由于纳米金的许多性能均取决于其粒径,因此制备粒径可控的纳米金是非常重要的。本文采用绿色还原法,以氯金酸溶液为前驱体、辣椒提取液为保护剂和还原剂,通过改变反应条件制备了纳米金粒子。采用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外-可见分...由于纳米金的许多性能均取决于其粒径,因此制备粒径可控的纳米金是非常重要的。本文采用绿色还原法,以氯金酸溶液为前驱体、辣椒提取液为保护剂和还原剂,通过改变反应条件制备了纳米金粒子。采用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、马尔文粒径分析仪、透射电镜、场发射扫描电镜和能谱仪等对所制备的样品进行了表征。结果显示,此法所制备溶胶中的金粒子均一性较好,为球状的纳米粒子,主要成分为单质金;分散性较好,粒径较小,SEM分析表明其平均粒径约为25 nm。辣椒提取液用量、氯金酸溶液用量等反应条件对溶胶中金粒子的形貌和粒径有着较大影响。在室温下,当辣椒提取液用量为15 m L,氯金酸溶液用量为10 m L时,所得到的纳米金粒子的粒径最小。辣椒提取液中含有多羟基化合物,能将氯金酸还原成金原子,随后金原子在提取物长链高分子位阻效应下组装成纳米金粒子。展开更多
The determination of the osmotic coefficients of the aqueous solution of polyhydroxylated compounds such as glycol, glycerol, sucrose and glucose by Vapour PressureOsmometry at 313, 323 and 333K was carried out over t...The determination of the osmotic coefficients of the aqueous solution of polyhydroxylated compounds such as glycol, glycerol, sucrose and glucose by Vapour PressureOsmometry at 313, 323 and 333K was carried out over the concentration range of 0.0-2.1mol.kg-1 and 0.0-2.0 mol.kg-1 respectively. By using a linear least-square fitting routine,the osmotic coefficients were fitted by a simPle polynomial equation, It was found thatthe relation between the experimental results of molal osmotic coefficients and the massmolal concentration of the solution m are in agree with that from the polynomial fit-ting at different temperature. Factors which imldence the osmotic coefficient such as thenumber of hydroxyl of polyhydroxylated compounds or the molecule weight of the solutemolecules should be further studied, this work will also contribute to the studies of otherthermodynamical properties of the aqueous solution of polyhydroxylated compound.展开更多
根据在90℃下测定的含0.4%瓜尔胶、0.03%硼砂、0.008%过硫酸铵（胶囊）的加剂基础压裂液成胶、破胶情况,加入适量NaOH或多羟基化合物SYCA均可延缓交联、提高耐温性。加入0.005%-0.01%NaOH使交联时间延长至5.00-15.03 s,破胶时间由11m i...根据在90℃下测定的含0.4%瓜尔胶、0.03%硼砂、0.008%过硫酸铵（胶囊）的加剂基础压裂液成胶、破胶情况,加入适量NaOH或多羟基化合物SYCA均可延缓交联、提高耐温性。加入0.005%-0.01%NaOH使交联时间延长至5.00-15.03 s,破胶时间由11m in延长至16-〉20 m in,破胶液黏度不变;加入0.01%-0.06%SYCA使破胶时间延长至32-83 m in,破胶液黏度略增大;同时加入0.4%NaOH和0.04%SYCA使破胶时间延长至75 m in以上,破胶液黏度略微增大。加入0.01%NaOH的压裂液在90℃、170 l/s剪切16 m in后黏度即降至50 mPa.s以下,而同时加入0.01%NaOH和0.04%SYCA时,剪切60 m in后黏度仍大于70 mPa.s。加入SYCA对压裂液破胶液的表界面张力无负面影响。讨论了SYCA延缓交联、提高耐温性机理。展开更多
文摘由于纳米金的许多性能均取决于其粒径,因此制备粒径可控的纳米金是非常重要的。本文采用绿色还原法,以氯金酸溶液为前驱体、辣椒提取液为保护剂和还原剂,通过改变反应条件制备了纳米金粒子。采用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、马尔文粒径分析仪、透射电镜、场发射扫描电镜和能谱仪等对所制备的样品进行了表征。结果显示,此法所制备溶胶中的金粒子均一性较好,为球状的纳米粒子,主要成分为单质金;分散性较好,粒径较小,SEM分析表明其平均粒径约为25 nm。辣椒提取液用量、氯金酸溶液用量等反应条件对溶胶中金粒子的形貌和粒径有着较大影响。在室温下,当辣椒提取液用量为15 m L,氯金酸溶液用量为10 m L时,所得到的纳米金粒子的粒径最小。辣椒提取液中含有多羟基化合物,能将氯金酸还原成金原子,随后金原子在提取物长链高分子位阻效应下组装成纳米金粒子。
文摘The determination of the osmotic coefficients of the aqueous solution of polyhydroxylated compounds such as glycol, glycerol, sucrose and glucose by Vapour PressureOsmometry at 313, 323 and 333K was carried out over the concentration range of 0.0-2.1mol.kg-1 and 0.0-2.0 mol.kg-1 respectively. By using a linear least-square fitting routine,the osmotic coefficients were fitted by a simPle polynomial equation, It was found thatthe relation between the experimental results of molal osmotic coefficients and the massmolal concentration of the solution m are in agree with that from the polynomial fit-ting at different temperature. Factors which imldence the osmotic coefficient such as thenumber of hydroxyl of polyhydroxylated compounds or the molecule weight of the solutemolecules should be further studied, this work will also contribute to the studies of otherthermodynamical properties of the aqueous solution of polyhydroxylated compound.
文摘根据在90℃下测定的含0.4%瓜尔胶、0.03%硼砂、0.008%过硫酸铵（胶囊）的加剂基础压裂液成胶、破胶情况,加入适量NaOH或多羟基化合物SYCA均可延缓交联、提高耐温性。加入0.005%-0.01%NaOH使交联时间延长至5.00-15.03 s,破胶时间由11m in延长至16-〉20 m in,破胶液黏度不变;加入0.01%-0.06%SYCA使破胶时间延长至32-83 m in,破胶液黏度略增大;同时加入0.4%NaOH和0.04%SYCA使破胶时间延长至75 m in以上,破胶液黏度略微增大。加入0.01%NaOH的压裂液在90℃、170 l/s剪切16 m in后黏度即降至50 mPa.s以下,而同时加入0.01%NaOH和0.04%SYCA时,剪切60 m in后黏度仍大于70 mPa.s。加入SYCA对压裂液破胶液的表界面张力无负面影响。讨论了SYCA延缓交联、提高耐温性机理。
