Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patien...Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patients with diabetes,DN is predominantly characterized by distal symmetric polyneuropathy,leading to sensory loss,pain,and motor dysfunction,often resulting in diabetic foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations.The pathogenesis of DN is multifaceted,involving hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation,which collectively damage peripheral nerves.Despite extensive research,disease-modifying treatments remain elusive,with current management primarily focusing on symptom control.This review explores the complex mechanisms underlying DN and highlights recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Emerging insights into the molecular and cellular pathways have unveiled potential targets for intervention,including neuroprotective agents,gene and stem cell therapies,and innovative pharmacological approaches.Additionally,novel diagnostic tools,such as corneal confocal microscopy and biomarker-based tests,have improved early detection and intervention.Lifestyle modifications and multidisciplinary care strategies can enhance patient outcomes.While significant progress has been made,further research is required to develop therapies that can effectively halt or reverse disease progression,ultimately improving the lives of individuals with DN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding and future directions in DN research and management.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82125037]Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu province[grant number BK20231528]+3 种基金Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province[grant number BE2022815]Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center[grant number CXZX202225]Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program of the China Association for Science and Technology[grant number 2021-QNRC2-B17]333 high-level talents project of Jiangsu Province for Yang Yang[grant number BRA202202].
文摘Diabetic neuropathy(DN)is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus,significantly impacting patient quality of life and contributing to morbidity and mortality.Affecting approximately 50%of patients with diabetes,DN is predominantly characterized by distal symmetric polyneuropathy,leading to sensory loss,pain,and motor dysfunction,often resulting in diabetic foot ulcers and lower-limb amputations.The pathogenesis of DN is multifaceted,involving hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia,oxidative stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,and inflammation,which collectively damage peripheral nerves.Despite extensive research,disease-modifying treatments remain elusive,with current management primarily focusing on symptom control.This review explores the complex mechanisms underlying DN and highlights recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Emerging insights into the molecular and cellular pathways have unveiled potential targets for intervention,including neuroprotective agents,gene and stem cell therapies,and innovative pharmacological approaches.Additionally,novel diagnostic tools,such as corneal confocal microscopy and biomarker-based tests,have improved early detection and intervention.Lifestyle modifications and multidisciplinary care strategies can enhance patient outcomes.While significant progress has been made,further research is required to develop therapies that can effectively halt or reverse disease progression,ultimately improving the lives of individuals with DN.This review provides a comprehensive overview of current understanding and future directions in DN research and management.
