Polygonati rhizoma is often used in Chinese medicine and as food.In this study,atmospheric pressure matrixassisted laser desorption ionization and quadruple-time-of-flight(MALDI-Q-TOF)mass spectrometry techniques were...Polygonati rhizoma is often used in Chinese medicine and as food.In this study,atmospheric pressure matrixassisted laser desorption ionization and quadruple-time-of-flight(MALDI-Q-TOF)mass spectrometry techniques were applied to P.rhizoma samples from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua species.Positive ions were mainly detected in the mass range of m/z 200-600,while negative ions were mainly observed in the mass range of m/z 100-450.A total of 263 components were identified and the spatial distribution and changes in saccharides contents during the steaming process of P.rhizoma were investigated.Monosaccharide and disaccharide exhibit a relatively uniform distribution,while the oligosaccharides were mainly found in the bast of fresh P.rhizoma.Although the contents of monosaccharide and disaccharide were increased during steaming,that of trisaccharide,tetrasaccharide,and pentasaccharide were decreased.We used the 5 saccharide types with the greatest variation in content as variables for the principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis.Both PCA and cluster analysis showed that these 5 saccharides can be used as markers in the steaming process of the P.rhizoma.Present study of mass spectrometry imaging provides novel insights into the spatiotemporal accumulation patterns of saccharides in P.rhizoma,improving our understanding of the steaming process.展开更多
Polygonati Rhizoma,a functional food and a traditional Chinese medicine broadly used in China and several Southeast Asia countries,possesses effective health-promoting activities.Prepared from 3 plants in Polygonatum ...Polygonati Rhizoma,a functional food and a traditional Chinese medicine broadly used in China and several Southeast Asia countries,possesses effective health-promoting activities.Prepared from 3 plants in Polygonatum genus(Polygonatum kingianum,Polygonatum sibiricum,and Polygonatum cyrtonema),Polygonati Rhizoma has drawn increasing attention due to its remarkable immune-enhancing and metabolic regulatory activities in recent years.In this review,we summarized the updated research of chemical constituents and biological activities of Polygonati Rhizoma,especially the metabolic regulation,immunomodulatory effects,and anti-fatigue activities,aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding,broaden the usage and promote more in-depth exploration of Polygonati Rhizoma as a functional food.展开更多
A purified polysaccharide with a galactose backbone(SPR-1,Mw 3,622 Da)was isolated from processed Polygonati Rhizoma with black beans(PRWB)and characterized its chemical properties.The backbone of SPR-1 consisted of[(...A purified polysaccharide with a galactose backbone(SPR-1,Mw 3,622 Da)was isolated from processed Polygonati Rhizoma with black beans(PRWB)and characterized its chemical properties.The backbone of SPR-1 consisted of[(4)-b-D-Galp-(1]9/4,6)-b-D-Galp-(1/4)-a-D-GalpA-(1/4)-a-D-GalpA-(1/4)-aD-Glcp-(1/4,6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/4)-a/b-D-Glcp,with a branch chain of R1:b-D-Galp-(1/3)-b-D-Galp-(1/connected to the/4,6)-b-D-Galp-(1/via O-6,and a branch chain of R2:a-D-Glcp-(1/6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/connected to the/4,6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/via O-6.Immunomodulatory assays showed that the SPR-1 significantly activated macrophages,and increased secretion of NO and cytokines(i.e.,IL-1b and TNF-a),as well as promoted the phagocytic activities of cells.Furthermore,isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)analysis and molecular docking results indicated high-affinity binding between SPR-1 and MD2 with the equilibrium dissociation constant(KD)of 18.8 mM.It was suggested that SPR-1 activated the immune response through Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signaling and downstream responses.Our research demonstrated that the SPR-1 has a promising candidate from PRWB for the TLR4 agonist to induce immune response,and also provided an easily accessible way that can be used for PR deep processing。展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the influence of different times of steaming and exposing to the sun on the fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma by studying the HPLC fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma processed products with diffe...[Objectives]To explore the influence of different times of steaming and exposing to the sun on the fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma by studying the HPLC fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma processed products with different times of steaming and exposing to the sun,and to provide a basis for the determination of the best processing technology of Polygonati Rhizoma.[Methods]SETSAIL II AQ-C 18(5μm×250 mm×4.6 mm)was used as the column,the column temperature was 30℃,pure water(A)and acetonitrile(B)were eluted gradually,0-10 min,B(5%-10%),10-30 min,B(10%-35%),30-40 min,B(35%-60%),40-45 min,B(60%-100%),flow rate 1 mL/min,absorption wavelength 200 nm.[Results]The relative retained peak area RSDs of the common peaks in the precision,reproducibility and stability tests were all less than 5%.There were 17 common peaks in the fingerprint of nine batches of samples,and the retention time of Peak 2 was basically the same as that of the reference peak of 5-HMF.Peak 4 mainly existed in the chromatogram of Sample 3 to Sample 5,peaks 5 and 11 mainly existed after Sample 3,peaks 9,14 and 16 mainly existed after Sample 6,and peaks 12 and 17 mainly existed after Sample 4.[Conclusions]A total of 17 common peaks were obtained,and the Peak 2 was the designated peak,and the chemical components of each processed product were different.展开更多
Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of ...Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of some Chinese medical herbs on DNA nicking induced by alternariol. Some substances in the extracts of Rhizoma polygonati (RP) and Fructus lycii (FL) were shown to protect DNA from the attack by alternariol.Some substance in the RP may bind to plasmid DNA, and this binding reduces the electrophoretic mobility of DNA. These results indicate that substances from FL and RP may be used as DNA protectors. It is possible that they play an important role in preventing cancer.展开更多
Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on th...Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, and pharmacological effects of PR till now. In this study, the botany, traditional uses including Taoist medicine, and pharmacological effects of PR were reviewed and summarized to provide insights on drug development of PR. In Taoist medicine, PR maintains agerasia and helps prolong human life-span, and is used for fasting (Bigu). In the Zhong Guo Yao Dian (《中国药典》Chinese Pharmacopeia) version 2020, PR exerts replenishing qi and nourishing yin, invigorating the spleen, moistening the lung, and strengthening the kidney. Pharmacological studies show that PR has effects of anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteoporosis, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemia, cardiomyocyte protection, immunomodulatory, and thus can be used for treatment of infertility, anti-microorganisms, and improving sleep and memory. In conclusion, PR may play a potential role for chronic disease management and health preservation and this very role deserves a more in-depth research.展开更多
[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the water extraction-alcohol precipitation technology and content determination method of polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati.[Methods]Taking the content of polysaccharide...[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the water extraction-alcohol precipitation technology and content determination method of polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati.[Methods]Taking the content of polysaccharides in the extract as the indicator,the extraction process was optimized using single-factor tests and Box-Behnken Design.The content of polysaccharides extracted was determined by the anthrone-sulfuric acid method.Among the three factors in the test design,the solid/liquid ratio and extraction time had a significant effect(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the extraction temperature had no effect on the content of polysaccharides extracted(P>0.05).[Results]The optimal extraction process for polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati was as follows:liquid/solid ratio 20∶1(mL/g),extraction time 2 h,and extraction temperature 85℃.Under the optimal extraction process,the content of polysaccharides in the extract reached 12.50%.[Conclusions]The extraction process optimized by response surface methodology for polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati is reliable and has practical value,and can be used to guide production practices.展开更多
Recently,traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment has succeeded in fighting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and Rhizoma polygonati(Huangjing)has been one of the recommended components.Its processed products pla...Recently,traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment has succeeded in fighting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and Rhizoma polygonati(Huangjing)has been one of the recommended components.Its processed products play antidiabetic,antiviral,antitumor,antioxidation,antifatigue,antiaging,and immune enhancement roles.The climate in Mount Tai is mild,and the dense forest is suitable for the growth of Rhizome polygonati,which has gradually evolved into a unique specie.Considering the important medicinal value and pleasant taste of Mount Tai-Rhizoma polygonati,various healthy and functional food products,controlled by quality markers with anti-COVID-19 potential,as well as emergency foods can be developed.The study aimed to review current evidence on the nutritional value of Rhizoma polygonati from Mount Tai and its usefulness as a traditional Chinese medicine,source of herbzyme,and potential remediating agent for COVID-19 and food shortage.Most recent findings regarding herbal nanomedicine have revealed that nanoscale chemical compounds are potentially efficient in drug delivery or nanozyme catalysis upon bioprocessing.Nanoflower structure is found in processed Rhizoma polygonati by self-assembly and has wide application in enzymatic events,particularly nanoscale herbzyme.The novel findings regarding Mount Tai-Rhizoma polygonati could enhance its novel applications in chronic and hidden hunger,clinical nanomedicine,and as an anti-COVID-19 agent.展开更多
Objective To explore the major compound in Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精)for quality control.Methods The major compound was isolated and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),and subsequently...Objective To explore the major compound in Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精)for quality control.Methods The major compound was isolated and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),and subsequently further identified by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).Thin layer chromatography(TLC)was optimized based on the previous methods reported in the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2015 edition).Results The major compound was isolated from the natural material and identified as linoleic acid.A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method with robust linearity(R2=0.9997),specificity,precision,stability,repeatability and recovery was developed for linoleic acid determination.TLC chromatogram was improved significantly after optimization for qualitative analysis.Conclusions The optimized TLC method is practical and can be adopted for quality control of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精).The levels of linoleic acid vary between species of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精),with Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(Jiang Xing Huang Jing,姜型黄精)showing the highest contents.This study provides valuable information for quality control of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精).展开更多
基金funded by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022RC1224,2022ZYC010)the Changsha Science and Technology Program(kh2004018)the Training Program for Excellent Young Innovators of Changsha(kq2206064)。
文摘Polygonati rhizoma is often used in Chinese medicine and as food.In this study,atmospheric pressure matrixassisted laser desorption ionization and quadruple-time-of-flight(MALDI-Q-TOF)mass spectrometry techniques were applied to P.rhizoma samples from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua species.Positive ions were mainly detected in the mass range of m/z 200-600,while negative ions were mainly observed in the mass range of m/z 100-450.A total of 263 components were identified and the spatial distribution and changes in saccharides contents during the steaming process of P.rhizoma were investigated.Monosaccharide and disaccharide exhibit a relatively uniform distribution,while the oligosaccharides were mainly found in the bast of fresh P.rhizoma.Although the contents of monosaccharide and disaccharide were increased during steaming,that of trisaccharide,tetrasaccharide,and pentasaccharide were decreased.We used the 5 saccharide types with the greatest variation in content as variables for the principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis.Both PCA and cluster analysis showed that these 5 saccharides can be used as markers in the steaming process of the P.rhizoma.Present study of mass spectrometry imaging provides novel insights into the spatiotemporal accumulation patterns of saccharides in P.rhizoma,improving our understanding of the steaming process.
基金funded by Scientific and Technological Research Project and Technology Innovation Platform Project of Huibei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2025AFD345 and 2024CSA071)grant from Huanggang Science and Technology Bureau(ZDZX20240008)。
文摘Polygonati Rhizoma,a functional food and a traditional Chinese medicine broadly used in China and several Southeast Asia countries,possesses effective health-promoting activities.Prepared from 3 plants in Polygonatum genus(Polygonatum kingianum,Polygonatum sibiricum,and Polygonatum cyrtonema),Polygonati Rhizoma has drawn increasing attention due to its remarkable immune-enhancing and metabolic regulatory activities in recent years.In this review,we summarized the updated research of chemical constituents and biological activities of Polygonati Rhizoma,especially the metabolic regulation,immunomodulatory effects,and anti-fatigue activities,aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding,broaden the usage and promote more in-depth exploration of Polygonati Rhizoma as a functional food.
基金supported by Sichuan Provincial Regional Innovation Cooperation Project,China(Grant No.:2023YFQ0084)the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT),China(Grant No.:0043/2021/AGJ).
文摘A purified polysaccharide with a galactose backbone(SPR-1,Mw 3,622 Da)was isolated from processed Polygonati Rhizoma with black beans(PRWB)and characterized its chemical properties.The backbone of SPR-1 consisted of[(4)-b-D-Galp-(1]9/4,6)-b-D-Galp-(1/4)-a-D-GalpA-(1/4)-a-D-GalpA-(1/4)-aD-Glcp-(1/4,6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/4)-a/b-D-Glcp,with a branch chain of R1:b-D-Galp-(1/3)-b-D-Galp-(1/connected to the/4,6)-b-D-Galp-(1/via O-6,and a branch chain of R2:a-D-Glcp-(1/6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/connected to the/4,6)-a-D-Glcp-(1/via O-6.Immunomodulatory assays showed that the SPR-1 significantly activated macrophages,and increased secretion of NO and cytokines(i.e.,IL-1b and TNF-a),as well as promoted the phagocytic activities of cells.Furthermore,isothermal titration calorimetry(ITC)analysis and molecular docking results indicated high-affinity binding between SPR-1 and MD2 with the equilibrium dissociation constant(KD)of 18.8 mM.It was suggested that SPR-1 activated the immune response through Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)signaling and downstream responses.Our research demonstrated that the SPR-1 has a promising candidate from PRWB for the TLR4 agonist to induce immune response,and also provided an easily accessible way that can be used for PR deep processing。
基金Supported by General Program of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2022GXNSFAA035599).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the influence of different times of steaming and exposing to the sun on the fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma by studying the HPLC fingerprint of Polygonati Rhizoma processed products with different times of steaming and exposing to the sun,and to provide a basis for the determination of the best processing technology of Polygonati Rhizoma.[Methods]SETSAIL II AQ-C 18(5μm×250 mm×4.6 mm)was used as the column,the column temperature was 30℃,pure water(A)and acetonitrile(B)were eluted gradually,0-10 min,B(5%-10%),10-30 min,B(10%-35%),30-40 min,B(35%-60%),40-45 min,B(60%-100%),flow rate 1 mL/min,absorption wavelength 200 nm.[Results]The relative retained peak area RSDs of the common peaks in the precision,reproducibility and stability tests were all less than 5%.There were 17 common peaks in the fingerprint of nine batches of samples,and the retention time of Peak 2 was basically the same as that of the reference peak of 5-HMF.Peak 4 mainly existed in the chromatogram of Sample 3 to Sample 5,peaks 5 and 11 mainly existed after Sample 3,peaks 9,14 and 16 mainly existed after Sample 6,and peaks 12 and 17 mainly existed after Sample 4.[Conclusions]A total of 17 common peaks were obtained,and the Peak 2 was the designated peak,and the chemical components of each processed product were different.
文摘Alternariol caused DNA single-strand breakage. Conversion of the closed circular double-stranded supercoiled DNA (pBR 322) to the nicked circular form and linear form was used to investigate the effect of extracts of some Chinese medical herbs on DNA nicking induced by alternariol. Some substances in the extracts of Rhizoma polygonati (RP) and Fructus lycii (FL) were shown to protect DNA from the attack by alternariol.Some substance in the RP may bind to plasmid DNA, and this binding reduces the electrophoretic mobility of DNA. These results indicate that substances from FL and RP may be used as DNA protectors. It is possible that they play an important role in preventing cancer.
基金The study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81874356)the Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research from Hubei University of Medicine(Nos.WDCM2018002,WDCM201917,and WDCM201918)+1 种基金the Chinese Medicine Project of Health Commission of Hubei Province(No.ZY2021010)the Foundation for Innovative Research Team of Hubei University of Medicine(No.2018YHKT01).
文摘Huang Jing (黄精 Polygonati Rhizoma, PR) was first documented as a herbal medicine in Ming Yi Bie Lu (《名医别录》 Miscellaneous Records of Famous Physicians) in China. However, there was no comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, and pharmacological effects of PR till now. In this study, the botany, traditional uses including Taoist medicine, and pharmacological effects of PR were reviewed and summarized to provide insights on drug development of PR. In Taoist medicine, PR maintains agerasia and helps prolong human life-span, and is used for fasting (Bigu). In the Zhong Guo Yao Dian (《中国药典》Chinese Pharmacopeia) version 2020, PR exerts replenishing qi and nourishing yin, invigorating the spleen, moistening the lung, and strengthening the kidney. Pharmacological studies show that PR has effects of anti-oxidation, anti-diabetes, anti-osteoporosis, anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemia, cardiomyocyte protection, immunomodulatory, and thus can be used for treatment of infertility, anti-microorganisms, and improving sleep and memory. In conclusion, PR may play a potential role for chronic disease management and health preservation and this very role deserves a more in-depth research.
基金Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for Undergraduates of Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology(202011430059)Research Project of Undergraduate Teaching Reform in General Higher Education in Liaoning Province 2018:High-quality Teaching Resource Construction and Sharing Project(247).
文摘[Objectives]This study aimed to investigate the water extraction-alcohol precipitation technology and content determination method of polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati.[Methods]Taking the content of polysaccharides in the extract as the indicator,the extraction process was optimized using single-factor tests and Box-Behnken Design.The content of polysaccharides extracted was determined by the anthrone-sulfuric acid method.Among the three factors in the test design,the solid/liquid ratio and extraction time had a significant effect(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the extraction temperature had no effect on the content of polysaccharides extracted(P>0.05).[Results]The optimal extraction process for polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati was as follows:liquid/solid ratio 20∶1(mL/g),extraction time 2 h,and extraction temperature 85℃.Under the optimal extraction process,the content of polysaccharides in the extract reached 12.50%.[Conclusions]The extraction process optimized by response surface methodology for polysaccharides in Rhizoma Polygonati is reliable and has practical value,and can be used to guide production practices.
基金financially supported by Shandong Taishanghuangjing Biotechnology Co.Ltd.received Faculty-Development Competitive Research Grants Program of Nazarbayev University(ID:16797152,ie,15798117(110119FD4531)to Yingqiu Xie,and ID:16796808,ie,15874919(110119FD4542)to Haiyan Fan and Yingqiu Xie)2019 Asian Universities Alliance(AUA)fellowship of United Arab Emirates University(UAEU)to Yingqiu Xie and Amr Amin.
文摘Recently,traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment has succeeded in fighting coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and Rhizoma polygonati(Huangjing)has been one of the recommended components.Its processed products play antidiabetic,antiviral,antitumor,antioxidation,antifatigue,antiaging,and immune enhancement roles.The climate in Mount Tai is mild,and the dense forest is suitable for the growth of Rhizome polygonati,which has gradually evolved into a unique specie.Considering the important medicinal value and pleasant taste of Mount Tai-Rhizoma polygonati,various healthy and functional food products,controlled by quality markers with anti-COVID-19 potential,as well as emergency foods can be developed.The study aimed to review current evidence on the nutritional value of Rhizoma polygonati from Mount Tai and its usefulness as a traditional Chinese medicine,source of herbzyme,and potential remediating agent for COVID-19 and food shortage.Most recent findings regarding herbal nanomedicine have revealed that nanoscale chemical compounds are potentially efficient in drug delivery or nanozyme catalysis upon bioprocessing.Nanoflower structure is found in processed Rhizoma polygonati by self-assembly and has wide application in enzymatic events,particularly nanoscale herbzyme.The novel findings regarding Mount Tai-Rhizoma polygonati could enhance its novel applications in chronic and hidden hunger,clinical nanomedicine,and as an anti-COVID-19 agent.
基金We thank for the funding support from the National Standardization Construction in TCMs of China(No.ZYBZH-Y-HUN-23)National Key Research and Development Projects of China(No.2018YFC1707903)Key Research and Development Projects of Hunan Province(No.2018SK2119).
文摘Objective To explore the major compound in Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精)for quality control.Methods The major compound was isolated and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS),and subsequently further identified by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).Thin layer chromatography(TLC)was optimized based on the previous methods reported in the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2015 edition).Results The major compound was isolated from the natural material and identified as linoleic acid.A high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method with robust linearity(R2=0.9997),specificity,precision,stability,repeatability and recovery was developed for linoleic acid determination.TLC chromatogram was improved significantly after optimization for qualitative analysis.Conclusions The optimized TLC method is practical and can be adopted for quality control of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精).The levels of linoleic acid vary between species of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精),with Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(Jiang Xing Huang Jing,姜型黄精)showing the highest contents.This study provides valuable information for quality control of Polygonati Rhizoma(Huang Jing,黄精).
