The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic property of peanut shell polyphenol extracts （PSPEs）. Diabetic rats were oral-administrated with PSPE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight （BW） per d...The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic property of peanut shell polyphenol extracts （PSPEs）. Diabetic rats were oral-administrated with PSPE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight （BW） per day for 28 consecutive days, with metformin （Met） as a positive control. The results showed that, similar to the Met treatment, administration of PSPE caused significant decreases in food intake, water intake, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde in serum, and significant increases in BW, insulin level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and liver gly- cogen. Further, glucose tolerance was markedly improved in the PSPE-treated diabetic groups. Histopathological results showed that PSPE improved cellular structural and pathological changes in liver, kidney, and pancreatic islets. Collectively, the results indicated that the hypoglycemic effects of PSPE on high-fat diet/streptozotocin （HFD/STZ）induced diabetes are comparable to Met, though their exact mechanism actions are still under investigation. Therefore, the current study suggests that PSPE could be a potential health-care food supplement in the management of diabetes.展开更多
Interaction between dietary polyphenol and proteins including digestive enzymes may result in reduced digestibility of food macronutrients, thus lowering absorption of nutrients that contributing to high energy accumu...Interaction between dietary polyphenol and proteins including digestive enzymes may result in reduced digestibility of food macronutrients, thus lowering absorption of nutrients that contributing to high energy accumulation in human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of grape seed polyphenol extract （GSPE） on the digestibility of starch, food lipid and food protein by digestive enzymes such as u-amylase, lipase, pepsin and trypsin. The digestion of each substrate was conducted at the optimal pH and temperature of specific enzyme. Bread containing different amount of grape pomace was used as a real food model and its digestion was conducted under simulated digestion condition. Concentrations of reducing sugar, fatty acid and amino acids in enzyme digested mixtures were determined as indicators of starch, lipid and protein digestions, respectively. Results indicate that GSPE significantly inhibited the digestion of starch, cooking oil and casein, but did not inhibit digestion of whey protein and egg white protein. Instead, the digestion of egg white and whey protein by trypsin was moderately enhanced in the presence of GSPE. However, under simulated human digestion condition, the grape pomace in the bread significantly reduced the digestibility of bread starch and protein.展开更多
The objective of present study was to investigate the antioxidative and cardioprotective effects of polyphenol extracts from sea buckthorn (PESB) against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). PESB was analyze...The objective of present study was to investigate the antioxidative and cardioprotective effects of polyphenol extracts from sea buckthorn (PESB) against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). PESB was analyzed using HPLC-DAD and their antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring the intrinsic free radicals cavenging capacity and inhibiting the formation of hydroxyl radical capacity. Experiments on the isolated rat hearts were carried out according to the improved Langendorff retrograde perfusion technology. Coronary effluent of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) activities were analyzed to determine the extent of myocardial injury. Protein expression levels of Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) I and II were measured to evaluate the degree of autophagy. In conclusion, coupled results from both in vivo and in vitro experiments have confirmed that PESB has potential health implications in both prevention and amelioration of MIRI, which may be attributed to the inhibition of autophagy.展开更多
The antioxidant and antitumor effects as well as the immunomodulatory activities of crude and purified polyphenol extract from blueberries were investigated. The antioxidant and antitumor effects of the polyphenol ext...The antioxidant and antitumor effects as well as the immunomodulatory activities of crude and purified polyphenol extract from blueberries were investigated. The antioxidant and antitumor effects of the polyphenol extract were measured both in vitro and in vivo, and their effect on the immune systems of CD-1 tumor-bearing mice were also analyzed. In vitro assays demonstrated that blueberry purified polyphenol extract （BBPP） exhibited higher antioxidant activities than blueberry crude polyphenol extract （BBCP）, but the opposite effect was observed in vivo. Both the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity and the immunity assay showed that BBCP not only inhibited tumor growth, but also significantly improved the immunity of the mice. According to physical and histological studies, the CD-1 tumor-bearing mice treated with the polyphenol extract, especially high doses of BBCP experienced a higher quality of life than the positive control group （treated with cyclophosphamide）. These results indicate that BBCP has significant antioxidant and antitumor activities and that it can enhance the immunity of CD-1 tumor-bearing mice.展开更多
Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinat...Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food component.This study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley extract.We also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and scoparone.In vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m L.The intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 cells.The results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,respectively.ALT and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.展开更多
Polypehnol is an important,potentially bioactive component of Sargassum muticum.In this study,ultrasonic assisted extraction of polyphenol-rich substances was performed using a 38%ethanol solution at a solid:liquid ra...Polypehnol is an important,potentially bioactive component of Sargassum muticum.In this study,ultrasonic assisted extraction of polyphenol-rich substances was performed using a 38%ethanol solution at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:30 at 68℃ for 32min,determined by single-factor and response surface methodology(RSM)optimization.The content of polyphenol was 5.66mg/g in the crude extract.Further extraction showed that the polyphenol mainly distributed in ethyl acetate(SKEE)and water phases(SKEW).The anti-oxidation test by electron spin resonance(ESR)spectrum showed that the SKEE had the strongest scavenging activity on DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)and alkyl radicals.SKEE was shown noncytotoxic but could inhibit the generation of cellular ROS,showing protective effects in H2O2 and AAPHinduced Vero cells and UV-B irradiated HaCaT cells.SKEE also signifi cantly inhibited the release of NO of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.Therefore,the polyphenol-rich extracts in ethanol and ethyl acetate showed excellent anti-oxidant and anti-infl ammatory activities,which is beneficial to the development of high-value bio-substances.展开更多
Tea (Cammelia sinensis) is the most widely consumed beverage in the world and has been reported to have unlimited health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. There is a high correlation between polyphenol compo...Tea (Cammelia sinensis) is the most widely consumed beverage in the world and has been reported to have unlimited health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. There is a high correlation between polyphenol compounds with antioxidant properties. Tea leaves are a major source of polyphenols. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the approximate level of polyphenols in different other parts of the tea plant to give comparative data on obtaining extracts that can be used to design products through value addition to assist in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. Twenty-one selected region specific tea varieties were used to obtain roots, flowers, leaves and barks. Leaves were prepared by microwaving and the remaining portions processed as green non-aerated teas and black aerated tea. Roots, barks, flowers were sun-dried and milled. Total polyphenol content was determined by calorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The obtained results suggest that different parts of tea plant have varying numbers of total polyphenols with microwaved leaves having mean levels at 23.1%, steamed leaves (non-aerated green tea) at 22.37%, aerated leaves at 15.51%, barks at 14.92%, flowers at 10.62% and roots at 1.48%.展开更多
The comparison of solid phase extraction（SPE） for the preconcentration and isolation of polyphenols in tobacco samples was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/...The comparison of solid phase extraction（SPE） for the preconcentration and isolation of polyphenols in tobacco samples was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS） and multivariate analysis.Several adsorbing materials of SPE（C18,NH2,SAX and OASIS） were investigated.It was found that the C18 and OASIS cartridges can not only speed up the purification process,but also simplify the SPE operation.A UPLC/MS/MS was used for the determination of polyphenols in tobacco samples after purification.All analytes were separated and determined in 2min.The limit of detection was 0.05 ng/mL.Cluster analysis（CA） and principal component analysis（PCA） were used for the analysis of 4 varieties（flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco,sun-cured tobacco and burley） in order to interpret the effect of planting and machining process on the concentration of polyphenols.The different types of tobacco samples could be easily clustered by CA.PCA on the chemical composition of tobacco resulted in two principal components（PCs） that take 84.2% of the total variance.The PCA and CA indicate that the polyphenols can be used for distinguishing tobacco types.展开更多
In this study the potential of cloud point extraction formed by a non-ionic surfactant was used in order to separate polyphenols from industrial residues of camu-camu. The effects of operational conditions of the clou...In this study the potential of cloud point extraction formed by a non-ionic surfactant was used in order to separate polyphenols from industrial residues of camu-camu. The effects of operational conditions of the cloud point extraction(CPE) on the polyphenol recovery and volumetric ratio were investigated. The results showed a maximum recovery of 95.71% that was obtained using 7.0 wt% Triton X-114, native pH(3.25), and 80 wt%polyphenol extract at 30 °C. The use of cloud point extraction was successful to recover the polyphenols from agroindustrial residue since it is a simple as well as of low-cost technique.展开更多
Sodium bicarbonate is sometimes used to aid in the extraction of total polyphenols. Its main effect is to increase the pH of the extraction solution. Raising the pH can cause changes in the chemical structure of polyp...Sodium bicarbonate is sometimes used to aid in the extraction of total polyphenols. Its main effect is to increase the pH of the extraction solution. Raising the pH can cause changes in the chemical structure of polyphenols. This can lead to variations in their biological properties, solubility and stability. This work studied the effect of sodium carbonate on the extraction by aqueous decoction of total polyphenols from the leaves of Combretum micranthum. The content of total phenolic compounds in the extracts was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The color of the samples was measured using a colorimeter (type: KONICA MINOLTA. Japan) based on the CIELAB color system. The results obtained were subjected to a one-way ANOVA analysis of variance with R software version 3.2.4 Revised (2018) and Minitab-18 software. The results reveal a drop in the concentration of extracted polyphenols proportional to the addition of sodium carbonate, i.e. a drop from 3.30 to 1.04 mg·AG·100 g<sup>-1</sup> of extract on whole leaves and 3.921 to 2.551 mg·AG·100 g<sup>-1</sup> extract on crushed leaves. On the other hand, the intensity of the coloring of the extracts increases significantly with the addition of sodium carbonate from 0.0 g·L <sup>-1</sup> to 0.666 g·L<sup>-1</sup>.展开更多
The phenc, lic compounds found in mango fruit are antioxidants, and contribute to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Mango carotenoids are synthesized in mango fruit during ripening. A major by-produc...The phenc, lic compounds found in mango fruit are antioxidants, and contribute to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Mango carotenoids are synthesized in mango fruit during ripening. A major by-product of mango fruit is the skin, which is available after the fruits is consumed or used, particularly in the preparation of jams and fruit juices by the fruit canning industry. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary mango skin （MS） or mango skin combined with paprika extracts （PE） on production performance, egg quality, and egg yolk polyphenols. Total of 60 44-week-old Boris Brown hens was assigned, based on egg production rate and body weight, to 6 groups （10 birds in each group）. The laying hens were fed a basal diet （control group, 18 CP, 2,800 kcal/kg ME）, a basal diet supplemented with 0.1% PE, 1% or 5% MS, or with a mixture of 0.1% PE with 1% or 5% MS respectively. During the three-week experimental feeding period, the birds had free access to feed and water. Feed consumption was measured weekly and egg production was recorded daily. The results for initial body weight, feed consumption, hen-day production, egg mass, mortality, and final body weight did not indicate any effects of the different treatments （P 〉 0.05）. There were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05） in shell-breaking strength, shell thickness, shell ratio, yolk ratio or Haugh units, except in the case of egg yolk color. Roche yolk color fan scores were better in all experimental groups than in the control （P 〈 0.0001）. The yolk color, yellow index, and ratio of redness to yellowness were greater （P 〈 0.0001） in the 0.1% PE, the 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and the 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS group than in the 1%, 5% MS, and control groups. Compared with the control, lightness was decreased significantly in the 0.1% PE, the 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and the 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS groups （P 〈 0.05）, whereas redness was increased significantly in the 0.1% PE, 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS groups （P 〈 0.0001）. No significant differences among the treatments were observed in either yellowness or egg yolk polyphenols. The results of the present experiment indicate that dietary mango skin or mango skin combined with paprika extracts did not show adverse effects on production performance, egg quality or egg yolk polyphenols. Moreover, supplementation with only mango skin did not enhance egg yolk color.展开更多
In this study, the effects of hot water temperature on clarity, total soluble solids, polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and color of banana juice during hot water ex-traction were discussed based on the theory in which heat ...In this study, the effects of hot water temperature on clarity, total soluble solids, polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and color of banana juice during hot water ex-traction were discussed based on the theory in which heat treatment might induce the pectin and protein in banana pulp to form insoluble products. The results showed the hot water temperature had a significant effect on the formation of insol-uble polymers in banana pulp from pectin and protein. In 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein in banana pulp were most inclined to form insoluble products. Under this condition, the clarity of banana juice was also highest. The light transmittance at 660 nm was close to 90%. In the banana juice, extracted by 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein contents were lowest, and they were lower than 7.3 mg/100 ml and 12.9 mg/100 ml respectively. The 75 ℃ water could not inactivate completely the pectin in banana pulp due to its high heat resistance, Therefore, 0.05% L-cys-teine or ascorbic acid needed to be added into banana pulp to inhibit the browning of juice induced by residual PPO.展开更多
基金Project supported by the China Scholarship Council(No.201306175110)the Major Scientific and Technological Research Project of Jilin Province(No.20140204048NY),China
文摘The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic property of peanut shell polyphenol extracts （PSPEs）. Diabetic rats were oral-administrated with PSPE at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight （BW） per day for 28 consecutive days, with metformin （Met） as a positive control. The results showed that, similar to the Met treatment, administration of PSPE caused significant decreases in food intake, water intake, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde in serum, and significant increases in BW, insulin level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and liver gly- cogen. Further, glucose tolerance was markedly improved in the PSPE-treated diabetic groups. Histopathological results showed that PSPE improved cellular structural and pathological changes in liver, kidney, and pancreatic islets. Collectively, the results indicated that the hypoglycemic effects of PSPE on high-fat diet/streptozotocin （HFD/STZ）induced diabetes are comparable to Met, though their exact mechanism actions are still under investigation. Therefore, the current study suggests that PSPE could be a potential health-care food supplement in the management of diabetes.
文摘Interaction between dietary polyphenol and proteins including digestive enzymes may result in reduced digestibility of food macronutrients, thus lowering absorption of nutrients that contributing to high energy accumulation in human body. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of grape seed polyphenol extract （GSPE） on the digestibility of starch, food lipid and food protein by digestive enzymes such as u-amylase, lipase, pepsin and trypsin. The digestion of each substrate was conducted at the optimal pH and temperature of specific enzyme. Bread containing different amount of grape pomace was used as a real food model and its digestion was conducted under simulated digestion condition. Concentrations of reducing sugar, fatty acid and amino acids in enzyme digested mixtures were determined as indicators of starch, lipid and protein digestions, respectively. Results indicate that GSPE significantly inhibited the digestion of starch, cooking oil and casein, but did not inhibit digestion of whey protein and egg white protein. Instead, the digestion of egg white and whey protein by trypsin was moderately enhanced in the presence of GSPE. However, under simulated human digestion condition, the grape pomace in the bread significantly reduced the digestibility of bread starch and protein.
文摘The objective of present study was to investigate the antioxidative and cardioprotective effects of polyphenol extracts from sea buckthorn (PESB) against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI). PESB was analyzed using HPLC-DAD and their antioxidant activities were evaluated by measuring the intrinsic free radicals cavenging capacity and inhibiting the formation of hydroxyl radical capacity. Experiments on the isolated rat hearts were carried out according to the improved Langendorff retrograde perfusion technology. Coronary effluent of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) activities were analyzed to determine the extent of myocardial injury. Protein expression levels of Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) I and II were measured to evaluate the degree of autophagy. In conclusion, coupled results from both in vivo and in vitro experiments have confirmed that PESB has potential health implications in both prevention and amelioration of MIRI, which may be attributed to the inhibition of autophagy.
文摘The antioxidant and antitumor effects as well as the immunomodulatory activities of crude and purified polyphenol extract from blueberries were investigated. The antioxidant and antitumor effects of the polyphenol extract were measured both in vitro and in vivo, and their effect on the immune systems of CD-1 tumor-bearing mice were also analyzed. In vitro assays demonstrated that blueberry purified polyphenol extract （BBPP） exhibited higher antioxidant activities than blueberry crude polyphenol extract （BBCP）, but the opposite effect was observed in vivo. Both the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity and the immunity assay showed that BBCP not only inhibited tumor growth, but also significantly improved the immunity of the mice. According to physical and histological studies, the CD-1 tumor-bearing mice treated with the polyphenol extract, especially high doses of BBCP experienced a higher quality of life than the positive control group （treated with cyclophosphamide）. These results indicate that BBCP has significant antioxidant and antitumor activities and that it can enhance the immunity of CD-1 tumor-bearing mice.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100904)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871729,32172147)+2 种基金the Modern Agriculture key Project of Jiangsu Province of China(BE2022317)the Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System Construction Project of Jiangsu Province of China(JATS[2021]522)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)。
文摘Active ingredients from highland barley have received considerable attention as natural products for developing treatments and dietary supplements against obesity.In practical application,the research of food combinations is more significant than a specific food component.This study investigated the lipid-lowering effect of highland barley polyphenols via lipase assay in vitro and HepG2 cells induced by oleic acid(OA).Five indexes,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),were used to evaluate the lipidlowering effect of highland barley extract.We also preliminary studied the lipid-lowering mechanism by Realtime fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q PCR).The results indicated that highland barley extract contains many components with lipid-lowering effects,such as hyperoside and scoparone.In vitro,the lipase assay showed an 18.4%lipase inhibition rate when the additive contents of highland barley extract were 100μg/m L.The intracellular lipid-lowering effect of highland barley extract was examined using 0.25 mmol/L OA-induced HepG2 cells.The results showed that intracellular TG,LDL-C,and T-CHO content decreased by 34.4%,51.2%,and 18.4%,respectively.ALT and AST decreased by 51.6%and 20.7%compared with the untreated hyperlipidemic HepG2 cells.q PCR results showed that highland barley polyphenols could up-regulation the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as PPARγand Fabp4.
基金Supported by the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean(No.201505022)the Shandong Province Key Research and Development Project(No.2017YYSP003)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2017MD006)
文摘Polypehnol is an important,potentially bioactive component of Sargassum muticum.In this study,ultrasonic assisted extraction of polyphenol-rich substances was performed using a 38%ethanol solution at a solid:liquid ratio of 1:30 at 68℃ for 32min,determined by single-factor and response surface methodology(RSM)optimization.The content of polyphenol was 5.66mg/g in the crude extract.Further extraction showed that the polyphenol mainly distributed in ethyl acetate(SKEE)and water phases(SKEW).The anti-oxidation test by electron spin resonance(ESR)spectrum showed that the SKEE had the strongest scavenging activity on DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)and alkyl radicals.SKEE was shown noncytotoxic but could inhibit the generation of cellular ROS,showing protective effects in H2O2 and AAPHinduced Vero cells and UV-B irradiated HaCaT cells.SKEE also signifi cantly inhibited the release of NO of LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.Therefore,the polyphenol-rich extracts in ethanol and ethyl acetate showed excellent anti-oxidant and anti-infl ammatory activities,which is beneficial to the development of high-value bio-substances.
文摘Tea (Cammelia sinensis) is the most widely consumed beverage in the world and has been reported to have unlimited health benefits due to its antioxidant properties. There is a high correlation between polyphenol compounds with antioxidant properties. Tea leaves are a major source of polyphenols. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the approximate level of polyphenols in different other parts of the tea plant to give comparative data on obtaining extracts that can be used to design products through value addition to assist in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. Twenty-one selected region specific tea varieties were used to obtain roots, flowers, leaves and barks. Leaves were prepared by microwaving and the remaining portions processed as green non-aerated teas and black aerated tea. Roots, barks, flowers were sun-dried and milled. Total polyphenol content was determined by calorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The obtained results suggest that different parts of tea plant have varying numbers of total polyphenols with microwaved leaves having mean levels at 23.1%, steamed leaves (non-aerated green tea) at 22.37%, aerated leaves at 15.51%, barks at 14.92%, flowers at 10.62% and roots at 1.48%.
基金Supported by the Foundation of State Tabacco Monopoly Bureau(China) in Research Project(No.110200902008)
文摘The comparison of solid phase extraction（SPE） for the preconcentration and isolation of polyphenols in tobacco samples was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS） and multivariate analysis.Several adsorbing materials of SPE（C18,NH2,SAX and OASIS） were investigated.It was found that the C18 and OASIS cartridges can not only speed up the purification process,but also simplify the SPE operation.A UPLC/MS/MS was used for the determination of polyphenols in tobacco samples after purification.All analytes were separated and determined in 2min.The limit of detection was 0.05 ng/mL.Cluster analysis（CA） and principal component analysis（PCA） were used for the analysis of 4 varieties（flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco,sun-cured tobacco and burley） in order to interpret the effect of planting and machining process on the concentration of polyphenols.The different types of tobacco samples could be easily clustered by CA.PCA on the chemical composition of tobacco resulted in two principal components（PCs） that take 84.2% of the total variance.The PCA and CA indicate that the polyphenols can be used for distinguishing tobacco types.
基金Supported by CAPES and Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)(150522/2018-5)
文摘In this study the potential of cloud point extraction formed by a non-ionic surfactant was used in order to separate polyphenols from industrial residues of camu-camu. The effects of operational conditions of the cloud point extraction(CPE) on the polyphenol recovery and volumetric ratio were investigated. The results showed a maximum recovery of 95.71% that was obtained using 7.0 wt% Triton X-114, native pH(3.25), and 80 wt%polyphenol extract at 30 °C. The use of cloud point extraction was successful to recover the polyphenols from agroindustrial residue since it is a simple as well as of low-cost technique.
文摘Sodium bicarbonate is sometimes used to aid in the extraction of total polyphenols. Its main effect is to increase the pH of the extraction solution. Raising the pH can cause changes in the chemical structure of polyphenols. This can lead to variations in their biological properties, solubility and stability. This work studied the effect of sodium carbonate on the extraction by aqueous decoction of total polyphenols from the leaves of Combretum micranthum. The content of total phenolic compounds in the extracts was estimated by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The color of the samples was measured using a colorimeter (type: KONICA MINOLTA. Japan) based on the CIELAB color system. The results obtained were subjected to a one-way ANOVA analysis of variance with R software version 3.2.4 Revised (2018) and Minitab-18 software. The results reveal a drop in the concentration of extracted polyphenols proportional to the addition of sodium carbonate, i.e. a drop from 3.30 to 1.04 mg·AG·100 g<sup>-1</sup> of extract on whole leaves and 3.921 to 2.551 mg·AG·100 g<sup>-1</sup> extract on crushed leaves. On the other hand, the intensity of the coloring of the extracts increases significantly with the addition of sodium carbonate from 0.0 g·L <sup>-1</sup> to 0.666 g·L<sup>-1</sup>.
文摘The phenc, lic compounds found in mango fruit are antioxidants, and contribute to a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Mango carotenoids are synthesized in mango fruit during ripening. A major by-product of mango fruit is the skin, which is available after the fruits is consumed or used, particularly in the preparation of jams and fruit juices by the fruit canning industry. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary mango skin （MS） or mango skin combined with paprika extracts （PE） on production performance, egg quality, and egg yolk polyphenols. Total of 60 44-week-old Boris Brown hens was assigned, based on egg production rate and body weight, to 6 groups （10 birds in each group）. The laying hens were fed a basal diet （control group, 18 CP, 2,800 kcal/kg ME）, a basal diet supplemented with 0.1% PE, 1% or 5% MS, or with a mixture of 0.1% PE with 1% or 5% MS respectively. During the three-week experimental feeding period, the birds had free access to feed and water. Feed consumption was measured weekly and egg production was recorded daily. The results for initial body weight, feed consumption, hen-day production, egg mass, mortality, and final body weight did not indicate any effects of the different treatments （P 〉 0.05）. There were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05） in shell-breaking strength, shell thickness, shell ratio, yolk ratio or Haugh units, except in the case of egg yolk color. Roche yolk color fan scores were better in all experimental groups than in the control （P 〈 0.0001）. The yolk color, yellow index, and ratio of redness to yellowness were greater （P 〈 0.0001） in the 0.1% PE, the 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and the 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS group than in the 1%, 5% MS, and control groups. Compared with the control, lightness was decreased significantly in the 0.1% PE, the 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and the 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS groups （P 〈 0.05）, whereas redness was increased significantly in the 0.1% PE, 0.1% PE ＋ 1% MS, and 0.1% PE ＋ 5% MS groups （P 〈 0.0001）. No significant differences among the treatments were observed in either yellowness or egg yolk polyphenols. The results of the present experiment indicate that dietary mango skin or mango skin combined with paprika extracts did not show adverse effects on production performance, egg quality or egg yolk polyphenols. Moreover, supplementation with only mango skin did not enhance egg yolk color.
基金Supported by the Key Project of the National Twelfth-Five Year Research Program of China(2012BAD31B03)Guangdong Province Science and Technology Project(2011B010100041)~~
文摘In this study, the effects of hot water temperature on clarity, total soluble solids, polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and color of banana juice during hot water ex-traction were discussed based on the theory in which heat treatment might induce the pectin and protein in banana pulp to form insoluble products. The results showed the hot water temperature had a significant effect on the formation of insol-uble polymers in banana pulp from pectin and protein. In 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein in banana pulp were most inclined to form insoluble products. Under this condition, the clarity of banana juice was also highest. The light transmittance at 660 nm was close to 90%. In the banana juice, extracted by 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein contents were lowest, and they were lower than 7.3 mg/100 ml and 12.9 mg/100 ml respectively. The 75 ℃ water could not inactivate completely the pectin in banana pulp due to its high heat resistance, Therefore, 0.05% L-cys-teine or ascorbic acid needed to be added into banana pulp to inhibit the browning of juice induced by residual PPO.
文摘以云南紫米为试验材料,从提取工艺和Folin-Ciocalteu显色测定两个方面进行正交试验优化,建立了紫米多酚分光光度分析方法。结果表明,云南紫米多酚的最佳提取工艺为:体积分数40%的乙醇溶液、温度70℃、超声提取60 min、超声频率40 kHz、料液比1∶35(g/mL),最佳显色测定条件为:1 mL Folin-Ciocalteu试剂、1 mL 10%Na_(2)CO_(3)溶液、反应体系10 mL、温度70℃、时间10 min,在此条件下,多酚的平均提取量为4.23 mg/g,平均回收率为90.1%~91.2%,各水平的6次重复试验RSD为1.38%~3.63%。该方法具有简便经济、重复性好、测定精度高等特点,可为有色稻米多酚测定提供参考。
