Sensory modalities are important for survival but the molecular mechanisms remain challenging due to the polymodal functionality of sensory neurons. Here, we report the C. elegans outer labial lateral(OLL) sensilla se...Sensory modalities are important for survival but the molecular mechanisms remain challenging due to the polymodal functionality of sensory neurons. Here, we report the C. elegans outer labial lateral(OLL) sensilla sensory neurons respond to touch and cold. Mechanosensation of OLL neurons resulted in cell-autonomous mechanically-evoked Ca~(2+) transients and rapidly-adapting mechanoreceptor currents with a very short latency.Mechanotransduction of OLL neurons might be carried by a novel Na~+ conductance channel, which is insensitive to amiloride. The bona fide mechano-gated Na~+ -selective degenerin/epithelial Na~+ channels, TRP-4, TMC, and Piezo proteins are not involved in this mechanosensation.Interestingly, OLL neurons also mediated cold but not warm responses in a cell-autonomous manner. We further showed that the cold response of OLL neurons is not mediated by the cold receptor TRPA-1 or the temperaturesensitive glutamate receptor GLR-3. Thus, we propose the polymodal functionality of OLL neurons in mechanosensation and cold sensation.展开更多
The moxa therapy is a popular traditional hyperthermia therapy in East Asia. The moxa is made from dried mugwort (Artemisiaargyi). The moxa is usually put on a meridian point and then is burnt on to obtain a hyperther...The moxa therapy is a popular traditional hyperthermia therapy in East Asia. The moxa is made from dried mugwort (Artemisiaargyi). The moxa is usually put on a meridian point and then is burnt on to obtain a hyperthermic stimulation to the skin. However, very few researches have been studied in the effects and mechanism of the moxa therapy. Therefore, in this study, we gave the moxa stimulation to healthy subjects. In the moxa group, the moxa was lit on the ST36 (Zusanli: an acupuncture point in anterior tibialis of the leg) for 5 minutes. Their responses were traced with electrogastrogram (EGG) and assessed the change of gastric function. At the same time, their heart rate (HR) was recorded and observed to study the mechanism of moxa treatment. And then their results were compared with those of the control group. After the moxa stimulation, EGG showed significant increase and stayed 3.0 - 3.1 cpm while HR prominently decreased. On the other hand, the control group did not indicate such results. Those results are common to the re-sponse of acupuncture-like stimulation by the reflex arc which consists of receptor, sensory neuron, central nervous system, motor neuron and effector. It may be explained as below: the elements of the acupuncture-like stimulation and the moxa are pain and hyperthermia respectively and they both are received by polymodal receptors. Thus the moxa stimulation applied on ST36 may be ef-fective to enhance stomach function.展开更多
In our previous study, we observed that there was a close relation between the therapeutic effect and the warm receptors (WRs) or polymodal receptors (PRs). In accordance with the most sensitivity of WRs and the therm...In our previous study, we observed that there was a close relation between the therapeutic effect and the warm receptors (WRs) or polymodal receptors (PRs). In accordance with the most sensitivity of WRs and the thermal threshold value, we used computer controlled projector light at a constant temperature 40°C and 47°C to irradiate (moxibustion) Dazhui (GV 14) and Baihui (GV 20) (it is located between the spines of the 7th lumbar vertebra and the its sacral vertebra in the rabbit) and observed its antipyretic action on fever induced by intravenous injection of endotoxin in the rabbit. Results showed that this kind of moxibustion at 40°C had no significant effect while that at 47°C had a very striking antipyretic effect, indicating that the antipyretic effect of moxibustion is mediated primarily by PRs. This fact also provides an important experimental evidence for moxibustion treatment of heat syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).展开更多
In the present paper, the effect of moxibustion stimulation (by using a computer automaticallycontrolled condensed light) of Dazhui (GV 14) etc. on auricular temperature changes was observed in the rabbit after intrav...In the present paper, the effect of moxibustion stimulation (by using a computer automaticallycontrolled condensed light) of Dazhui (GV 14) etc. on auricular temperature changes was observed in the rabbit after intravenous injection of endotoxin. Changes of rabbit’s auricular temperature were sampled and recorded by using a thermistorthermometer (connected with a computer) before and after moxibustion stimulation. Results indicated that moxibustion making the skin temperature reach to 48℃ could inhibit the endotoxininduced lowering reaction of auricular temperature, while moxibustion making the skin temperature of 40℃ had no this effect. It revealed that higherskintemperature moxibustion had a thermolytic effect on bodyfever, which had a close relation mainly with polymodal receptors rather than with temperature receptor. It also demonstrated that endotoxininduced changes of auricular temperature could be used as an index for evaluating the thermolytic effect of moxibustion.展开更多
Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are widely found throughout the animal kingdom.By serving as cellular sensors for a wide spectrum of physical and chemical stimuli,they play crucial physiological roles rangin...Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are widely found throughout the animal kingdom.By serving as cellular sensors for a wide spectrum of physical and chemical stimuli,they play crucial physiological roles ranging from sensory transduction to cell cycle modulation.TRP channels are tetrameric protein complexes.While most TRP subunits can form functional homomeric channels,heteromerization of TRP channel subunits of either the same subfamily or different subfamilies has been widely observed.Heteromeric TRP channels exhibit many novel properties compared to their homomeric counterparts,indicating that co-assembly of TRP channel subunits has an important contribution to the diversity of TRP channel functions.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31471023, 31771113, and 31800878)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M671695, 2020T130592, 2019T120505, and 2018M640551)。
文摘Sensory modalities are important for survival but the molecular mechanisms remain challenging due to the polymodal functionality of sensory neurons. Here, we report the C. elegans outer labial lateral(OLL) sensilla sensory neurons respond to touch and cold. Mechanosensation of OLL neurons resulted in cell-autonomous mechanically-evoked Ca~(2+) transients and rapidly-adapting mechanoreceptor currents with a very short latency.Mechanotransduction of OLL neurons might be carried by a novel Na~+ conductance channel, which is insensitive to amiloride. The bona fide mechano-gated Na~+ -selective degenerin/epithelial Na~+ channels, TRP-4, TMC, and Piezo proteins are not involved in this mechanosensation.Interestingly, OLL neurons also mediated cold but not warm responses in a cell-autonomous manner. We further showed that the cold response of OLL neurons is not mediated by the cold receptor TRPA-1 or the temperaturesensitive glutamate receptor GLR-3. Thus, we propose the polymodal functionality of OLL neurons in mechanosensation and cold sensation.
文摘The moxa therapy is a popular traditional hyperthermia therapy in East Asia. The moxa is made from dried mugwort (Artemisiaargyi). The moxa is usually put on a meridian point and then is burnt on to obtain a hyperthermic stimulation to the skin. However, very few researches have been studied in the effects and mechanism of the moxa therapy. Therefore, in this study, we gave the moxa stimulation to healthy subjects. In the moxa group, the moxa was lit on the ST36 (Zusanli: an acupuncture point in anterior tibialis of the leg) for 5 minutes. Their responses were traced with electrogastrogram (EGG) and assessed the change of gastric function. At the same time, their heart rate (HR) was recorded and observed to study the mechanism of moxa treatment. And then their results were compared with those of the control group. After the moxa stimulation, EGG showed significant increase and stayed 3.0 - 3.1 cpm while HR prominently decreased. On the other hand, the control group did not indicate such results. Those results are common to the re-sponse of acupuncture-like stimulation by the reflex arc which consists of receptor, sensory neuron, central nervous system, motor neuron and effector. It may be explained as below: the elements of the acupuncture-like stimulation and the moxa are pain and hyperthermia respectively and they both are received by polymodal receptors. Thus the moxa stimulation applied on ST36 may be ef-fective to enhance stomach function.
文摘In our previous study, we observed that there was a close relation between the therapeutic effect and the warm receptors (WRs) or polymodal receptors (PRs). In accordance with the most sensitivity of WRs and the thermal threshold value, we used computer controlled projector light at a constant temperature 40°C and 47°C to irradiate (moxibustion) Dazhui (GV 14) and Baihui (GV 20) (it is located between the spines of the 7th lumbar vertebra and the its sacral vertebra in the rabbit) and observed its antipyretic action on fever induced by intravenous injection of endotoxin in the rabbit. Results showed that this kind of moxibustion at 40°C had no significant effect while that at 47°C had a very striking antipyretic effect, indicating that the antipyretic effect of moxibustion is mediated primarily by PRs. This fact also provides an important experimental evidence for moxibustion treatment of heat syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
文摘In the present paper, the effect of moxibustion stimulation (by using a computer automaticallycontrolled condensed light) of Dazhui (GV 14) etc. on auricular temperature changes was observed in the rabbit after intravenous injection of endotoxin. Changes of rabbit’s auricular temperature were sampled and recorded by using a thermistorthermometer (connected with a computer) before and after moxibustion stimulation. Results indicated that moxibustion making the skin temperature reach to 48℃ could inhibit the endotoxininduced lowering reaction of auricular temperature, while moxibustion making the skin temperature of 40℃ had no this effect. It revealed that higherskintemperature moxibustion had a thermolytic effect on bodyfever, which had a close relation mainly with polymodal receptors rather than with temperature receptor. It also demonstrated that endotoxininduced changes of auricular temperature could be used as an index for evaluating the thermolytic effect of moxibustion.
文摘Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are widely found throughout the animal kingdom.By serving as cellular sensors for a wide spectrum of physical and chemical stimuli,they play crucial physiological roles ranging from sensory transduction to cell cycle modulation.TRP channels are tetrameric protein complexes.While most TRP subunits can form functional homomeric channels,heteromerization of TRP channel subunits of either the same subfamily or different subfamilies has been widely observed.Heteromeric TRP channels exhibit many novel properties compared to their homomeric counterparts,indicating that co-assembly of TRP channel subunits has an important contribution to the diversity of TRP channel functions.
