Industrial competitiveness and regional value are fundamentally consistent yet different in that the former relates to businesses while the latter is concerned with households(regional employment,taxes and the environ...Industrial competitiveness and regional value are fundamentally consistent yet different in that the former relates to businesses while the latter is concerned with households(regional employment,taxes and the environment).In a market-based economy,most enterprises are able to'vote with their feet'and move to regions that are favorable to them.For a region,enterprises contribute to regional value only when they set展开更多
The present study explored how teacher professional development(PD)activities function as a mediator between teachers’perceptions of work value and policy orientation,their motivation,and their overall job satisfacti...The present study explored how teacher professional development(PD)activities function as a mediator between teachers’perceptions of work value and policy orientation,their motivation,and their overall job satisfaction.The study drew on a sample of 3047 Chinese junior high school teachers from the 2018 Teaching and Learning International Survey(TALIS),of whom 74.47%were female.Results from the mediation model revealed that job satisfaction was positively associated with teacher motivation,as well as with teachers’perceptions of value and policy orientation.The findings further revealed that teacher participation in PD activities played a partial mediating role in the links connecting altruistic motivation,perceptions of value and policy orientation,and job satisfaction.However,this mediating effect was not observed in the link between teacher extrinsic motivation and job satisfaction.Our findings provide evidence for Schwartz’s human values theory proposition that,when work values are aligned with teachers’values,their engagement in PD activities enhances job satisfaction.Practically,decision-makers should design PD programs and policy frameworks that help teachers internalize extrinsic motives into more autonomous forms.展开更多
In this paper,we present a new method for finding a fixed local-optimal policy for computing the customer lifetime value.The method is developed for a class of ergodic controllable finite Markov chains.We propose an a...In this paper,we present a new method for finding a fixed local-optimal policy for computing the customer lifetime value.The method is developed for a class of ergodic controllable finite Markov chains.We propose an approach based on a non-converging state-value function that fluctuates（increases and decreases） between states of the dynamic process.We prove that it is possible to represent that function in a recursive format using a one-step-ahead fixed-optimal policy.Then,we provide an analytical formula for the numerical realization of the fixed local-optimal strategy.We also present a second approach based on linear programming,to solve the same problem,that implement the c-variable method for making the problem computationally tractable.At the end,we show that these two approaches are related：after a finite number of iterations our proposed approach converges to same result as the linear programming method.We also present a non-traditional approach for ergodicity verification.The validity of the proposed methods is successfully demonstrated theoretically and,by simulated credit-card marketing experiments computing the customer lifetime value for both an optimization and a game theory approach.展开更多
文摘Industrial competitiveness and regional value are fundamentally consistent yet different in that the former relates to businesses while the latter is concerned with households(regional employment,taxes and the environment).In a market-based economy,most enterprises are able to'vote with their feet'and move to regions that are favorable to them.For a region,enterprises contribute to regional value only when they set
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72404256)。
文摘The present study explored how teacher professional development(PD)activities function as a mediator between teachers’perceptions of work value and policy orientation,their motivation,and their overall job satisfaction.The study drew on a sample of 3047 Chinese junior high school teachers from the 2018 Teaching and Learning International Survey(TALIS),of whom 74.47%were female.Results from the mediation model revealed that job satisfaction was positively associated with teacher motivation,as well as with teachers’perceptions of value and policy orientation.The findings further revealed that teacher participation in PD activities played a partial mediating role in the links connecting altruistic motivation,perceptions of value and policy orientation,and job satisfaction.However,this mediating effect was not observed in the link between teacher extrinsic motivation and job satisfaction.Our findings provide evidence for Schwartz’s human values theory proposition that,when work values are aligned with teachers’values,their engagement in PD activities enhances job satisfaction.Practically,decision-makers should design PD programs and policy frameworks that help teachers internalize extrinsic motives into more autonomous forms.
文摘In this paper,we present a new method for finding a fixed local-optimal policy for computing the customer lifetime value.The method is developed for a class of ergodic controllable finite Markov chains.We propose an approach based on a non-converging state-value function that fluctuates（increases and decreases） between states of the dynamic process.We prove that it is possible to represent that function in a recursive format using a one-step-ahead fixed-optimal policy.Then,we provide an analytical formula for the numerical realization of the fixed local-optimal strategy.We also present a second approach based on linear programming,to solve the same problem,that implement the c-variable method for making the problem computationally tractable.At the end,we show that these two approaches are related：after a finite number of iterations our proposed approach converges to same result as the linear programming method.We also present a non-traditional approach for ergodicity verification.The validity of the proposed methods is successfully demonstrated theoretically and,by simulated credit-card marketing experiments computing the customer lifetime value for both an optimization and a game theory approach.
