ZnO with good lithiophilicity has widely been employed to modify the lithiophobic substrates and facilitate uniform lithium(Li)deposition.The overpotential of ZnO-derived Li anode during cycling depends on the lithiop...ZnO with good lithiophilicity has widely been employed to modify the lithiophobic substrates and facilitate uniform lithium(Li)deposition.The overpotential of ZnO-derived Li anode during cycling depends on the lithiophilicity of both LiZn and Li_(2)O products upon lithiation of ZnO.However,the striking differences in the lithiophilicity between Li_(2)O and LiZn would result in a high overpotential during cycling.In this research,the Al_(2)O_(3)/nZnO(n≥1)hybrid layers were precisely fabricated by atomic layer deposition(ALD)to regulate the lithiophilicity of ZnO phase and Li_(2)O/LiZn configuration—determining the actual Li loading amount and Li plating/stripping processes.Theoretically,the Li adsorption energy(E_(a))values of LiZn and Li_(2)O in the LiZn/Li_(2)O configuration are separately predicted as-2.789 and-3.447 eV.In comparison,the E_(a) values of LiZn,LiAlO_(2),and Li_(2)O in the LiZn/LiAlO_(2)/Li_(2)O configuration upon lithiation of Al_(2)O_(3)/8ZnO layer are calculated as-2.899,-3.089,and-3.208 eV,respectively.Importantly,a novel introduction of LiAlO_(2)into the LiZn/Li_(2)O configuration could enable the hierarchical Li plating/stripping and reduce the overpotentials during cycling.Consequently,the Al_(2)O_(3)/8ZnO-derived hybrid Li-metal anode could exhibit electrochemical performances superior to these of ZnO-derived Li anode in both symmetrical and full cells paired with a LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NCM622)cathode.展开更多
Stripping injection overcomes the limitations of Liouville's theorem and is widely used for beam injection and accumulation in high-intensity synchrotrons.The interaction between the stripping foil and beam is cru...Stripping injection overcomes the limitations of Liouville's theorem and is widely used for beam injection and accumulation in high-intensity synchrotrons.The interaction between the stripping foil and beam is crucial in the study of stripping injection,particularly in low-energy stripping injection synchrotrons,such as the XiPAF synchrotron.The foil thickness is the main parameter that affects the properties of the beam after injection.The thin stripping foil is reinforced with collodion during its installation.However,the collodion on the foil surface makes it difficult to determine its equivalent thickness,because the mechanical measurements are not sufficiently reliable or convenient for continuously determining foil thickness.We propose an online stripping foil thickness measurement method based on the ionization energy loss effect,which is suitable for any foil thickness and does not require additional equipment.Experimental studies were conducted using the XiPAF synchrotron.The limitation of this method was examined,and the results were verified by comparing the experimentally obtained beam current accumulation curves with the simulation results.This confirms the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method for measuring the stripping foil thickness.展开更多
High ammonia-nitrogen digestate has become a key bottleneck limiting the anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste.Vacuum ammonia stripping can simultaneously remove and recover ammonia nitrogen,which has attracted a...High ammonia-nitrogen digestate has become a key bottleneck limiting the anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste.Vacuum ammonia stripping can simultaneously remove and recover ammonia nitrogen,which has attracted a lot of attention in recent years.To investigate the parameter effects on the efficiency and mass transfer,five combination conditions(53℃ 15 kPa,60°C 20 kPa,65°C 25 kPa,72°C 35 kPa,and 81°C 50 kPa)were conducted for ammonia stripping of sludge digestate.The results showed that 80%of ammonia nitrogen was stripped in 45 min for all experimental groups,but the ammonia transfer coefficient varied under different conditions,which increased with the rising of boiling point temperature,and reached the maximum value(39.0 mm/hr)at 81°C 50 kPa.The ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was more than 80%for 30 min vacuum stripping after adjusting the initial pH to above 9.5,and adjustment of the initial alkalinity also affects the pH value of liquid digestate.It was found that pH and alkalinity are the key factors influencing the ammonia nitrogen dissociation and removal efficiency,while temperature and vacuum mainly affect the ammonia nitrogen mass transfer and removal velocity.In terms of the mechanism of vacuum ammonia stripping,it underwent alkalinity destruction,pH enhancement,ammonia nitrogen dissociation,and free ammonia removal.In this study,two-stage experiments of alkalinity destruction and ammonia removal were also carried out,which showed that the two-stage configuration was beneficial for ammonia removal.It provides a theoretical basis and practical technology for the vacuum ammonia stripping from liquid digestate of organic solid waste.展开更多
The lithium(Li)metal anode is regarded as the upcoming generation of battery anodes due to its high theoretical capacity(3860 mAh g^(-1))and low standard reduction potential(-3.04 vs SHE).Addressing challenges related...The lithium(Li)metal anode is regarded as the upcoming generation of battery anodes due to its high theoretical capacity(3860 mAh g^(-1))and low standard reduction potential(-3.04 vs SHE).Addressing challenges related to the formation of Li metal dendrites,such as short circuits and low Coulombic efficiency,is crucial for the practical implementation of Li metal anodes.Previous research on Li metal has primarily focus on the Li plating process for achieving homogeneous growth.However,our study highlights the significance of pit formation variations,which significantly influence Li growth behavior in subsequent cycles.Expanding on this understanding,we formulated electrochemical activation conditions to promote uniform pit formation,thereby doubling the cycle life in a symmetric cell,and increasing the capacity retention of NCM622||Li full-cell from 68.7%to 79.5%after 500 cycles.展开更多
A stable lithium-metal anode is critical for high performance lithium-metal batteries. However, heterogeneous Li plating/stripping may induce lithium dendrites formation on bare lithium-metal anode, which lowers the c...A stable lithium-metal anode is critical for high performance lithium-metal batteries. However, heterogeneous Li plating/stripping may induce lithium dendrites formation on bare lithium-metal anode, which lowers the cell Coulombic efficiency and weakens battery safety. We found that bare Li metal surface becomes bumpy and cratered with numerous pits formation during Li stripping. These pits enhance electric field distortion and heterogeneous ion distribution during plating. Li plating preferentially happens on the edge of the pits, intensifying the voltage variation and Li dendrites growth, which leads to the cell rapid death or separator piercing. Herein, we propose a facile and mass-producible method to homogenize Li plating/stripping via adding lithiophilic particles into Li metal. Zinc particles were uniformly pressed in Li metal by a facile and scalable physical strategy of “rolling”, and transformed into LiZn alloy in situ through Li-Zn alloying at room temperature in a few minutes. The critical role of modified LiZn/Li composite anode in stabilizing electrode surface was revealed by both electrochemical test and simulation. Compared with bare Li anode, the evenly dispersed LiZn alloy particles in Li metal can effectively regulate the Li plating/stripping on electrode surface, reducing deepness of pits during stripping and directionally inducing Li plating to maintain electrode surface stability. On this basis, the pits depth of LiZn/Li composite during Li stripping is reduced to ∼ 15 μm, which is much shallower than that of bare Li metal of ∼ 40 μm. The LiZn/Li composite electrode can stably cycle for 600 h under Li plating/stripping capacity of 1 mAh·cm−2 and current density of 1 mA·cm−2 without any short circuit. Furthermore, assembled LiZn/Li||LiFePO4 full cell presents better cycling stability and rate performances than that of based on bare Li anode.展开更多
Refinery sour water primarily originates from the tops of towers in various units and coker condensate,and cannot be discharged directly to a wastewater treatment plant due to high levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD...Refinery sour water primarily originates from the tops of towers in various units and coker condensate,and cannot be discharged directly to a wastewater treatment plant due to high levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and organic sulfur contents.Even after the recovery of H_(2)S from the sour water by the stripping process,the effluent still contains a high concentration of dissolved organic sulfur(DOS),which can have a huge bad influence.While chemical composition of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in refinery wastewater has been extensively studied,the investigation of recalcitrant DOS from sour waters remains unclear.In the present study,chemical composition of sour water DOMs(especially DOS)was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy(excitation-emission matrix,EEM)and mass spectrometry,including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and high-resolution Orbitrap MS.The GC-MS and EEM results showed that volatile and low-aromaticity compounds were effectively removed during the stripping process,while compounds with high hydrophilicity and humification degree were found to be more recalcitrant.The Orbitrap MS results showed that weak-polar oxygenated sulfur compounds were easier to be removed than oxygenated compounds.However,the effluent still contained significant amounts of sulfur-containing compounds with multiple sulfur atoms,particularly in the form of highly unsaturated and aromatic compounds.The Orbitrap MS/MS results of CHOS-containing compounds from the effluent indicate that the sulfur atoms may exist as sulfonates,disulfide bonds,thioethers.Understanding the composition and structure of sour water DOS is crucial for the development of effective treatment processes that can target polysulfide compounds and minimize their impact on the environment.展开更多
To overcome the inaccuracy problem of the traditional wedge evaluation of steel plates and strips caused by the ran-domness of the thicknesses of two local points and improve the reliability of the wedge index,the dou...To overcome the inaccuracy problem of the traditional wedge evaluation of steel plates and strips caused by the ran-domness of the thicknesses of two local points and improve the reliability of the wedge index,the double-centroid method for the wedge evaluation was proposed,and a model based on the centroid theory was established.Meanwhile,an integral model for the discrete thickness values of the cross-section profiles was derived.The discussion focused on the distinct characteristics of the two-point method,asymmetric method,and double-centroid method in evaluating the asymmetric distribution of cross-sections.The three methods were employed to evaluate the wedge values of both the theoretical and measured cross-sections of steel plates and strips,and the accuracies of three wedge evaluation models were analyzed and discussed.The results showed that the double-centroid method objectively reflects the degree and variation characteristics of the wedge values of the cross-sections of steel plates and strips,and this method is feasible,reliable,and outstanding.展开更多
Stripping units take a key role in the neutral particle analyzer(NPA).A renovated gas-stripping unit was constructed for the newly designed E//B NPA.Using H_(2)as the working gas,we measured the gas inlet pressure(P_(...Stripping units take a key role in the neutral particle analyzer(NPA).A renovated gas-stripping unit was constructed for the newly designed E//B NPA.Using H_(2)as the working gas,we measured the gas inlet pressure(P_(0))and vacuum chamber pressure(P_(3)).The pressure distribution inside the gas-stripping room was calculated with Ansys Fluent,using the measured P_(0)and P_(3)as boundary conditions.The stripping efficiency of the stripping unit was then simulated utilizing the Geant4 Monte Carlo code for the H and D particles.The pressure P_(0)=40 Pa,which is one-sixth of what found in the previous design and corresponds to a thickness of 1.27×10^(17)atoms∕cm^(2),was obtained as the optimum working pressure for the upgraded stripping unit.An 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance(ECR)ion source platform was designed and constructed for E//B NPA calibration,and its performance has been measured.Using the ECR ion source platform,we measured the efficiency of the stripping unit through an inverse experiment with proton beams.We compared the current ratios of measurements with and without H_(2)gas to Geant4 simulation results.We found adequate agreement between the overall trends of the experiment and the simulation.The significant deviation for incident energies below 20 keV may result from the scattering effects of low-energy protons,leading to reduced accuracy in single-scattering physics in Geant4 simulations.Applying the scattering corrections observed in the reverse experiments obtains more accurate stripping efficiencies for H and D atoms in the energy range of 20–200 keV and the global efficiency with the maximum values of 95.0%for H atoms and 78.9%for D atoms at 200 keV.展开更多
Zirconium-titanium-steel composite plate with the size of 2500 mm×7800 mm×(3+0.7+22)mm was prepared by explosive welding+rolling method,and its properties were analyzed by ultrasonic nondestructive testing,p...Zirconium-titanium-steel composite plate with the size of 2500 mm×7800 mm×(3+0.7+22)mm was prepared by explosive welding+rolling method,and its properties were analyzed by ultrasonic nondestructive testing,phased array waveform shape,interface structure shape,electronic scanning,and mechanical property testing.Results show that the rolling temperature of zirconiumtitanium complex should be controlled at 760°C,and the rolling reduction of each pass should be controlled at 10%–25%.The explosive velocity to prepare zirconium-titanium-steel composite plates should be controlled at 2450–2500 m/s,the density should be 0.78 g/cm3,the stand-off height should be 12 mm,and the explosive height of Zone A and Zone B should be 45–50 mm.Explosive welding combined with rolling method reduces the impact of explosive welding and multiple heat treatment on material properties.Meanwhile,the problems of surface wrinkling and cracking,which occur during the preparation process of large-sized zirconiumtitanium-steel composite plate,can be solved.展开更多
Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)is one of the most promising strategies to pro-duce green hydrogen energy,and it is crucial to exploit highly conductive and good corrosion-resistant coatings on bipol...Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)is one of the most promising strategies to pro-duce green hydrogen energy,and it is crucial to exploit highly conductive and good corrosion-resistant coatings on bipolar plates(BPs),one of the core components in PEMWE cells.In this work,NbN coatings are deposited on Ti BPs by magnetron sputtering to improve the corrosion resistance and conductivity,for which the critical process parameters,such as the working pressure,partial nitrogen pressure and de-position temperature are well optimized.It is found that the compact microstructure,highly conductive δ-NbN and uniform nanoparticles play a dominant role in the synergistic improvement of the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of NbN coatings.The optimized NbN coatings exhibit excellent cor-rosion resistance with the low corrosion current density of 1.1×10^(-8) A cm^(-2),a high potential value of-0.005 V vs.SCE and a low ICR value of 15.8 mΩcm2@1.5 MPa.Accordingly,NbN coatings can be a promising candidate for the development of the low-cost and high-anti-corrosion Ti BPs of PEMWE.展开更多
The uncontrollable Li electrostripping and plating process that results in dendritic Li growth and huge volume change of Li anode limits the practicality of Li metal batteries(LMBs).To simultaneously address these iss...The uncontrollable Li electrostripping and plating process that results in dendritic Li growth and huge volume change of Li anode limits the practicality of Li metal batteries(LMBs).To simultaneously address these issues,designing three-dimensional(3D),lithiophilic and mechanically robust electrodes seems to be one of the cost-effective strategies.Herein,a new 3D Li-B-C-Al alloy anode is designed and fabricated.The prepared 3D alloy anode exhibits not only superior lithiophilicity that facilitates uniform Li nucleation and growth but also sufficient mechanical stability that maintains its structural integrity.Superior performance of the prepared 3D alloy is demonstrated through comprehensive electrochemical tests.In addition,non-destructive and 3D synchrotron X-ray computed tomography(SX-CT)technique is employed to investigate the underlying working mechanisms of the prepared alloy anode.A unique twofold Li electrostripping and plating mechanism under different electrochemical cycling conditions is revealed.Lastly,improved performance of the full cells built with the 3D alloy anode and LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathode corroborate its potential application capability.Overall,the current work not only showcases the superiority of the 3D alloy as potential anode material for LMBs but also provides fundamental insights into its underlying working mechanisms that may further propel its research and development.展开更多
Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer ...Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.展开更多
Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional ...Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.展开更多
For the first time,the linear and nonlinear vibrations of composite rectangular sandwich plates with various geometric patterns of lattice core have been analytically examined in this work.The plate comprises a lattic...For the first time,the linear and nonlinear vibrations of composite rectangular sandwich plates with various geometric patterns of lattice core have been analytically examined in this work.The plate comprises a lattice core located in the middle and several homogeneous orthotropic layers that are symmetrical relative to it.For this purpose,the partial differential equations of motion have been derived based on the first-order shear deformation theory,employing Hamilton’s principle and Von Kármán’s nonlinear displacement-strain relations.Then,the nonlinear partial differential equations of the plate are converted into a time-dependent nonlinear ordinary differential equation(Duffing equation)by applying the Galerkin method.From the solution of this equation,the natural frequencies are extracted.Then,to calculate the non-linear frequencies of the plate,the non-linear equation of the plate has been solved analytically using the method of multiple scales.Finally,the effect of some critical parameters of the system,such as the thickness,height,and different angles of the stiffeners on the linear and nonlinear frequencies,has been analyzed in detail.To confirmthe solution method,the results of this research have been compared with the reported results in the literature and finite elements in ABAQUS,and a perfect match is observed.The results reveal that the geometry and configuration of core ribs strongly affect the natural frequencies of the plate.展开更多
In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 m...In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 mg·L^(-1),the cobalt coating transformed from disordered large grains to a honeycomb structure,with a preferred orientation of(002)facet on hexago-nal close-packed(HCP)cobalt crystals.The resistivity of the cobalt film decreased to 14.4μΩ·cm,and further decreased to 10.7μΩ·cm after the annealing treatment.When the concentration of saccharin was increased,the grain size was gradually refined and a“stone forest”structure was observed,with the preferred orientation remaining unchanged.The addition of saccharin also slightly improves the purity of cobalt coating to a certain extent.Through the study of the crystallization behavior of cobalt electroless plating,saccharin molecules can adsorb to specific c-sites on the cobalt dense crystal plane,inhibiting the growth of abc stacking arrangement and inducing the crystal growth in ab stacking mode,thereby achieving optimal growth of HCP(002)texture.展开更多
How the subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate changes in the Early Cretaceous remains highly controversial due to the disappearance of the subducted oceanic plate.Intraplate deform...How the subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate changes in the Early Cretaceous remains highly controversial due to the disappearance of the subducted oceanic plate.Intraplate deformation structures in the east Asian continent,however,provide excellent opportunities for reconstructing paleostress fields in continental interior in relation to the Paleo-Pacific/Eurasian plate interaction.Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility(AMS),geological,and geochronological analyses of post-kinematic mafic dykes intruding the detachment fault zone of the Wulian metamorphic core complex(WL MCC)in Jiaodong Peninsula exemplify emplacement of mantle-sourced dykes in a WNW-ESE(301°-121°)oriented tectonic extensional setting at ca.120 Ma.In combination with the results from our previous kinematic analysis of the MCC,a ca.21°clockwise change in the direction of intraplate extension is obtained for early(135-122 Ma)extensional exhumation of the MCC to late(122-108 Ma)emplacement of the dykes.Such a change is suggested to be related to the variation in subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate,from westward(pre-122 Ma)to west-northwestward(post-122 Ma).展开更多
TaN coatings were deposited on Ti bipolar plates by magnetron sputtering to improve corrosion resistance and service life.The influence of N_(2) flow rate on the surface morphology,hydrophobicity,crystallinity,corrosi...TaN coatings were deposited on Ti bipolar plates by magnetron sputtering to improve corrosion resistance and service life.The influence of N_(2) flow rate on the surface morphology,hydrophobicity,crystallinity,corrosion resistance,and interfacial contact resistance of TaN coatings was studied.Results show that as the N_(2) flow rate increases,the roughness of TaN coatings decreases firstly and then increases,and the hydrophobicity increases firstly and then decreases.At the N_(2) flow rate of 3 mL/min,TaN coating with larger grain size presents lower roughness and high hydrophobicity.The coating possesses the lowest corrosion current density of 2.82µA·cm^(−2) and the highest corrosion potential of−0.184 V vs.SCE in the simulated proton exchange membrane water electrolyser environment.After a potentiostatic polarization test for 10 h,a few corrosion pits are observed on the TaN coatings deposited at an N_(2) flow rate of 3 mL/min.After 75 h of electrolytic water performance testing,the TaN coating on bipolar plate improves the corrosion resistance and thus enhances the electrolysis efficiency(68.87%),greatly reducing the cost of bipolar plates.展开更多
A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless emp...A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless empirical equation to describe the variation of energy absorbed through global deformation as a function of impact velocity.The study further investigates the energy absorption mechanisms of Weldox 460E steel plates,with particular focus on the“plateau”phenomenon,i.e.,limited increase in ballistic limit with increasing plate thickness.This phenomenon is explained and compared with results from previously studied 2024-T351 aluminium plates.The model predictions agree well with experimental data for Weldox 460E steel plates impacted by flat-nosed projectiles,including:relationship between global deformation and impact velocity,ballistic limit,residual velocity,and critical conditions for the transition of failure modes.Moreover,the model effectively predicts the“plateau”phenomenon observed in intermediate plate thickness range.It is also found that the indentation absorption energy contributes a significantly larger fraction of the total absorption energy in Weldox 460E steel plates perforated by flat-nosed projectiles than in 2024-T351 aluminium plates,due to the differences in material properties.展开更多
Background and Objectives: The distal radius fracture (DRF) is a major public health problem in northern countries. Its frequency is constantly increasing. The locked anterior plate with its well-established biomechan...Background and Objectives: The distal radius fracture (DRF) is a major public health problem in northern countries. Its frequency is constantly increasing. The locked anterior plate with its well-established biomechanical properties, offers a reliable alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological, the functional results and to determine the factors of poor postoperative prognosis of DRF treated with Newclip radial plates®. Methodology: This prospective cohort study evaluates the radiological and functional outcames of displaced radius fractures (DRFs) in patients ≥50 years old treated with Newclip® (locked anterior plates) at the Basse-Terre Hospital in Guadeloupe from 2022 to 2024. The patients were categorized into those with epiphyseal involvement (E1 - E4) and without epiphyseal involvement (E0) based on Laulan’s MEU classification. Radiological parameters (distal radio-ulnar index (DRUI), radial inclination frant view (IRF), radial inclination sagittal view (IRS) were assessed pre and post-operatively. Functional recovery was evaluated at 12 months using the QuickDash questionnaire. Results: Falls were the most common cause of fracture. Post-operatively, SRI was the least restored parameter. Poor prognostic factor for SRI improvement included posterior commimution and unstable fractures. Factors associated with higher QuickDash scores included unstable factures, unrestored DRUI, low plate position, metaphyseal features, and ulnar features. Conclusion: The anterior locking plate osteosynthesis is reliable treatment option with excellent functional outcomes.展开更多
High-performance pure nickel N6/steel 45#composite plate(N6/45#)was prepared using explosive welding technique.The microstructure of the interface and nearby regions was characterized and analyzed by optical microscop...High-performance pure nickel N6/steel 45#composite plate(N6/45#)was prepared using explosive welding technique.The microstructure of the interface and nearby regions was characterized and analyzed by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,electron backscatter diffraction,and mechanical property testing,and the microstructural features and mechanical properties of the explosive welding interface were explored.The results show that along the direction of explosive welding,the pure nickel N6/steel 45#composite plate interface gradually evolves from a flat bond to a typical wavy bond.The grains at the crests and troughs exhibit high heterogeneity,and the closer to the interface,the finer the grains.Recrystallization and low-stress deformation bands are formed at the bonding interface.Nanoindentation tests reveal that plastic deformation occurs in the interfacial bonding zone,and the nanohardness values in the crest regions are higher than that in the trough regions.The tensile strength of the N6/45#interface is 599.8 MPa,with an average shear strength of 326.3 MPa.No separation phenomenon is observed between N6 and 45#after the bending test.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2400202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104313)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi(2024GH-YBXM-11)the Foshan Science and Technology Innovation Team Project(1920001004098).
文摘ZnO with good lithiophilicity has widely been employed to modify the lithiophobic substrates and facilitate uniform lithium(Li)deposition.The overpotential of ZnO-derived Li anode during cycling depends on the lithiophilicity of both LiZn and Li_(2)O products upon lithiation of ZnO.However,the striking differences in the lithiophilicity between Li_(2)O and LiZn would result in a high overpotential during cycling.In this research,the Al_(2)O_(3)/nZnO(n≥1)hybrid layers were precisely fabricated by atomic layer deposition(ALD)to regulate the lithiophilicity of ZnO phase and Li_(2)O/LiZn configuration—determining the actual Li loading amount and Li plating/stripping processes.Theoretically,the Li adsorption energy(E_(a))values of LiZn and Li_(2)O in the LiZn/Li_(2)O configuration are separately predicted as-2.789 and-3.447 eV.In comparison,the E_(a) values of LiZn,LiAlO_(2),and Li_(2)O in the LiZn/LiAlO_(2)/Li_(2)O configuration upon lithiation of Al_(2)O_(3)/8ZnO layer are calculated as-2.899,-3.089,and-3.208 eV,respectively.Importantly,a novel introduction of LiAlO_(2)into the LiZn/Li_(2)O configuration could enable the hierarchical Li plating/stripping and reduce the overpotentials during cycling.Consequently,the Al_(2)O_(3)/8ZnO-derived hybrid Li-metal anode could exhibit electrochemical performances superior to these of ZnO-derived Li anode in both symmetrical and full cells paired with a LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)(NCM622)cathode.
文摘Stripping injection overcomes the limitations of Liouville's theorem and is widely used for beam injection and accumulation in high-intensity synchrotrons.The interaction between the stripping foil and beam is crucial in the study of stripping injection,particularly in low-energy stripping injection synchrotrons,such as the XiPAF synchrotron.The foil thickness is the main parameter that affects the properties of the beam after injection.The thin stripping foil is reinforced with collodion during its installation.However,the collodion on the foil surface makes it difficult to determine its equivalent thickness,because the mechanical measurements are not sufficiently reliable or convenient for continuously determining foil thickness.We propose an online stripping foil thickness measurement method based on the ionization energy loss effect,which is suitable for any foil thickness and does not require additional equipment.Experimental studies were conducted using the XiPAF synchrotron.The limitation of this method was examined,and the results were verified by comparing the experimentally obtained beam current accumulation curves with the simulation results.This confirms the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method for measuring the stripping foil thickness.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFC1908702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52131002)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.22dz1209200)China Three Gorges Corporation(No.202403018).
文摘High ammonia-nitrogen digestate has become a key bottleneck limiting the anaerobic digestion of organic solid waste.Vacuum ammonia stripping can simultaneously remove and recover ammonia nitrogen,which has attracted a lot of attention in recent years.To investigate the parameter effects on the efficiency and mass transfer,five combination conditions(53℃ 15 kPa,60°C 20 kPa,65°C 25 kPa,72°C 35 kPa,and 81°C 50 kPa)were conducted for ammonia stripping of sludge digestate.The results showed that 80%of ammonia nitrogen was stripped in 45 min for all experimental groups,but the ammonia transfer coefficient varied under different conditions,which increased with the rising of boiling point temperature,and reached the maximum value(39.0 mm/hr)at 81°C 50 kPa.The ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was more than 80%for 30 min vacuum stripping after adjusting the initial pH to above 9.5,and adjustment of the initial alkalinity also affects the pH value of liquid digestate.It was found that pH and alkalinity are the key factors influencing the ammonia nitrogen dissociation and removal efficiency,while temperature and vacuum mainly affect the ammonia nitrogen mass transfer and removal velocity.In terms of the mechanism of vacuum ammonia stripping,it underwent alkalinity destruction,pH enhancement,ammonia nitrogen dissociation,and free ammonia removal.In this study,two-stage experiments of alkalinity destruction and ammonia removal were also carried out,which showed that the two-stage configuration was beneficial for ammonia removal.It provides a theoretical basis and practical technology for the vacuum ammonia stripping from liquid digestate of organic solid waste.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(RS-202400422387)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)(RS-2024-00404414)support by The Ministry of Science and ICT in Korea via KBSI(Grant No.C524100).
文摘The lithium(Li)metal anode is regarded as the upcoming generation of battery anodes due to its high theoretical capacity(3860 mAh g^(-1))and low standard reduction potential(-3.04 vs SHE).Addressing challenges related to the formation of Li metal dendrites,such as short circuits and low Coulombic efficiency,is crucial for the practical implementation of Li metal anodes.Previous research on Li metal has primarily focus on the Li plating process for achieving homogeneous growth.However,our study highlights the significance of pit formation variations,which significantly influence Li growth behavior in subsequent cycles.Expanding on this understanding,we formulated electrochemical activation conditions to promote uniform pit formation,thereby doubling the cycle life in a symmetric cell,and increasing the capacity retention of NCM622||Li full-cell from 68.7%to 79.5%after 500 cycles.
基金This work is financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M672268)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.5190070667,51807180,and 52002358).
文摘A stable lithium-metal anode is critical for high performance lithium-metal batteries. However, heterogeneous Li plating/stripping may induce lithium dendrites formation on bare lithium-metal anode, which lowers the cell Coulombic efficiency and weakens battery safety. We found that bare Li metal surface becomes bumpy and cratered with numerous pits formation during Li stripping. These pits enhance electric field distortion and heterogeneous ion distribution during plating. Li plating preferentially happens on the edge of the pits, intensifying the voltage variation and Li dendrites growth, which leads to the cell rapid death or separator piercing. Herein, we propose a facile and mass-producible method to homogenize Li plating/stripping via adding lithiophilic particles into Li metal. Zinc particles were uniformly pressed in Li metal by a facile and scalable physical strategy of “rolling”, and transformed into LiZn alloy in situ through Li-Zn alloying at room temperature in a few minutes. The critical role of modified LiZn/Li composite anode in stabilizing electrode surface was revealed by both electrochemical test and simulation. Compared with bare Li anode, the evenly dispersed LiZn alloy particles in Li metal can effectively regulate the Li plating/stripping on electrode surface, reducing deepness of pits during stripping and directionally inducing Li plating to maintain electrode surface stability. On this basis, the pits depth of LiZn/Li composite during Li stripping is reduced to ∼ 15 μm, which is much shallower than that of bare Li metal of ∼ 40 μm. The LiZn/Li composite electrode can stably cycle for 600 h under Li plating/stripping capacity of 1 mAh·cm−2 and current density of 1 mA·cm−2 without any short circuit. Furthermore, assembled LiZn/Li||LiFePO4 full cell presents better cycling stability and rate performances than that of based on bare Li anode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42003059)State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization(2021-CMCU-KF009)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023YJRC003)。
文摘Refinery sour water primarily originates from the tops of towers in various units and coker condensate,and cannot be discharged directly to a wastewater treatment plant due to high levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD)and organic sulfur contents.Even after the recovery of H_(2)S from the sour water by the stripping process,the effluent still contains a high concentration of dissolved organic sulfur(DOS),which can have a huge bad influence.While chemical composition of dissolved organic matter(DOM)in refinery wastewater has been extensively studied,the investigation of recalcitrant DOS from sour waters remains unclear.In the present study,chemical composition of sour water DOMs(especially DOS)was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy(excitation-emission matrix,EEM)and mass spectrometry,including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and high-resolution Orbitrap MS.The GC-MS and EEM results showed that volatile and low-aromaticity compounds were effectively removed during the stripping process,while compounds with high hydrophilicity and humification degree were found to be more recalcitrant.The Orbitrap MS results showed that weak-polar oxygenated sulfur compounds were easier to be removed than oxygenated compounds.However,the effluent still contained significant amounts of sulfur-containing compounds with multiple sulfur atoms,particularly in the form of highly unsaturated and aromatic compounds.The Orbitrap MS/MS results of CHOS-containing compounds from the effluent indicate that the sulfur atoms may exist as sulfonates,disulfide bonds,thioethers.Understanding the composition and structure of sour water DOS is crucial for the development of effective treatment processes that can target polysulfide compounds and minimize their impact on the environment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52305405)the Natural Science Foundation Research Program of Shanxi Province (Grant No.202203021222121)+4 种基金the Major Project of Science and Technology of Shanxi Province (Grant No.20181102016)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2021M702544)the Central Government Guides the Special Fund Projects of Local Scientific and Technological Development (YDZX20191400002149)the Open Project of Research Institute of Hai'an-Taiyuan University of Technology (Grant No.2023HA-TYUTKFYF008)the School Fund of Taiyuan University of Technology (Grant No.2022QN007).
文摘To overcome the inaccuracy problem of the traditional wedge evaluation of steel plates and strips caused by the ran-domness of the thicknesses of two local points and improve the reliability of the wedge index,the double-centroid method for the wedge evaluation was proposed,and a model based on the centroid theory was established.Meanwhile,an integral model for the discrete thickness values of the cross-section profiles was derived.The discussion focused on the distinct characteristics of the two-point method,asymmetric method,and double-centroid method in evaluating the asymmetric distribution of cross-sections.The three methods were employed to evaluate the wedge values of both the theoretical and measured cross-sections of steel plates and strips,and the accuracies of three wedge evaluation models were analyzed and discussed.The results showed that the double-centroid method objectively reflects the degree and variation characteristics of the wedge values of the cross-sections of steel plates and strips,and this method is feasible,reliable,and outstanding.
基金supported by the National MCF Energy R&D Program of China(MOST 2018YFE0310200)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11705242,11805138,12175156)in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.YJ201820,YJ201954)in China.
文摘Stripping units take a key role in the neutral particle analyzer(NPA).A renovated gas-stripping unit was constructed for the newly designed E//B NPA.Using H_(2)as the working gas,we measured the gas inlet pressure(P_(0))and vacuum chamber pressure(P_(3)).The pressure distribution inside the gas-stripping room was calculated with Ansys Fluent,using the measured P_(0)and P_(3)as boundary conditions.The stripping efficiency of the stripping unit was then simulated utilizing the Geant4 Monte Carlo code for the H and D particles.The pressure P_(0)=40 Pa,which is one-sixth of what found in the previous design and corresponds to a thickness of 1.27×10^(17)atoms∕cm^(2),was obtained as the optimum working pressure for the upgraded stripping unit.An 50 kV electron cyclotron resonance(ECR)ion source platform was designed and constructed for E//B NPA calibration,and its performance has been measured.Using the ECR ion source platform,we measured the efficiency of the stripping unit through an inverse experiment with proton beams.We compared the current ratios of measurements with and without H_(2)gas to Geant4 simulation results.We found adequate agreement between the overall trends of the experiment and the simulation.The significant deviation for incident energies below 20 keV may result from the scattering effects of low-energy protons,leading to reduced accuracy in single-scattering physics in Geant4 simulations.Applying the scattering corrections observed in the reverse experiments obtains more accurate stripping efficiencies for H and D atoms in the energy range of 20–200 keV and the global efficiency with the maximum values of 95.0%for H atoms and 78.9%for D atoms at 200 keV.
基金Key R&D Plan of Shaanxi Province(2021LLRH-05-09)Shaanxi Province Youth Talent Support Program Project(CLGC202234)Sponsored by Innovative Pilot Platform for Layered Metal Composite Materials(2024CX-GXPT-20)。
文摘Zirconium-titanium-steel composite plate with the size of 2500 mm×7800 mm×(3+0.7+22)mm was prepared by explosive welding+rolling method,and its properties were analyzed by ultrasonic nondestructive testing,phased array waveform shape,interface structure shape,electronic scanning,and mechanical property testing.Results show that the rolling temperature of zirconiumtitanium complex should be controlled at 760°C,and the rolling reduction of each pass should be controlled at 10%–25%.The explosive velocity to prepare zirconium-titanium-steel composite plates should be controlled at 2450–2500 m/s,the density should be 0.78 g/cm3,the stand-off height should be 12 mm,and the explosive height of Zone A and Zone B should be 45–50 mm.Explosive welding combined with rolling method reduces the impact of explosive welding and multiple heat treatment on material properties.Meanwhile,the problems of surface wrinkling and cracking,which occur during the preparation process of large-sized zirconiumtitanium-steel composite plate,can be solved.
基金supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB4002100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271136)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2019TD-020 and 2021JC-06).
文摘Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEMWE)is one of the most promising strategies to pro-duce green hydrogen energy,and it is crucial to exploit highly conductive and good corrosion-resistant coatings on bipolar plates(BPs),one of the core components in PEMWE cells.In this work,NbN coatings are deposited on Ti BPs by magnetron sputtering to improve the corrosion resistance and conductivity,for which the critical process parameters,such as the working pressure,partial nitrogen pressure and de-position temperature are well optimized.It is found that the compact microstructure,highly conductive δ-NbN and uniform nanoparticles play a dominant role in the synergistic improvement of the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of NbN coatings.The optimized NbN coatings exhibit excellent cor-rosion resistance with the low corrosion current density of 1.1×10^(-8) A cm^(-2),a high potential value of-0.005 V vs.SCE and a low ICR value of 15.8 mΩcm2@1.5 MPa.Accordingly,NbN coatings can be a promising candidate for the development of the low-cost and high-anti-corrosion Ti BPs of PEMWE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1904216).
文摘The uncontrollable Li electrostripping and plating process that results in dendritic Li growth and huge volume change of Li anode limits the practicality of Li metal batteries(LMBs).To simultaneously address these issues,designing three-dimensional(3D),lithiophilic and mechanically robust electrodes seems to be one of the cost-effective strategies.Herein,a new 3D Li-B-C-Al alloy anode is designed and fabricated.The prepared 3D alloy anode exhibits not only superior lithiophilicity that facilitates uniform Li nucleation and growth but also sufficient mechanical stability that maintains its structural integrity.Superior performance of the prepared 3D alloy is demonstrated through comprehensive electrochemical tests.In addition,non-destructive and 3D synchrotron X-ray computed tomography(SX-CT)technique is employed to investigate the underlying working mechanisms of the prepared alloy anode.A unique twofold Li electrostripping and plating mechanism under different electrochemical cycling conditions is revealed.Lastly,improved performance of the full cells built with the 3D alloy anode and LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathode corroborate its potential application capability.Overall,the current work not only showcases the superiority of the 3D alloy as potential anode material for LMBs but also provides fundamental insights into its underlying working mechanisms that may further propel its research and development.
基金Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Explosive Energy Utilization and Control,Anhui Province(BP20240104)Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology(2024WLJCRCZL049)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_2701)。
文摘Because of the challenge of compounding lightweight,high-strength Ti/Al alloys due to their considerable disparity in properties,Al 6063 as intermediate layer was proposed to fabricate TC4/Al 6063/Al 7075 three-layer composite plate by explosive welding.The microscopic properties of each bonding interface were elucidated through field emission scanning electron microscope and electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD).A methodology combining finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)and molecular dynamics(MD)was proposed for the analysis of the forming and evolution characteristics of explosive welding interfaces at multi-scale.The results demonstrate that the bonding interface morphologies of TC4/Al 6063 and Al 6063/Al 7075 exhibit a flat and wavy configuration,without discernible defects or cracks.The phenomenon of grain refinement is observed in the vicinity of the two bonding interfaces.Furthermore,the degree of plastic deformation of TC4 and Al 7075 is more pronounced than that of Al 6063 in the intermediate layer.The interface morphology characteristics obtained by FEM-SPH simulation exhibit a high degree of similarity to the experimental results.MD simulations reveal that the diffusion of interfacial elements predominantly occurs during the unloading phase,and the simulated thickness of interfacial diffusion aligns well with experimental outcomes.The introduction of intermediate layer in the explosive welding process can effectively produce high-quality titanium/aluminum alloy composite plates.Furthermore,this approach offers a multi-scale simulation strategy for the study of explosive welding bonding interfaces.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2023YFB3710204)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(Grant No.AA23023028-1)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.JQ2022E007)Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science and Technology Plan(Grant No.2023AA003).
文摘Accurate crown control is paramount for ensuring the quality of hot-rolled strip products.Given the multitude of influencing parameters and the intricate coupling and genetic relationships among them,the conventional crown control method is no longer sufficient to meet the precision requirements of schedule-free rolling.To address this limitation,an optimization framework for hot-rolled strip crown control was developed based on model-driven digital twin(MDDT).This framework enhances the strip crown control precision by facilitating collaborative operations among physical entities,virtual models,and functional application layers.In virtual modeling,a data-driven approach that integrates the extreme gradient boosting and the improved Harris hawk optimization algorithm was firstly proposed to fit the relationship between key process parameters and strip crown,and a global-local collaborative training strategy was proposed to enhance the model adaptability to diverse working conditions.Subsequently,the influence of crucial process factors on the virtual model was examined through model responses.Furthermore,a novel optimization mode for crown control based on MDDT was established by aligning and reconstructing both the physical and virtual models,thereby enhancing the crown control precision.Finally,data trials were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.The results indicated that the proposed method exhibited satisfactory performance and could be effectively utilized to improve the crown control precision.
文摘For the first time,the linear and nonlinear vibrations of composite rectangular sandwich plates with various geometric patterns of lattice core have been analytically examined in this work.The plate comprises a lattice core located in the middle and several homogeneous orthotropic layers that are symmetrical relative to it.For this purpose,the partial differential equations of motion have been derived based on the first-order shear deformation theory,employing Hamilton’s principle and Von Kármán’s nonlinear displacement-strain relations.Then,the nonlinear partial differential equations of the plate are converted into a time-dependent nonlinear ordinary differential equation(Duffing equation)by applying the Galerkin method.From the solution of this equation,the natural frequencies are extracted.Then,to calculate the non-linear frequencies of the plate,the non-linear equation of the plate has been solved analytically using the method of multiple scales.Finally,the effect of some critical parameters of the system,such as the thickness,height,and different angles of the stiffeners on the linear and nonlinear frequencies,has been analyzed in detail.To confirmthe solution method,the results of this research have been compared with the reported results in the literature and finite elements in ABAQUS,and a perfect match is observed.The results reveal that the geometry and configuration of core ribs strongly affect the natural frequencies of the plate.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22402115,22472094)Shaanxi Special Fund for Talent Introduction(100090/1204071055).
文摘In the process of electroless cobalt plating,the saccharin additive can significantly change the surface morphology,texture orientation,and conductivity of the cobalt coating layer.When the amount of saccharin was 3 mg·L^(-1),the cobalt coating transformed from disordered large grains to a honeycomb structure,with a preferred orientation of(002)facet on hexago-nal close-packed(HCP)cobalt crystals.The resistivity of the cobalt film decreased to 14.4μΩ·cm,and further decreased to 10.7μΩ·cm after the annealing treatment.When the concentration of saccharin was increased,the grain size was gradually refined and a“stone forest”structure was observed,with the preferred orientation remaining unchanged.The addition of saccharin also slightly improves the purity of cobalt coating to a certain extent.Through the study of the crystallization behavior of cobalt electroless plating,saccharin molecules can adsorb to specific c-sites on the cobalt dense crystal plane,inhibiting the growth of abc stacking arrangement and inducing the crystal growth in ab stacking mode,thereby achieving optimal growth of HCP(002)texture.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos:42130801,41430211,90814006,and 42072226)the“Deep-time Digital Earth”Science and Technology Leading Talents Team Funds for the Central Universities for the Frontiers Science Center for Deep-time Digital Earth,CUGB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesGrant No:2652023001).
文摘How the subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate changes in the Early Cretaceous remains highly controversial due to the disappearance of the subducted oceanic plate.Intraplate deformation structures in the east Asian continent,however,provide excellent opportunities for reconstructing paleostress fields in continental interior in relation to the Paleo-Pacific/Eurasian plate interaction.Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility(AMS),geological,and geochronological analyses of post-kinematic mafic dykes intruding the detachment fault zone of the Wulian metamorphic core complex(WL MCC)in Jiaodong Peninsula exemplify emplacement of mantle-sourced dykes in a WNW-ESE(301°-121°)oriented tectonic extensional setting at ca.120 Ma.In combination with the results from our previous kinematic analysis of the MCC,a ca.21°clockwise change in the direction of intraplate extension is obtained for early(135-122 Ma)extensional exhumation of the MCC to late(122-108 Ma)emplacement of the dykes.Such a change is suggested to be related to the variation in subduction direction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian plate,from westward(pre-122 Ma)to west-northwestward(post-122 Ma).
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4002100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271136)Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(2021JC-06)。
文摘TaN coatings were deposited on Ti bipolar plates by magnetron sputtering to improve corrosion resistance and service life.The influence of N_(2) flow rate on the surface morphology,hydrophobicity,crystallinity,corrosion resistance,and interfacial contact resistance of TaN coatings was studied.Results show that as the N_(2) flow rate increases,the roughness of TaN coatings decreases firstly and then increases,and the hydrophobicity increases firstly and then decreases.At the N_(2) flow rate of 3 mL/min,TaN coating with larger grain size presents lower roughness and high hydrophobicity.The coating possesses the lowest corrosion current density of 2.82µA·cm^(−2) and the highest corrosion potential of−0.184 V vs.SCE in the simulated proton exchange membrane water electrolyser environment.After a potentiostatic polarization test for 10 h,a few corrosion pits are observed on the TaN coatings deposited at an N_(2) flow rate of 3 mL/min.After 75 h of electrolytic water performance testing,the TaN coating on bipolar plate improves the corrosion resistance and thus enhances the electrolysis efficiency(68.87%),greatly reducing the cost of bipolar plates.
文摘A theoretical analysis on the perforation of Weldox 460E steel plates struck by flat-nosed projectiles is presented using a previously developed model within a unified framework.This model contains a dimensionless empirical equation to describe the variation of energy absorbed through global deformation as a function of impact velocity.The study further investigates the energy absorption mechanisms of Weldox 460E steel plates,with particular focus on the“plateau”phenomenon,i.e.,limited increase in ballistic limit with increasing plate thickness.This phenomenon is explained and compared with results from previously studied 2024-T351 aluminium plates.The model predictions agree well with experimental data for Weldox 460E steel plates impacted by flat-nosed projectiles,including:relationship between global deformation and impact velocity,ballistic limit,residual velocity,and critical conditions for the transition of failure modes.Moreover,the model effectively predicts the“plateau”phenomenon observed in intermediate plate thickness range.It is also found that the indentation absorption energy contributes a significantly larger fraction of the total absorption energy in Weldox 460E steel plates perforated by flat-nosed projectiles than in 2024-T351 aluminium plates,due to the differences in material properties.
文摘Background and Objectives: The distal radius fracture (DRF) is a major public health problem in northern countries. Its frequency is constantly increasing. The locked anterior plate with its well-established biomechanical properties, offers a reliable alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological, the functional results and to determine the factors of poor postoperative prognosis of DRF treated with Newclip radial plates®. Methodology: This prospective cohort study evaluates the radiological and functional outcames of displaced radius fractures (DRFs) in patients ≥50 years old treated with Newclip® (locked anterior plates) at the Basse-Terre Hospital in Guadeloupe from 2022 to 2024. The patients were categorized into those with epiphyseal involvement (E1 - E4) and without epiphyseal involvement (E0) based on Laulan’s MEU classification. Radiological parameters (distal radio-ulnar index (DRUI), radial inclination frant view (IRF), radial inclination sagittal view (IRS) were assessed pre and post-operatively. Functional recovery was evaluated at 12 months using the QuickDash questionnaire. Results: Falls were the most common cause of fracture. Post-operatively, SRI was the least restored parameter. Poor prognostic factor for SRI improvement included posterior commimution and unstable fractures. Factors associated with higher QuickDash scores included unstable factures, unrestored DRUI, low plate position, metaphyseal features, and ulnar features. Conclusion: The anterior locking plate osteosynthesis is reliable treatment option with excellent functional outcomes.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202203021221149)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(202302010101006,202202150401016)+1 种基金Scientific Research Start-up Fund for the Introduction of Talents in Shanxi Institute of Electronic Science and Technology(2023RKJ021)Key R&D Program of Linfen City(2334)。
文摘High-performance pure nickel N6/steel 45#composite plate(N6/45#)was prepared using explosive welding technique.The microstructure of the interface and nearby regions was characterized and analyzed by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,electron backscatter diffraction,and mechanical property testing,and the microstructural features and mechanical properties of the explosive welding interface were explored.The results show that along the direction of explosive welding,the pure nickel N6/steel 45#composite plate interface gradually evolves from a flat bond to a typical wavy bond.The grains at the crests and troughs exhibit high heterogeneity,and the closer to the interface,the finer the grains.Recrystallization and low-stress deformation bands are formed at the bonding interface.Nanoindentation tests reveal that plastic deformation occurs in the interfacial bonding zone,and the nanohardness values in the crest regions are higher than that in the trough regions.The tensile strength of the N6/45#interface is 599.8 MPa,with an average shear strength of 326.3 MPa.No separation phenomenon is observed between N6 and 45#after the bending test.
