An accurate assessment of host and pathogen gene expression during infection is critical for understanding the molecular aspects of host-pathogen interactions.Often,pathogen-derived transcripts are difficult to ascert...An accurate assessment of host and pathogen gene expression during infection is critical for understanding the molecular aspects of host-pathogen interactions.Often,pathogen-derived transcripts are difficult to ascertain at early infection stages owing to the unfavourable transcript representation compared to the host genes.In this study,we compare two sequencing techniques,RNAseq and enrichment sequencing(RenSeq and PenSeq)of cDNA,to investigate gene expression patterns in the doubled monoploid potato(DM)infected with the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans.Our results reveal distinct advantages of cDNA RenSeq and PenSeq over traditional RNAseq in terms of target gene representation and transcriptional quantification at early infection stages.Throughout the infection time course,cDNA enrichment sequencing enables transcriptomic analyses for more targeted host and pathogen genes.For highly expressed genes that were sampled in parallel by both cDNA enrichment and RNAseq,a high level of concordance in expression profiles is observed,indicative of at least semi-quantitative gene expression representation following enrichment.展开更多
Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of s...Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of sweets based on jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree were produced, and their nutritional values and sensory properties such as taste, smell, color and acceptability were assessed. The formulation containing the most jujube powder, baobab fruit and sweet potato puree gave the best nutritional value. The sweets are rich in calcium (259.80 mg/100 g), magnesium (67.98 mg/100 g), potassium (782.04 mg/100 g), vitamin C (32.37 mg/100 g), iron (6.45 g mg/100 g) and zinc (0.97 mg/100 g). Sensory tests on the two formulations showed acceptability scores ranging from 81.26% to 84.58%, well above the minimum acceptable threshold. Candies with jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree could be an alternative for preventing micronutrient deficiencies.展开更多
This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a lo...This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a low degree of scale,a limited popularization rate of high-quality seeds,insufficient mechanization,a low level of commercialization,inadequate technological support,minimal integration between the secondary and tertiary industries,and an ineffective mechanism for connecting and benefiting farmers.Furthermore,it presents a problem-oriented approach that is grounded in the current climatic,resource,water,and soil conditions of Liangshan Prefecture,and proposes several pathways to promote the high-quality development of the potato industry.The strategies include:expanding coverage and increasing production volume as foundational steps to ensure food security;enhancing quality and efficiency as key drivers to stimulate agricultural advancement through scientific and technological innovation;focusing on the integration of the three industries to achieve industrial revitalization;implementing risk management measures as a preventive strategy to ensure industrial stability;establishing incentive policies to foster production enthusiasm;and ultimately assisting farmers in increasing their income to achieve the overarching goal of improving the livelihoods of the population.展开更多
Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of ei...Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of eight varieties of orange-fleshed of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) to identify the most promising ones. The results show three groups of varieties with different agronomic performances. Group 1 composed of Irene and Vita is characterized by low production of small and large tuberous roots, low number of productive plants and low yield. Group 2 consisting mainly of Kabode is characterized by high production and weight of large tuberous roots as well as high yield. Group 3, composed of Tacha-2 Ininda, Ejumula Gloria, TIB-440060, CIP-199062-1, Bela bela is characterized by high production of small and large tuberous roots, high number of productive plants and average yield. The TIB-440060 variety has a recovery rate of 100%. The Irene, Kabode, Vita, Kabode varieties were resistant to viral and fungal diseases. In terms of technological quality, the TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties have the best organoleptic qualities. Given the agronomic performances of the Kabode, TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties, could be selected as the elites varieties and distributed to producers.展开更多
Re-domestication of diploid potato(Solanum tuberosum)into a seed crop is an innovative breeding method to accelerate genetic improvement.Seed propagation would allow hybrid production and mix superior alleles.However,...Re-domestication of diploid potato(Solanum tuberosum)into a seed crop is an innovative breeding method to accelerate genetic improvement.Seed propagation would allow hybrid production and mix superior alleles.However,almost all diploid potatoes in nature are self-incompatible(SI).Gametophytic self-incompatible(GSI)is a widespread SI in Solanaceae and is controlled by the S locus that contains a ribonuclease(S-RNase)and multiple F-box(SLFs);however,the genetic diversity of the S locus in potato is unclear.This study identified 21 S-RNase alleles involved in SI from 194 diploid potato accessions by large-scale transcriptome sequencing.The levels of amino acid similarity among different S-RNase proteins varied from 31.3 to 95.8%.S2 allele is the most widespread in 194 diploid potatoes and is mainly distributed in the S.tuberosum Group Phureja.Based on genomic annotation and expression analysis,we identified 12 potential functional SI male-determinant genes,S-locus F-box(SLFs),encoding F-box proteins in the S2 locus on a genomic region of approximately 13 Mb.Comparative genomics analysis showed that eight SLF genes are relatively conserved among four homozygous S locus.The Ka and Ks analysis suggested that S-RNase and intra-haplotypic SLF genes have co-evolved.These findings help select suitable pollinators,combine more hybrid combinations,and fully use heterosis to accelerate diploid potato breeding.展开更多
The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growt...The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growth remains unclear.In this study,we obtained potato dro2 mutant lines by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-Associated 9(CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated genome editing system.The mutant lines were generated from a splicing defect of the StDRO2 intron 1,which causes a nonsense mutation in StDRO2.Furthermore,the secondary structure of StDRO2 mRNA analyzed with RNAfold Web Server was altered in the dro2 mutant.Mutation of StDRO2 conveys potato adaptation through changing the RSA via alteration of auxin transport under drought stress.The potato dro2 lines showed higher plant height,longer root length,smaller root growth angle and increased tuber weight than the wild-type.The alteration of RSA was associated with a disturbance of IAA distribution in the dro2 mutant,and the levels of StPIN7 and StPIN10 detected by using real-time PCR were up-regulated in the roots of potato dro2 lines grown under drought stress.Moreover,the microRNAs(miRNAs)PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 targeted the StDRO2 gene,and auxin positively and negatively regulated the expression of StDRO2 and the miRNAs PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486,respectively,in the potato roots.Our data shows that a regulatory network involving auxin,StDRO2,PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 can control RSA to convey potato fitness under drought stress.展开更多
Eye depth is an important agronomic trait affecting tubers'appearance,quality,and processing suitability.Hence,cultivating varieties with uniform shapes and shallow eye depth are important goals for potato breedin...Eye depth is an important agronomic trait affecting tubers'appearance,quality,and processing suitability.Hence,cultivating varieties with uniform shapes and shallow eye depth are important goals for potato breeding.In this study,based on the primary mapping of the tuber eyedepth locus using a small primary-segregating population,a large secondary-segregating population with 2100 individuals was used to map the eye-depth locus further.A major quantitative trait locus for eye-depth on chromosome 10 was identified(designated qEyd10.1)using BSAseq and traditional QTL mapping methods.The qEyd10.1 could explain 55.0%of the eye depth phenotypic variation and was further narrowed to a 309.10 kb interval using recombinant analysis.To predict candidate genes,tissue sectioning and RNA-seq of the specific tuber tissues were performed.Genes encoding members of the peroxidase superfamily with likely roles in indole acetic acid regulation were considered the most promising candidates.These results will facilitate marker-assisted selection for the shallow-eye trait in potato breeding and provide a solid basis for eye-depth gene cloning and the analysis of tuber eye-depth regulatory mechanisms.展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing.In plants,numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress.However,t...MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing.In plants,numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress.However,the role of miRNAs in drought regulation remains unclear in potato.In this work,the function of stu-miR159a was investigated in responding to drought stress in potato.Upon examination,StGAMyb-like1 was identified as the target gene for stu-miR159a.Overexpression of stu-miR159a(stu-miR159a OE plants) increased sensitivity to drought,interference with stu-miR159a activity by target mimics(stu-miR159a ST plants) resulted in drought resistance.During drought treatment,the target gene StGAMyb-like1 showed increased activation in stu-miR159a ST plants compared to non-transgenic plants.In contrast,drought stress induced weaker activation of the target gene in stu-miR159a OE plants.In stu-miR159a ST plants,the expression of critical genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway(StF3'5'H,StF3'H and StCHS2)was increased by decreasing stu-miR159a activity and simultaneously increasing that of StGAMyb-like1.Meanwhile,with drought treatment,stu-miR159a ST plants exhibited higher anthocyanin accumulation than non-transgenic ones,indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity and improved drought tolerance.The above data support that stu-miR159a is a negative regulator of drought stress and provide new insights into the stu-miR159a-mediated regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in controlling drought tolerance in potato.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to propose an improved YOLOv8s-based potato identification algorithm,in order to address issues such as low detection precision and high miss detection rate in potato identificatio...[Objectives]This study was conducted to propose an improved YOLOv8s-based potato identification algorithm,in order to address issues such as low detection precision and high miss detection rate in potato identification tasks.[Methods]The backbone network was replaced with InceptionNeXt,and the CBAM dual attention mechanism was introduced,to enhance the model s multi-scale feature extraction capability.[Results]The improved YOLOv8s algorithm achieved an identification precision of 94.55%,a recall of 85.34%,and an F1-score of 87.37%in potato identification.Compared with the original algorithm,it improved precision by 7.40%,recall by 2.71%,and F1-score by 2.56%.The average processing time per image was reduced by 0.12 s compared with the unimproved algorithm.The results of simulation tests showed a success rate of 98.20%in 2000 simulated identifcation tests.[Conclusions]This study provides a high-precision and robust solution for potato identification tasks.展开更多
The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,...The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,some countermeasures for meteorological services in the disaster prevention and mitigation of potatoes were proposed,such as strengthening intelligent and digital meteorological services,and building a full-chain meteorological service for the entire growth period of potatoes.The aim is to reduce the impact of disasters and increase the yield and quality of potatoes through intelligent and digital meteorological services.展开更多
Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected ...Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected sweet potato leaves in the Shandong(designated as SPV2-SDYT,GenBank No.PQ855660.1)and Jiangsu(designated as SPV2-JSXZ,GenBank No.PQ855661.1)provinces in China were obtained using 5′RACE and RT-PCR amplification.Consistency,phylogeny,codon usage bias,recombination,and selection pressure analyses were conducted using the SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ genome sequences.The complete genome sequences of SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ were 10561 nucleotides(nt)in length,with respective nucleotide and amino acid identities of 99.25%and 99.12%,respectively.Both isolates were closely related to the SPV2 isolate from China(SPV2-LN).In both SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ,the identity of the P1 protein was the highest,whereas that of the P3 protein was the lowest.There were 26 codons with relatively synonymous codon usage(RSCU)values greater than 1 in SPV2-SDYT and 27 codons with RSCU values greater than 1 in SPV2-JSXZ.High-frequency codons in their genomes were predominantly found to end with A/U.Recombination analysis revealed no major recombination sites in either SPV2-SDYT or SPV2-JSXZ.Further selection pressure analysis showed that the non-synonymous substitution rate/synonymous substitution rate(dN/dS)value of all 10 SPV2 proteins was less than 1.This is the first report on the evolutionary relationships of the 17 known SPV2 isolates.Our findings lay the molecular groundwork for preventing and controlling SPV2 infection in root-tuber crops.These findings also contribute to our understanding of the spread and evolution of SPV2,its pathogenic mechanisms,and the development of antiviral strategies against it.展开更多
Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we gen...Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we generated a green fluorescent protein(GFP)-tagged Fob strain to track infection dynamics in sweet potato susceptible cultivar Xinzhonghua and resistant cultivar Xiangshu75-55,respectively.Through cytological observation,we found in the susceptible Xinzhonghua,Fob predominantly colonized stem villi,injured root growth points,and directly invaded vascular bundles through stemwounds.Spore germination peaked at 2-3 h post-inoculation(hpi),followed by cyclical mycelial expansion and sporulation within vascular tissues with sustaining infection.In contrast,the resistant Xiangshu75-55 exhibited strong suppression of Fob:spores rarely germinated in vascular bundles or on trichomes by 3 hpi,and mature hyphae were absent in stems at 24 hpi.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)confirmed significantly higher Fob biomass in Xinzhonghua than in Xiangshu75-55 by 16 hpi.Additionally,transcriptional profiling revealed distinct pathogen-host interactions during the compatible and incompatible reactions.In Xinzhonghua,Fob virulence genes FobPGX1,FobICL1,FobCTF2,FobFUB5 and FobFUB6 were upregulated within 16 hpi.Conversely,host defense genes IbMAPKK9,IbWRKY61,IbWRKY75,IbSWEET10,IbBBX24 and IbPIF4 were activated in Xiangshu75-55 during the same period.This study provides spatiotemporal cytological and molecular insights into Fob pathogenicity and host resistance,offering a foundation for early disease detection and improved Fusarium wilt management in sweet potato.展开更多
Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this...Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this study,a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS-based untargeted metabolomics method was used to evaluate the metabolites in leaf tips of 32 sweet potato varieties.Three varieties with distinct overall metabolic profiles(A01,A02,and A03),two varieties with distinct profiles of phenolic acids(A20 and A18),and three varieties with distinct profiles of flavonoids(A05,A12,and A16)were identified.In addition,a total of 163 and 29 differentially expressed metabolites correlated with the color and leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,respectively,were identified through morphological characterization.Group comparison analysis of the phenotypic traits and a metabolite-phenotypic trait correlation analysis indicated that the color differences of sweet potato leaf tips were markedly associated with flavonoids.Also,the level of polyphenols was correlated with the leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,with lobed leaf types having higher levels of polyphenols than the entire leaf types.The findings on the metabolic profiles and differentially expressed metabolites associated with the morphology of sweet potato leaf tips can provide useful information for breeding sweet potato varieties with higher nutritional value.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to establish the multiplex PCR method for three virus of potato：PVA（potato virus A）,TMV（Tobacco mosaic virus）and PVY（potato virus Y）.[Method]According to the PVA,TMV and PVY sequences ava...[Objective]The aim was to establish the multiplex PCR method for three virus of potato：PVA（potato virus A）,TMV（Tobacco mosaic virus）and PVY（potato virus Y）.[Method]According to the PVA,TMV and PVY sequences available in GenBank,pairs of primer were designed for establishing a multiplex PCR method,and constructing recombinant plasmid of target genes by PCR amplified of three viruses as reference standard simple to be used in sensitivity test;PVX（Potato virus X）,PVM（Potato virus M）,PVS（Potato virus S）,PVV（Potato virus V）and CMV（Cucumber mosaic virus）were used to carry out the specificity test and detection of 11 samples which were suspected of virus infected.[Result]The detection limit for PVA,TMV and PVY was 14,14 and 14 copies/ml,respectively.No cross-reactivity was observed with other viruses.Seven of 11 samples were infected by three viruses.[Conclusion]The multiplex PCR for PVA,TMV,PVY three viruses of potato was established successfully,which had provided basis for the detection technology of potato virus.展开更多
β-Sitosterol-D-glucoside(β-SDG)is a phytosterol compound whose antitumor activity has been confirmed by previous studies.However,its suppression on breast cancer remains unclear.To that purpose,we isolatedβ-SDG fro...β-Sitosterol-D-glucoside(β-SDG)is a phytosterol compound whose antitumor activity has been confirmed by previous studies.However,its suppression on breast cancer remains unclear.To that purpose,we isolatedβ-SDG from sweet potato and investigated the breast-cancer-inhibiting mechanism using proteomic analysis.The sweet potato species S6 with highβ-SDG content were chosen form 36 species andβ-SDG was isolated by HPLC.Afterwards,an in situ animal model of breast cancer was established,andβ-SDG significantly reduced the tumor volume of MCF-7 xenograft mice.Proteomic analysis of tumor tissues revealed that 127 of these proteins were upregulated and 80 were downregulated.Gene ontology and network analysis showed that regulatory proteins were mainly associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),myogenesis,cholesterol homeostasis,oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen pathways,while Vimentin,NDUF,VDAC1,PPP2CA and SNx9 were the most significant 5 node degree genes.Meanwhile,in vitro and in vivo results showed that the protein expression of PPP2CA and Vimentin,which are markers of EMT,were involved in breast cancer cell metastasis and could be reversed byβ-SDG.This work highlightsβ-SDG as a bioactive compound in sweet potato and the potential therapeutic effect ofβ-SDG for the treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting metastasis.展开更多
Potato is one of the most important vegetable crops, which contributes more than half of the total vegetable production in Bangladesh. Four field experiments were conducted in two different locations in Bangladesh to ...Potato is one of the most important vegetable crops, which contributes more than half of the total vegetable production in Bangladesh. Four field experiments were conducted in two different locations in Bangladesh to develop integrated nutrient management practices to produce quality potato seed in industrial processing varieties Asterix and Courage. For the inorganic trial, Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) including 2 potato varieties, 5 treatments with 4 replications, and in the organic fertilizer trial, Factorial RCBD including 2 potato varieties, 6 treatments with 4 replications were used. In the inorganic fertilizer trail, the highest yield was obtained in the variety Asterix due to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sulfur (NPKS) plus Magnesium treated plot in Domar BADC farm and due to NPKS plus Boron, Zinc, and Magnesium treated plots in Kashimpur Farm. In the case of variety Courage, the highest yield was found in the treatment of NPKS plus Zinc in Domar BADC farm while in Kashimpur farm, NPKS plus Mg treated plots had the highest yield of potato variety-Courage. In the organic fertilizer trail, the highest tuber yield per hill was obtained by applying the government-approved commercial brand Northern organic fertilizer in variety Asterix and by organic fertilizer brand Chook Chook in variety Courage. Parameters such as days to tuber initiation, number of stems per hill, plant height, and number of tubers per hill were found statistically different among the treatments and between the two varieties. Treatments namely Northern organic fertilizer and Cowdung combined with mustard oil cake performed better considering standard grade tuber yield (grade A and B) compared to other treatments. Hence, the combination of NPKS MgZn and either Northern organic or Chook Chook or Cowdung plus mustard oil cake could be used to grow the varieties Asterix and Courage.展开更多
Sweet potato leaves are consumed globally for their nutritional and functional properties,with their taste characteristics significantly influencing their market value and consumer acceptance.However,the metabolic fac...Sweet potato leaves are consumed globally for their nutritional and functional properties,with their taste characteristics significantly influencing their market value and consumer acceptance.However,the metabolic factors determining the taste of sweet potato leaves remain unclear.This study evaluated the taste and metabolic profile of sweet potato leaves cultivated in soil and hydroponic systems,revealing that hydroponic culture improved the taste of the leafy sweet potatoes.Using gas chromatography system(GC)-ToF-MS,200 metabolites were identified,encompassing most plant metabolic pathways.A comparison of good-tasting vs.poor-tasting sweet potato leaves identified 71 metabolites associated with taste quality formation.Poor-tasting leaves exhibited lower levels of amino acid metabolites and higher levels of carbohydrate and secondary metabolites.This research provides novel insights into enhancing the taste of leafy sweet potatoes.展开更多
Twelve percent (12%) of Ghanaians are food insecure, and climate-smart crops like sweet potatoes are required to help end poverty. Small-scale farmers in Ghana who produce low-technology, subsistence crops, such as sw...Twelve percent (12%) of Ghanaians are food insecure, and climate-smart crops like sweet potatoes are required to help end poverty. Small-scale farmers in Ghana who produce low-technology, subsistence crops, such as sweet potatoes, are more food secure than those who do not. This study was initiated to investigate the effect of chicken manure, compost, and cow dung on the growth and yield of “apomuden”, “SARI-Nyoriberigu”, “SARI-Nan” and “kufour” sweet potato under the Guinea Savannah agroecological zone of Ghana. Organic fertilizer increased leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area index. The application of cow dung, chicken manure and compost in 2015 significantly increased total storage root yield by 38%, 55% and 98%, 62%, 45% and 37%, 52%, 61% and 44%, and 33%, 36% and 28% for SARI-Nyoriberigu, Kufour, SARI-Nan and Apomuden, respectively, when compared to the untreated check. In 2016, and in comparison with the untreated check, the application of cow dung, chicken manure and compost increased total storage root yield by 42%, 61% and 93%, 69%, 49% and 41%, 57%, 67% and 48%, and 36%, 39% and 30% for SARI-Nyoriberigu, Kufour, SARI-Nan and Apomuden, respectively. Hence, the application of organic fertilizers will increase sweet potato yield, give higher returns to resource-poor smallholder farmers and contribute to enhancing food and nutrition security.展开更多
The whole cold-chain for exporting sweet potato(native variety“Abees”),to foreign market included immediate curing operation directly after harvest helped in healing skin texture,however,in order to reduce postharve...The whole cold-chain for exporting sweet potato(native variety“Abees”),to foreign market included immediate curing operation directly after harvest helped in healing skin texture,however,in order to reduce postharvest soft rot(Rhizopus stolonifer)incidence following trimming,and washing,ultraviolet light(UV-C)treatment was used as a main sanitizer for eliminating the soft rot.Exposure of the roots to UV-C(254 nm)was applied in a UV-C room on freshly harvested and cured sweet potato while rolling up on a movable line at 20 cm distance for 1,2,and 3 hr.As combining UV-C treatment with chlorine(200 ppm)on roots,marked and significant reduction of the total microbial load and Rhizopus potential was achieved on root surfaces respectively compared with chlorine alone.It also reduced soft rot percentage to almost 0%infection.After 3 months of cold-storage,quality assessment of sweet potato showed that root characteristics were markedly maintained.The ability of UV-C light to induce phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)enzyme activity in root tissue and maintain the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase,however with slight increase,was detected.UV-C caused an increase of phenol content in sweet potato tissue that made an activation of defense reaction against the rot causal pathogen.As the exposure time to UV-C light increased,a higher content of phenols occurred.Moreover,UV-C application caused decrease in sugar content of root tissue that is flavored by soft rot-causal pathogen.展开更多
In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples a...In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.展开更多
基金supported by the Rural & Environment Science & Analytical Services (RESAS) Division of the Scottish Government through project JHI-B1-1the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) through awards BB/ S015663/1+2 种基金BB/X009068/1Research Leaders 2025 fellowship funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 754380the Research/Scientific Computing teams at The James Hutton Institute and NIAB for providing computational resources and technical support for the “UK’s Crop Diversity Bioinformatics HPC” (BBSRC grant BB/ S019669/1)。
文摘An accurate assessment of host and pathogen gene expression during infection is critical for understanding the molecular aspects of host-pathogen interactions.Often,pathogen-derived transcripts are difficult to ascertain at early infection stages owing to the unfavourable transcript representation compared to the host genes.In this study,we compare two sequencing techniques,RNAseq and enrichment sequencing(RenSeq and PenSeq)of cDNA,to investigate gene expression patterns in the doubled monoploid potato(DM)infected with the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans.Our results reveal distinct advantages of cDNA RenSeq and PenSeq over traditional RNAseq in terms of target gene representation and transcriptional quantification at early infection stages.Throughout the infection time course,cDNA enrichment sequencing enables transcriptomic analyses for more targeted host and pathogen genes.For highly expressed genes that were sampled in parallel by both cDNA enrichment and RNAseq,a high level of concordance in expression profiles is observed,indicative of at least semi-quantitative gene expression representation following enrichment.
文摘Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of sweets based on jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree were produced, and their nutritional values and sensory properties such as taste, smell, color and acceptability were assessed. The formulation containing the most jujube powder, baobab fruit and sweet potato puree gave the best nutritional value. The sweets are rich in calcium (259.80 mg/100 g), magnesium (67.98 mg/100 g), potassium (782.04 mg/100 g), vitamin C (32.37 mg/100 g), iron (6.45 g mg/100 g) and zinc (0.97 mg/100 g). Sensory tests on the two formulations showed acceptability scores ranging from 81.26% to 84.58%, well above the minimum acceptable threshold. Candies with jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree could be an alternative for preventing micronutrient deficiencies.
基金Supported by Special Fund for the Construction of China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS-09-ES22).
文摘This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current development status of the potato industry in Liangshan Prefecture,and analyzes the primary factors that hinder the advancement of this industry,including a low degree of scale,a limited popularization rate of high-quality seeds,insufficient mechanization,a low level of commercialization,inadequate technological support,minimal integration between the secondary and tertiary industries,and an ineffective mechanism for connecting and benefiting farmers.Furthermore,it presents a problem-oriented approach that is grounded in the current climatic,resource,water,and soil conditions of Liangshan Prefecture,and proposes several pathways to promote the high-quality development of the potato industry.The strategies include:expanding coverage and increasing production volume as foundational steps to ensure food security;enhancing quality and efficiency as key drivers to stimulate agricultural advancement through scientific and technological innovation;focusing on the integration of the three industries to achieve industrial revitalization;implementing risk management measures as a preventive strategy to ensure industrial stability;establishing incentive policies to foster production enthusiasm;and ultimately assisting farmers in increasing their income to achieve the overarching goal of improving the livelihoods of the population.
文摘Sweet potato is one of the most important crops in Côte d’Ivoire. However, some constraints related to climate change limit its production. This study evaluated the agronomic and technological performances of eight varieties of orange-fleshed of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) to identify the most promising ones. The results show three groups of varieties with different agronomic performances. Group 1 composed of Irene and Vita is characterized by low production of small and large tuberous roots, low number of productive plants and low yield. Group 2 consisting mainly of Kabode is characterized by high production and weight of large tuberous roots as well as high yield. Group 3, composed of Tacha-2 Ininda, Ejumula Gloria, TIB-440060, CIP-199062-1, Bela bela is characterized by high production of small and large tuberous roots, high number of productive plants and average yield. The TIB-440060 variety has a recovery rate of 100%. The Irene, Kabode, Vita, Kabode varieties were resistant to viral and fungal diseases. In terms of technological quality, the TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties have the best organoleptic qualities. Given the agronomic performances of the Kabode, TIB-440060 and CIP-199062-1 varieties, could be selected as the elites varieties and distributed to producers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372695 and 32488302)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAASZDRW202404)。
文摘Re-domestication of diploid potato(Solanum tuberosum)into a seed crop is an innovative breeding method to accelerate genetic improvement.Seed propagation would allow hybrid production and mix superior alleles.However,almost all diploid potatoes in nature are self-incompatible(SI).Gametophytic self-incompatible(GSI)is a widespread SI in Solanaceae and is controlled by the S locus that contains a ribonuclease(S-RNase)and multiple F-box(SLFs);however,the genetic diversity of the S locus in potato is unclear.This study identified 21 S-RNase alleles involved in SI from 194 diploid potato accessions by large-scale transcriptome sequencing.The levels of amino acid similarity among different S-RNase proteins varied from 31.3 to 95.8%.S2 allele is the most widespread in 194 diploid potatoes and is mainly distributed in the S.tuberosum Group Phureja.Based on genomic annotation and expression analysis,we identified 12 potential functional SI male-determinant genes,S-locus F-box(SLFs),encoding F-box proteins in the S2 locus on a genomic region of approximately 13 Mb.Comparative genomics analysis showed that eight SLF genes are relatively conserved among four homozygous S locus.The Ka and Ks analysis suggested that S-RNase and intra-haplotypic SLF genes have co-evolved.These findings help select suitable pollinators,combine more hybrid combinations,and fully use heterosis to accelerate diploid potato breeding.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32260085,31860064,31660501,31970609,32260718 and 31901870)the Key Projects of the Applied Basic Research Plan of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202301AS070082)+3 种基金the Start-up fund from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,the‘Top Talents Program in Science and Technology’from Yunnan Province,the Major Science and Technology Project in Yunnan Province(Grant Nos.202102AE090042 and 202202AE090036)the Young and Middle-Aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talent Program in Yunnan Province(Grant No.202205AC160076)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2019M653849XB)the High-level Talents Introduction Plan of Yunnan Province-Young Talents Special Project。
文摘The formation of root system architecture(RSA)plays a crucial role in plant growth.OsDRO1 is known to have a function in controlling RSA in rice,however,the role of potato StDRO2,a homolog of rice OsDRO1,in root growth remains unclear.In this study,we obtained potato dro2 mutant lines by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR-Associated 9(CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated genome editing system.The mutant lines were generated from a splicing defect of the StDRO2 intron 1,which causes a nonsense mutation in StDRO2.Furthermore,the secondary structure of StDRO2 mRNA analyzed with RNAfold Web Server was altered in the dro2 mutant.Mutation of StDRO2 conveys potato adaptation through changing the RSA via alteration of auxin transport under drought stress.The potato dro2 lines showed higher plant height,longer root length,smaller root growth angle and increased tuber weight than the wild-type.The alteration of RSA was associated with a disturbance of IAA distribution in the dro2 mutant,and the levels of StPIN7 and StPIN10 detected by using real-time PCR were up-regulated in the roots of potato dro2 lines grown under drought stress.Moreover,the microRNAs(miRNAs)PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 targeted the StDRO2 gene,and auxin positively and negatively regulated the expression of StDRO2 and the miRNAs PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486,respectively,in the potato roots.Our data shows that a regulatory network involving auxin,StDRO2,PmiREN024536 and PmiREN024486 can control RSA to convey potato fitness under drought stress.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31801421)the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Innovation Project(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIPIVFCAAS).
文摘Eye depth is an important agronomic trait affecting tubers'appearance,quality,and processing suitability.Hence,cultivating varieties with uniform shapes and shallow eye depth are important goals for potato breeding.In this study,based on the primary mapping of the tuber eyedepth locus using a small primary-segregating population,a large secondary-segregating population with 2100 individuals was used to map the eye-depth locus further.A major quantitative trait locus for eye-depth on chromosome 10 was identified(designated qEyd10.1)using BSAseq and traditional QTL mapping methods.The qEyd10.1 could explain 55.0%of the eye depth phenotypic variation and was further narrowed to a 309.10 kb interval using recombinant analysis.To predict candidate genes,tissue sectioning and RNA-seq of the specific tuber tissues were performed.Genes encoding members of the peroxidase superfamily with likely roles in indole acetic acid regulation were considered the most promising candidates.These results will facilitate marker-assisted selection for the shallow-eye trait in potato breeding and provide a solid basis for eye-depth gene cloning and the analysis of tuber eye-depth regulatory mechanisms.
基金supported by the Gansu Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.22ZD6NA009)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA832)+1 种基金the Gansu Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.23ZDNA006)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31860399).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing.In plants,numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress.However,the role of miRNAs in drought regulation remains unclear in potato.In this work,the function of stu-miR159a was investigated in responding to drought stress in potato.Upon examination,StGAMyb-like1 was identified as the target gene for stu-miR159a.Overexpression of stu-miR159a(stu-miR159a OE plants) increased sensitivity to drought,interference with stu-miR159a activity by target mimics(stu-miR159a ST plants) resulted in drought resistance.During drought treatment,the target gene StGAMyb-like1 showed increased activation in stu-miR159a ST plants compared to non-transgenic plants.In contrast,drought stress induced weaker activation of the target gene in stu-miR159a OE plants.In stu-miR159a ST plants,the expression of critical genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway(StF3'5'H,StF3'H and StCHS2)was increased by decreasing stu-miR159a activity and simultaneously increasing that of StGAMyb-like1.Meanwhile,with drought treatment,stu-miR159a ST plants exhibited higher anthocyanin accumulation than non-transgenic ones,indicating enhanced antioxidant capacity and improved drought tolerance.The above data support that stu-miR159a is a negative regulator of drought stress and provide new insights into the stu-miR159a-mediated regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in controlling drought tolerance in potato.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to propose an improved YOLOv8s-based potato identification algorithm,in order to address issues such as low detection precision and high miss detection rate in potato identification tasks.[Methods]The backbone network was replaced with InceptionNeXt,and the CBAM dual attention mechanism was introduced,to enhance the model s multi-scale feature extraction capability.[Results]The improved YOLOv8s algorithm achieved an identification precision of 94.55%,a recall of 85.34%,and an F1-score of 87.37%in potato identification.Compared with the original algorithm,it improved precision by 7.40%,recall by 2.71%,and F1-score by 2.56%.The average processing time per image was reduced by 0.12 s compared with the unimproved algorithm.The results of simulation tests showed a success rate of 98.20%in 2000 simulated identifcation tests.[Conclusions]This study provides a high-precision and robust solution for potato identification tasks.
文摘The occurrence characteristics and impacts of agricultural meteorological disasters during the main growth period of potatoes in Ulanqab City were analyzed.According to the development needs of modern potato industry,some countermeasures for meteorological services in the disaster prevention and mitigation of potatoes were proposed,such as strengthening intelligent and digital meteorological services,and building a full-chain meteorological service for the entire growth period of potatoes.The aim is to reduce the impact of disasters and increase the yield and quality of potatoes through intelligent and digital meteorological services.
基金Funding Statement:This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100132)Shandong Province Natural Sciences Foundation of China(ZR2021QC008)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Team Program'in College of Shandong Province of China(2022KJ119)supported by Young Talent of Lifting Engineering for Science and Technology in Shandong,China(SDAST2024QT085).
文摘Sweet potatoes are significant cash crops,however,their yield and quality are greatly compromised by viral diseases.In this study,the complete genomic sequences of two Sweet Potato Virus 2(SPV2)isolates from infected sweet potato leaves in the Shandong(designated as SPV2-SDYT,GenBank No.PQ855660.1)and Jiangsu(designated as SPV2-JSXZ,GenBank No.PQ855661.1)provinces in China were obtained using 5′RACE and RT-PCR amplification.Consistency,phylogeny,codon usage bias,recombination,and selection pressure analyses were conducted using the SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ genome sequences.The complete genome sequences of SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ were 10561 nucleotides(nt)in length,with respective nucleotide and amino acid identities of 99.25%and 99.12%,respectively.Both isolates were closely related to the SPV2 isolate from China(SPV2-LN).In both SPV2-SDYT and SPV2-JSXZ,the identity of the P1 protein was the highest,whereas that of the P3 protein was the lowest.There were 26 codons with relatively synonymous codon usage(RSCU)values greater than 1 in SPV2-SDYT and 27 codons with RSCU values greater than 1 in SPV2-JSXZ.High-frequency codons in their genomes were predominantly found to end with A/U.Recombination analysis revealed no major recombination sites in either SPV2-SDYT or SPV2-JSXZ.Further selection pressure analysis showed that the non-synonymous substitution rate/synonymous substitution rate(dN/dS)value of all 10 SPV2 proteins was less than 1.This is the first report on the evolutionary relationships of the 17 known SPV2 isolates.Our findings lay the molecular groundwork for preventing and controlling SPV2 infection in root-tuber crops.These findings also contribute to our understanding of the spread and evolution of SPV2,its pathogenic mechanisms,and the development of antiviral strategies against it.
基金supported by the following grants,Earmarked fund for CARS-10-Sweet potato,High-quality development of agriculture“5511”collaborative innovation project(XTCXGC2021005)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian province(2021J01495)+1 种基金Basic Scientific Research Special Project for Fujian Provincial Public Research Institutes(2021R1031008)Science and Technology Innovation Team of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXTD2021012-1).
文摘Vascular wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.batatas(Fob)is a devastating disease threatening global sweet potato production.To elucidate Fob’s pathogenicitymechanisms and informeffective control strategies,we generated a green fluorescent protein(GFP)-tagged Fob strain to track infection dynamics in sweet potato susceptible cultivar Xinzhonghua and resistant cultivar Xiangshu75-55,respectively.Through cytological observation,we found in the susceptible Xinzhonghua,Fob predominantly colonized stem villi,injured root growth points,and directly invaded vascular bundles through stemwounds.Spore germination peaked at 2-3 h post-inoculation(hpi),followed by cyclical mycelial expansion and sporulation within vascular tissues with sustaining infection.In contrast,the resistant Xiangshu75-55 exhibited strong suppression of Fob:spores rarely germinated in vascular bundles or on trichomes by 3 hpi,and mature hyphae were absent in stems at 24 hpi.Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR)confirmed significantly higher Fob biomass in Xinzhonghua than in Xiangshu75-55 by 16 hpi.Additionally,transcriptional profiling revealed distinct pathogen-host interactions during the compatible and incompatible reactions.In Xinzhonghua,Fob virulence genes FobPGX1,FobICL1,FobCTF2,FobFUB5 and FobFUB6 were upregulated within 16 hpi.Conversely,host defense genes IbMAPKK9,IbWRKY61,IbWRKY75,IbSWEET10,IbBBX24 and IbPIF4 were activated in Xiangshu75-55 during the same period.This study provides spatiotemporal cytological and molecular insights into Fob pathogenicity and host resistance,offering a foundation for early disease detection and improved Fusarium wilt management in sweet potato.
基金This work was supported by grants from the construction and operation of the Food Nutrition and Health Research Center of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(XTXM 202205)the earmarked fund for CARS-10Sweetpotato,and the Guangdong Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System,China(2022KJ111).
文摘Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this study,a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS-based untargeted metabolomics method was used to evaluate the metabolites in leaf tips of 32 sweet potato varieties.Three varieties with distinct overall metabolic profiles(A01,A02,and A03),two varieties with distinct profiles of phenolic acids(A20 and A18),and three varieties with distinct profiles of flavonoids(A05,A12,and A16)were identified.In addition,a total of 163 and 29 differentially expressed metabolites correlated with the color and leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,respectively,were identified through morphological characterization.Group comparison analysis of the phenotypic traits and a metabolite-phenotypic trait correlation analysis indicated that the color differences of sweet potato leaf tips were markedly associated with flavonoids.Also,the level of polyphenols was correlated with the leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,with lobed leaf types having higher levels of polyphenols than the entire leaf types.The findings on the metabolic profiles and differentially expressed metabolites associated with the morphology of sweet potato leaf tips can provide useful information for breeding sweet potato varieties with higher nutritional value.
文摘[Objective]The aim was to establish the multiplex PCR method for three virus of potato：PVA（potato virus A）,TMV（Tobacco mosaic virus）and PVY（potato virus Y）.[Method]According to the PVA,TMV and PVY sequences available in GenBank,pairs of primer were designed for establishing a multiplex PCR method,and constructing recombinant plasmid of target genes by PCR amplified of three viruses as reference standard simple to be used in sensitivity test;PVX（Potato virus X）,PVM（Potato virus M）,PVS（Potato virus S）,PVV（Potato virus V）and CMV（Cucumber mosaic virus）were used to carry out the specificity test and detection of 11 samples which were suspected of virus infected.[Result]The detection limit for PVA,TMV and PVY was 14,14 and 14 copies/ml,respectively.No cross-reactivity was observed with other viruses.Seven of 11 samples were infected by three viruses.[Conclusion]The multiplex PCR for PVA,TMV,PVY three viruses of potato was established successfully,which had provided basis for the detection technology of potato virus.
基金supported by Special Key project of Technology Innovation and Application Development in Chongqing(CSTC2021jscx-gksb-N0033,CSTB2021TIAD-KPX0085)Science Foundation of School of Life Sciences SWU(20212005425201)County-University Cooperation Innovation Funds of Southwest University(SZ202102).
文摘β-Sitosterol-D-glucoside(β-SDG)is a phytosterol compound whose antitumor activity has been confirmed by previous studies.However,its suppression on breast cancer remains unclear.To that purpose,we isolatedβ-SDG from sweet potato and investigated the breast-cancer-inhibiting mechanism using proteomic analysis.The sweet potato species S6 with highβ-SDG content were chosen form 36 species andβ-SDG was isolated by HPLC.Afterwards,an in situ animal model of breast cancer was established,andβ-SDG significantly reduced the tumor volume of MCF-7 xenograft mice.Proteomic analysis of tumor tissues revealed that 127 of these proteins were upregulated and 80 were downregulated.Gene ontology and network analysis showed that regulatory proteins were mainly associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),myogenesis,cholesterol homeostasis,oxidative phosphorylation and reactive oxygen pathways,while Vimentin,NDUF,VDAC1,PPP2CA and SNx9 were the most significant 5 node degree genes.Meanwhile,in vitro and in vivo results showed that the protein expression of PPP2CA and Vimentin,which are markers of EMT,were involved in breast cancer cell metastasis and could be reversed byβ-SDG.This work highlightsβ-SDG as a bioactive compound in sweet potato and the potential therapeutic effect ofβ-SDG for the treatment of breast cancer by inhibiting metastasis.
文摘Potato is one of the most important vegetable crops, which contributes more than half of the total vegetable production in Bangladesh. Four field experiments were conducted in two different locations in Bangladesh to develop integrated nutrient management practices to produce quality potato seed in industrial processing varieties Asterix and Courage. For the inorganic trial, Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) including 2 potato varieties, 5 treatments with 4 replications, and in the organic fertilizer trial, Factorial RCBD including 2 potato varieties, 6 treatments with 4 replications were used. In the inorganic fertilizer trail, the highest yield was obtained in the variety Asterix due to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sulfur (NPKS) plus Magnesium treated plot in Domar BADC farm and due to NPKS plus Boron, Zinc, and Magnesium treated plots in Kashimpur Farm. In the case of variety Courage, the highest yield was found in the treatment of NPKS plus Zinc in Domar BADC farm while in Kashimpur farm, NPKS plus Mg treated plots had the highest yield of potato variety-Courage. In the organic fertilizer trail, the highest tuber yield per hill was obtained by applying the government-approved commercial brand Northern organic fertilizer in variety Asterix and by organic fertilizer brand Chook Chook in variety Courage. Parameters such as days to tuber initiation, number of stems per hill, plant height, and number of tubers per hill were found statistically different among the treatments and between the two varieties. Treatments namely Northern organic fertilizer and Cowdung combined with mustard oil cake performed better considering standard grade tuber yield (grade A and B) compared to other treatments. Hence, the combination of NPKS MgZn and either Northern organic or Chook Chook or Cowdung plus mustard oil cake could be used to grow the varieties Asterix and Courage.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China(32101841)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2021J01493)+2 种基金China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-10-B14)the Fujian Provincial Public Research Institute of Fundamental Research(2017R1026-5)the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Research Project(AGP2018-12,GJYS202201).
文摘Sweet potato leaves are consumed globally for their nutritional and functional properties,with their taste characteristics significantly influencing their market value and consumer acceptance.However,the metabolic factors determining the taste of sweet potato leaves remain unclear.This study evaluated the taste and metabolic profile of sweet potato leaves cultivated in soil and hydroponic systems,revealing that hydroponic culture improved the taste of the leafy sweet potatoes.Using gas chromatography system(GC)-ToF-MS,200 metabolites were identified,encompassing most plant metabolic pathways.A comparison of good-tasting vs.poor-tasting sweet potato leaves identified 71 metabolites associated with taste quality formation.Poor-tasting leaves exhibited lower levels of amino acid metabolites and higher levels of carbohydrate and secondary metabolites.This research provides novel insights into enhancing the taste of leafy sweet potatoes.
文摘Twelve percent (12%) of Ghanaians are food insecure, and climate-smart crops like sweet potatoes are required to help end poverty. Small-scale farmers in Ghana who produce low-technology, subsistence crops, such as sweet potatoes, are more food secure than those who do not. This study was initiated to investigate the effect of chicken manure, compost, and cow dung on the growth and yield of “apomuden”, “SARI-Nyoriberigu”, “SARI-Nan” and “kufour” sweet potato under the Guinea Savannah agroecological zone of Ghana. Organic fertilizer increased leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area index. The application of cow dung, chicken manure and compost in 2015 significantly increased total storage root yield by 38%, 55% and 98%, 62%, 45% and 37%, 52%, 61% and 44%, and 33%, 36% and 28% for SARI-Nyoriberigu, Kufour, SARI-Nan and Apomuden, respectively, when compared to the untreated check. In 2016, and in comparison with the untreated check, the application of cow dung, chicken manure and compost increased total storage root yield by 42%, 61% and 93%, 69%, 49% and 41%, 57%, 67% and 48%, and 36%, 39% and 30% for SARI-Nyoriberigu, Kufour, SARI-Nan and Apomuden, respectively. Hence, the application of organic fertilizers will increase sweet potato yield, give higher returns to resource-poor smallholder farmers and contribute to enhancing food and nutrition security.
文摘The whole cold-chain for exporting sweet potato(native variety“Abees”),to foreign market included immediate curing operation directly after harvest helped in healing skin texture,however,in order to reduce postharvest soft rot(Rhizopus stolonifer)incidence following trimming,and washing,ultraviolet light(UV-C)treatment was used as a main sanitizer for eliminating the soft rot.Exposure of the roots to UV-C(254 nm)was applied in a UV-C room on freshly harvested and cured sweet potato while rolling up on a movable line at 20 cm distance for 1,2,and 3 hr.As combining UV-C treatment with chlorine(200 ppm)on roots,marked and significant reduction of the total microbial load and Rhizopus potential was achieved on root surfaces respectively compared with chlorine alone.It also reduced soft rot percentage to almost 0%infection.After 3 months of cold-storage,quality assessment of sweet potato showed that root characteristics were markedly maintained.The ability of UV-C light to induce phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)enzyme activity in root tissue and maintain the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase,however with slight increase,was detected.UV-C caused an increase of phenol content in sweet potato tissue that made an activation of defense reaction against the rot causal pathogen.As the exposure time to UV-C light increased,a higher content of phenols occurred.Moreover,UV-C application caused decrease in sugar content of root tissue that is flavored by soft rot-causal pathogen.
文摘In this article, we investigated the influence of size and initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient of sweet potatoes samples cut into cubic and cylindrical shapes. The sizes of the cubic samples are 0.5, 1, 1.5, 1.75, 2, 2.5 and 3 cm edge with a respective initial water content of 2.7, 3.76, 3.48, 2.68, 3.28, 2.17 and 2.29 kg/kgms. For cylindrical samples, the radius is set at 0.5 cm and sample heights are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 cm with respective water contents of 2.2, 3.19, 2.85, 2.1, 2.17, 2.39 and 2.03 kg/kgms. The effective diffusion coefficients of cubic samples are of the order of 10−10 and 10−9 m2∙s−1 grew with sample edge. As for the cylindrical samples, the effective diffusion coefficients were of the order of 10−9 m2∙s−1 and there was no linear correlation between cylinder height and their effective diffusion coefficient. As for the examination of the initial water content on the effective diffusion coefficient, it turned out that the initial water content had no influence on the effective diffusion coefficient of the sweet potato samples.
