Polyphenols,a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants,have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases(NDs).The Wnt/β-cateni...Polyphenols,a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants,have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases(NDs).The Wnt/β-catenin(WβC)signaling pathway,a crucial player in neurogenesis,neuronal survival,and synaptic plasticity,is involved in several cellular mechanisms related to NDs.Dysregulation of this pathway is a hallmark in the development of various NDs.This study explores multiple polyphenolic compounds,such as flavonoids,stilbenes,lignans,and phenolic acids,and their potential to protect the nervous system.It provides a comprehensive analysis of their effects on the WβC pathway,elucidating their modes of action.The study highlights the dual function of polyphenols in regulating and protecting the nervous system,providing reassurance about the research benefits.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the results obtained from both in vitro studies and in vivo research,shedding light on how these substances influence the various components of the pathway.The focus is mainly on the molecular mechanisms that allow polyphenols to reduce oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptotic processes,ultimately improving the function and survival of neurons.This study aims to offer a thorough understanding of the potential of polyphenols in targeting the WβC signaling pathway,which could lead to the development of innovative therapeutic options for NDs.展开更多
High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-poly...High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-polyphenol coordination system to prepare HEA NPs enclosed in N-doped carbon(FeCoNiCrMn)with great potential for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The unique high-entropy structural characteristics in FeCoNiCrMn facilitate effective interplay between metal species,leading to improved ORR(E_(1/2)=0.89 V)and OER(η=330 mV,j=10 mA·cm^(−2))activity.Additionally,FeCoNiCrMn exhibits excellent open-circuit voltage(1.523 V),power density(110 mW·cm^(−2))and long-term durability,outperforming Pt/C+IrO_(2) electrodes as a cathode catalyst in Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Such polyphenol-assisted alloying method broadens and simplifies the development of HEA electrocatalysts for high-performance ZABs.展开更多
Aiming to provide a theoretical basis for possible uses of flaxseed as a food supplement and functional ingredient, the heat treatment of flaxseed was carried out using steaming, roasting, and microwave methods to inv...Aiming to provide a theoretical basis for possible uses of flaxseed as a food supplement and functional ingredient, the heat treatment of flaxseed was carried out using steaming, roasting, and microwave methods to investigate the detoxification effects of these three pretreatment methods on flaxseed, as well as the impact of the three methods on the quality of flaxseed. The results showed that all three pretreatment methods had better detoxification effects on flaxseed, in which, microwave treatment was the most effective method. After 5 min of microwave treatment, the hydrogen cyanide(HCN) content in flaxseed decreased from(94.65±1.68) mg/kg to(7.80±0.57) mg/kg. All three pretreatment methods significantly reduced the water content in flaxseed but had a weaker effect on protein, fat, and ash contents. After pretreatment by the three methods, the polyphenol content, peroxide value(POV), and a*value of flaxseed increased significantly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) content, amino acid content, and L*, W*, and b*values decreased, with varying degrees of wrinkles and cracks appearing on the surface of flaxseed, and the overall signal pattern of FTIR spectra did not change much. During the 40℃ accelerated storage process, the quality of flaxseed treated by all three preheating methods generally declined, and correlation analysis revealed that color change was a good indicator of quality changes in flaxseed. Notably, all three pretreatment methods extended the shelf-life of flaxseed. Compared with steaming(120℃ for 20 min) and roasting(100℃ for 40 min), microwave(560 W for 4 min) is recommended to remove cyanogenic glycosides and improve the stability and quality characteristics of flaxseed.展开更多
Acetaminophen(APAP)used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent can cause acute liver injury(AILI)under overdose.Sanghuangporous vaninii is an edible fungus with abundant metabolites exhibits excellent hepatoprotective ...Acetaminophen(APAP)used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent can cause acute liver injury(AILI)under overdose.Sanghuangporous vaninii is an edible fungus with abundant metabolites exhibits excellent hepatoprotective activities,but the effect for AILI is not yet fully understood.In this study,the polyphenol rich extract from S.vaninii(PSV)was prepared,with a total phenolic content of 75.72%and 34 compounds.The data of hepatoprotection indicated that PSV obviously alleviated the hepatocellular injury induced by APAP in vivo and in vitro.The protective mechanism of PSV against APAP-induced AILI might be attributed to the activating NRF2/GPX4 pathway.Based on network pharmacology analysis,the active components of PSV such as caffeic acid,osmundacetone and hispolone played a key role in hepatoprotection of PSV.Consequently,this study highlights the protection of PSV on AILI,which provides new insight into bioactivities of S.vaninii.展开更多
Quinoa is pseudo cereal and considered as full nutritional food for its functional ingredients such as peptides,polysaccharides,saponins and polyphenols.Up to now,over 20 phenolic compounds have been reported in quino...Quinoa is pseudo cereal and considered as full nutritional food for its functional ingredients such as peptides,polysaccharides,saponins and polyphenols.Up to now,over 20 phenolic compounds have been reported in quinoa,and these polyphenols are related to anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,anti-obesity,anti-diabetic and cardioprotective activities.Recently,more and more attentions are focused on quinoa in the food and pharmaceutical fields.Many new products such as bakery,beverage and meat product made from quinoa are popular in the market.This article presents a review of the literature on the function and application of polyphenols in quinoa.The review will benefit the researchers working with nutrition,functional diets of quinoa.展开更多
Epilepsy is a devastating neurological condition that affects over 70 million people worldwide.Apart from idiopathic epilepsy,numerous diseases have been reported to cause secondary epilepsy.Polyphenols,ubiquitously e...Epilepsy is a devastating neurological condition that affects over 70 million people worldwide.Apart from idiopathic epilepsy,numerous diseases have been reported to cause secondary epilepsy.Polyphenols,ubiquitously existing in fruits and vegetables,has become a promising neuroprotective candidate against multiple neurological abnormalities due to its interplay with gut microbiome composed of the bacterial population in gastrointestinal system.This bioactive compound is also being tested for the management of epileptogenesis.However,there is still insufficient evidence from mechanistic studies to demonstrate the causal relationship between anti-epileptic effect of polyphenols and microbial alteration.In this review,we provide the brief overview of epilepsy,polyphenols and gut microbiota.We then analysis the association of polyphenols and gut microbiota particularly in the epilepsy and symptomatic seizures-induced by epilepsy related disorders.We also discuss the possibility for the combined application with probiotics to improve the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of polyphenols for expanding its anti-epileptic function.We finally summarize the therapeutic potential of anti-seizure polyphenols through affecting gut microbiome,and propose that the anti-epileptic effect of polyphenols may be tightly relevant to intestinal bacterial flora for overcoming epilepsy and its comorbidities simultaneously.Therefore,the dietary polyphenols targeting specific bacteria may achieve the outcome of‘one stone,two birds’.展开更多
Polyphenol is a kind of natural active substance with immunoregulatory activity.In this study,the immunoregulatory activities of Sargassum carpophyllum polyphenol(SCP)on the allergic reactions induced by shrimp tropom...Polyphenol is a kind of natural active substance with immunoregulatory activity.In this study,the immunoregulatory activities of Sargassum carpophyllum polyphenol(SCP)on the allergic reactions induced by shrimp tropomyosin were investigated.As the results,the SCP performed high hyaluronidase inhibition ability,which even greater than sodium chromoglycate(an anti-allergic medicine).SCP was able to affect the allergic reactions of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells via regulating the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2(JNK1/2),extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2(Erk1/2)and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cellular signaling pathways,weakened the degranulation degree and secretion of interleukin-4(IL-4),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and histamine,and promoted the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)from RBL-2H3 mast cells.In BALB/c mouse model assay,after gavage of SCP,the mouse allergic symptoms got significantly alleviated,the cytokine(IL-4,IL-10 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ))secretion of mouse spleen lymphocytes were significantly declined and the allergic lung damage was relieved,which indicated SCP performed strong both in vitro and in vivo anti-allergic functions.Therefore,SCP could serve as candidate anti-allergic bioactive substances for shrimp induced allergy via immunoregulation.展开更多
Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options.Despite recent advances,conventional treatment approaches remain largely ineffective due to late diagnosis,chemore-sis...Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options.Despite recent advances,conventional treatment approaches remain largely ineffective due to late diagnosis,chemore-sistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.This review reports the latest studies on combination therapies for mesothelioma,focusing on the potential of integrating chemotherapeutic agents,molecularly targeted agents,vaccines and natural bioactive compounds such as polyphenols.Clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate that integrating immune-modulating drugs or molecular inhibitors with chemotherapy can improve survival and reduce tumor progression in mesothelioma models and patients.Vaccine-based strategies show potential for inducing host-persistent immune responses when combined with conventional treatments.Moreover,natural compounds such as polyphenols show synergistic effects with chemotherapeutics and targeted agents by modulating several signaling pathways involved in cancer cell growth and progression and by overcoming drug resistance.While several combination strategies are under clinical investigation,further studies are needed to develop more effective and personalized therapeutic approaches that could be translated into standardized treatment protocols.展开更多
Flaxseed oil,a key source of plant-based ω-3α-linolenic acid,is susceptible to oxidation and hazardous substance formation during refining and storage.This study evaluated the effects of refining stages(crude,degumm...Flaxseed oil,a key source of plant-based ω-3α-linolenic acid,is susceptible to oxidation and hazardous substance formation during refining and storage.This study evaluated the effects of refining stages(crude,degumming,complete refining)on aldehydes,trans fatty acids,and oxidative stability in flaxseed oil.The results indicate that heat-pressed oil has dark color with high a*and b*values,but exhibits the relatively highest oxidative stability during the oxidation process.However,compared to cold-pressing,heat-pressing promotes the generation of three additional aldehydes,butenal,nonanal,and trans,trans-2,4-decadienal.Degumming optimizes the color of crude oil while maintaining α-linolenic acid.In contrast,complete refining(degumming,deacidification,bleaching,and deodorization)caused the loss of substantial carotenoids and polyphenols,and α-linolenic acid decreased by 3.48%–4.47%,as well as a large amount of production of trans fatty acids.In addition,complete refining not only leads to the formation of newborn acrolein and trans-2-nominal but also results in a significant increase in most aldehydes concentration.This study provides a reference for the processing of flaxseed oil when considering the formation of hazardous substances induced by the oxidation and isomerization of polyunsaturated fatty acids.展开更多
Depression is a common psychiatric condition with a considerable influence on global health.Although current pharmacotherapeutic choices are of indisputable relevance,there is sustained interest in natural medicines f...Depression is a common psychiatric condition with a considerable influence on global health.Although current pharmacotherapeutic choices are of indisputable relevance,there is sustained interest in natural medicines for treating depressive symptoms.Polyphenols,a class of plant-derived natural compounds,have received attention due to their possible neuroprotective and anti-depressive properties.In this review,we aimed to present the intricate mechanisms through which polyphenols modulate inflammation,neurogenesis,oxidative stress,and the gut microbiota.Consumption of polyphenol-rich diets is emerging as a non-invasive,natural,and cost-effective approach to supporting brain health,with potential influence on depressive symptoms.While there have been promising results,more research is needed to draw solid conclusions regarding the medicinal potential of polyphenols.展开更多
The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology and molecular docking.The TCMSP pharmacology database was used ...The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology and molecular docking.The TCMSP pharmacology database was used to screen the polyphenols present in sea buckthorn,and then the SwissTargetPrediction and Uniprot databases were used to obtain the potential targets of sea buckthorn polyphenols,which were supplemented by the literature.In total,7 polyphenols and 154 potential targets were obtained.Through GeneCards,OMIM database,1358 hyperlipidemia-related targets were collected.We found that there were 101 targets at the intersection of components and diseases.Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,27 core targets were obtained,which were AKT1,TNF,TP53,IL-6,etc.in order of degree value.174 pathways were obtained from KEGG enrichment analysis,including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,fl uid shear stress and atherosclerosis,lipid and atherosclerosis,etc.The molecular docking of the main components to the targets was performed using OpenBabelGUI,AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software.Finally,the results were visualized using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software.The molecular docking results showed that sea buckthorn polyphenols have good binding ability with the key targets.Among them,such as quercetin and kaempferol,have good binding ability with TNF,TP53 and IL-6.For example,TNF binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.34 kcal/mol and to kaempferol with a binding energy of-6.22 kcal/mol;TP53 binds to kaempferol with a binding energy of-5.32 kcal/mol;IL-6 binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.62 kcal/mol,etc.Therefore,the network pharmacology study showed that the treatment of hyperlipidemia by sea buckthorn polyphenols can be realized by multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway together,which provides some reference for the later study of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.展开更多
The considerable hazard posed by periprosthetic joint infections underlines the urgent need for the rapid advancement of in-situ drug delivery systems within joint materials.However,the pursuit of sustained antibacter...The considerable hazard posed by periprosthetic joint infections underlines the urgent need for the rapid advancement of in-situ drug delivery systems within joint materials.However,the pursuit of sustained antibacterial efficacy remains a formidable challenge.In this context,we proposed a novel strategy that leverages swelling and erosion mechanisms to facilitate drug release of drug-loaded ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE),thereby ensuring its long-lasting antibacterial performance.Polyethylene oxide(PEO),a hydrophilic polymer with fast hydrating ability and high swelling capacity,was incorporated in UHMWPE alongside the antibacterial tea polyphenol(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG as representative).The swelling of PEO enhanced water infiltration into the matrix,while the erosion of PEO balanced the release of the encapsulated EGCG,resulting in a steady release.The behavior was supported by the EGCG release profiles and the corresponding fitted release kinetic models.As demonstrated by segmented antibacterial assessments,the antibacterial efficiency was enhanced 2to 3 times in the PEO/EGCG/UHMWPE composite compared to that of EGCG/UHMWPE.Additionally,the PEO/EGCG/UHMWPE composite exhibited favorable biocompatibility and mechanical performance,making it a potential candidate for the development of drug-releasing joint implants to combat prosthetic bacterial infections.展开更多
Jarilla caudata Standl.(Caricaceae)is a wild herbaceous plant native to Mexico recognized for its edible fruits.It is considered to be the closest taxonomically species to Carica papaya L.(Caricaceae),whose seeds have...Jarilla caudata Standl.(Caricaceae)is a wild herbaceous plant native to Mexico recognized for its edible fruits.It is considered to be the closest taxonomically species to Carica papaya L.(Caricaceae),whose seeds have good nutritional and functional properties.This study analyzes and compares the seed chemical compositions of J.caudata and C.papaya to study the nutritional and functional potential of J.caudata seeds.The analysis of the proximate composition was based on standard methods.High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the free amino acid profile,gas chromatography to quantify the fatty acid content,and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry to measure minerals.Both J.caudata and C.papaya seeds have high protein(24.03%to 26.94%)and lipid(21.32%to 25.07%)content.The mineral study indicated high potassium,calcium,iron,and zinc content.Minor functional compounds present,with similar contents in J.caudata and C.papaya seeds,were soluble sugars,phytic acid,polyphenols,and pectin.The main fatty acid in seed oil was oleic acid(C18:1),with 61.4%in J.caudata seeds and 72.6%in C.papaya seeds.Among free amino acids,leucine with 6.9/100 g free amino acids and phenylalanine with 13.6/100 g free amino acids were the most abundant in the seeds of J.caudata and C.papaya,respectively.Polyphenols of J.caudata and C.papaya seeds showed similar antioxidant activity.J.caudata seeds may represent a useful source of nutritional compounds for food and feeding,and functional compounds with antioxidant activity.展开更多
The absence of trace amounts of natural bioactive compounds with important biological activities in traditional dietary models for global farm animals,coupled with an incomplete theoretical system for animal nutrition...The absence of trace amounts of natural bioactive compounds with important biological activities in traditional dietary models for global farm animals,coupled with an incomplete theoretical system for animal nutrition,has led to unbalanced and inadequate animal nutrition.This deficiency has adversely impacted animal health and the ecological environment,presenting formidable challenges to the advancement of the swine breeding industry in various countries around the world toward high-quality development.Recently,due to the ban of antibiotics for growth promotion in swine diets,botanical active compounds have been extensively investigated as feed additives.Polyphenols represent a broad group of plant secondary metabolites.They are natural,non-toxic,pollution-free,and highly reproducible compounds that have a wide range of physiological functions,such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,antiviral,antibacterial,and metabolic activities.Accordingly,polyphenols have been widely studied and used as feed additives in swine production.This review summarizes the structural characteristics,classification,current application situation,general properties of polyphenols,and the latest research advances on their use in swine production.Additionally,the research and application bottlenecks and future development of plant polyphenols in the animal feed industry are reviewed and prospected.This review aims to stimulate the in-depth study of natural plant polyphenols and the research and development of related products in order to promote the green,healthy,and high-quality development of swine production,while also providing ideas for the innovation and development in the theoretical system of animal nutrition.展开更多
Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,querce...Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,quercetin,phlorizin,chlorogenic acid,and epicatechin in apple polyphenols through the regulation of signal pathways and transcription factors,and the inhibition or induction of enzymes.Massive food applications of apple polyphenols are summarized,including excellent color protection of fruits and vegetables,meat preservation,preparation of composite packaging fi lms as active ingredients,enhancement of nutritional value as functional ingredients,and improvement of food taste and physical stability.This review would provide a reference for the exploration of apple polyphenol resources and its development in the food field.展开更多
Emerging evidence highlights the potential of bioactive compounds,particularly polyphenols,as adjunctive therapeutic agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive malignancies.This review...Emerging evidence highlights the potential of bioactive compounds,particularly polyphenols,as adjunctive therapeutic agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive malignancies.This review focuses on epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and resveratrol due to their extensively documented anticancer activity,favorable safety profiles,and their unique ability to modulate multiple signaling pathways relevant to pan-creatic tumorigenesis.Among polyphenols,these two have shown superior anti-cancer activity,epigenetic regulatory effects,and synergy with standard chemotherapies in preclinical pancreatic cancer models.Resveratrol exhibits anti-proliferative effects by modulating key signaling pathways,including phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),and tumor protein 53(p53).EGCG exerts anti-cancer activity by targeting multiple cellular processes,such as oxidative stress reduction,and suppression of inflammatory mediators like Interleukin-6(IL-6)and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α(TNF-α).Both EGCG and resveratrol exert anti-pancreatic cancer effects partly through direct interactions with cell surface receptors and modulation of intracellular cascades.EGCG targets the 67 kDa laminin receptor(67LR),which is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells,triggering apoptosis,cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)production and activation of the PKCδ/acid sphingomyelinase(ASM)cascade.Resveratrol inhibits insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)activation of the PI3K/Akt and Wnt signaling pathways,while concurrently activating tumor suppressor p53.These interactions suppress proliferation,promote apoptosis,and reduce epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),thereby limiting tumor progression.Both polyphenols enhance chemosensitivity and reduce resistance to conventional therapies,including gemcitabine,by modulating drug transporters and apoptotic pathways.Furthermore,their epigenetic influence,particularly via DNA methylation and histone modification,suggests a broader role in pancreatic cancer prevention.Understanding the roles and mechanisms of resveratrol and EGCG in pancreatic cancer provides valuable insights into novel treatment strategies.The integration of polyphenols into conventional therapeutic approaches may offer new hope for improving patient outcomes.展开更多
Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and const...Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and constant movement of the lips and tongue,presents challenges for conventional drug delivery systems due to its suboptimal adhesion.Therefore,there is a need for the development of adhesive materials specifically designed for use within the oral cavity.In this research,a sticky coacervate incorporating tea polyphenols(TP)was formulated based on the adhesive properties observed in sandcastle worms.The coacervate is composed of Pluronic F68(F68)and TP,synthesized through the coacervation reaction.The F68-TP coacervates are attached to porcine skin easily.It also reduces bacterial viability and has the ability to clear reactive oxygen species.In animal ulcer models,these coacervates demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and enhance collagen and muscle fiber synthesis.Overall,these adhesive coacervates with antioxidative and antibacterial properties hold potential as a therapeutic option for oral ulcers in the oral cavity.展开更多
Gut microbiota regulate the activation of adipose browning,which promote energy dissipation and combat diet-induced obesity.Pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs)have been shown to reduce obesity,regulate lipid metabolism...Gut microbiota regulate the activation of adipose browning,which promote energy dissipation and combat diet-induced obesity.Pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs)have been shown to reduce obesity,regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue,and modulate the composition of gut microbiota in animal fed high-fat diet(HFD).However,the role of gut microbiota in the improvement of obesity by PPPs has not been elucidated.In current study,we applied antibiotics to inhibit gut microbiota in mice fed HFD and treated with PPPs.The results showed that the inhibition of gut microbiota impair the effect of PPPs on reducing obesity and promoting adipose browning,and change the fecal metabolomic profiles in respond to PPPs.Moreover,the inhibition of gut microbiota supressed the promotive effects of PPPs on the levels of Akkermansia and microbiota-related metabolites,such as urolithin A,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and bile acids(BAs),which were associated with activating adipose browning.Therefore,our results suggested that the presence of gut microbiota is essential for PPPs to ameliorate HFD-induced obesity.The related bacteria or metabolites generated by the interaction between PPPs and microbiota promote adipose browning and facilitate the beneficial effects of PPPs.展开更多
Sunflower leaf photosynthesis strongly depends on the leaf position in the plant stem conditioning,which directly affects other physiological processes.Therefore,a study of the leaf’s physiological status regarding t...Sunflower leaf photosynthesis strongly depends on the leaf position in the plant stem conditioning,which directly affects other physiological processes.Therefore,a study of the leaf’s physiological status regarding the leaf position in the stem was performed on sunflowers in the flowering stage.Eight differently positioned leaves were investigated,starting with the youngest leaf on the top of the stem to the leaves of the stem bottom,assigned as the oldest senescent leaves.According to chlorophyll fluorescence(ChlF)parameters connected to photosystem II(PSII)processes,significant changes in PSII functioning occurred only in the senescent leaves,while photosystem I(PSI)describing parameters showed a linear decrease with leaf age,i.e.,position on the stem.The antioxidative status of the leaves was dynamic,as stress indicators(lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide content)fluctuated regarding leaf position on the stem,but no link was found between the activities of antioxidative enzymes and oxidative stress indicators.Linear decrease trend of secondary metabolites(mainly phenolic compounds)correlated with antioxidant activity,except for some phenolic acids(caffeic and ferulic acid),which increased in senescent leaves.The most changes in the physiological status of the leaves were confirmed in senescent leaves,which stand out the importance of younger leaves in maintaining the plant’s vitality after flowering,which is the most important for sunflower yield.展开更多
General Rules.Journal of Polyphenols publishes research articles,reviews and short communications in English,on the fields of the science and technology of plant polyphenols.Cover Letters.The journal requires a cover ...General Rules.Journal of Polyphenols publishes research articles,reviews and short communications in English,on the fields of the science and technology of plant polyphenols.Cover Letters.The journal requires a cover letter be included in submissions.A cover letter should explain why this topic is important,why these results are significant and what the novelty of this work is.展开更多
基金financially supporting this work through the Large Research Group Project under Grant no.R.G.P.2/509/45
文摘Polyphenols,a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants,have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic properties in treating neurodegenerative diseases(NDs).The Wnt/β-catenin(WβC)signaling pathway,a crucial player in neurogenesis,neuronal survival,and synaptic plasticity,is involved in several cellular mechanisms related to NDs.Dysregulation of this pathway is a hallmark in the development of various NDs.This study explores multiple polyphenolic compounds,such as flavonoids,stilbenes,lignans,and phenolic acids,and their potential to protect the nervous system.It provides a comprehensive analysis of their effects on the WβC pathway,elucidating their modes of action.The study highlights the dual function of polyphenols in regulating and protecting the nervous system,providing reassurance about the research benefits.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the results obtained from both in vitro studies and in vivo research,shedding light on how these substances influence the various components of the pathway.The focus is mainly on the molecular mechanisms that allow polyphenols to reduce oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptotic processes,ultimately improving the function and survival of neurons.This study aims to offer a thorough understanding of the potential of polyphenols in targeting the WβC signaling pathway,which could lead to the development of innovative therapeutic options for NDs.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.22120230104).
文摘High-entropy alloy(HEA)nanoparticles(NPs)have attracted great attention in electrocatalysis due to their tailorable complex compositions and unique properties.Herein,we introduce Fe,Co,Ni,Cr and Mn into the metal-polyphenol coordination system to prepare HEA NPs enclosed in N-doped carbon(FeCoNiCrMn)with great potential for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The unique high-entropy structural characteristics in FeCoNiCrMn facilitate effective interplay between metal species,leading to improved ORR(E_(1/2)=0.89 V)and OER(η=330 mV,j=10 mA·cm^(−2))activity.Additionally,FeCoNiCrMn exhibits excellent open-circuit voltage(1.523 V),power density(110 mW·cm^(−2))and long-term durability,outperforming Pt/C+IrO_(2) electrodes as a cathode catalyst in Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Such polyphenol-assisted alloying method broadens and simplifies the development of HEA electrocatalysts for high-performance ZABs.
基金Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Project (2022JJ11CG008)。
文摘Aiming to provide a theoretical basis for possible uses of flaxseed as a food supplement and functional ingredient, the heat treatment of flaxseed was carried out using steaming, roasting, and microwave methods to investigate the detoxification effects of these three pretreatment methods on flaxseed, as well as the impact of the three methods on the quality of flaxseed. The results showed that all three pretreatment methods had better detoxification effects on flaxseed, in which, microwave treatment was the most effective method. After 5 min of microwave treatment, the hydrogen cyanide(HCN) content in flaxseed decreased from(94.65±1.68) mg/kg to(7.80±0.57) mg/kg. All three pretreatment methods significantly reduced the water content in flaxseed but had a weaker effect on protein, fat, and ash contents. After pretreatment by the three methods, the polyphenol content, peroxide value(POV), and a*value of flaxseed increased significantly, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) content, amino acid content, and L*, W*, and b*values decreased, with varying degrees of wrinkles and cracks appearing on the surface of flaxseed, and the overall signal pattern of FTIR spectra did not change much. During the 40℃ accelerated storage process, the quality of flaxseed treated by all three preheating methods generally declined, and correlation analysis revealed that color change was a good indicator of quality changes in flaxseed. Notably, all three pretreatment methods extended the shelf-life of flaxseed. Compared with steaming(120℃ for 20 min) and roasting(100℃ for 40 min), microwave(560 W for 4 min) is recommended to remove cyanogenic glycosides and improve the stability and quality characteristics of flaxseed.
基金supported by the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(24QB2702300)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(22N51900100).
文摘Acetaminophen(APAP)used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent can cause acute liver injury(AILI)under overdose.Sanghuangporous vaninii is an edible fungus with abundant metabolites exhibits excellent hepatoprotective activities,but the effect for AILI is not yet fully understood.In this study,the polyphenol rich extract from S.vaninii(PSV)was prepared,with a total phenolic content of 75.72%and 34 compounds.The data of hepatoprotection indicated that PSV obviously alleviated the hepatocellular injury induced by APAP in vivo and in vitro.The protective mechanism of PSV against APAP-induced AILI might be attributed to the activating NRF2/GPX4 pathway.Based on network pharmacology analysis,the active components of PSV such as caffeic acid,osmundacetone and hispolone played a key role in hepatoprotection of PSV.Consequently,this study highlights the protection of PSV on AILI,which provides new insight into bioactivities of S.vaninii.
文摘Quinoa is pseudo cereal and considered as full nutritional food for its functional ingredients such as peptides,polysaccharides,saponins and polyphenols.Up to now,over 20 phenolic compounds have been reported in quinoa,and these polyphenols are related to anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,anti-obesity,anti-diabetic and cardioprotective activities.Recently,more and more attentions are focused on quinoa in the food and pharmaceutical fields.Many new products such as bakery,beverage and meat product made from quinoa are popular in the market.This article presents a review of the literature on the function and application of polyphenols in quinoa.The review will benefit the researchers working with nutrition,functional diets of quinoa.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Committee of China(81971212,81601129)Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Technological Innovation Talent Support Program(RC210268)Liaoning Province Natural Science Foundation(2023-MS-153).
文摘Epilepsy is a devastating neurological condition that affects over 70 million people worldwide.Apart from idiopathic epilepsy,numerous diseases have been reported to cause secondary epilepsy.Polyphenols,ubiquitously existing in fruits and vegetables,has become a promising neuroprotective candidate against multiple neurological abnormalities due to its interplay with gut microbiome composed of the bacterial population in gastrointestinal system.This bioactive compound is also being tested for the management of epileptogenesis.However,there is still insufficient evidence from mechanistic studies to demonstrate the causal relationship between anti-epileptic effect of polyphenols and microbial alteration.In this review,we provide the brief overview of epilepsy,polyphenols and gut microbiota.We then analysis the association of polyphenols and gut microbiota particularly in the epilepsy and symptomatic seizures-induced by epilepsy related disorders.We also discuss the possibility for the combined application with probiotics to improve the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of polyphenols for expanding its anti-epileptic function.We finally summarize the therapeutic potential of anti-seizure polyphenols through affecting gut microbiome,and propose that the anti-epileptic effect of polyphenols may be tightly relevant to intestinal bacterial flora for overcoming epilepsy and its comorbidities simultaneously.Therefore,the dietary polyphenols targeting specific bacteria may achieve the outcome of‘one stone,two birds’.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102091)Fujian Province Specialized Project of Promoting High-Quality Development of Marine and Fishery Industry(FJHYF-L-2023-26)+4 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021QC086)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M693026)Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province(862105033022)Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project(862105040045)Research Funding of Ocean University of China(862001013187).
文摘Polyphenol is a kind of natural active substance with immunoregulatory activity.In this study,the immunoregulatory activities of Sargassum carpophyllum polyphenol(SCP)on the allergic reactions induced by shrimp tropomyosin were investigated.As the results,the SCP performed high hyaluronidase inhibition ability,which even greater than sodium chromoglycate(an anti-allergic medicine).SCP was able to affect the allergic reactions of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells via regulating the nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2(JNK1/2),extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2(Erk1/2)and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cellular signaling pathways,weakened the degranulation degree and secretion of interleukin-4(IL-4),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and histamine,and promoted the secretion of interleukin-10(IL-10)from RBL-2H3 mast cells.In BALB/c mouse model assay,after gavage of SCP,the mouse allergic symptoms got significantly alleviated,the cytokine(IL-4,IL-10 and interferon-γ(IFN-γ))secretion of mouse spleen lymphocytes were significantly declined and the allergic lung damage was relieved,which indicated SCP performed strong both in vitro and in vivo anti-allergic functions.Therefore,SCP could serve as candidate anti-allergic bioactive substances for shrimp induced allergy via immunoregulation.
基金funded by a grant fromtheMinistero dell’Universita e della Ricerca,PRIN 2022 PNRR grant(Prot.P2022LZXNWto R.B.).
文摘Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options.Despite recent advances,conventional treatment approaches remain largely ineffective due to late diagnosis,chemore-sistance and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.This review reports the latest studies on combination therapies for mesothelioma,focusing on the potential of integrating chemotherapeutic agents,molecularly targeted agents,vaccines and natural bioactive compounds such as polyphenols.Clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate that integrating immune-modulating drugs or molecular inhibitors with chemotherapy can improve survival and reduce tumor progression in mesothelioma models and patients.Vaccine-based strategies show potential for inducing host-persistent immune responses when combined with conventional treatments.Moreover,natural compounds such as polyphenols show synergistic effects with chemotherapeutics and targeted agents by modulating several signaling pathways involved in cancer cell growth and progression and by overcoming drug resistance.While several combination strategies are under clinical investigation,further studies are needed to develop more effective and personalized therapeutic approaches that could be translated into standardized treatment protocols.
文摘Flaxseed oil,a key source of plant-based ω-3α-linolenic acid,is susceptible to oxidation and hazardous substance formation during refining and storage.This study evaluated the effects of refining stages(crude,degumming,complete refining)on aldehydes,trans fatty acids,and oxidative stability in flaxseed oil.The results indicate that heat-pressed oil has dark color with high a*and b*values,but exhibits the relatively highest oxidative stability during the oxidation process.However,compared to cold-pressing,heat-pressing promotes the generation of three additional aldehydes,butenal,nonanal,and trans,trans-2,4-decadienal.Degumming optimizes the color of crude oil while maintaining α-linolenic acid.In contrast,complete refining(degumming,deacidification,bleaching,and deodorization)caused the loss of substantial carotenoids and polyphenols,and α-linolenic acid decreased by 3.48%–4.47%,as well as a large amount of production of trans fatty acids.In addition,complete refining not only leads to the formation of newborn acrolein and trans-2-nominal but also results in a significant increase in most aldehydes concentration.This study provides a reference for the processing of flaxseed oil when considering the formation of hazardous substances induced by the oxidation and isomerization of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia,No.451-03-137/2025-03/200111 and No.451-03-137/2025-03/200146.
文摘Depression is a common psychiatric condition with a considerable influence on global health.Although current pharmacotherapeutic choices are of indisputable relevance,there is sustained interest in natural medicines for treating depressive symptoms.Polyphenols,a class of plant-derived natural compounds,have received attention due to their possible neuroprotective and anti-depressive properties.In this review,we aimed to present the intricate mechanisms through which polyphenols modulate inflammation,neurogenesis,oxidative stress,and the gut microbiota.Consumption of polyphenol-rich diets is emerging as a non-invasive,natural,and cost-effective approach to supporting brain health,with potential influence on depressive symptoms.While there have been promising results,more research is needed to draw solid conclusions regarding the medicinal potential of polyphenols.
基金supported by 2024 Liaoning Province Graduate Education Teaching Reform Research Project(LNYJG2024251).
文摘The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology and molecular docking.The TCMSP pharmacology database was used to screen the polyphenols present in sea buckthorn,and then the SwissTargetPrediction and Uniprot databases were used to obtain the potential targets of sea buckthorn polyphenols,which were supplemented by the literature.In total,7 polyphenols and 154 potential targets were obtained.Through GeneCards,OMIM database,1358 hyperlipidemia-related targets were collected.We found that there were 101 targets at the intersection of components and diseases.Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,27 core targets were obtained,which were AKT1,TNF,TP53,IL-6,etc.in order of degree value.174 pathways were obtained from KEGG enrichment analysis,including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,fl uid shear stress and atherosclerosis,lipid and atherosclerosis,etc.The molecular docking of the main components to the targets was performed using OpenBabelGUI,AutoDockTools-1.5.6 software.Finally,the results were visualized using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software.The molecular docking results showed that sea buckthorn polyphenols have good binding ability with the key targets.Among them,such as quercetin and kaempferol,have good binding ability with TNF,TP53 and IL-6.For example,TNF binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.34 kcal/mol and to kaempferol with a binding energy of-6.22 kcal/mol;TP53 binds to kaempferol with a binding energy of-5.32 kcal/mol;IL-6 binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.62 kcal/mol,etc.Therefore,the network pharmacology study showed that the treatment of hyperlipidemia by sea buckthorn polyphenols can be realized by multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway together,which provides some reference for the later study of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.5220031085)the Postdoctoral Research Project in Henan Province(No.HN2022054)+2 种基金the Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(No.23A430009)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(No.sklpme2022-4-03)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Henan Province(No.242102230131)。
文摘The considerable hazard posed by periprosthetic joint infections underlines the urgent need for the rapid advancement of in-situ drug delivery systems within joint materials.However,the pursuit of sustained antibacterial efficacy remains a formidable challenge.In this context,we proposed a novel strategy that leverages swelling and erosion mechanisms to facilitate drug release of drug-loaded ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE),thereby ensuring its long-lasting antibacterial performance.Polyethylene oxide(PEO),a hydrophilic polymer with fast hydrating ability and high swelling capacity,was incorporated in UHMWPE alongside the antibacterial tea polyphenol(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG as representative).The swelling of PEO enhanced water infiltration into the matrix,while the erosion of PEO balanced the release of the encapsulated EGCG,resulting in a steady release.The behavior was supported by the EGCG release profiles and the corresponding fitted release kinetic models.As demonstrated by segmented antibacterial assessments,the antibacterial efficiency was enhanced 2to 3 times in the PEO/EGCG/UHMWPE composite compared to that of EGCG/UHMWPE.Additionally,the PEO/EGCG/UHMWPE composite exhibited favorable biocompatibility and mechanical performance,making it a potential candidate for the development of drug-releasing joint implants to combat prosthetic bacterial infections.
基金financed with an I-COOP project(ref.COOPA 20469)funded by C.S.I.C.To National Council Humanities for Science and Technology(CONAHCYT,Mexico)by the postgraduate scholarship granted to Mario Felipe Gonzalez Gonzalez(No.001073088)。
文摘Jarilla caudata Standl.(Caricaceae)is a wild herbaceous plant native to Mexico recognized for its edible fruits.It is considered to be the closest taxonomically species to Carica papaya L.(Caricaceae),whose seeds have good nutritional and functional properties.This study analyzes and compares the seed chemical compositions of J.caudata and C.papaya to study the nutritional and functional potential of J.caudata seeds.The analysis of the proximate composition was based on standard methods.High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the free amino acid profile,gas chromatography to quantify the fatty acid content,and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry to measure minerals.Both J.caudata and C.papaya seeds have high protein(24.03%to 26.94%)and lipid(21.32%to 25.07%)content.The mineral study indicated high potassium,calcium,iron,and zinc content.Minor functional compounds present,with similar contents in J.caudata and C.papaya seeds,were soluble sugars,phytic acid,polyphenols,and pectin.The main fatty acid in seed oil was oleic acid(C18:1),with 61.4%in J.caudata seeds and 72.6%in C.papaya seeds.Among free amino acids,leucine with 6.9/100 g free amino acids and phenylalanine with 13.6/100 g free amino acids were the most abundant in the seeds of J.caudata and C.papaya,respectively.Polyphenols of J.caudata and C.papaya seeds showed similar antioxidant activity.J.caudata seeds may represent a useful source of nutritional compounds for food and feeding,and functional compounds with antioxidant activity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20515&32102578)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD1302300)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(GJJ191140)the Doctoral Foundation of Nanchang Normal University(NSBSJJ2019002)。
文摘The absence of trace amounts of natural bioactive compounds with important biological activities in traditional dietary models for global farm animals,coupled with an incomplete theoretical system for animal nutrition,has led to unbalanced and inadequate animal nutrition.This deficiency has adversely impacted animal health and the ecological environment,presenting formidable challenges to the advancement of the swine breeding industry in various countries around the world toward high-quality development.Recently,due to the ban of antibiotics for growth promotion in swine diets,botanical active compounds have been extensively investigated as feed additives.Polyphenols represent a broad group of plant secondary metabolites.They are natural,non-toxic,pollution-free,and highly reproducible compounds that have a wide range of physiological functions,such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,antiviral,antibacterial,and metabolic activities.Accordingly,polyphenols have been widely studied and used as feed additives in swine production.This review summarizes the structural characteristics,classification,current application situation,general properties of polyphenols,and the latest research advances on their use in swine production.Additionally,the research and application bottlenecks and future development of plant polyphenols in the animal feed industry are reviewed and prospected.This review aims to stimulate the in-depth study of natural plant polyphenols and the research and development of related products in order to promote the green,healthy,and high-quality development of swine production,while also providing ideas for the innovation and development in the theoretical system of animal nutrition.
文摘Apple polyphenols are widely present in apple pulp,peel,kernel,and leaves.They are natural bioactive substances with a variety of health functions.This review describes the antioxidant functions of anthocyanins,quercetin,phlorizin,chlorogenic acid,and epicatechin in apple polyphenols through the regulation of signal pathways and transcription factors,and the inhibition or induction of enzymes.Massive food applications of apple polyphenols are summarized,including excellent color protection of fruits and vegetables,meat preservation,preparation of composite packaging fi lms as active ingredients,enhancement of nutritional value as functional ingredients,and improvement of food taste and physical stability.This review would provide a reference for the exploration of apple polyphenol resources and its development in the food field.
文摘Emerging evidence highlights the potential of bioactive compounds,particularly polyphenols,as adjunctive therapeutic agents in the treatment of pancreatic cancer(PC),one of the most aggressive malignancies.This review focuses on epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and resveratrol due to their extensively documented anticancer activity,favorable safety profiles,and their unique ability to modulate multiple signaling pathways relevant to pan-creatic tumorigenesis.Among polyphenols,these two have shown superior anti-cancer activity,epigenetic regulatory effects,and synergy with standard chemotherapies in preclinical pancreatic cancer models.Resveratrol exhibits anti-proliferative effects by modulating key signaling pathways,including phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),and tumor protein 53(p53).EGCG exerts anti-cancer activity by targeting multiple cellular processes,such as oxidative stress reduction,and suppression of inflammatory mediators like Interleukin-6(IL-6)and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α(TNF-α).Both EGCG and resveratrol exert anti-pancreatic cancer effects partly through direct interactions with cell surface receptors and modulation of intracellular cascades.EGCG targets the 67 kDa laminin receptor(67LR),which is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells,triggering apoptosis,cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)production and activation of the PKCδ/acid sphingomyelinase(ASM)cascade.Resveratrol inhibits insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)activation of the PI3K/Akt and Wnt signaling pathways,while concurrently activating tumor suppressor p53.These interactions suppress proliferation,promote apoptosis,and reduce epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),thereby limiting tumor progression.Both polyphenols enhance chemosensitivity and reduce resistance to conventional therapies,including gemcitabine,by modulating drug transporters and apoptotic pathways.Furthermore,their epigenetic influence,particularly via DNA methylation and histone modification,suggests a broader role in pancreatic cancer prevention.Understanding the roles and mechanisms of resveratrol and EGCG in pancreatic cancer provides valuable insights into novel treatment strategies.The integration of polyphenols into conventional therapeutic approaches may offer new hope for improving patient outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(No.32271468)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2021JDTD0001)+2 种基金1·3·5 Project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.ZYYC23005)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022SCU12046)Innovation Research Project of Sichuan University(No.2022SCUH0046).
文摘Oral ulcers are a common ulcerative injury that occurs in the oral mucosa.When occurring,they can cause mucosal pain and affect eating and communication.The oral cavity,characterized by its moist environment and constant movement of the lips and tongue,presents challenges for conventional drug delivery systems due to its suboptimal adhesion.Therefore,there is a need for the development of adhesive materials specifically designed for use within the oral cavity.In this research,a sticky coacervate incorporating tea polyphenols(TP)was formulated based on the adhesive properties observed in sandcastle worms.The coacervate is composed of Pluronic F68(F68)and TP,synthesized through the coacervation reaction.The F68-TP coacervates are attached to porcine skin easily.It also reduces bacterial viability and has the ability to clear reactive oxygen species.In animal ulcer models,these coacervates demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and enhance collagen and muscle fiber synthesis.Overall,these adhesive coacervates with antioxidative and antibacterial properties hold potential as a therapeutic option for oral ulcers in the oral cavity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001679 and 31871801)the Science and Technology Research of Shaanxi Province(2021QFY07-03)+1 种基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK202103098)the Scientific and Technological Achievements Commercialization Program of Shaanxi(2023-YDCGZH-13)。
文摘Gut microbiota regulate the activation of adipose browning,which promote energy dissipation and combat diet-induced obesity.Pomegranate peel polyphenols(PPPs)have been shown to reduce obesity,regulate lipid metabolism in adipose tissue,and modulate the composition of gut microbiota in animal fed high-fat diet(HFD).However,the role of gut microbiota in the improvement of obesity by PPPs has not been elucidated.In current study,we applied antibiotics to inhibit gut microbiota in mice fed HFD and treated with PPPs.The results showed that the inhibition of gut microbiota impair the effect of PPPs on reducing obesity and promoting adipose browning,and change the fecal metabolomic profiles in respond to PPPs.Moreover,the inhibition of gut microbiota supressed the promotive effects of PPPs on the levels of Akkermansia and microbiota-related metabolites,such as urolithin A,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and bile acids(BAs),which were associated with activating adipose browning.Therefore,our results suggested that the presence of gut microbiota is essential for PPPs to ameliorate HFD-induced obesity.The related bacteria or metabolites generated by the interaction between PPPs and microbiota promote adipose browning and facilitate the beneficial effects of PPPs.
文摘Sunflower leaf photosynthesis strongly depends on the leaf position in the plant stem conditioning,which directly affects other physiological processes.Therefore,a study of the leaf’s physiological status regarding the leaf position in the stem was performed on sunflowers in the flowering stage.Eight differently positioned leaves were investigated,starting with the youngest leaf on the top of the stem to the leaves of the stem bottom,assigned as the oldest senescent leaves.According to chlorophyll fluorescence(ChlF)parameters connected to photosystem II(PSII)processes,significant changes in PSII functioning occurred only in the senescent leaves,while photosystem I(PSI)describing parameters showed a linear decrease with leaf age,i.e.,position on the stem.The antioxidative status of the leaves was dynamic,as stress indicators(lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide content)fluctuated regarding leaf position on the stem,but no link was found between the activities of antioxidative enzymes and oxidative stress indicators.Linear decrease trend of secondary metabolites(mainly phenolic compounds)correlated with antioxidant activity,except for some phenolic acids(caffeic and ferulic acid),which increased in senescent leaves.The most changes in the physiological status of the leaves were confirmed in senescent leaves,which stand out the importance of younger leaves in maintaining the plant’s vitality after flowering,which is the most important for sunflower yield.
文摘General Rules.Journal of Polyphenols publishes research articles,reviews and short communications in English,on the fields of the science and technology of plant polyphenols.Cover Letters.The journal requires a cover letter be included in submissions.A cover letter should explain why this topic is important,why these results are significant and what the novelty of this work is.
