CONCLUSION Membrane-localized TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels regulate Mg^(2+)influx and promote CRC stemness,SP stability,and migration,highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets to inhibit CRC progression and metastasis.展开更多
By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale ga...By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale gas,the following understandings have been obtained:(1)Marine,transitional,and lacustrine shales in China are distributed from old to new in geological age,and the complexity of tectonic reworking and hydrocarbon generation evolution processes gradually decreases.(2)The sedimentary environment controls the type of source-reservoir configuration,which is the basis of“hydrocarbon generation and reservoir formation”.The types of source-reservoir configuration in marine and lacustrine shales are mainly source-reservoir integration,with occasional source-reservoir separation.The configuration types of transitional shale are mainly source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir symbiosis.(3)The resistance of rigid minerals to compression for pore preservation and the overpressure facilitate the enrichment of source-reservoir integrated shale gas.Good source reservoir coupling and preservation conditions are crucial for the shale gas enrichment of source-reservoir symbiosis and source-reservoir separation types.(4)Marine shale remains the main battlefield for increasing shale gas reserves and production in China,while transitional and lacustrine shales are expected to become important replacement areas.It is recommended to carry out the shale gas exploration at three levels:Accelerate the exploration of Silurian,Cambrian,and Permian marine shales in the Upper-Middle Yangtze region;make key exploration breakthroughs in ultra-deep marine shales of the Upper-Middle Yangtze region,the new Ordovician marine shale strata in the North China region,the transitional shales of the Carboniferous and Permian,as well as the Mesozoic lacustrine shale gas in basins such as Sichuan,Ordos and Songliao;explore and prepare for new shale gas exploration areas such as South China and Northwest China,providing technology and resource reserves for the sustainable development of shale gas in China.展开更多
Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dyn...Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dynamic changes in soil communities,potential bacterial pathogens,and ARG profiles under various organicmaterial treatments during RSD,including distillers’grains,potato peel,peanut vine,and peanut vine combined with charcoal.Results revealed that applying diverse organic materials in RSD significantly altered bacterial community composition and diminished the relative abundance of potential bacterial pathogens(P<0.05).The relative abundance of high-risk ARGs decreased by 10.7%-30.6%after RSD treatments,the main decreased ARG subtypeswere AAC(3)_Via,dfrA1,ErmB,lnuB,aadA.Actinobacteria was the primary host of ARGs and was suppressed by RSD.Soil physicochemical properties,such as total nitrogen,soil pH,total carbon,were crucial factors affecting ARG profiles.Our findings demonstrated that RSD treatment inhibited pathogenic bacteria and could be an option for reducing high-risk ARG proliferation in soil.展开更多
The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Pa...The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.展开更多
The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothr...The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothreitol assay,DTT)of PM_(2.5)were investigated in 2017/2018 and 2022 in Xiamen,China.The decrease rate of volume-normalized DTT(DTTv)(38%)was lower than that of PM_(2.5)(55%)between the two sampling periods.However,the mass-normalized DTT(DTTm)increased by 44%.Clear seasonal patterns with higher levels in winter were found for PM_(2.5),most chemical constituents and DTTv but not for DTTm.The large decrease in DTT activity(84%−92%)after the addition of EDTA suggested that watersoluble metals were the main contributors to DTT in Xiamen.The increased gap between the reconstructed and measured DTTv and the stronger correlations between the reconstructed/measured DTT ratio and carbonaceous species in 2022were observed.The decrease rates of the hazard index(32.5%)and lifetime cancer risk(9.1%)differed from those of PM_(2.5)and DTTv due to their different main contributors.The PMF-MLR model showed that the contributions(nmol/(min·m^(3)))of vehicle emission,coal+biomass burning,ship emission and secondary aerosol to DTTv in 2022 decreased by 63.0%,65.2%,66.5%,and 22.2%,respectively,compared to those in 2017/2018,which was consistent with the emission reduction of vehicle exhaust and coal consumption,the adoption of low-sulfur fuel oil used on board ships and the reduced production of WSOC.However,the contributions of dust+sea salt and industrial emission increased.展开更多
Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The z...Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The zircon U-Pb dating of the Anglonggangri granodiorites revealed ages of 82.8 and 80.8 Ma.Granodiorite samples have SiO2 contents of 64.36-68.33 wt%,with high Sr/Y(55-95)and A/CNK ratios(0.99-1.06).Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values range from−0.3 to+16.2.Two granodiorite samples have(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i values of 0.7034 and 0.7043 and positiveɛNd(t)values of 3.51 and 3.83.These geochemical properties indicate that they are adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of the juvenile thickened lower crust,slightly contaminated with material from the mantle due to the small-scale delamination of the lower crust.The zircons in the granodiorites have moderate Ce/Nd(2.5-43),logfO2(−20.0 to−9.6),andΔFMQ(−1.28 to+4.00)values;low(Ce/Nd)/Y(0.001-0.049)ratios;and high Dy/Yb(0.17-1.16)ratios,which indicate that these granodiorites exhibit moderate oxygen fugacity and lower magma water content than the Miocene Gangdese porphyry copper deposits associated with high-Sr/Y granites.Their ability to create porphyry-type copper deposits could have been hampered by their low magma water content and moderate oxygen fugacity.展开更多
Influenza,a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease caused by an influenza virus,is a threat to public health worldwide.Avian influenza viruses(AIVs)have the potential to cause the next pandemic by crossing t...Influenza,a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease caused by an influenza virus,is a threat to public health worldwide.Avian influenza viruses(AIVs)have the potential to cause the next pandemic by crossing the species barrier through mutation of viral genome.Here,we investigated the pathogenicity of AIVs obtained from South Korea and Mongolia during 2018–2019 by measuring viral titers in the lungs and extrapulmonary organs of mouse models.In addition,we assessed the pathogenicity of AIVs in ferret models.Moreover,we compared the ability of viruses to replicate in mammalian cells,as well as the receptor-binding preferences of AIV isolates.Genetic analyses were finally performed to identify the genetic relationships and amino acid substitutions between viral proteins during mammalian adaptation.Of the 24 AIV isolates tested,A/Mallard/South Korea/KNU2019-34/2019(KNU19-34;H1N1)caused severe bodyweight loss and high mortality in mice.The virus replicated in the lungs,kidneys,and heart.Importantly,KNU19-34-infected ferrets showed high viral loads in both nasal washes and lungs.KNU19-34 replicated rapidly in A549 and bound preferentially to human likeα2,6-linked sialic acids rather than to avian-likeα2,3-linked sialic acids,similar to the pandemic A/California/04/2009(H1N1)strain.Gene segments of KNU19-34 were distributed in Egypt and Asia lineages from 2015 to 2018,and the virus had several amino acid substitutions compared to H1N1 AIV isolates that were non-pathogenic in mice.Collectively,the data suggest that KNU19-34 has zoonotic potential and the possibility of new mutations responsible for mammalian adaptation.展开更多
Rationally regulating the porosity of hard carbon(HC),especially the closed pores matching the low potential plateau and the ultra-microporous structure suitable for Na+embedding,has been shown to be the key to improv...Rationally regulating the porosity of hard carbon(HC),especially the closed pores matching the low potential plateau and the ultra-microporous structure suitable for Na+embedding,has been shown to be the key to improving the sodium storage performance and initial coulombic efficiency(ICE).However,the preparation of such HC materials with specific pore structures still faces great challenges.Herein,a simple pre-oxidation strategy is employed to construct abundant closed ultra-microporous structures in soy protein powder-derived HC material,achieving a significant improvement in its ICE and platform capacity.The pre-oxidation process promotes the cross-linking degree of the soy protein,thereby hindering the directional growth of graphite domains during the carbonization process.The optimized HC exhibits ultra-high platform capacity(329 mAh g^(-1))and considerable energy density(148.5 Wh kg^(-1)).Based on the ex-situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization results,the excellent sodium storage capacity of the HC material is attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption-intercalation/filling.The presented work provides novel insights into the synthesis of other biomass-derived HC materials with abundant closed ultra-micro pores.展开更多
Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent ...Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials ...Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials for SIBs are mainly used as cathodes because of their relatively high redox potentials(>1 V).Organic electrodes with low redox potential that can be used as anode are rare.Herein,a novel organic anode material (tetrasodium 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate,Na_(4)TDC) has been developed with low redox potential (<0.7 V) and excellent cyclic stability.Its three-sodium storage mechanism was demonstrated with various in-situ/ex-situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations,showing a high capacity of 208 mAh/g and an average decay rate of merely 0.022%per cycle.Moreover,the Na_(4)TDC-hard carbon composite can further acquire improved capacity and cycling stability for 1200 cycles even with a high mass loading of up to 20 mg cm^(-2).By pairing with a thick Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode (20.6 mg cm^(-2)),the as-fabricated full cell exhibited high operating voltage (2.8 V),excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 88.7% after 200 cycles,well highlighting the Na_(4)TDC anode material for SIBs.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pat...OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pathway.METHODS:Qualitative analysis of HWJNG was analysis by high performance of liquid and gas chromatography.In vivo,animal model of non-erosive reflux disease(NERD)was established by fructose intake and restraint stress.HWJNG and Omeprazole were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group.Reflux and visceral hypersensitivity were analyzed by pathological changes,PH value test,mechanical paw withdrawal threshold,thermal withdrawal latency and mast cells(MCs)degranulation.In vitro,substance P(SP)-induced P815 cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)cells were cocultured.Expression in both mice and cells of STIM1,TRPV1,and esophageal visceral hypersensitivity-related gastrointestinal neurochemicals were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot.Moreover,overexpression and small interfering RNA against STIM1 were utilized to verify of the role of HWJNG in DRG cells.RESULTS:HWJNG significantly suppressed intercellular space widening,injury of mitochondrial,MCs degranulation,mechanical allodynia and heat neuropathic sensory and increased pH value of esophageal mucosa in NERD mice.HWJNG inhibited expression of visceral hypersensitivityrelated gastrointestinal neurochemicals in esophageal mucosa and activated P815 cells,and expression of the STIM1,TRPV1 and related neurotransmitters in DRG and DRG cells.STIM1 siRNA and HWJNG both reduced P815 cells adhesion to DRGs cells and Ca2+flow into the cytoplasmic space of DRG cells.Furthermore,HWJNG could reversed STIM1 overexpression induced upregulation of TRPV1.CONCLUSION:HWJNG suppressed intercellular space widening in NERD mice,stabilized MCs and restored neuronal hyperexcitability by regulating visceral hypersensitivity via STIM1/TRPV1 pathway.展开更多
With the rapid economic development and continuous expansion of human activities,forest degradation—characterized by reduced forest stock within the forest including declining carbon storage—poses significant threat...With the rapid economic development and continuous expansion of human activities,forest degradation—characterized by reduced forest stock within the forest including declining carbon storage—poses significant threats to ecosystem stability.Understanding the current status of forest degradation and assessing potential carbon stocks in China are of strategic importance for making forest restoration efforts and enhancing carbon sequestration capacity.In this study,we used the national forest inventory data from 2009 to 2018 to develop a set of standard measures for assessing degraded forests across China,based on five key indicators:forest accumulation growth rate(FAGR),forest recruitment rate(FRR),tree species reduction rate(TSRR),forest canopy cover reduction rate(FCCRR),and forest disaster level(FDL).Additionally,we estimated standing carbon stock,potential carbon stock,and theoretical space to grow by developing a stand growth model,which accounts for stand density across different site classes,to evaluate the restoration potential of degraded forests.The results indicate that degraded forest area in China is 36.15 million hectares,accounting for 20.10% of a total forest area.Standing carbon stock and potential carbon stock of degraded forests in China are 23.93 million tons and 61.90 million tons,respectively.Overall,degraded forest varies significantly across different regions.The results highlight the important trade-offs among environmental factors,policy decisions,and forest conditions,providing a robust foundation for developing measures to enhance forest quality.展开更多
The local structure and thermophysical behavior of Mg-La liquid alloys were in-depth understood using deep potential molecular dynamic(DPMD) simulation driven via machine learning to promote the development of Mg-La a...The local structure and thermophysical behavior of Mg-La liquid alloys were in-depth understood using deep potential molecular dynamic(DPMD) simulation driven via machine learning to promote the development of Mg-La alloys. The robustness of the trained deep potential(DP) model was thoroughly evaluated through several aspects, including root-mean-square errors(RMSEs), energy and force data, and structural information comparison results;the results indicate the carefully trained DP model is reliable. The component and temperature dependence of the local structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy was analyzed. The effect of Mg content in the system on the first coordination shell of the atomic pairs is the same as that of temperature. The pre-peak demonstrated in the structure factor indicates the presence of a medium-range ordered structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy, which is particularly pronounced in the 80at% Mg system and disappears at elevated temperatures. The density, self-diffusion coefficient, and shear viscosity for the Mg-La liquid alloy were predicted via DPMD simulation, the evolution patterns with Mg content and temperature were subsequently discussed, and a database was established accordingly. Finally, the mixing enthalpy and elemental activity of the Mg-La liquid alloy at 1200 K were reliably evaluated,which provides new guidance for related studies.展开更多
The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of pre...The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of previously replication-competent cells.展开更多
文摘We obtain an approximate value of the quantized momentum eigenvalues, <em>P<sub>n</sub></em>, together with the space-like coherent eigenvectors for the space-like counterpart of the Schr<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ö</span>dinger equation, the Feinberg-Horodecki equation, with a screened Kratzer-Hellmann potential which is constructed by the temporal counterpart of the spatial form of this potential. In addition, we got exact eigenvalues of the momentum and the eigenstates by solving Feinberg-Horodecki equation with Kratzer potential. The present work is illustrated with three special cases of the screened Kratzer-Hellman potential: the time-dependent screened Kratzer potential, time-dependent Hellmann potential and, the time-dependent screened Coulomb potential.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFA1404603)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12274127 and 12188101)。
文摘By extending the concept of diffusion to the potential energy landscapes(PELs), we introduce the meansquared energy difference(MSED) as a novel quantity to investigate the intrinsic properties of supercooled liquids. MSED can provide a clear description of the “energy relaxation” process on a PEL. Through MSED analysis, we have obtained a characteristic time similar to that derived from structure analysis, namely τ_(α)^(*).Further, we establish a connection between MSED and the feature of PELs, providing a concise and quantitative description of PELs. The relaxation behavior of energy has been found to follow a stretched exponential form.As the temperature decreases, the roughness of the accessible PEL changes significantly around a characteristic temperature T_(x), which is 20% higher than the glass transition temperature T_(g) and is comparable to the critical temperature of the mode-coupling theory. More importantly, one of the PEL parameters is closely related to the Adam–Gibbs configurational entropy. The present research, which directly links the PEL to the relaxation process, provides avenues for further research of glasses.
文摘Green roofs play a vital role in promoting sustainable urban development and achieving carbon neutrality by enhancing carbon sequestration, oxygen release, and efficiency of land use. Despite these benefits, living roof coverage in China remains limited. To address the challenges in policy formulation, operational monitoring, and the absence of multi-scale retrofit strategies supported by robust assessment methods, this study develops a comprehensive evaluation framework. The framework integrates vector data, building age information, and point-of-interest(POI) data, and applies an optimized Prophet model to classify six major climate zones. This approach facilitates the selection of appropriate plant species and substrates while quantifying the potential for carbon sequestration and oxygen release. An assessment of 90 cities reveals approximately 1.3861 billion square meters of rooftop area suitable for green roof implementation, with an estimated annual carbon sequestration potential of 67.30 million tons and oxygen release of 30.36 million tons. Commercial buildings contribute significantly, comprising 65% of the total suitable area. Climate zones 2 and 3 exhibit the most favorable outcomes. The current study provides a reliable quantitative reference for evaluating the carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacities of green roofs and supports the formulation of effective retrofit policies.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research ProgramNo.2019QZKK0406。
文摘Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few studies on complete and accurate cropland suitability assessments on the QTP,let alone on identifying key potential areas for cropland development.We used a novel assessment model to generate a 30-m cropland suitability map for the QTP.The identification of areas with cropland development potential and the evaluation of potentially available cropland were further integrated into a unified analytical framework.We found that only 10.18%of the study area is suitable for large-scale and permanent cropland.Moreover,approximately 72.75%of the existing cropland was found to be distributed in suitable or marginally suitable areas.Considering the trade-offs related to irrigation water supply convenience,approximately 1.07%of the study area was identified as having high potential for cropland development.Four key potential areas were further identified:the Shannan Valley,the Nyingchi Valley,the Zanda Valley,and the Gonghe Basin.These areas boast abundant potentially available cropland resources and ecological resettlement capacities,which leads us to recommend strategic priorities for comprehensive land consolidation and water development.This study has practical significance for optimizing land resource allocation and guiding decision-making related to ecological migration on the QTP.
文摘We study the confinement of a spinless charged particle to a spherical quantum dot under the influence of a linear electric field.The spherical quantum dot is described by a short-range potential given by the power-exponential potential.Then,by analysing the region near the spherical quantum dot centre,we discuss two cases where the energy levels can be obtained for s-waves and how the linear electric field modifies the spectrum of energy of the spherical quantum dot.
基金the support by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0450101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22325304,22221003 and 22033007)。
文摘Recursively embedded atom neural network(REANN)is a general-purpose atomistic machine learning software package for representing potential energy and other physical properties.The original REANN 1.0 architecture is a physically inspired invariant message passing neural network,which was designed for systems with a limited number of elements.It is efficient but hardly transferable to more complex multi-element systems.In this work,we release REANN 2.0 aimed at multi-element systems and universal potentials,which integrates element embedding and equivariant representation.Compared to the first version,REANN 2.0 demonstrates enhanced ele-ment transferability and higher accuracy across various periodic systems with higher efficiency.Built upon this framework,a pre-trained REANN-MPtrj model without fine-tuning accurately predicts the lithium-ion diffusion dynamics in a benchmark solid-state electrolyte Li_(3)YCl_(6).We hope this open-source software package will facilitate the development of computationally efficient universal potentials in the future.
基金Supported by Burapha University,Thailand Science Research and Innovation,and National Science Research and Innovation Fund,No.53/2567.
文摘BACKGROUND Magnesium(Mg^(2+))plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular processes,including enzymatic reactions,DNA replication,oxidative stress response,and cytoskeletal dynamics.In fact,dysregulation of Mg^(2+)homeostasis has been increasingly associated with the development and progression of cancer,particularly colorectal cancer(CRC).Transient receptor potential melastatin(TRPM)channels,especially TRPM6 and TRPM7,are essential regulators of epithelial Mg^(2+)influx.While TRPM7 promotes CRC progression,the role of TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels remains unclear.AIM To investigate the role of membrane-localized TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels in Mg^(2+)influx,spheroid(SP)formation,stemness,and migration.METHODS We used parental and SP-derived HT-29 cells at comparable passages as in vitro models.Mass spectrometry confirmed full-length sequences,phosphorylation,and methionine oxidation of TRPM6 and TRPM7.Mg^(2+)influx,total and free Mg^(2+)levels were measured by fluorescence imaging and biochemical assays.TRPM6/TRPM7 expression and markers were analyzed by western blot.Func-tional assays,including secondary SP formation and wound healing,assessed stemness and migration.Cells were treated with Mg^(2+)transport inhibitors:Co(III)hexamine,2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate(TRPM6/7 blocker),and Mesendogen(TRPM6 inhibitor).RESULTS The expression of membrane-bound TRPM6,TRPM7,and TRPM6/7 was significantly higher in SP cells than in parental cells.Mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the presence of full-length TRPM6 and TRPM7 with increased phosphorylation and oxidation in SP cells.Enhanced Mg^(2+)influx and total intracellular Mg^(2+)levels were observed in SP cells.Free ionized intracellular Mg^(2+)levels remained comparable across all experimental groups.Pharmacological inhibition of TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 significantly reduced Mg^(2+)influx,decreased total Mg^(2+)content,compromised CRC SP stability,abolished cancer stem-like properties,impaired cell migration,and downregulated pro-tumorigenic markers,including Nanog,cyclooxygenase-2,and matrix metalloproteinase-9.CONCLUSION Membrane-localized TRPM6 and TRPM6/7 channels regulate Mg^(2+)influx and promote CRC stemness,SP stability,and migration,highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets to inhibit CRC progression and metastasis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42172165,42272143)Project of SINOPEC Science and Technology Department(P24181,KLP24017).
文摘By reviewing the research progress and exploration practices of shale gas geology in China,analyzing and summarizing the geological characteristics,enrichment laws,and resource potential of different types of shale gas,the following understandings have been obtained:(1)Marine,transitional,and lacustrine shales in China are distributed from old to new in geological age,and the complexity of tectonic reworking and hydrocarbon generation evolution processes gradually decreases.(2)The sedimentary environment controls the type of source-reservoir configuration,which is the basis of“hydrocarbon generation and reservoir formation”.The types of source-reservoir configuration in marine and lacustrine shales are mainly source-reservoir integration,with occasional source-reservoir separation.The configuration types of transitional shale are mainly source-reservoir integration and source-reservoir symbiosis.(3)The resistance of rigid minerals to compression for pore preservation and the overpressure facilitate the enrichment of source-reservoir integrated shale gas.Good source reservoir coupling and preservation conditions are crucial for the shale gas enrichment of source-reservoir symbiosis and source-reservoir separation types.(4)Marine shale remains the main battlefield for increasing shale gas reserves and production in China,while transitional and lacustrine shales are expected to become important replacement areas.It is recommended to carry out the shale gas exploration at three levels:Accelerate the exploration of Silurian,Cambrian,and Permian marine shales in the Upper-Middle Yangtze region;make key exploration breakthroughs in ultra-deep marine shales of the Upper-Middle Yangtze region,the new Ordovician marine shale strata in the North China region,the transitional shales of the Carboniferous and Permian,as well as the Mesozoic lacustrine shale gas in basins such as Sichuan,Ordos and Songliao;explore and prepare for new shale gas exploration areas such as South China and Northwest China,providing technology and resource reserves for the sustainable development of shale gas in China.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China(No 2021CXGC010803)Pan’an County Chinese Medicine Industry Project(No.PZYF202103).
文摘Reductive soil disinfestation(RSD)is commonly employed for soil remediation in greenhouse cultivation.However,its influence on antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil remains uncertain.This study investigated the dynamic changes in soil communities,potential bacterial pathogens,and ARG profiles under various organicmaterial treatments during RSD,including distillers’grains,potato peel,peanut vine,and peanut vine combined with charcoal.Results revealed that applying diverse organic materials in RSD significantly altered bacterial community composition and diminished the relative abundance of potential bacterial pathogens(P<0.05).The relative abundance of high-risk ARGs decreased by 10.7%-30.6%after RSD treatments,the main decreased ARG subtypeswere AAC(3)_Via,dfrA1,ErmB,lnuB,aadA.Actinobacteria was the primary host of ARGs and was suppressed by RSD.Soil physicochemical properties,such as total nitrogen,soil pH,total carbon,were crucial factors affecting ARG profiles.Our findings demonstrated that RSD treatment inhibited pathogenic bacteria and could be an option for reducing high-risk ARG proliferation in soil.
基金supported by the CNPC Science and Technology Major Project of the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan(2021DJ0101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19B600302,41872148)。
文摘The Early Cambrian Yuertusi Formation(Є_(1)y)in the Tarim Basin of China deposits a continuously developed suite of organic-rich black mudstones,which constitute an important source of oil and gas reservoirs in the Paleozoic.However,its hydrocarbon generation and evolution characteristics and resource potential have long been constrained by deeply buried strata and previous research.In this paper,based on the newly obtained ultra-deep well drilling data,the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model ofЄ_(1)y shale was established by using data-driven Monte Carlo simulation,upon which the hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and retention amounts were calculated by using the diagenetic method.The research indicates that theЄ_(1)y shale reaches the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion threshold at equivalent vitrinite reflectances of 0.46%and 0.72%,respectively.The cumulative hydrocarbon generation is 68.88×10^(10)t,the cumulative hydrocarbon expulsion is 35.59×10^(10)t,and the cumulative residual hydrocarbon is 33.29×10^(10)t.This paper systematically and quantitatively calculates the hydrocarbon expulsion at various key geological periods for theЄ_(1)y source rocks in the study area for the first time,more precisely confirming that the black shale of theЄ_(1)y is the most significant source rock contributing to the marine oil and gas resources in the Tarim Basin,filling the gap in hydrocarbon expulsion calculation in the study area,and providing an important basis for the formation and distribution of Paleozoic hydrocarbon reservoirs.The prospect of deep ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Tarim Basin is promising.Especially,the large area of dolomite reservoirs under the Cambrian salt and source rock interiors are the key breakthrough targets for the next exploration in the Tarim Basin.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province,China(No.2023R1014002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471390).
文摘The toxicity of PM_(2.5)does not necessarily change synchronously with its mass concentration.In this study,the chemical composition(carbonaceous species,water-soluble ions,and metals)and oxidative potential(dithiothreitol assay,DTT)of PM_(2.5)were investigated in 2017/2018 and 2022 in Xiamen,China.The decrease rate of volume-normalized DTT(DTTv)(38%)was lower than that of PM_(2.5)(55%)between the two sampling periods.However,the mass-normalized DTT(DTTm)increased by 44%.Clear seasonal patterns with higher levels in winter were found for PM_(2.5),most chemical constituents and DTTv but not for DTTm.The large decrease in DTT activity(84%−92%)after the addition of EDTA suggested that watersoluble metals were the main contributors to DTT in Xiamen.The increased gap between the reconstructed and measured DTTv and the stronger correlations between the reconstructed/measured DTT ratio and carbonaceous species in 2022were observed.The decrease rates of the hazard index(32.5%)and lifetime cancer risk(9.1%)differed from those of PM_(2.5)and DTTv due to their different main contributors.The PMF-MLR model showed that the contributions(nmol/(min·m^(3)))of vehicle emission,coal+biomass burning,ship emission and secondary aerosol to DTTv in 2022 decreased by 63.0%,65.2%,66.5%,and 22.2%,respectively,compared to those in 2017/2018,which was consistent with the emission reduction of vehicle exhaust and coal consumption,the adoption of low-sulfur fuel oil used on board ships and the reduced production of WSOC.However,the contributions of dust+sea salt and industrial emission increased.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(2021YFC2900100)the Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences(KK2306)+1 种基金the Geological Survey Project(DD20230360,DD20243483)the Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023NSFSC0798).
文摘Multiple instances of the Late Cretaceous granodiorites within the Anglonggangri region of the northwestern Lhasa Block were identified,their petrogenesis were explored and mineralization potential were assessed.The zircon U-Pb dating of the Anglonggangri granodiorites revealed ages of 82.8 and 80.8 Ma.Granodiorite samples have SiO2 contents of 64.36-68.33 wt%,with high Sr/Y(55-95)and A/CNK ratios(0.99-1.06).Zirconε_(Hf)(t)values range from−0.3 to+16.2.Two granodiorite samples have(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i values of 0.7034 and 0.7043 and positiveɛNd(t)values of 3.51 and 3.83.These geochemical properties indicate that they are adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of the juvenile thickened lower crust,slightly contaminated with material from the mantle due to the small-scale delamination of the lower crust.The zircons in the granodiorites have moderate Ce/Nd(2.5-43),logfO2(−20.0 to−9.6),andΔFMQ(−1.28 to+4.00)values;low(Ce/Nd)/Y(0.001-0.049)ratios;and high Dy/Yb(0.17-1.16)ratios,which indicate that these granodiorites exhibit moderate oxygen fugacity and lower magma water content than the Miocene Gangdese porphyry copper deposits associated with high-Sr/Y granites.Their ability to create porphyry-type copper deposits could have been hampered by their low magma water content and moderate oxygen fugacity.
基金funded by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(2018M3A9H4055203 and 2023R1A2C2003679)from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare,Republic of Korea(HV23C1857)from KRIBB Research Initiative Program(KGM9942421).
文摘Influenza,a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease caused by an influenza virus,is a threat to public health worldwide.Avian influenza viruses(AIVs)have the potential to cause the next pandemic by crossing the species barrier through mutation of viral genome.Here,we investigated the pathogenicity of AIVs obtained from South Korea and Mongolia during 2018–2019 by measuring viral titers in the lungs and extrapulmonary organs of mouse models.In addition,we assessed the pathogenicity of AIVs in ferret models.Moreover,we compared the ability of viruses to replicate in mammalian cells,as well as the receptor-binding preferences of AIV isolates.Genetic analyses were finally performed to identify the genetic relationships and amino acid substitutions between viral proteins during mammalian adaptation.Of the 24 AIV isolates tested,A/Mallard/South Korea/KNU2019-34/2019(KNU19-34;H1N1)caused severe bodyweight loss and high mortality in mice.The virus replicated in the lungs,kidneys,and heart.Importantly,KNU19-34-infected ferrets showed high viral loads in both nasal washes and lungs.KNU19-34 replicated rapidly in A549 and bound preferentially to human likeα2,6-linked sialic acids rather than to avian-likeα2,3-linked sialic acids,similar to the pandemic A/California/04/2009(H1N1)strain.Gene segments of KNU19-34 were distributed in Egypt and Asia lineages from 2015 to 2018,and the virus had several amino acid substitutions compared to H1N1 AIV isolates that were non-pathogenic in mice.Collectively,the data suggest that KNU19-34 has zoonotic potential and the possibility of new mutations responsible for mammalian adaptation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42167068,22269020)the Gansu Province Higher Education Industry Support Plan Project(2023CYZC-68)the Central Guidance for Local Science and Technology Development Funds Project(YDZX20216200001007)。
文摘Rationally regulating the porosity of hard carbon(HC),especially the closed pores matching the low potential plateau and the ultra-microporous structure suitable for Na+embedding,has been shown to be the key to improving the sodium storage performance and initial coulombic efficiency(ICE).However,the preparation of such HC materials with specific pore structures still faces great challenges.Herein,a simple pre-oxidation strategy is employed to construct abundant closed ultra-microporous structures in soy protein powder-derived HC material,achieving a significant improvement in its ICE and platform capacity.The pre-oxidation process promotes the cross-linking degree of the soy protein,thereby hindering the directional growth of graphite domains during the carbonization process.The optimized HC exhibits ultra-high platform capacity(329 mAh g^(-1))and considerable energy density(148.5 Wh kg^(-1)).Based on the ex-situ Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization results,the excellent sodium storage capacity of the HC material is attributed to the synergistic effect of adsorption-intercalation/filling.The presented work provides novel insights into the synthesis of other biomass-derived HC materials with abundant closed ultra-micro pores.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 62204104, 42005138, 12274190, 12274189, 62275115)Shandong Province High Education Youth Innovation Team Program (Grant No. 2023KJ210)Science and Technology Program of Yantai (Grant No. 2023JCYJ047)。
文摘Due to advantages of high power-conversion efficiency(PCE), large power-to-weight ratio(PWR), low cost and solution processibility, flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs) have attracted extensive attention in recent years. The PCE of f-PSCs has developed rapidly to over 25%, showing great application prospects in aerospace and wearable electronic devices. This review systematically sorts device structures and compositions of f-PSCs, summarizes various methods to improve its efficiency and stability recent years. In addition, the applications and potentials of f-PSCs in space vehicle and aircraft was discussed. At last, we prospect the key scientific and technological issues that need to be addressed for f-PSCs at current stage.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB2402200)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22225201,22379028)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720220010)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research–Fudan University 21TQ1400100 (21TQ009)Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (23520750400)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials for SIBs are mainly used as cathodes because of their relatively high redox potentials(>1 V).Organic electrodes with low redox potential that can be used as anode are rare.Herein,a novel organic anode material (tetrasodium 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate,Na_(4)TDC) has been developed with low redox potential (<0.7 V) and excellent cyclic stability.Its three-sodium storage mechanism was demonstrated with various in-situ/ex-situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations,showing a high capacity of 208 mAh/g and an average decay rate of merely 0.022%per cycle.Moreover,the Na_(4)TDC-hard carbon composite can further acquire improved capacity and cycling stability for 1200 cycles even with a high mass loading of up to 20 mg cm^(-2).By pairing with a thick Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode (20.6 mg cm^(-2)),the as-fabricated full cell exhibited high operating voltage (2.8 V),excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 88.7% after 200 cycles,well highlighting the Na_(4)TDC anode material for SIBs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Molecular Mechanism of the Regulation of Crypt Goblet Cell Pyroptosis and Exocytosis to Repair Ulcerative Colitis Mucus Barrier by the Method of Clearing and Opening the Xuanfu from the Perspective of"Xuanfu-Crypt"(No.82305143),and National Natural Science Foundation of China:Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of"Hewei Jiangni Fang"Intervention in Non-erosive Reflux Disease Esophageal Hypersensitivity from the Perspective of Mas-related Gene X2/Stromal Interaction Molecule 1/Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Pathway Regulation of Mast Cell/Dorsal Root Ganglion Communication based on the"Xinkai-Kujiang"Method(No.82374401)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore if Hewei Jiangni granule(和胃降逆颗粒,HWJNG)could regulate esophageal hypersensitivity via stromal interaction molecule 1(STIM1)/transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1(TRPV1)pathway.METHODS:Qualitative analysis of HWJNG was analysis by high performance of liquid and gas chromatography.In vivo,animal model of non-erosive reflux disease(NERD)was established by fructose intake and restraint stress.HWJNG and Omeprazole were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group.Reflux and visceral hypersensitivity were analyzed by pathological changes,PH value test,mechanical paw withdrawal threshold,thermal withdrawal latency and mast cells(MCs)degranulation.In vitro,substance P(SP)-induced P815 cells and dorsal root ganglion(DRG)cells were cocultured.Expression in both mice and cells of STIM1,TRPV1,and esophageal visceral hypersensitivity-related gastrointestinal neurochemicals were validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays,quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot.Moreover,overexpression and small interfering RNA against STIM1 were utilized to verify of the role of HWJNG in DRG cells.RESULTS:HWJNG significantly suppressed intercellular space widening,injury of mitochondrial,MCs degranulation,mechanical allodynia and heat neuropathic sensory and increased pH value of esophageal mucosa in NERD mice.HWJNG inhibited expression of visceral hypersensitivityrelated gastrointestinal neurochemicals in esophageal mucosa and activated P815 cells,and expression of the STIM1,TRPV1 and related neurotransmitters in DRG and DRG cells.STIM1 siRNA and HWJNG both reduced P815 cells adhesion to DRGs cells and Ca2+flow into the cytoplasmic space of DRG cells.Furthermore,HWJNG could reversed STIM1 overexpression induced upregulation of TRPV1.CONCLUSION:HWJNG suppressed intercellular space widening in NERD mice,stabilized MCs and restored neuronal hyperexcitability by regulating visceral hypersensitivity via STIM1/TRPV1 pathway.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFD2200405(S.R.L.))Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31971653).
文摘With the rapid economic development and continuous expansion of human activities,forest degradation—characterized by reduced forest stock within the forest including declining carbon storage—poses significant threats to ecosystem stability.Understanding the current status of forest degradation and assessing potential carbon stocks in China are of strategic importance for making forest restoration efforts and enhancing carbon sequestration capacity.In this study,we used the national forest inventory data from 2009 to 2018 to develop a set of standard measures for assessing degraded forests across China,based on five key indicators:forest accumulation growth rate(FAGR),forest recruitment rate(FRR),tree species reduction rate(TSRR),forest canopy cover reduction rate(FCCRR),and forest disaster level(FDL).Additionally,we estimated standing carbon stock,potential carbon stock,and theoretical space to grow by developing a stand growth model,which accounts for stand density across different site classes,to evaluate the restoration potential of degraded forests.The results indicate that degraded forest area in China is 36.15 million hectares,accounting for 20.10% of a total forest area.Standing carbon stock and potential carbon stock of degraded forests in China are 23.93 million tons and 61.90 million tons,respectively.Overall,degraded forest varies significantly across different regions.The results highlight the important trade-offs among environmental factors,policy decisions,and forest conditions,providing a robust foundation for developing measures to enhance forest quality.
基金financially supported by the National Key R &D Program of China (No.2022YFB3709300)。
文摘The local structure and thermophysical behavior of Mg-La liquid alloys were in-depth understood using deep potential molecular dynamic(DPMD) simulation driven via machine learning to promote the development of Mg-La alloys. The robustness of the trained deep potential(DP) model was thoroughly evaluated through several aspects, including root-mean-square errors(RMSEs), energy and force data, and structural information comparison results;the results indicate the carefully trained DP model is reliable. The component and temperature dependence of the local structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy was analyzed. The effect of Mg content in the system on the first coordination shell of the atomic pairs is the same as that of temperature. The pre-peak demonstrated in the structure factor indicates the presence of a medium-range ordered structure in the Mg-La liquid alloy, which is particularly pronounced in the 80at% Mg system and disappears at elevated temperatures. The density, self-diffusion coefficient, and shear viscosity for the Mg-La liquid alloy were predicted via DPMD simulation, the evolution patterns with Mg content and temperature were subsequently discussed, and a database was established accordingly. Finally, the mixing enthalpy and elemental activity of the Mg-La liquid alloy at 1200 K were reliably evaluated,which provides new guidance for related studies.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Research Agency through FEDER funds (PID2021-1261520B-100) (MICINN/AEI/FEDER, EU)CBM receives an institutional grant from the Fundación Ramón Areces, Spain。
文摘The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of previously replication-competent cells.
