目的分析卒中后失语(PSA)和卒中后抑郁(PSD)自发脑活动各自的异常脑区以及共同的变化脑区,探索潜在的单病以及共病的病理学机制。方法系统检索建库至2025年4月19日PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数...目的分析卒中后失语(PSA)和卒中后抑郁(PSD)自发脑活动各自的异常脑区以及共同的变化脑区,探索潜在的单病以及共病的病理学机制。方法系统检索建库至2025年4月19日PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统等数据库,纳入以PSA或PSD为研究对象,以健康人为对照组,以低频波动幅度(ALFF)、分数低频波动幅度(fALFF)和局部一致性(ReHo)为结局指标的静息态功能磁共振成像研究。提取纳入文献的差异性脑区相关结果,采用SDM-PSI V6.23 beta进行神经影像Meta分析。结果PSA共纳入17篇文献,涉及患者339例,对照组351例;PSD共纳入5篇文献,涉及患者102例,对照组149例。PSA左侧小脑9区、右侧颞中回、右侧脑岛的自发神经功能活动高于对照组(P<0.05),右侧小脑6区、左侧内侧额上回、左侧额中回、右侧前扣带与旁扣带脑回自发神经功能活动低于对照组(P<0.05);PSD患者右侧楔叶、右侧枕上回的自发神经功能活动高于对照组(P<0.05),左侧内侧额上回、左侧顶下小叶的自发神经功能活动低于对照组(P<0.05)。PSA和PSD在左侧内侧额上回的自发神经功能活动均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论PSA的病理学机制可能涉及语言功能网络右侧代偿性亢进与左侧功能抑制,并伴有小脑的交叉性协同活动;PSD的发生可能与右侧枕叶网络功能亢进与左侧额顶叶网络功能抑制有关;左侧内侧额上回(MNI坐标x=0,y=26,z=44)功能抑制很可能是PSA与PSD的语言-情绪整合通路,介导PSA与PSD共病的发生。展开更多
卒中后认知障碍是脑卒中患者常见的后遗症,严重影响患者的生活质量和康复进程。重复经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS),作为一种新兴的神经调控技术,已广泛应用于卒中后认知障碍的治疗。静息态功能磁共振成像(restin...卒中后认知障碍是脑卒中患者常见的后遗症,严重影响患者的生活质量和康复进程。重复经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS),作为一种新兴的神经调控技术,已广泛应用于卒中后认知障碍的治疗。静息态功能磁共振成像(resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, rs-fMRI)作为一种非侵入性神经影像技术,能够揭示大脑在静息状态下的神经网络活动及其连接模式,为研究卒中后认知障碍的神经机制提供了重要手段。该文旨在探讨rs-fMRI在评估rTMS治疗卒中后认知障碍中的研究进展。展开更多
目的探讨体素镜像同伦连接(voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity,VMHC)与局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)在评价经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)改善脑卒中后认知障碍中的应用价值。材料与方...目的探讨体素镜像同伦连接(voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity,VMHC)与局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)在评价经颅直流电刺激(transcranial direct current stimulation,tDCS)改善脑卒中后认知障碍中的应用价值。材料与方法前瞻性纳入47名脑卒中后认知障碍(post-stroke cognitive impairment,PSCI)患者,随机分配到tDCS组与假刺激组,其中tDCS组23人,假刺激组24人,应用Mann-Whitney U检验比较两组患者在基线期与15天tDCS或假刺激治疗后认知量表评分变化值的差异,应用配对t检验比较两组患者在基线期与15天tDCS或假刺激治疗后VMHC与ReHo指标的差异,并提取差异脑区的VMHC与ReHo值与治疗前后认知量表评分的变化值进行相关性分析。结果tDCS组与假刺激组在治疗后的简易智能精神状态量表(Mini-Mental State Examination,MMSE)与蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal Cognitive Assessment,MoCA)评分均优于治疗前,但tDCS组具有更好的治疗效果,治疗后相较于治疗前MMSE与MoCA量表评分改善值更大,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);VMHC指标结果:tDCS组患者在治疗后,双侧岛叶、楔前叶的VMHC值升高(P<0.05,FDR校正),假刺激组患者在治疗后,在双侧枕上回的VMHC值升高(P<0.05,FDR校正);ReHo指标结果:tDCS组患者在治疗后,前扣带回和顶下缘角回的ReHo值升高(P<0.05,FDR校正),假刺激组患者在治疗后相较于治疗前,未见明显差异脑区;相关性分析:tDCS组患者在治疗后,双侧楔前叶VMHC增加的值与MMSE、MoCA量表评分的变化值呈现正相关,MMSE(r=0.47,P=0.02);MoCA(r=0.43,P=0.04);其他差异脑区与MMSE与MoCA量表评分变化值无明显相关性。结论tDCS联合常规康复治疗对PSCI患者的认知康复效果优于仅进行常规康复治疗手段,应用VMHC与ReHo发现tDCS的治疗机制可能与改善默认模式网络(default mode network,DMN)与突显网络(salience network,SN)中部分脑区在双侧大脑半球之间的功能连接与自发活动有关。展开更多
The influence of amiodarone on intracellular transport of calcium ion in cardiomyocytes of rat was investigated. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. Force-frequency dependence ...The influence of amiodarone on intracellular transport of calcium ion in cardiomyocytes of rat was investigated. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. Force-frequency dependence (0.7, 1, 2, 3, 4 Hz), extrasystolic and postextrasystolic contractions and post-rest (4-60 s) reactions of rat myocardium after amiodarone treatment (1 μM) were investigated. Decay potentiation coefficient of contraction force was estimated. Results. The analyses of force-frequency dependence has shown that amiodarone prevent the decreasing of the force contraction at increasing of the stimulation frequency. Amiodarone promotes increase of the time constant t1(T50), that indicate the drug promotes acceleration of Са2+ transport inside the SR resulting increase of Са2+ in the places of its release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Treatment of papillary muscle with amiodarone decreased amplitude of extrasystolic contractions. As known, postextrasystolic and post-rest reactions of myocardium characterize the SR function. We have found amiodarone increased potentiation of postextrasystolic and post-rest contractions. Preliminary caffeine perfusion of muscles preparations cancelled the amiodarone-induced increasing postextrasystolic and post-rest potentiation. However, potentiation decay coefficient before and after treatment with amiodarone didn’t have difference. Conclusions, amiodarone influences on intracellular calcium ions homeostasis by modulation SR functions related with most likely are stipulated either by activation of Са2+ transport from uptake sites to release sites or by prevent of Са2+ leakage from the SR.展开更多
目的结合1例病例循证诊断性腰穿术后卧床时间对头痛的影响。方法根据病人情况提出问题,全面检索Cochrane Library of CDSR、CCTR、DARE,NGC,Medline及中国生物医学文献数据库,获取并评价相关的系统评价、随机对照试验证据及临床指南。...目的结合1例病例循证诊断性腰穿术后卧床时间对头痛的影响。方法根据病人情况提出问题,全面检索Cochrane Library of CDSR、CCTR、DARE,NGC,Medline及中国生物医学文献数据库,获取并评价相关的系统评价、随机对照试验证据及临床指南。结果共检索到2篇系统评价,1篇随机对照试验,1篇指南。证据表明:卧床并不能减少PDPH的发生。根据证据结果和病人意愿,该病人诊断性腰穿术后去枕平卧30 min。术后4日未发生头痛。结论采用循证的方法可以为病人提供更科学、个性化的护理。展开更多
Objective To investigate the effects of ethanol on physiological characteristics of the isolated guinea pig left atrium and papillary muscles.Methods The effects of ethanol on contractility, post-rest potentiation a...Objective To investigate the effects of ethanol on physiological characteristics of the isolated guinea pig left atrium and papillary muscles.Methods The effects of ethanol on contractility, post-rest potentiation and positive staircase phenomenon were observed in isolated left atrium and papillary muscles of guinea pig.Results Ethanol(50.0,100.0,200.0mmol·L -1)prominently inhibited the contraction of papillary muscles. Ethanol(12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,200.0mmol·L -1) inhibited the contraction of left atrium, and markedly decreased the post-rest potentiation of myocardial contractility in left atrium. High concentration of ethanol(100,200mmol·L -1) depressed the positive staircase phenomenon of isolated guinea pig left atrium.Conclusion These results suggest that ethanol induces inhibitory effects of the contractility, post-rest potentiation, positive staircase phenomenon of left atrium. The mechanism by which ethanol induces the negative inotropic effects may be related to decrease the amount of calcium released from the intracellular stores.展开更多
Change of interval–force dependence of rat papillary muscles at acute and course use of amiodarone was investigated. Methods. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. The extrasyst...Change of interval–force dependence of rat papillary muscles at acute and course use of amiodarone was investigated. Methods. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. The extrasystolic (0,2-1,5 s), postextrasystolic contractions and post-rest (4-60 s) reactions of rat left papillary muscles perfused Krebs-Henseleit solution with amiodarone (1 μM) and papillary muscles of rat treated amiodarone in dose 20 mg/kg/day for 14 days were investigated. Results. It has been found that both acute and course use of amiodarone decreases the amplitude of extrasystolic contraction. At the same time, only acute use of amiodarone leads to additional enhancement of potentialtion of contractile response at extrasystolic impulse and performance of post-rest test. Conclusion was made, that both acute and course use of amiodarone decreases excitability of cardiomyocytes but only at course use this antiarrythmic drug increases effective refractory period of myocardium. Acute exposure of amiodarone is accompanied with change of functional state of cardiomyocyte sarcoplasmatic reticulum.展开更多
文摘卒中后认知障碍是脑卒中患者常见的后遗症,严重影响患者的生活质量和康复进程。重复经颅磁刺激(transcranial magnetic stimulation, rTMS),作为一种新兴的神经调控技术,已广泛应用于卒中后认知障碍的治疗。静息态功能磁共振成像(resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, rs-fMRI)作为一种非侵入性神经影像技术,能够揭示大脑在静息状态下的神经网络活动及其连接模式,为研究卒中后认知障碍的神经机制提供了重要手段。该文旨在探讨rs-fMRI在评估rTMS治疗卒中后认知障碍中的研究进展。
文摘The influence of amiodarone on intracellular transport of calcium ion in cardiomyocytes of rat was investigated. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. Force-frequency dependence (0.7, 1, 2, 3, 4 Hz), extrasystolic and postextrasystolic contractions and post-rest (4-60 s) reactions of rat myocardium after amiodarone treatment (1 μM) were investigated. Decay potentiation coefficient of contraction force was estimated. Results. The analyses of force-frequency dependence has shown that amiodarone prevent the decreasing of the force contraction at increasing of the stimulation frequency. Amiodarone promotes increase of the time constant t1(T50), that indicate the drug promotes acceleration of Са2+ transport inside the SR resulting increase of Са2+ in the places of its release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Treatment of papillary muscle with amiodarone decreased amplitude of extrasystolic contractions. As known, postextrasystolic and post-rest reactions of myocardium characterize the SR function. We have found amiodarone increased potentiation of postextrasystolic and post-rest contractions. Preliminary caffeine perfusion of muscles preparations cancelled the amiodarone-induced increasing postextrasystolic and post-rest potentiation. However, potentiation decay coefficient before and after treatment with amiodarone didn’t have difference. Conclusions, amiodarone influences on intracellular calcium ions homeostasis by modulation SR functions related with most likely are stipulated either by activation of Са2+ transport from uptake sites to release sites or by prevent of Са2+ leakage from the SR.
文摘目的结合1例病例循证诊断性腰穿术后卧床时间对头痛的影响。方法根据病人情况提出问题,全面检索Cochrane Library of CDSR、CCTR、DARE,NGC,Medline及中国生物医学文献数据库,获取并评价相关的系统评价、随机对照试验证据及临床指南。结果共检索到2篇系统评价,1篇随机对照试验,1篇指南。证据表明:卧床并不能减少PDPH的发生。根据证据结果和病人意愿,该病人诊断性腰穿术后去枕平卧30 min。术后4日未发生头痛。结论采用循证的方法可以为病人提供更科学、个性化的护理。
基金ThisresearchwassupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .39870 334No .39970 2 73) ,theHighEducationalSpecialResearchFoundationforDoctorialSubject (No.2 0 0 10 6 980 34)andKeyItemofScientificTechnologyforMinistryofEducation (No .0 116 1)
文摘Objective To investigate the effects of ethanol on physiological characteristics of the isolated guinea pig left atrium and papillary muscles.Methods The effects of ethanol on contractility, post-rest potentiation and positive staircase phenomenon were observed in isolated left atrium and papillary muscles of guinea pig.Results Ethanol(50.0,100.0,200.0mmol·L -1)prominently inhibited the contraction of papillary muscles. Ethanol(12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,200.0mmol·L -1) inhibited the contraction of left atrium, and markedly decreased the post-rest potentiation of myocardial contractility in left atrium. High concentration of ethanol(100,200mmol·L -1) depressed the positive staircase phenomenon of isolated guinea pig left atrium.Conclusion These results suggest that ethanol induces inhibitory effects of the contractility, post-rest potentiation, positive staircase phenomenon of left atrium. The mechanism by which ethanol induces the negative inotropic effects may be related to decrease the amount of calcium released from the intracellular stores.
文摘Change of interval–force dependence of rat papillary muscles at acute and course use of amiodarone was investigated. Methods. The experiments were performed on isolated papillary muscles of Wistar rats. The extrasystolic (0,2-1,5 s), postextrasystolic contractions and post-rest (4-60 s) reactions of rat left papillary muscles perfused Krebs-Henseleit solution with amiodarone (1 μM) and papillary muscles of rat treated amiodarone in dose 20 mg/kg/day for 14 days were investigated. Results. It has been found that both acute and course use of amiodarone decreases the amplitude of extrasystolic contraction. At the same time, only acute use of amiodarone leads to additional enhancement of potentialtion of contractile response at extrasystolic impulse and performance of post-rest test. Conclusion was made, that both acute and course use of amiodarone decreases excitability of cardiomyocytes but only at course use this antiarrythmic drug increases effective refractory period of myocardium. Acute exposure of amiodarone is accompanied with change of functional state of cardiomyocyte sarcoplasmatic reticulum.
