Background:Probiosis is considered a potential strategy to reduce antibiotics use and prevent postweaning diarrhea(PWD).This study investigated the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM25840 or Bacillus subtilis DS...Background:Probiosis is considered a potential strategy to reduce antibiotics use and prevent postweaning diarrhea(PWD).This study investigated the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM25840 or Bacillus subtilis DSM25841 supplementation on growth,health,immunity,intestinal functionality and microbial profile of post-weaning pigs after enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)F4 challenge.Methods:Sixty-four post-weaning piglets(7748 g±643 g)were randomly al ocated to four groups:control basal diet(CO);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g of B.amyloliquefaciens(BAA);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g feed of B.subtilis(BAS);CO+1 g colistin/kg of feed(AB).At day(d)7,animals were chal enged with 10~5 CFU/m L of ETEC F4 ac O149 and then fol owed for fecal score and performance until d 21.Blood was col ected at d 6,d 12 and d 21 for immunoglobulins,at d 8 for acute phase proteins,at d 8 and d 21 for metabolomics analysis.Jejunum was sampled for morphometry,quantification of apoptosis,cel proliferation,neutral and acid mucine and Ig A secretory cel s,and microarray analysis at d 21.Jejunum and cecum contents were col ected for microbiota at d 21.Results:AB and BAS reduced the fecal score impairment compared to CO(P<0.05)at d 14.Body weight(BW),average daily weight gain(ADWG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and gain to feed ratio(G:F)did not differ between Bacil us groups and CO.AB improved BW at d 7,d 14 and d 21,ADWG ADFI and G:F from d 0 to d 7(P<0.05).At d 8,CO had higher plasma arginine,lysine,ornithine,glycine,serine and threonine than other groups,and higher haptoglobin than AB(P<0.05).At d 21,CO had lower blood glycine,glutamine and Ig A than BAS.Morphology,cel s apoptosis and mucins did not differ.BAS and AB increased the vil us mitotic index.Transcriptome profile of BAS and AB were more similar than CO.Gene sets related to adaptive immune response were enriched in BAA,BAS and AB.CO had enriched gene set for nuclear structure and RNA processing.CO had a trend of higher Enterobacteriaceae in cecum than the other groups(P=0.06).Conclusion:Bacil us subtilis DSM25841 treatment may reduce ETEC F4ac infection in weaned piglets,decreasing diarrhea and influencing mucosal transcriptomic profile.展开更多
Plastid biogenesis and the coordination of plastid and nuclear genome expression through anterograde and retrograde signaling are essential for plant development.GENOMES UNCOUPLED1(GUN1)plays a central role in retrogr...Plastid biogenesis and the coordination of plastid and nuclear genome expression through anterograde and retrograde signaling are essential for plant development.GENOMES UNCOUPLED1(GUN1)plays a central role in retrograde signaling during early plant development.The putative function of GUN1 has been extensively studied,but its molecular function remains controversial.Here,we evaluate published transcriptome data and generate our own data from gun1 mutants grown under signaling-relevant condi-tions to show that editing and splicing are not relevant for GUN1-dependent retrograde signaling.Our study of the plastid(post)transcriptome of gun1 seedlings with white and pale cotyledons demonstrates that GUN1 deficiency significantly alters the entire plastid transcriptome.By combining this result with a penta-tricopeptide repeat code-based prediction and experimental validation by RNA immunoprecipitation ex-periments,we identified several putative targets of GUN1,including tRNAs and RNAs derived from ycf1.2,rpoC1,and rpoC2 and the ndhH–ndhA–ndhI–ndhG–ndhE–psaC–ndhD gene cluster.The absence of plastid rRNAs and the significant reduction of almost all plastid transcripts in white gun1 mutants ac-count for the cotyledon phenotype.Our study provides evidence for RNA binding and maturation as the long-sought molecular function of GUN1 and resolves long-standing controversies.We anticipate that ourfindings will serve as a basis for subsequent studies on mechanisms of plastid gene expression and will help to elucidate the function of GUN1 in retrograde signaling.展开更多
基金partly financially supported by Chr.Hansen A/S(Denmark).
文摘Background:Probiosis is considered a potential strategy to reduce antibiotics use and prevent postweaning diarrhea(PWD).This study investigated the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DSM25840 or Bacillus subtilis DSM25841 supplementation on growth,health,immunity,intestinal functionality and microbial profile of post-weaning pigs after enterotoxigenic E.coli(ETEC)F4 challenge.Methods:Sixty-four post-weaning piglets(7748 g±643 g)were randomly al ocated to four groups:control basal diet(CO);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g of B.amyloliquefaciens(BAA);CO+1.28×10~6 CFU/g feed of B.subtilis(BAS);CO+1 g colistin/kg of feed(AB).At day(d)7,animals were chal enged with 10~5 CFU/m L of ETEC F4 ac O149 and then fol owed for fecal score and performance until d 21.Blood was col ected at d 6,d 12 and d 21 for immunoglobulins,at d 8 for acute phase proteins,at d 8 and d 21 for metabolomics analysis.Jejunum was sampled for morphometry,quantification of apoptosis,cel proliferation,neutral and acid mucine and Ig A secretory cel s,and microarray analysis at d 21.Jejunum and cecum contents were col ected for microbiota at d 21.Results:AB and BAS reduced the fecal score impairment compared to CO(P<0.05)at d 14.Body weight(BW),average daily weight gain(ADWG),average daily feed intake(ADFI)and gain to feed ratio(G:F)did not differ between Bacil us groups and CO.AB improved BW at d 7,d 14 and d 21,ADWG ADFI and G:F from d 0 to d 7(P<0.05).At d 8,CO had higher plasma arginine,lysine,ornithine,glycine,serine and threonine than other groups,and higher haptoglobin than AB(P<0.05).At d 21,CO had lower blood glycine,glutamine and Ig A than BAS.Morphology,cel s apoptosis and mucins did not differ.BAS and AB increased the vil us mitotic index.Transcriptome profile of BAS and AB were more similar than CO.Gene sets related to adaptive immune response were enriched in BAA,BAS and AB.CO had enriched gene set for nuclear structure and RNA processing.CO had a trend of higher Enterobacteriaceae in cecum than the other groups(P=0.06).Conclusion:Bacil us subtilis DSM25841 treatment may reduce ETEC F4ac infection in weaned piglets,decreasing diarrhea and influencing mucosal transcriptomic profile.
基金Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to C.S.-L.,D.L.,and T.K.(TRR175,projects A02,C01,and C05)Research in the Hua laboratory was supported by a US NSF CAREER award(MCB-1750361).
文摘Plastid biogenesis and the coordination of plastid and nuclear genome expression through anterograde and retrograde signaling are essential for plant development.GENOMES UNCOUPLED1(GUN1)plays a central role in retrograde signaling during early plant development.The putative function of GUN1 has been extensively studied,but its molecular function remains controversial.Here,we evaluate published transcriptome data and generate our own data from gun1 mutants grown under signaling-relevant condi-tions to show that editing and splicing are not relevant for GUN1-dependent retrograde signaling.Our study of the plastid(post)transcriptome of gun1 seedlings with white and pale cotyledons demonstrates that GUN1 deficiency significantly alters the entire plastid transcriptome.By combining this result with a penta-tricopeptide repeat code-based prediction and experimental validation by RNA immunoprecipitation ex-periments,we identified several putative targets of GUN1,including tRNAs and RNAs derived from ycf1.2,rpoC1,and rpoC2 and the ndhH–ndhA–ndhI–ndhG–ndhE–psaC–ndhD gene cluster.The absence of plastid rRNAs and the significant reduction of almost all plastid transcripts in white gun1 mutants ac-count for the cotyledon phenotype.Our study provides evidence for RNA binding and maturation as the long-sought molecular function of GUN1 and resolves long-standing controversies.We anticipate that ourfindings will serve as a basis for subsequent studies on mechanisms of plastid gene expression and will help to elucidate the function of GUN1 in retrograde signaling.
