AIM To assess the prevalence of possible risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) and their agegroup specific trend among the general population and osteoarthritis patients.METHODS We utilized data from t...AIM To assess the prevalence of possible risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) and their agegroup specific trend among the general population and osteoarthritis patients.METHODS We utilized data from the National Health InsuranceService that included claims data and results of the national health check-up program. Comorbid conditions(peptic ulcer, diabetes, liver disease, chronic renal failure, and gastroesophageal reflux disease), concomitant drugs(aspirin, clopidogrel, cilostazol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroid, anticoagulants, and SSRI), personal habits(smoking, and alcohol consumption) were considered as possible UGIB risk factors. We randomly imputed the prevalence of infection in the data considering the age-specific prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection in Korea. The prevalence of various UGIB risk factors and the age-group specific trend of the prevalence were identified. Prevalence was compared between osteoarthritis patients and others.RESULTS A total of 801926 subjects(93855 osteoarthritis patients) aged 20 and above were included. The prevalence of individual and concurrent multiple risk factors became higher as the age increased. The prevalence of each comorbid condition and concomitant drug were higher in osteoarthritis patients. Thirty-five point zero two percent of the overall population and 68.50% of osteoarthritis patients had at least one or more risk factors of UGIB. The prevalence of individual and concurrent multiple risk factors in younger age groups were also substantial. Furthermore, when personal habits(smoking, and alcohol consumption) and H. pylori infection were included, the prevalence of concurrent multiple risk factors increased greatly even in younger age groups.CONCLUSION Prevalence of UGIB risk factors was high in elderly population, but was also considerable in younger population. Patient with osteoarthritis was at higher UGIB risk than those without osteoarthritis. Physicians s h o u ld c o n s id e r in d i v i d u a li z e d r i s k a s s e s s m e n t regardless of age when prescribing drugs or performing procedures that may increase the risk of UGIB, and take necessary measures to reduce modifiable risk factors such as H. pylori eradication or lifestyle counseling.展开更多
AIM:To develop normative data for meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)parameters,using non-contact meibography technique of Sirius Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici(CSO)machine,in an Egyptian population sample.METHODS:Obser...AIM:To develop normative data for meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)parameters,using non-contact meibography technique of Sirius Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici(CSO)machine,in an Egyptian population sample.METHODS:Observational,cross-sectional,analytic study,in which 104 Egyptian volunteers were included.Both upper lids were examined,using“Sirius CSO”machine.Each eyelid was given a degree of meibomian gland loss(MGL),which was calculated by the software of the machine.RESULTS:Mean percentage MGL in right upper lid was of 30.9%±12.6%,and that of left upper lid was 32.6%±11.8%.Thirty-four volunteers(32.7%)had first-degree MGL in their right upper lid,and 67.3%had second-degree loss.One volunteer(1%)had zero-degree MGL in left upper lid,28(26.9%)had first-degree loss,and 75(72.1%)had second-degree loss.Degree of MGL in right upper eyelid was not related to age,but degree of MGL in left upper eyelid increased with age.There was statistically significant difference between both genders for degree of MGL in right eye(P=0.036)and in left eye(P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Noncontact meibography is a useful non-invasive tool for diagnosing MGL.MGL is diagnosed in 100%of apparently normal individuals;26.9%-32.7%of which have first-degree MGL,and 67.3%-72.1%have second-degree MGL.展开更多
Objective To explore the prescribing patterns of outpatients receiving antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections(URTIs)in rural Western China and to identify the correlation in terms of doctors and patients c...Objective To explore the prescribing patterns of outpatients receiving antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections(URTIs)in rural Western China and to identify the correlation in terms of doctors and patients characteristics.Methods Totally 7 678 prescriptions for URTIs were collected from 680 primary health village clinics of 40 counties across 10 provinces of Western China.Two outcome variables were used in the analysis:the occurrence of prescribing at least one antibiotic drug for an URTI and the occurrence of prescribing two or more antibiotics for an URTI.GEE logistic regression models were used to examine the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of the above two outcome variables.Results The percentage of prescribing at least one antibiotic for URTIs was 48.6% while the percentage of prescribing antibiotic combination(two or more antibiotics)was 4.6%.The two measurements of antibiotic utilization differed remarkably among the 10 provinces.Patients diagnosed with tonsillitis and faucitis had higher odds(OR=8.86 for tonsillitis and OR=4.64 for faucitis)of antibiotic prescription than patients with other diagnosis of URTIs.Patients with tonsillitis and faucitis also had higher odds(OR=3.82 for tonsillitis and OR=2.71 for faucitis)of multiple antibiotic prescription than those with other diagnosis of URTIs.The number of drugs per prescription and injection in prescriptions were also significant predictors of antibiotic and multiple antibiotic utilization for URTIs.Conclusion It is concluded that the percentage of antibiotic prescription for URTIs is higher in rural Western China than in most of other countries with available data and that prescriptions of antibiotics for URTIs are associated with residence regions of patients,URTI diagnosis and background information on drug prescription.展开更多
目的探讨尿路上皮癌(UC)患者术前天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶(AST/ALT)比值与预后的关系。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed和Embase数据库,收集2024年8月前发表的关于术前AST/ALT预测UC预后的相关研究,根据纳入排除标准筛选文献,...目的探讨尿路上皮癌(UC)患者术前天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶(AST/ALT)比值与预后的关系。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed和Embase数据库,收集2024年8月前发表的关于术前AST/ALT预测UC预后的相关研究,根据纳入排除标准筛选文献,提取数据后使用STATA 15.0软件分析患者总生存期(OS)、肿瘤特异性生存期(CSS)和无复发生存期(RFS)的风险比(HR)及其95%可信区间(CI)。结果共纳入14篇文献,涉及8190例患者。术前AST/ALT比值升高的UC患者OS(合并HR=1.92,95%CI:1.38~2.67,P<0.001)、CSS(合并HR=2.12,95%CI:1.48~3.05,P<0.001)和RFS(合并HR=1.63,95%CI:1.27~2.10,P<0.001)均较差。在亚组分析中,相对于上尿路尿路上皮癌(UTUC),术前AST/ALT比值对膀胱癌(BCa)患者的OS、CSS和RFS有更高的预测价值(P≤0.001);而与高加索人群相比,术前AST/ALT比值对亚洲人群的OS、CSS和RFS有更高的预测价值(P<0.001)。结论在UC患者中,特别是亚洲UC患者,术前较高的AST/ALT比值与不良的OS、CSS和RFS显著相关。展开更多
基金Supported by Pfizer Pharmaceutical Korea Ltd,No.A3191378
文摘AIM To assess the prevalence of possible risk factors of upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) and their agegroup specific trend among the general population and osteoarthritis patients.METHODS We utilized data from the National Health InsuranceService that included claims data and results of the national health check-up program. Comorbid conditions(peptic ulcer, diabetes, liver disease, chronic renal failure, and gastroesophageal reflux disease), concomitant drugs(aspirin, clopidogrel, cilostazol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, steroid, anticoagulants, and SSRI), personal habits(smoking, and alcohol consumption) were considered as possible UGIB risk factors. We randomly imputed the prevalence of infection in the data considering the age-specific prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection in Korea. The prevalence of various UGIB risk factors and the age-group specific trend of the prevalence were identified. Prevalence was compared between osteoarthritis patients and others.RESULTS A total of 801926 subjects(93855 osteoarthritis patients) aged 20 and above were included. The prevalence of individual and concurrent multiple risk factors became higher as the age increased. The prevalence of each comorbid condition and concomitant drug were higher in osteoarthritis patients. Thirty-five point zero two percent of the overall population and 68.50% of osteoarthritis patients had at least one or more risk factors of UGIB. The prevalence of individual and concurrent multiple risk factors in younger age groups were also substantial. Furthermore, when personal habits(smoking, and alcohol consumption) and H. pylori infection were included, the prevalence of concurrent multiple risk factors increased greatly even in younger age groups.CONCLUSION Prevalence of UGIB risk factors was high in elderly population, but was also considerable in younger population. Patient with osteoarthritis was at higher UGIB risk than those without osteoarthritis. Physicians s h o u ld c o n s id e r in d i v i d u a li z e d r i s k a s s e s s m e n t regardless of age when prescribing drugs or performing procedures that may increase the risk of UGIB, and take necessary measures to reduce modifiable risk factors such as H. pylori eradication or lifestyle counseling.
文摘AIM:To develop normative data for meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)parameters,using non-contact meibography technique of Sirius Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici(CSO)machine,in an Egyptian population sample.METHODS:Observational,cross-sectional,analytic study,in which 104 Egyptian volunteers were included.Both upper lids were examined,using“Sirius CSO”machine.Each eyelid was given a degree of meibomian gland loss(MGL),which was calculated by the software of the machine.RESULTS:Mean percentage MGL in right upper lid was of 30.9%±12.6%,and that of left upper lid was 32.6%±11.8%.Thirty-four volunteers(32.7%)had first-degree MGL in their right upper lid,and 67.3%had second-degree loss.One volunteer(1%)had zero-degree MGL in left upper lid,28(26.9%)had first-degree loss,and 75(72.1%)had second-degree loss.Degree of MGL in right upper eyelid was not related to age,but degree of MGL in left upper eyelid increased with age.There was statistically significant difference between both genders for degree of MGL in right eye(P=0.036)and in left eye(P=0.027).CONCLUSION:Noncontact meibography is a useful non-invasive tool for diagnosing MGL.MGL is diagnosed in 100%of apparently normal individuals;26.9%-32.7%of which have first-degree MGL,and 67.3%-72.1%have second-degree MGL.
基金supported by the Chinese Ministry of Health and the United Nations Children's Fund(UNICEF)(No.YH001)
文摘Objective To explore the prescribing patterns of outpatients receiving antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections(URTIs)in rural Western China and to identify the correlation in terms of doctors and patients characteristics.Methods Totally 7 678 prescriptions for URTIs were collected from 680 primary health village clinics of 40 counties across 10 provinces of Western China.Two outcome variables were used in the analysis:the occurrence of prescribing at least one antibiotic drug for an URTI and the occurrence of prescribing two or more antibiotics for an URTI.GEE logistic regression models were used to examine the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of the above two outcome variables.Results The percentage of prescribing at least one antibiotic for URTIs was 48.6% while the percentage of prescribing antibiotic combination(two or more antibiotics)was 4.6%.The two measurements of antibiotic utilization differed remarkably among the 10 provinces.Patients diagnosed with tonsillitis and faucitis had higher odds(OR=8.86 for tonsillitis and OR=4.64 for faucitis)of antibiotic prescription than patients with other diagnosis of URTIs.Patients with tonsillitis and faucitis also had higher odds(OR=3.82 for tonsillitis and OR=2.71 for faucitis)of multiple antibiotic prescription than those with other diagnosis of URTIs.The number of drugs per prescription and injection in prescriptions were also significant predictors of antibiotic and multiple antibiotic utilization for URTIs.Conclusion It is concluded that the percentage of antibiotic prescription for URTIs is higher in rural Western China than in most of other countries with available data and that prescriptions of antibiotics for URTIs are associated with residence regions of patients,URTI diagnosis and background information on drug prescription.
文摘目的探讨尿路上皮癌(UC)患者术前天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶(AST/ALT)比值与预后的关系。方法系统检索Web of Science、PubMed和Embase数据库,收集2024年8月前发表的关于术前AST/ALT预测UC预后的相关研究,根据纳入排除标准筛选文献,提取数据后使用STATA 15.0软件分析患者总生存期(OS)、肿瘤特异性生存期(CSS)和无复发生存期(RFS)的风险比(HR)及其95%可信区间(CI)。结果共纳入14篇文献,涉及8190例患者。术前AST/ALT比值升高的UC患者OS(合并HR=1.92,95%CI:1.38~2.67,P<0.001)、CSS(合并HR=2.12,95%CI:1.48~3.05,P<0.001)和RFS(合并HR=1.63,95%CI:1.27~2.10,P<0.001)均较差。在亚组分析中,相对于上尿路尿路上皮癌(UTUC),术前AST/ALT比值对膀胱癌(BCa)患者的OS、CSS和RFS有更高的预测价值(P≤0.001);而与高加索人群相比,术前AST/ALT比值对亚洲人群的OS、CSS和RFS有更高的预测价值(P<0.001)。结论在UC患者中,特别是亚洲UC患者,术前较高的AST/ALT比值与不良的OS、CSS和RFS显著相关。
