Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and i...Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and in terms of the yield points undergoing Von Mises criterion.展开更多
Pyroptosis,an immunogenic form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin proteins,1,2 has recently emerged as a transformative strategy in cancer therapy.3 Unlike apoptosis,which is immunologically silent,pyropto...Pyroptosis,an immunogenic form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin proteins,1,2 has recently emerged as a transformative strategy in cancer therapy.3 Unlike apoptosis,which is immunologically silent,pyroptosis provokes robust antitumor immunity through the release of tumor antigens,damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),and proinflammatory cytokines,thereby converting immunologically cold tumors into hot ones.4 The critical challenge,however,lies in controlling where and when pyroptosis occurs to maximize tumor specificity and minimize systemic toxicity.A growing body of work now suggests that the subcellular site at which pyroptosis is initialized may critically shape its immunological outcome.Recent progress in polymer nanotechnology has enabled spatiotemporal control over organellespecific stress,creating new opportunities to fine-tune pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
In this work,we report a facile and efficient supramolecular strategy for the construction of colortunable thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymeric materials(TADF PMs)through host–vip complexation.Consequ...In this work,we report a facile and efficient supramolecular strategy for the construction of colortunable thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymeric materials(TADF PMs)through host–vip complexation.Consequently,new kinds of TADF PMs exhibiting multicolor emissions were constructed conveniently by mixing a calix[3]acridan-modified polymer and various commercially available receptors.This emergent TADF property was attributed to the formation of the through-space charge transfer(TSCT)interactions between the macrocyclic donor in the polymer and the vip acceptors.Moreover,multicolor emission and high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of up to 40%were achieved readily by tailoring the vips with different electron-withdrawing abilities.Further,we found that the TADF PMs could be prepared readily on a large scale with good processability;thus,the approach could achieve potential application on rewritable advanced information encryption.Therefore,this work not only develops an efficient supramolecular strategy to design and construct color-tunable TADF PMs but also offers a new perspective for their practical applications in materials science.展开更多
To minimize the environmental pollution caused by polymeric waste,materials based dynamic chemistry have attracted extensive attention around the world.Various dynamic covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions have b...To minimize the environmental pollution caused by polymeric waste,materials based dynamic chemistry have attracted extensive attention around the world.Various dynamic covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions have been employed to design multifunctional polymers with recyclability,reprocessablility,and sustainability.Among them,polymers based on reversible boron–oxygen(B–O)bonds have been widely investigated because of their unique properties.Particularly,lots of scientists have demonstrated that the combination with boron–nitrogen(B–N)coordination can effectively accelerate the dynamicity as well as enhance the stability of B–O bonds.Therefore,numerous polymers containing dynamic B–O bonds with dative B–N coordination have been designed and synthesized in recent years.These polymers exhibit excellent versatility and great potential for diverse applications such as biosensors,battery electrolytes,and artificial skins.This review provides an overview of the comprehensive influence of dynamic B–N coordination chemistry on B–O bonds in organoboron species and highlights the developments in the area of constructing boron‐containing polymeric materials with this interesting linkage.The design guidelines,existing challenges,and future perspectives in this burgeoning field are discussed and proposed.展开更多
Mechanical performances are among the most fundamental properties that dictate the applicability and durability of polymeric materials.Reinforcement of polymeric materials is eternally pursued to broaden the applicati...Mechanical performances are among the most fundamental properties that dictate the applicability and durability of polymeric materials.Reinforcement of polymeric materials is eternally pursued to broaden the applications of polymers with light-weight,low-cost and easy-processing advantages.Noncovalent aggregates of biomacromolecules have been found to play a significant role in the mechanical properties of many natural materials,such as the spider silk.Increasing numbers of reports have demonstrated that the in situ formed noncovalent aggregates of polymer chains in polymeric systems are highly effective for enhancing the mechanical properties of artificial polymeric materials,in terms of strength,stiffness,toughness,and/or elasticity.The in situ formed noncovalent aggregates act as additional crosslinking domains and well-dispersed“hard”nanofillers in the polymer networks,significantly strengthening,stiffening and/or toughening the polymeric materials.Moreover,the noncovalent crosslinking of polymer chains favors the development of healable and recyclable polymeric materials,thanks to the reversible and dynamic properties of noncovalent bonds.This review provides an overview of the recent advances on the enhancement of the mechanical properties of different polymeric materials by the in situ formed noncovalent aggregates of polymer chains.It is expected to arouse inspirations for the development of novel polymeric materials with extraordinary mechanical performances and functionalities.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.F...Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next-generationmanufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors,actuators,robots,electronics,and medical devices.However,the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing.Different from traditional processing,the physical properties,such as geometry and rheological behavior,of the polymericmaterialsmust match the printing process,making the selection of printable materials limited.More importantly,challenges in large-scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry.In this review,we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology.The reports are classified based on functionalities,including electronic conductive,thermally conductive,electromagnetic interference shielding,energy storage,and energy harvesting materials.This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices,also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.展开更多
A novel polymeric reaction monomer (NPRM) for preparing highly fluorescent rare earth polymer materials was synthesized via interface and coordinating reaction. The composition and structure of the NPRM and intermedia...A novel polymeric reaction monomer (NPRM) for preparing highly fluorescent rare earth polymer materials was synthesized via interface and coordinating reaction. The composition and structure of the NPRM and intermediate product (ligand) were characterized through the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (13CNMR), Mass spectra (MS), and element analysis data. The results showed that the composition and structure of NPRM agreed with that of anticipated product. The NPRM was composed of two important sections. Section 1 was able to provide excellent fluorescent properties for final rare earth polymer material through the effect energy transfer between ligand and rare earth ion; Section 2 would endow with the NPRM excellent polymeric active and form highly fluorescent rare earth polymer material. Fluorescent properties of the NPRM were also researched via a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescent spectrometer. The results showed that the NPRM possessed excellent luminescent properties. The corresponding emission peaks based on the 5D0→7F1(601.6 nm), 5D0→7F2(625.0 nm), 5D0→7F3(660.5 nm) and 5D0→7F4(706.3 nm) transitions for Eu3+ were observed. The strongest emission peak was at 625 nm, which belonged to 5D0→7F2 transition.展开更多
Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to...Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.展开更多
Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to b...Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.展开更多
Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compar...Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compared with pure capsaicin polymer,the adsorption content of the obtained Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)increased by more than 3 times,which has huge potential research value.The composition and morphology of Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)before and after adsorption were analyzed using XRD,FT-IR,XPS,SEM and TEM.The mechanism of the adsorption process was summarized,through the study of the optimal molar ratio of reactants,acid-base environment,adsorption model fitting,characterization data results,and pollutant competition experiments.The following conclusions can be drawn:1)The pseudo-second-order kinetic model better matches the adsorption kinetics of partial Cr(VI).2)Part of the restored Cr(III)is trapped by specific groups on Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)and part of the Cr(III)is released back into solution.3)The adsorption mechanism includes ion exchange,coordination and chemical bonding.4)The highest adsorp-tion capacity of the polymeric material was up to 370.59 mg/g when the molar ratio of reactants was AMTHBA:NVP=2:8.This work not only provides ideas for the synthesis of capsaicin structural and functional polymers,but also provides inspiration for wastewater treatment measures.展开更多
Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous deman...Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous demand for sustainable energy storage while limiting Li sources for Li-based batteries.However,the much larger size of the K-ion usually leads to the serious electrodes'volumetric expansion with rapid capacity fading,making the pursuit of electrodes for potassium storage with high capacity and high stability a significant challenge.The polymer electrode materials have been considered promising materials to address these issues due to their porous characteristics,insolubility in electrolytes,and flexible structural design at a molecular level.In this review,we outline the recent advancements in redox-active polymer electrodes,including anode and cathode,materials for K-based batteries,including crystalline porous coordination polymers,crystalline covalent organic polymers,amorphous polymers,and polymer composites.We discuss the electrode designs,electrochemical performances,and K-ion storage mechanism,with a focus on their structure-function correlations.With this knowledge,we propose the perspectives and challenges in designing advanced polymer electrode materials for K-based batteries.We expect this review will shed light on the further development of reliable polymer electrode materials.展开更多
Effective detection of cellular microenvironments and understanding of physiological activities in living cells remain a considerable challenge.In recent years,fluore scence(or Forster)resonance energy trans fe r(FRET...Effective detection of cellular microenvironments and understanding of physiological activities in living cells remain a considerable challenge.In recent years,fluore scence(or Forster)resonance energy trans fe r(FRET)technology has emerged as a valuable method for real-time imaging of intracellular environment with high sensitivity,specificity and spatial resolution.Particularly,polymer-based imaging systems show enhanced stability,improved biodistribution,increased dye payloads,and amplified signal/noise ratio compared with small molecular sensors.This review summarizes the recent progress in FRET-based polymeric systems for probing the physiological environments in cells.展开更多
Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelli...Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelligent manufacturing of polymeric materials.However,the development of PMGE is still in its infancy,and many issues remain to be addressed.In this perspective,we elaborate on the PMGE concepts,summarize the state-of-the-art research and achievements,and highlight the challenges and prospects in this field.In particular,we focus on property estimation approaches,including property proxy prediction and machine learning prediction of polymer properties.The potential engineering applications of PMGE are discussed,including the fields of advanced composites,polymeric materials for communications,and integrated circuits.展开更多
Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)an...Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)and synthetic biomaterials-Ecoflex and cellulose were applying into soil cultivated with two potential indicator plants species:oat(A v ena sati v a)and red radish(Raphanus sativum).Variety of chemical,biochemical parameters and enzyme activity in soil were proved as effective approach to evaluate polymers phytotoxicity in plant-soil mesocosm.The F-value of biomass,pH,heavy metal and electoral conductivity of Raphanus behaved significant different from T0.Significant analysis results indicated biodegradation was fast in PE than PS,besides,heavy metals were dramatically decrease in the end implied the plant absorption may help decrease heavy metal toxicity.The increase value at T2 of Dehydrogenase activity(0.84 higher than average value for Avena&0.91 higher for Raphanus),Metabolic Index(3.12 higher than average value for Avena&3.81 higher for Raphanus)means during soil enzyme activity was promoted by biodegradation for its heterotrophic organisms’energy transportation was stimulated.Statistics analysis was carried on Biplot PC1(24.2%of the total variance),PC2(23.2%of the total variance),versus PC3(22.8%of the total variance),which indicated phosphatase activity and metabolic index was significant correlated,and high correlation of ammonium and protease activity.Furthermore,the effects were more evident in Raphanus treatments than in Avena,suggesting the higher sensitivity of Raphanus to polymers treatment,which indicate biodegradation of polymers in Raphanus treatment has produced intermediate phytotoxic compounds.展开更多
To obtain the compositions and microstructure of hydration products of cementitious material in different hydration ages and its growth law of filling strength, the optimal proportion of composite cementitious materia...To obtain the compositions and microstructure of hydration products of cementitious material in different hydration ages and its growth law of filling strength, the optimal proportion of composite cementitious material was determined according to the chemical composition of cement clinker which was composed of the Portland cement 32.5R, CSA 42.5 sulphoaluminate cement and two gypsum（CS）. The characterization of composite cementitious materials in different hydration ages was conducted by NMR, XRD and SEM techniques. The mechanism of hydration was explored. It is shown that the compressive strength of the test block increases gradually with the increase of hydration age. The microstructure of composite cementitious material can be changed from Al-O octahedron into Al-O tetrahedron in the hydration process. The hydrated alkali alumi niumsilicate formed with Si-O tetrahedron and Al-O tetrahedron. The degree of polymerization of Si-O tetrahedron gradually increased, and the structural strength of cementitious materials continued to increase. The diffraction peak of clinker minerals gradually decreased with the extension of hydration age. The CaSO4 completely hydrated to produce Aft during hydration which resulted in high early strength of cementitious material. The early hydration product of composite cementitious materials was Aft with a needle bar structure. The main middle and last hydration products were CSH gel and CH gel with dense prismatic shape. The microscopic pore of composite cementitious material gradually decreased and improved the later strength of filling block. The strong support was provided for mined-out area.展开更多
A stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymer network(G-(CN)_(2)⊂BXDSP5)with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties has been efficiently constructed by host-vip interactions between pillar[5]arene derivative BXDS...A stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymer network(G-(CN)_(2)⊂BXDSP5)with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties has been efficiently constructed by host-vip interactions between pillar[5]arene derivative BXDSP5 and a homoditopic vip G-(CN)_(2),which shows not only excellent fluorescence properties due to the AIE effect but also desirable ion-sensing abilities in both solution and solid states,holding great potential in the applicable fluorescence detection for Fe^(3+).The resultant G-(CN)_(2)⊂BXDSP5 can be transformed into supramolecular polymer gel at high concentration via multiple noncovalent interactions,showing multi-stimuli-responsiveness in response to temperature change,mechanical force,and competitive agent.Meanwhile,the xerogel of supramolecular polymer material has been successfully used to remove Fe^(3+)from water with high adsorption efficiency.In addition,an ionresponsive film based on supramolecular polymer has also been developed,which can serve as a practical and convenient fluorescence test kit for detecting Fe^(3+).展开更多
Hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)are the most essential non-covalent interactions in nature,playing a crucial role in stabilizing the secondary structures of proteins.Taking inspiration from nature,researchers have developed se...Hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)are the most essential non-covalent interactions in nature,playing a crucial role in stabilizing the secondary structures of proteins.Taking inspiration from nature,researchers have developed several multiple H-bonds crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials through the incorporation of H-bond side-chain units into the polymer chains.N-acryloyl glycinamide(NAGA)is a monomer with dual amides in the side group,which facilitates the formation of multiple dense intermolecular H-bonds within poly(N-acryloyl glycinamide)(PNAGA),thereby exhibiting diverse properties dependent on concentration and meeting various requirements across different applications.Moreover,numerous attempts have been undertaken to synthesize diverse NAGA-derived units through meticulous chemical structure regulation and fabricate corresponding H-bonding crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials.Despite this,the systematic clarification of the impact of chemical structures of side moieties on intermolecular associations and material performances remains lacking.The present review will focus on the design principle for synthesizing NAGA-derived H-bond side-chain units and provide an overview of the recent advancements in multiple H-bonds crosslinked PNAGA-derived supramolecular polymer materials,which can be categorized into three groups based on the chemical structure of H-bonds units:(1)monomers with solely cooperative H-bonds;(2)monomers with synergistic H-bonds and other physical interactions;and(3)diol chain extenders with cooperative H-bonds.The significance of subtle structural variations in these NAGA-derived units,enabling the fabrication of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymer materials with significantly diverse performances,will be emphasized.Moreover,the extensive applications of multiple H-bonds crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials will be elucidated.展开更多
Composite fabrics based on Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)polymer displays several notable properties.They are waterproof,windproof,permeable to moisture and thermally insulating at the same time.In the present study,PT...Composite fabrics based on Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)polymer displays several notable properties.They are waterproof,windproof,permeable to moisture and thermally insulating at the same time.In the present study,PTFE fibers are used as raw material to make fiber membranes.The film is formed by crisscrossing interconnected fiber filaments and the related air permeability:tensile creep characteristics and other properties are tested.The results show that the pore size,thickness,and porosity of the film itself can affect the moisture permeability of the film.The water pressure resistance of the selected fabric is 8.5 kPa,and the moisture permeability is 7038 g/(m^(2)·24 h).展开更多
A triethylenetetramine epoxy mixture was synthesized through the reaction of a low-molecular-weight liquid epoxy resin with triethylenetetramine(TETA).Then triethyltetramine(TETA)was injected dropwise into a pro-pylen...A triethylenetetramine epoxy mixture was synthesized through the reaction of a low-molecular-weight liquid epoxy resin with triethylenetetramine(TETA).Then triethyltetramine(TETA)was injected dropwise into a pro-pylene glycol methyl ether(PM)solution for chain extension reaction.A hydrophilic andflexible polyether seg-ment was introduced into the hardener molecule.The effects of TETA/DGEPG,reaction temperature and reaction time on the epoxy conversion of polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(DGEPG)were studied.In addition,several alternate strategies to add epoxy resin to the high-speed dispersion machine and synthesize MEA DGEBA adduct(without catalyst and with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin)were compared.It was found that the higher the molecular weight of triethylenetetramine,the longer the chain segment of the surface active molecule.When the equivalence ratio of amine hydrogen and epoxy group is low,the stability of lotion is good.When the ratio of amine hydrogen to epoxy group is large,the content of triethylenetetramine is small.The main objective of this study is the provision of new data and knowledge for the development of new materials in the coating and electronic industry.展开更多
文摘Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and in terms of the yield points undergoing Von Mises criterion.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFB3814600 to B.L.C.)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Grants(82225044 to Y.G.W.,82522084 to B.L.C.)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z240028 to Y.G.W.)Beijing Nova Program(20250484828 to B.L.C.).
文摘Pyroptosis,an immunogenic form of programmed cell death mediated by gasdermin proteins,1,2 has recently emerged as a transformative strategy in cancer therapy.3 Unlike apoptosis,which is immunologically silent,pyroptosis provokes robust antitumor immunity through the release of tumor antigens,damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMPs),and proinflammatory cytokines,thereby converting immunologically cold tumors into hot ones.4 The critical challenge,however,lies in controlling where and when pyroptosis occurs to maximize tumor specificity and minimize systemic toxicity.A growing body of work now suggests that the subcellular site at which pyroptosis is initialized may critically shape its immunological outcome.Recent progress in polymer nanotechnology has enabled spatiotemporal control over organellespecific stress,creating new opportunities to fine-tune pyroptosis for cancer immunotherapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22371277,22171272,and 22031010)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS+1 种基金grant no.XDB0520302)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(grant no.2021035).
文摘In this work,we report a facile and efficient supramolecular strategy for the construction of colortunable thermally activated delayed fluorescence polymeric materials(TADF PMs)through host–vip complexation.Consequently,new kinds of TADF PMs exhibiting multicolor emissions were constructed conveniently by mixing a calix[3]acridan-modified polymer and various commercially available receptors.This emergent TADF property was attributed to the formation of the through-space charge transfer(TSCT)interactions between the macrocyclic donor in the polymer and the vip acceptors.Moreover,multicolor emission and high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of up to 40%were achieved readily by tailoring the vips with different electron-withdrawing abilities.Further,we found that the TADF PMs could be prepared readily on a large scale with good processability;thus,the approach could achieve potential application on rewritable advanced information encryption.Therefore,this work not only develops an efficient supramolecular strategy to design and construct color-tunable TADF PMs but also offers a new perspective for their practical applications in materials science.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:21631006,21771100,22271139Central University Basic Research Fund of China,Grant/Award Number:020514380281。
文摘To minimize the environmental pollution caused by polymeric waste,materials based dynamic chemistry have attracted extensive attention around the world.Various dynamic covalent bonds or noncovalent interactions have been employed to design multifunctional polymers with recyclability,reprocessablility,and sustainability.Among them,polymers based on reversible boron–oxygen(B–O)bonds have been widely investigated because of their unique properties.Particularly,lots of scientists have demonstrated that the combination with boron–nitrogen(B–N)coordination can effectively accelerate the dynamicity as well as enhance the stability of B–O bonds.Therefore,numerous polymers containing dynamic B–O bonds with dative B–N coordination have been designed and synthesized in recent years.These polymers exhibit excellent versatility and great potential for diverse applications such as biosensors,battery electrolytes,and artificial skins.This review provides an overview of the comprehensive influence of dynamic B–N coordination chemistry on B–O bonds in organoboron species and highlights the developments in the area of constructing boron‐containing polymeric materials with this interesting linkage.The design guidelines,existing challenges,and future perspectives in this burgeoning field are discussed and proposed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2018YFC1105401National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:21935004。
文摘Mechanical performances are among the most fundamental properties that dictate the applicability and durability of polymeric materials.Reinforcement of polymeric materials is eternally pursued to broaden the applications of polymers with light-weight,low-cost and easy-processing advantages.Noncovalent aggregates of biomacromolecules have been found to play a significant role in the mechanical properties of many natural materials,such as the spider silk.Increasing numbers of reports have demonstrated that the in situ formed noncovalent aggregates of polymer chains in polymeric systems are highly effective for enhancing the mechanical properties of artificial polymeric materials,in terms of strength,stiffness,toughness,and/or elasticity.The in situ formed noncovalent aggregates act as additional crosslinking domains and well-dispersed“hard”nanofillers in the polymer networks,significantly strengthening,stiffening and/or toughening the polymeric materials.Moreover,the noncovalent crosslinking of polymer chains favors the development of healable and recyclable polymeric materials,thanks to the reversible and dynamic properties of noncovalent bonds.This review provides an overview of the recent advances on the enhancement of the mechanical properties of different polymeric materials by the in situ formed noncovalent aggregates of polymer chains.It is expected to arouse inspirations for the development of novel polymeric materials with extraordinary mechanical performances and functionalities.
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)printing has received extensive attention due to its unique multidimensional functionality and customizability and has been recognized as one of the most revolutionary manufacturing technologies.Functional 3D printed products represent an important orientation for next-generationmanufacturing and attract a great spotlight for the application in sensors,actuators,robots,electronics,and medical devices.However,the lack of functions of printing polymeric materials dramatically limits the development of functional 3D printing.Different from traditional processing,the physical properties,such as geometry and rheological behavior,of the polymericmaterialsmust match the printing process,making the selection of printable materials limited.More importantly,challenges in large-scale production of such materials further stifle the development of functional 3D printing industry.In this review,we aim to outline recent advances in polymeric materials and methodologies for the functional 3D printing technology.The reports are classified based on functionalities,including electronic conductive,thermally conductive,electromagnetic interference shielding,energy storage,and energy harvesting materials.This study attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges and opportunities for 3D printing functional polymeric materials/devices,also seeks to enlighten the orientation of future research in this field.
基金the Development Programof Science &Technology of Tianjin (06TXTJJC14400)
文摘A novel polymeric reaction monomer (NPRM) for preparing highly fluorescent rare earth polymer materials was synthesized via interface and coordinating reaction. The composition and structure of the NPRM and intermediate product (ligand) were characterized through the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (13CNMR), Mass spectra (MS), and element analysis data. The results showed that the composition and structure of NPRM agreed with that of anticipated product. The NPRM was composed of two important sections. Section 1 was able to provide excellent fluorescent properties for final rare earth polymer material through the effect energy transfer between ligand and rare earth ion; Section 2 would endow with the NPRM excellent polymeric active and form highly fluorescent rare earth polymer material. Fluorescent properties of the NPRM were also researched via a CARY ECLIPSE fluorescent spectrometer. The results showed that the NPRM possessed excellent luminescent properties. The corresponding emission peaks based on the 5D0→7F1(601.6 nm), 5D0→7F2(625.0 nm), 5D0→7F3(660.5 nm) and 5D0→7F4(706.3 nm) transitions for Eu3+ were observed. The strongest emission peak was at 625 nm, which belonged to 5D0→7F2 transition.
文摘Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA0915300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52233012,22405212 and22471219)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21821001)。
文摘Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.U22A20112)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.522CXTD520)the Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2021GXJS029).
文摘Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compared with pure capsaicin polymer,the adsorption content of the obtained Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)increased by more than 3 times,which has huge potential research value.The composition and morphology of Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)before and after adsorption were analyzed using XRD,FT-IR,XPS,SEM and TEM.The mechanism of the adsorption process was summarized,through the study of the optimal molar ratio of reactants,acid-base environment,adsorption model fitting,characterization data results,and pollutant competition experiments.The following conclusions can be drawn:1)The pseudo-second-order kinetic model better matches the adsorption kinetics of partial Cr(VI).2)Part of the restored Cr(III)is trapped by specific groups on Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)and part of the Cr(III)is released back into solution.3)The adsorption mechanism includes ion exchange,coordination and chemical bonding.4)The highest adsorp-tion capacity of the polymeric material was up to 370.59 mg/g when the molar ratio of reactants was AMTHBA:NVP=2:8.This work not only provides ideas for the synthesis of capsaicin structural and functional polymers,but also provides inspiration for wastewater treatment measures.
基金financially supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022B1515020001,2024A1515010277)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22109052,52202221)+1 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(No.2024A04J3899)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.21624410)。
文摘Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous demand for sustainable energy storage while limiting Li sources for Li-based batteries.However,the much larger size of the K-ion usually leads to the serious electrodes'volumetric expansion with rapid capacity fading,making the pursuit of electrodes for potassium storage with high capacity and high stability a significant challenge.The polymer electrode materials have been considered promising materials to address these issues due to their porous characteristics,insolubility in electrolytes,and flexible structural design at a molecular level.In this review,we outline the recent advancements in redox-active polymer electrodes,including anode and cathode,materials for K-based batteries,including crystalline porous coordination polymers,crystalline covalent organic polymers,amorphous polymers,and polymer composites.We discuss the electrode designs,electrochemical performances,and K-ion storage mechanism,with a focus on their structure-function correlations.With this knowledge,we propose the perspectives and challenges in designing advanced polymer electrode materials for K-based batteries.We expect this review will shed light on the further development of reliable polymer electrode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51873118,21474064,51203101)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.51425305)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering。
文摘Effective detection of cellular microenvironments and understanding of physiological activities in living cells remain a considerable challenge.In recent years,fluore scence(or Forster)resonance energy trans fe r(FRET)technology has emerged as a valuable method for real-time imaging of intracellular environment with high sensitivity,specificity and spatial resolution.Particularly,polymer-based imaging systems show enhanced stability,improved biodistribution,increased dye payloads,and amplified signal/noise ratio compared with small molecular sensors.This review summarizes the recent progress in FRET-based polymeric systems for probing the physiological environments in cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22103025,51833003,22173030,21975073,and 51621002).
文摘Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelligent manufacturing of polymeric materials.However,the development of PMGE is still in its infancy,and many issues remain to be addressed.In this perspective,we elaborate on the PMGE concepts,summarize the state-of-the-art research and achievements,and highlight the challenges and prospects in this field.In particular,we focus on property estimation approaches,including property proxy prediction and machine learning prediction of polymer properties.The potential engineering applications of PMGE are discussed,including the fields of advanced composites,polymeric materials for communications,and integrated circuits.
基金supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Nos.4197071831,41630645,41573126 and 41703115)the National Special Environ-mental Protection Foundation for Technology Exploit of China(No.2014EG166135).
文摘Eco-toxicity investigation of polymer materials was considered extremely necessary for their potential menace,which was widely use as mulching materials in agricultural.In this study,polyethylene(PE),polystyrene(PS)and synthetic biomaterials-Ecoflex and cellulose were applying into soil cultivated with two potential indicator plants species:oat(A v ena sati v a)and red radish(Raphanus sativum).Variety of chemical,biochemical parameters and enzyme activity in soil were proved as effective approach to evaluate polymers phytotoxicity in plant-soil mesocosm.The F-value of biomass,pH,heavy metal and electoral conductivity of Raphanus behaved significant different from T0.Significant analysis results indicated biodegradation was fast in PE than PS,besides,heavy metals were dramatically decrease in the end implied the plant absorption may help decrease heavy metal toxicity.The increase value at T2 of Dehydrogenase activity(0.84 higher than average value for Avena&0.91 higher for Raphanus),Metabolic Index(3.12 higher than average value for Avena&3.81 higher for Raphanus)means during soil enzyme activity was promoted by biodegradation for its heterotrophic organisms’energy transportation was stimulated.Statistics analysis was carried on Biplot PC1(24.2%of the total variance),PC2(23.2%of the total variance),versus PC3(22.8%of the total variance),which indicated phosphatase activity and metabolic index was significant correlated,and high correlation of ammonium and protease activity.Furthermore,the effects were more evident in Raphanus treatments than in Avena,suggesting the higher sensitivity of Raphanus to polymers treatment,which indicate biodegradation of polymers in Raphanus treatment has produced intermediate phytotoxic compounds.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51574055)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.20170540143)
文摘To obtain the compositions and microstructure of hydration products of cementitious material in different hydration ages and its growth law of filling strength, the optimal proportion of composite cementitious material was determined according to the chemical composition of cement clinker which was composed of the Portland cement 32.5R, CSA 42.5 sulphoaluminate cement and two gypsum（CS）. The characterization of composite cementitious materials in different hydration ages was conducted by NMR, XRD and SEM techniques. The mechanism of hydration was explored. It is shown that the compressive strength of the test block increases gradually with the increase of hydration age. The microstructure of composite cementitious material can be changed from Al-O octahedron into Al-O tetrahedron in the hydration process. The hydrated alkali alumi niumsilicate formed with Si-O tetrahedron and Al-O tetrahedron. The degree of polymerization of Si-O tetrahedron gradually increased, and the structural strength of cementitious materials continued to increase. The diffraction peak of clinker minerals gradually decreased with the extension of hydration age. The CaSO4 completely hydrated to produce Aft during hydration which resulted in high early strength of cementitious material. The early hydration product of composite cementitious materials was Aft with a needle bar structure. The main middle and last hydration products were CSH gel and CH gel with dense prismatic shape. The microscopic pore of composite cementitious material gradually decreased and improved the later strength of filling block. The strong support was provided for mined-out area.
基金the Jilin Province University Cooperative Construction Project-Special Funds for New Materials(No.SXGJSF2017-3)for financial support。
文摘A stimuli-responsive supramolecular polymer network(G-(CN)_(2)⊂BXDSP5)with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties has been efficiently constructed by host-vip interactions between pillar[5]arene derivative BXDSP5 and a homoditopic vip G-(CN)_(2),which shows not only excellent fluorescence properties due to the AIE effect but also desirable ion-sensing abilities in both solution and solid states,holding great potential in the applicable fluorescence detection for Fe^(3+).The resultant G-(CN)_(2)⊂BXDSP5 can be transformed into supramolecular polymer gel at high concentration via multiple noncovalent interactions,showing multi-stimuli-responsiveness in response to temperature change,mechanical force,and competitive agent.Meanwhile,the xerogel of supramolecular polymer material has been successfully used to remove Fe^(3+)from water with high adsorption efficiency.In addition,an ionresponsive film based on supramolecular polymer has also been developed,which can serve as a practical and convenient fluorescence test kit for detecting Fe^(3+).
基金financially supported by National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFA0703100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51733006)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732578)。
文摘Hydrogen bonds(H-bonds)are the most essential non-covalent interactions in nature,playing a crucial role in stabilizing the secondary structures of proteins.Taking inspiration from nature,researchers have developed several multiple H-bonds crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials through the incorporation of H-bond side-chain units into the polymer chains.N-acryloyl glycinamide(NAGA)is a monomer with dual amides in the side group,which facilitates the formation of multiple dense intermolecular H-bonds within poly(N-acryloyl glycinamide)(PNAGA),thereby exhibiting diverse properties dependent on concentration and meeting various requirements across different applications.Moreover,numerous attempts have been undertaken to synthesize diverse NAGA-derived units through meticulous chemical structure regulation and fabricate corresponding H-bonding crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials.Despite this,the systematic clarification of the impact of chemical structures of side moieties on intermolecular associations and material performances remains lacking.The present review will focus on the design principle for synthesizing NAGA-derived H-bond side-chain units and provide an overview of the recent advancements in multiple H-bonds crosslinked PNAGA-derived supramolecular polymer materials,which can be categorized into three groups based on the chemical structure of H-bonds units:(1)monomers with solely cooperative H-bonds;(2)monomers with synergistic H-bonds and other physical interactions;and(3)diol chain extenders with cooperative H-bonds.The significance of subtle structural variations in these NAGA-derived units,enabling the fabrication of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymer materials with significantly diverse performances,will be emphasized.Moreover,the extensive applications of multiple H-bonds crosslinked supramolecular polymer materials will be elucidated.
文摘Composite fabrics based on Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)polymer displays several notable properties.They are waterproof,windproof,permeable to moisture and thermally insulating at the same time.In the present study,PTFE fibers are used as raw material to make fiber membranes.The film is formed by crisscrossing interconnected fiber filaments and the related air permeability:tensile creep characteristics and other properties are tested.The results show that the pore size,thickness,and porosity of the film itself can affect the moisture permeability of the film.The water pressure resistance of the selected fabric is 8.5 kPa,and the moisture permeability is 7038 g/(m^(2)·24 h).
基金This work is financially supported by a University-Level Doctoral Research Start-Up Fund in 2019.
文摘A triethylenetetramine epoxy mixture was synthesized through the reaction of a low-molecular-weight liquid epoxy resin with triethylenetetramine(TETA).Then triethyltetramine(TETA)was injected dropwise into a pro-pylene glycol methyl ether(PM)solution for chain extension reaction.A hydrophilic andflexible polyether seg-ment was introduced into the hardener molecule.The effects of TETA/DGEPG,reaction temperature and reaction time on the epoxy conversion of polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether(DGEPG)were studied.In addition,several alternate strategies to add epoxy resin to the high-speed dispersion machine and synthesize MEA DGEBA adduct(without catalyst and with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether epoxy resin)were compared.It was found that the higher the molecular weight of triethylenetetramine,the longer the chain segment of the surface active molecule.When the equivalence ratio of amine hydrogen and epoxy group is low,the stability of lotion is good.When the ratio of amine hydrogen to epoxy group is large,the content of triethylenetetramine is small.The main objective of this study is the provision of new data and knowledge for the development of new materials in the coating and electronic industry.
