Hospital wastewater contains complex pollutants,including residual organic dyes and antibiotic-resistant pathogens,posing severe risks to ecosystems and human health.Conventional adsorbents,constrained by monopolar fu...Hospital wastewater contains complex pollutants,including residual organic dyes and antibiotic-resistant pathogens,posing severe risks to ecosystems and human health.Conventional adsorbents,constrained by monopolar functional groups and limited surface sites,fail to remove both pollutants simultaneously.Here,we report an intelligent responsive polyurethane microsphere adsorbent doped with diallyl dimethylammonium chloride modified carbon nanotubes,termed as PUCD microspheres.The PUCD integrates bipolar adsorption sites,tunable micrometer-scale pores,and a near-infrared(NIR)-triggered in situ capture mechanism within a single platform,which achieves up to 98.3%dye removal,maintains strong adsorption performance across a wide pH range and retains 83.3%efficiency for rhodamine B after five cycles.Notably,the PUCD employs a temperature-responsive phase transition:under NIR irradiation,the microspheres undergo shrinkage,reducing the pore size to generate a‘polymer trap',enabling in situ capture of bacteria with>99%efficiencies for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.By immobilizing live bacteria,the PUCD microspheres substantially reduces the risk of pathogen desorption and toxin release.This promising platform offers a safe,efficient,and single-stage strategy for hospital wastewater purification,enabling the simultaneous elimination of dyes and pathogenic bacteria.展开更多
Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work d...Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO_(2)adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO_(2)adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.展开更多
In this study,non-thermal plasma(NTP)was employed to modify the Cu/TiO_(2)adsorbent to efficiently purify H_(2)S in low-temperature and micro-oxygen environments.The effects of Cu loading amounts and atmospheres of NT...In this study,non-thermal plasma(NTP)was employed to modify the Cu/TiO_(2)adsorbent to efficiently purify H_(2)S in low-temperature and micro-oxygen environments.The effects of Cu loading amounts and atmospheres of NTP treatment on the adsorption-oxidation performance of the adsorbents were investigated.The NTP modification successfully boosted the H_(2)S removal capacity to varying degrees,and the optimized adsorbent treated by air plasma(Cu/TiO_(2)-Air)attained the best H_(2)S breakthrough capacity of 113.29 mg H_(2)S/gadsorbent,which was almost 5 times higher than that of the adsorbent without NTP modification.Further studies demonstrated that the superior performance of Cu/TiO_(2)-Air was attributed to increased mesoporous volume,more exposure of active sites(CuO)and functional groups(amino groups and hydroxyl groups),enhanced Ti-O-Cu interaction,and the favorable ratio of active oxygen species.Additionally,the X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results indicated the main reason for the deactivationwas the consumption of the active components(CuO)and the agglomeration of reaction products(CuS and SO_(4)^(2−))occupying the active sites on the surface and the inner pores of the adsorbents.展开更多
A cascaded system of electrical discharges (non-thermal plasma) andadsorption process was investigated for the removal of oxides of Nitrogen (NO_x) and totalhydrocarbons (THC) from an actual diesel engine exhaust. The...A cascaded system of electrical discharges (non-thermal plasma) andadsorption process was investigated for the removal of oxides of Nitrogen (NO_x) and totalhydrocarbons (THC) from an actual diesel engine exhaust. The non-thermal plasma and adsorptionprocesses were separately studied first and then the cascaded process was studied. In this study,different types of adsorbents were used. The NO_x removal efficiency was higher withplasma-associated adsorption (cascaded) process compared to the individual processes and the removalefficiency was found almost invariant in time. When associated by plasma, among the adsorbentsstudied, activated charcoal and MS-13X were more effective for NO_x and THC removal respectively.The experiments were conducted at no load and at 50 % load conditions. The plasma reactor was keptat room temperature throughout the experiment, while the temperature of the adsorbent reactor wasvaried. A relative comparison of adsorbents was discussed at the end.展开更多
Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent material...Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent materials were successfully synthesized by loading TEPA onto the pore MgO/ZrO_(2)carriers in the paper.The pore structure and surface characteristic of the samples were analyzed by using XRD,BET,FT-IR and SEM.The adsorbent materials exhibited microcrystalline state,and the crystallinity of all samples gradually decreased as the increase of TEPA content.The pore structure analysis indicated that the modification of MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents with TEPA led to the decrease of the specific surface areas,but the narrow micro-mesopore size distributions ranging from 1.8-12 nm in the adsorbents still were maintained.FT-IR spectrum results further verified the successful loading of TEPA.The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents for CO_(2)were tested by using an adsorption apparatus equipped with gas chromatography.The results indicated that when the TEPA loading reached 50%,the sample exhibited the maximum adsorption value for CO_(2),reaching 4.07 mmol/g under the operation condition of 75℃and atmospheric pressure.This result could be assigned to not only the base active sites but also the coexistence of both micropore and mesopore in the adsorbent.After three cycles tests for CO_(2)capture,the adsorption value of the sample for CO_(2)can also reached 95%of its original adsorption capacity,which verified the excellent cyclic operation stability.展开更多
An analysis has been made on the discharge plasma coupled with an adsorbent system for NOx removal. The cascaded plasma-adsorbent system may be perceived as a better alternative for the existing adsorbent-based abatem...An analysis has been made on the discharge plasma coupled with an adsorbent system for NOx removal. The cascaded plasma-adsorbent system may be perceived as a better alternative for the existing adsorbent-based abatement system in the industry. In this study the exhaust is sourced from a diesel generator set. It was observed that better NO removal in a plasma reactor can be made possible by achieving higher average fields and subsequent NO2 removal can be improved using an adsorbent system connected in cascade with the plasma system. The paper describes various findings pertaining to these comparative analyses.展开更多
Conventional powder/pellet-based systems used for mitigating the environmental challenges posed by CO_(2)emissions present inefficiencies in mass/heat transfer,pressure drop,and clogging.Monolithic adsorption material...Conventional powder/pellet-based systems used for mitigating the environmental challenges posed by CO_(2)emissions present inefficiencies in mass/heat transfer,pressure drop,and clogging.Monolithic adsorption materials have emerged as a promising alternative to such systems.Additive manufacturing(AM)enables precise structural optimization and active component control in monolithic adsorbents,enhancing the adsorption kinetics while minimizing mechanical wear.This review examines the progress in AM-driven CO_(2)adsorbent development,covering the following aspects:(1)fabrication techniques for monolithic adsorbents and key metrics for evaluating their mechanical and adsorption properties,(2)applications of AM methods(extrusion,coating,gel spinning,and 3D printing)under fixed-source and direct-air capture scenarios,and(3)integrated systems combining CO_(2)adsorption and conversion.However,balancing adsorption performance with mechanical strength is a critical challenge.The trade-off can be addressed through advanced AM strategies such as hybrid material architectures and computational design.Future advancements will hinge on hybrid AM techniques to decouple structural and functional demands,AI/ML-driven multi-objective optimization for pore structure refinement and stress distribution,and lifecycle sustainability analytics to reduce energy use and material waste.By synergizing these approaches,next-generation monolithic adsorbents can achieve high capacity,mechanical robustness,and cost-effectiveness,positioning AM as a scalable and sustainable platform for carbon capture technologies.展开更多
This study introduced a microwave-assisted pyrolysis method for the rapid and efficientpreparation of boron-doped porous biochar. The resulting biochar exhibited a large specificsurface area (933.39 m^(2)/g), a rich p...This study introduced a microwave-assisted pyrolysis method for the rapid and efficientpreparation of boron-doped porous biochar. The resulting biochar exhibited a large specificsurface area (933.39 m^(2)/g), a rich porous structure (1.044 cm3/g), and abundant active sites.Consequently, the prepared boron-doped porous biochar exhibited higher efficiency in adsorbingtetracycline with a maximum adsorption capacity of 413.223 mg/g, which significantlyexceeded that of unmodified biochar andmost commercial and reported adsorbents.The correlation analysis between the adsorption capacity and adsorbent characteristics revealedthat the formation of the –BCO_(2) group enhanced π–π electron donor–acceptor interactionsbetween boron-doped porous biochar and tetracycline. This mechanism mainlycontributed to the enhanced adsorption of tetracycline by boron-doped porous biochar. Additionally,the as-prepared boron-doped porous biochar exhibited broad applications in removingantibiotics (tetracycline), phenolics (bisphenol A), and dyes (methylene blue andrhodamine B). Moreover, the boron-doped porous biochar exhibited satisfactory stability,and its adsorption capacity can be nearly completely regenerated through simple heat treatment.This study provides new insights into the effectiveness of boron-doped carbonaceousmaterials in removing antibiotic contaminants.展开更多
Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,...Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.展开更多
Non-thermal plasma(NTP)surface modification technology is a new method to control the surface properties of materials,which has been widely used in the field of environmental protection because of its short action tim...Non-thermal plasma(NTP)surface modification technology is a new method to control the surface properties of materials,which has been widely used in the field of environmental protection because of its short action time,simple process and no pollution.In this study,Cu/ACF(activated carbon fiber loaded with copper)adsorbent was modified with NTP to remove H_(2)S and PH_(3) simultaneously under low temperature and micro-oxygen condition.Meanwhile,the effects of different modified atmosphere(air,N_(2) and NH_(3)),specific energy input(0–13 J/mL)and modification time(0–30 min)on the removal of H_(2)S and PH_(3) were investigated.Performance test results indicated that under the same reaction conditions,the adsorbent modified by NH_(3) plasma with 5 J/mL for 10 min had the best removal effect on H_(2)S and PH_(3).CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyzes showed that NH_(3) plasma modification could introduce amino functional groups on the surface of the adsorbent,and increase the types and number of alkaline sites on the surface.Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and scanning electron microscopy showed that NH_(3) plasma modification did not significantly change the pore size structure of the adsorbent,but more active components were evenly exposed to the surface,thus improving the adsorption performance.In addition,X-ray diffraction and XPS analysis indicated that the consumption of active components(Cu and Cu_(2)O)and the accumulation of sulfate and phosphate on the surface and inner pores of the adsorbent are the main reasons for the deactivation of the adsorbent.展开更多
Although supported solid amine adsorbents have attracted great attention for CO_(2) capture,critical chemical deactivation problems including oxidative degradation and urea formation have severely restricted their pra...Although supported solid amine adsorbents have attracted great attention for CO_(2) capture,critical chemical deactivation problems including oxidative degradation and urea formation have severely restricted their practical applications for flue gas CO_(2) capture.In this work,we reveal that the nature of surface hydroxyl groups(metal hydroxyl Al–OH and nonmetal hydroxyl Si–OH)plays a key role in the deactivation mechanisms.The polyethyleneimine(PEI)supported on Al–OH-containing substrates suffers from severe oxidative degradation during the CO_(2) capture step due to the breakage of amine-support hydrogen bonding networks,but exhibits an excellent anti-urea formation feature by preventing dehydration of carbamate products under a pure CO_(2) regeneration atmosphere.In contrast,PEI supported on Si–OHcontaining substrates exhibits excellent anti-oxidative stability under simulated flue gas conditions by forming a robust hydrogen bonding protective network with Si–OH,but suffers from obvious urea formation during the pure CO_(2) regeneration step.We also reveal that the urea formation problem for PEI-SBA-15 can be avoided by the incorporation of an OH-containing PEG additive.Based on the intrinsic understanding of degradation mechanisms,we successfully synthesized an adsorbent 40PEI-20PEG-SBA-15 that demonstrates outstanding stability and retention of a high CO_(2) capacity of 2.45 mmol g^(−1) over 1000 adsorption–desorption cycles,together with negligible capacity loss during aging in simulated flue gas(10%CO_(2)+5%O_(2)+3%H_(2)O)for one month at 60–70℃.We believe this work makes great contribution to the advancement in the field of ultra-stable solid amine-based CO_(2) capture materials.展开更多
Desulfurization technology is rather difficult and urgently needed for carbon dioxide(CO_(2))utilization in industry.A new Cu(I)-based adsorbent was synthesized and examined for the capacity of removing carbonyl sulfi...Desulfurization technology is rather difficult and urgently needed for carbon dioxide(CO_(2))utilization in industry.A new Cu(I)-based adsorbent was synthesized and examined for the capacity of removing carbonyl sulfide(COS)from a CO_(2)stream in an effort to solve the competitive adsorption between CO_(2)and COS and to seek opportunity to advance adsorption capacity.A wide range of character-ization techniques were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of the synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent featuringπ-complexation and their correlations with the adsorption performance.Meanwhile,the first principal calculation software CP2K was used to develop an understanding of the adsorption mechanism,which can offer useful guidance for the adsorbent regeneration.The synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent,prepared by using copper citrate and citric acid on the ZSM-5(SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=25)carrier,outperformed other adsorbents with varying formulations and carriers in adsorption capacities.Through optimization of the preparation and adsorption conditions for various adsorbents,the breakthrough adsorption capacity(Qb)for COS was further enhanced from 2.19 mg/g to 15.36 mg/g.The formed stableπ-complex bonds between COS and Cu(I),as confirmed by density func-tional theory calculations,were verified by the significant improvement in the adsorption capacity after regeneration at 600°C.The above advantages render the novel synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent a promising candidate featuring cost-effectiveness,high efficacy and good regenerability for desulfurization from a CO_(2)stream.展开更多
The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF...The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF)argon plasma,and the temperatures were measured using a DPV-2000 monitor.A model combining the electromagnetism,thermal flow,and heat transfer characteristics of powder during in-flight heating in argon plasma was proposed.The melting processes of CeO_(2)powders of different diameters,with and without thermal resistance effect,were investigated.Results show that the heating process of CeO_(2)powder particles consists of three main stages,one of which is relevant to a dimensionless parameter known as the Biot number.When the Biot value≥0.1,thermal resistance increases significantly,especially for the larger powders.The predicted temperature of the particles at the outlet(1800–2880 K)is in good agreement with the experimental result.展开更多
在等离子-脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护复合焊(plasma-pluse metal inter gas welding,Plasma-PMIG)中,异极性电弧间的强烈电磁排斥力严重削弱了等离子弧的挺度与深熔特性.鉴于传统恒定磁场难以适配PMIG脉冲电流剧烈波动引起的排斥力动态变化...在等离子-脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护复合焊(plasma-pluse metal inter gas welding,Plasma-PMIG)中,异极性电弧间的强烈电磁排斥力严重削弱了等离子弧的挺度与深熔特性.鉴于传统恒定磁场难以适配PMIG脉冲电流剧烈波动引起的排斥力动态变化,提出一种同步磁场调控方法,以实现双弧柔性耦合.研制了同步磁场控制装置,通过实时监测PMIG电流波形边沿,输出与脉冲峰/基值匹配的磁场电压;结合XIRIS高速摄像与FLUENT数值模拟,建立了三维磁流体动力学模型,研究了同步磁场电压对304不锈钢焊接电弧形态及温度场的动态影响.结果表明,同步磁场产生的洛伦兹力能动态抵消电磁排斥力.当磁场电压为36 V时,洛伦兹力与排斥力在峰值阶段达到最佳平衡,等离子弧保持垂直且挺度增强,实现了双弧动态柔性耦合,消除了蛇形焊缝及飞溅.最佳工艺参数下熔深提升22.1%,显著改善了传质传热稳定性,大幅提升了成形质量.展开更多
Sodium-based adsorbents(Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit significant potential for commercial utilization in CO_(2)capture.Nevertheless,the requirement for high desorption temperatures poses challenges in terms of ...Sodium-based adsorbents(Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit significant potential for commercial utilization in CO_(2)capture.Nevertheless,the requirement for high desorption temperatures poses challenges in terms of the high-quality heat needed for desorption.This study integrated ZrO_(2)doping into a sodium-based adsorbent to enhance its CO_(2)capture performance and lower its desorption temperature.The research investigated the CO_(2)adsorption capacity,reaction rate,and desorption characteristics of the ZrO_(2)-doped Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)adsorbents in detail.Additionally,the catalytic mechanism of ZrO_(2)was elucidated through Density Functional Theory calculations.The results showed that ZrO_(2)doping increased the adsorption rate and capacity of the adsorbent and reduced the desorption energy consumption.Desorption reaction activation energy reduced to 44.8 kJ/mol.The adsorbent doped with 3wt.%ZrO_(2)demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity and rate under optimal conditions,with a reaction temperature of 45℃,an adsorption capacity of 1.66 mmol/g,and a carbon conversion rate of 80.2%.ZrO_(2)acted as a catalyst,enhancing CO_(2)and H_(2)O adsorption,and facilitated CO_(2)desorption in the sodium-based adsorbent by forming[ZrO(OH)]^(+)and OH^(−)through H_(2)O adsorption activation.The lower energy barrier(0.17 eV)for the dissociative adsorption pathway of H_(2)O molecules on the ZrO_(2)surface further supported the role of ZrO_(2)in enhancing the overall adsorption performance of the adsorbent in the carbon capture process.Ultimately,the ZrO_(2)-doped Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)adsorbent was identified as having low desorption energy consumption,high adsorption capacity,and rate,offering potential cost reductions in CO_(2)capture and representing a promising adsorbent for this application.展开更多
Improving plasma uniformity is a critical issue in the development of large-area radio-frequency(RF)inductively coupled plasma(ICP)sources.In this work,the effects of coil structure and electromagnetic shielding on th...Improving plasma uniformity is a critical issue in the development of large-area radio-frequency(RF)inductively coupled plasma(ICP)sources.In this work,the effects of coil structure and electromagnetic shielding on the spatial distribution and uniformity of the plasma are systematically investigated using a three-dimensional fluid model.The model integrates plasma and electromagnetic field modules to simulate the discharge characteristics of a large-area RF ICP source with dimensions of 100 cm×50 cm.The results reveal that the electron density distribution varies significantly with the coil structure.For the rotating and translating coil structures,the electron density is high at off-axis positions and low at the center.In contrast,the mirror coil structure exhibits a significantly higher electron density at the chamber center,resulting in a high-center and low-edge density distribution.Among the three configurations,the rotating coil structure provides the best plasma uniformity.The incorporation of electromagnetic shielding further improves plasma uniformity,particularly for the mirror coil structure.For the rotating and translating coil structures,the electron density exhibits a saddle-shaped distribution regardless of electromagnetic shielding.However,introducing electromagnetic shielding into the mirror coil structure reduces the electron density at the chamber center and decreases the non-uniformity degree by 18.4%.Overall,the mirror coil structure with electromagnetic shielding achieves the highest uniformity,with an exceptional plasma uniformity of 94%.This work offers valuable insights for the design of large-area ICP sources in advanced plasma processing systems.展开更多
Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incid...Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incident)and 986 health-related traits in 53,026 individuals(median follow-up:14.8 years)from the UK Biobank,representing the most comprehensive proteome profiles to date.This atlas revealed 168,100 protein-disease associations and 554,488 protein-trait associations.展开更多
Human health is seriously jeopardized by infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.The current traditional disinfection technologies have many defects,such as producing harmful by-products,being affected by water...Human health is seriously jeopardized by infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.The current traditional disinfection technologies have many defects,such as producing harmful by-products,being affected by water turbidity,and high energy consumption.The growing concern for microbial safety has brought non-thermal plasma(NTP)disinfection technology into the spotlight.NTP is a promising disinfection technology with advantages such as environmental protection,safety,room temperature disinfection,short disinfection cycle,and wide applicability.Researchers are continuously optimizing NTP reactions to improve disinfection efficiency.This paper provides an integrated analysis of both plasma disinfection in water and plasma-activated water(PAW)disinfection on object surfaces.NTP can directly treat bacterial contaminated water,and can also be employed to produce PAW as a disinfectant for treating bacteria on surfaces.This review introduces the fundamental concepts and commonly used equipment related to NTP technology,analyzes the influencing factors and mechanisms of disinfection,and concludes by outlining the future directions of NTP technology in the field of disinfection.We hope to provide a reference for the research and practice of bacterial pollution issues.展开更多
Interfacial interactions between rough mineral particles have garnered considerable attention as they directly determine particle agglomeration and floatability.This study comprehensively investigates the agglomeratio...Interfacial interactions between rough mineral particles have garnered considerable attention as they directly determine particle agglomeration and floatability.This study comprehensively investigates the agglomeration characteristics of siderite particles after argon(Ar)plasma surface modification through settling tests,flocs size measurements,and fractal dimension calculations.Ar plasma surface modification promotes the agglomeration of siderite particles,as evidenced by increased floc size and density.The agglomeration mechanism induced by Ar plasma surface modification is evaluated using a theoretical model combining the surface element integration(SEI)approach,differential geometry,and the composite Simpson's rule.Changes in surface roughness,wettability,and charge are considered in this model.Compared to the unpretreated siderite particles,the energy barrier for interaction of the 30-min Ar plasma-pretreated siderite particles decreases from 2.3×10-^(17)J to 1.6×10^(-17)J.This reduction provides strong evidence for the agglomeration behavior of siderite particles.Furthermore,flotation experiments confirm that Ar plasma surface modification is conducive to the aggregation flotation of siderite.These findings offer crucial insights into particle aggregation and dispersion behaviors,with notable application in mineral flotation.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52473139 and U21A2098)。
文摘Hospital wastewater contains complex pollutants,including residual organic dyes and antibiotic-resistant pathogens,posing severe risks to ecosystems and human health.Conventional adsorbents,constrained by monopolar functional groups and limited surface sites,fail to remove both pollutants simultaneously.Here,we report an intelligent responsive polyurethane microsphere adsorbent doped with diallyl dimethylammonium chloride modified carbon nanotubes,termed as PUCD microspheres.The PUCD integrates bipolar adsorption sites,tunable micrometer-scale pores,and a near-infrared(NIR)-triggered in situ capture mechanism within a single platform,which achieves up to 98.3%dye removal,maintains strong adsorption performance across a wide pH range and retains 83.3%efficiency for rhodamine B after five cycles.Notably,the PUCD employs a temperature-responsive phase transition:under NIR irradiation,the microspheres undergo shrinkage,reducing the pore size to generate a‘polymer trap',enabling in situ capture of bacteria with>99%efficiencies for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.By immobilizing live bacteria,the PUCD microspheres substantially reduces the risk of pathogen desorption and toxin release.This promising platform offers a safe,efficient,and single-stage strategy for hospital wastewater purification,enabling the simultaneous elimination of dyes and pathogenic bacteria.
基金Guangzhou (China) government postdoctoral program for providing financial support to conduct this worksupport from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 72140008)funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program under grant agreement No. 101022484。
文摘Graphene has enormous potential to capture CO_(2)due to its unique properties and cost-effectiveness.However,graphene-based adsorbents have drawbacks of lower CO_(2)adsorption capacity and poor selectivity.This work demonstrates a one-step rapid and sustainable N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment process to prepare graphene-based sorbent material with enhanced CO_(2)adsorption performance.Plasma treatment directly enriches amine species,increases surface area,and improves textural properties.The CO_(2)adsorption capacity increases from 1.6 to 3.3 mmol/g for capturing flue gas,and from 0.14 to 1.3 mmol/g for direct air capture (DAC).Importantly,the electrothermal property of the plasma-modified aerogels has been significantly improved,resulting in faster heating rates and significantly reducing energy consumption compared to conventional external heating for regeneration of sorbents.Modified aerogels display improved selectivity of 42 and 87 after plasma modification for 5 and 10 min,respectively.The plasma-treated aerogels display minimal loss between 17%and 19% in capacity after 40 adsorption/desorption cycles,rendering excellent stability.The N_(2)/H_(2)plasma treatment of adsorbent materials would lower energy expenses and prevent negative effects on the global economy caused by climate change.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52260013,51968034,and 21876071)the Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects (No.202202AG050005).
文摘In this study,non-thermal plasma(NTP)was employed to modify the Cu/TiO_(2)adsorbent to efficiently purify H_(2)S in low-temperature and micro-oxygen environments.The effects of Cu loading amounts and atmospheres of NTP treatment on the adsorption-oxidation performance of the adsorbents were investigated.The NTP modification successfully boosted the H_(2)S removal capacity to varying degrees,and the optimized adsorbent treated by air plasma(Cu/TiO_(2)-Air)attained the best H_(2)S breakthrough capacity of 113.29 mg H_(2)S/gadsorbent,which was almost 5 times higher than that of the adsorbent without NTP modification.Further studies demonstrated that the superior performance of Cu/TiO_(2)-Air was attributed to increased mesoporous volume,more exposure of active sites(CuO)and functional groups(amino groups and hydroxyl groups),enhanced Ti-O-Cu interaction,and the favorable ratio of active oxygen species.Additionally,the X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results indicated the main reason for the deactivationwas the consumption of the active components(CuO)and the agglomeration of reaction products(CuS and SO_(4)^(2−))occupying the active sites on the surface and the inner pores of the adsorbents.
文摘A cascaded system of electrical discharges (non-thermal plasma) andadsorption process was investigated for the removal of oxides of Nitrogen (NO_x) and totalhydrocarbons (THC) from an actual diesel engine exhaust. The non-thermal plasma and adsorptionprocesses were separately studied first and then the cascaded process was studied. In this study,different types of adsorbents were used. The NO_x removal efficiency was higher withplasma-associated adsorption (cascaded) process compared to the individual processes and the removalefficiency was found almost invariant in time. When associated by plasma, among the adsorbentsstudied, activated charcoal and MS-13X were more effective for NO_x and THC removal respectively.The experiments were conducted at no load and at 50 % load conditions. The plasma reactor was keptat room temperature throughout the experiment, while the temperature of the adsorbent reactor wasvaried. A relative comparison of adsorbents was discussed at the end.
基金supported by Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project(202102090301026)Graduate Education Innovation Project of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(SY2023024)。
文摘Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent materials were successfully synthesized by loading TEPA onto the pore MgO/ZrO_(2)carriers in the paper.The pore structure and surface characteristic of the samples were analyzed by using XRD,BET,FT-IR and SEM.The adsorbent materials exhibited microcrystalline state,and the crystallinity of all samples gradually decreased as the increase of TEPA content.The pore structure analysis indicated that the modification of MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents with TEPA led to the decrease of the specific surface areas,but the narrow micro-mesopore size distributions ranging from 1.8-12 nm in the adsorbents still were maintained.FT-IR spectrum results further verified the successful loading of TEPA.The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents for CO_(2)were tested by using an adsorption apparatus equipped with gas chromatography.The results indicated that when the TEPA loading reached 50%,the sample exhibited the maximum adsorption value for CO_(2),reaching 4.07 mmol/g under the operation condition of 75℃and atmospheric pressure.This result could be assigned to not only the base active sites but also the coexistence of both micropore and mesopore in the adsorbent.After three cycles tests for CO_(2)capture,the adsorption value of the sample for CO_(2)can also reached 95%of its original adsorption capacity,which verified the excellent cyclic operation stability.
文摘An analysis has been made on the discharge plasma coupled with an adsorbent system for NOx removal. The cascaded plasma-adsorbent system may be perceived as a better alternative for the existing adsorbent-based abatement system in the industry. In this study the exhaust is sourced from a diesel generator set. It was observed that better NO removal in a plasma reactor can be made possible by achieving higher average fields and subsequent NO2 removal can be improved using an adsorbent system connected in cascade with the plasma system. The paper describes various findings pertaining to these comparative analyses.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52476223,22038011)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(Grant No.B23025)+1 种基金K.C.Wong Education Foundation,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.xzy012023074)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(Grant Nos.2023KJKXX-004,2022KXJ-126).
文摘Conventional powder/pellet-based systems used for mitigating the environmental challenges posed by CO_(2)emissions present inefficiencies in mass/heat transfer,pressure drop,and clogging.Monolithic adsorption materials have emerged as a promising alternative to such systems.Additive manufacturing(AM)enables precise structural optimization and active component control in monolithic adsorbents,enhancing the adsorption kinetics while minimizing mechanical wear.This review examines the progress in AM-driven CO_(2)adsorbent development,covering the following aspects:(1)fabrication techniques for monolithic adsorbents and key metrics for evaluating their mechanical and adsorption properties,(2)applications of AM methods(extrusion,coating,gel spinning,and 3D printing)under fixed-source and direct-air capture scenarios,and(3)integrated systems combining CO_(2)adsorption and conversion.However,balancing adsorption performance with mechanical strength is a critical challenge.The trade-off can be addressed through advanced AM strategies such as hybrid material architectures and computational design.Future advancements will hinge on hybrid AM techniques to decouple structural and functional demands,AI/ML-driven multi-objective optimization for pore structure refinement and stress distribution,and lifecycle sustainability analytics to reduce energy use and material waste.By synergizing these approaches,next-generation monolithic adsorbents can achieve high capacity,mechanical robustness,and cost-effectiveness,positioning AM as a scalable and sustainable platform for carbon capture technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52100062,and 52230001)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M732785).
文摘This study introduced a microwave-assisted pyrolysis method for the rapid and efficientpreparation of boron-doped porous biochar. The resulting biochar exhibited a large specificsurface area (933.39 m^(2)/g), a rich porous structure (1.044 cm3/g), and abundant active sites.Consequently, the prepared boron-doped porous biochar exhibited higher efficiency in adsorbingtetracycline with a maximum adsorption capacity of 413.223 mg/g, which significantlyexceeded that of unmodified biochar andmost commercial and reported adsorbents.The correlation analysis between the adsorption capacity and adsorbent characteristics revealedthat the formation of the –BCO_(2) group enhanced π–π electron donor–acceptor interactionsbetween boron-doped porous biochar and tetracycline. This mechanism mainlycontributed to the enhanced adsorption of tetracycline by boron-doped porous biochar. Additionally,the as-prepared boron-doped porous biochar exhibited broad applications in removingantibiotics (tetracycline), phenolics (bisphenol A), and dyes (methylene blue andrhodamine B). Moreover, the boron-doped porous biochar exhibited satisfactory stability,and its adsorption capacity can be nearly completely regenerated through simple heat treatment.This study provides new insights into the effectiveness of boron-doped carbonaceousmaterials in removing antibiotic contaminants.
文摘Geological samples often contain significant amounts of iron,which,although not typically the target element,can substantially interfere with the analysis of other elements of interest.To mitigate these interferences,amidoximebased radiation grafted adsorbents have been identified as effective for iron removal.In this study,an amidoximefunctionalized,radiation-grafted adsorbent synthesized from polypropylene waste(PPw-g-AO-10)was employed to remove iron from leached geological samples.The adsorption process was systematically optimized by investigating the effects of pH,contact time,adsorbent dosage,and initial ferric ion concentration.Under optimal conditions-pH1.4,a contact time of 90 min,and an initial ferric ion concentration of 4500 mg/L-the adsorbent exhibited a maximum iron adsorption capacity of 269.02 mg/g.After optimizing the critical adsorption parameters,the adsorbent was applied to the leached geological samples,achieving a 91%removal of the iron content.The adsorbent was regenerated through two consecutive cycles using 0.2 N HNO_(3),achieving a regeneration efficiency of 65%.These findings confirm the efficacy of the synthesized PPw-g-AO-10 as a cost-effective and eco-friendly adsorbent for successfully removing iron from leached geological matrices while maintaining a reasonable degree of reusability.
基金funding for this study received from the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21876071,51968034,41807373 and 21667015)Science and Technology Program of Yunnan province(No.2019FB069).
文摘Non-thermal plasma(NTP)surface modification technology is a new method to control the surface properties of materials,which has been widely used in the field of environmental protection because of its short action time,simple process and no pollution.In this study,Cu/ACF(activated carbon fiber loaded with copper)adsorbent was modified with NTP to remove H_(2)S and PH_(3) simultaneously under low temperature and micro-oxygen condition.Meanwhile,the effects of different modified atmosphere(air,N_(2) and NH_(3)),specific energy input(0–13 J/mL)and modification time(0–30 min)on the removal of H_(2)S and PH_(3) were investigated.Performance test results indicated that under the same reaction conditions,the adsorbent modified by NH_(3) plasma with 5 J/mL for 10 min had the best removal effect on H_(2)S and PH_(3).CO_(2) temperature-programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyzes showed that NH_(3) plasma modification could introduce amino functional groups on the surface of the adsorbent,and increase the types and number of alkaline sites on the surface.Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and scanning electron microscopy showed that NH_(3) plasma modification did not significantly change the pore size structure of the adsorbent,but more active components were evenly exposed to the surface,thus improving the adsorption performance.In addition,X-ray diffraction and XPS analysis indicated that the consumption of active components(Cu and Cu_(2)O)and the accumulation of sulfate and phosphate on the surface and inner pores of the adsorbent are the main reasons for the deactivation of the adsorbent.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Natural Science Foundation of China 52225003,22208021,22109004the National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFB4101702.
文摘Although supported solid amine adsorbents have attracted great attention for CO_(2) capture,critical chemical deactivation problems including oxidative degradation and urea formation have severely restricted their practical applications for flue gas CO_(2) capture.In this work,we reveal that the nature of surface hydroxyl groups(metal hydroxyl Al–OH and nonmetal hydroxyl Si–OH)plays a key role in the deactivation mechanisms.The polyethyleneimine(PEI)supported on Al–OH-containing substrates suffers from severe oxidative degradation during the CO_(2) capture step due to the breakage of amine-support hydrogen bonding networks,but exhibits an excellent anti-urea formation feature by preventing dehydration of carbamate products under a pure CO_(2) regeneration atmosphere.In contrast,PEI supported on Si–OHcontaining substrates exhibits excellent anti-oxidative stability under simulated flue gas conditions by forming a robust hydrogen bonding protective network with Si–OH,but suffers from obvious urea formation during the pure CO_(2) regeneration step.We also reveal that the urea formation problem for PEI-SBA-15 can be avoided by the incorporation of an OH-containing PEG additive.Based on the intrinsic understanding of degradation mechanisms,we successfully synthesized an adsorbent 40PEI-20PEG-SBA-15 that demonstrates outstanding stability and retention of a high CO_(2) capacity of 2.45 mmol g^(−1) over 1000 adsorption–desorption cycles,together with negligible capacity loss during aging in simulated flue gas(10%CO_(2)+5%O_(2)+3%H_(2)O)for one month at 60–70℃.We believe this work makes great contribution to the advancement in the field of ultra-stable solid amine-based CO_(2) capture materials.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFA1504402)National Energy R&D Center of Petroleum Refining Technology(RIPP,SINOPEC)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22472016 and U23B20169)Key R&D Program of Ningbo(No.2023Z144)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB601).
文摘Desulfurization technology is rather difficult and urgently needed for carbon dioxide(CO_(2))utilization in industry.A new Cu(I)-based adsorbent was synthesized and examined for the capacity of removing carbonyl sulfide(COS)from a CO_(2)stream in an effort to solve the competitive adsorption between CO_(2)and COS and to seek opportunity to advance adsorption capacity.A wide range of character-ization techniques were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of the synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent featuringπ-complexation and their correlations with the adsorption performance.Meanwhile,the first principal calculation software CP2K was used to develop an understanding of the adsorption mechanism,which can offer useful guidance for the adsorbent regeneration.The synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent,prepared by using copper citrate and citric acid on the ZSM-5(SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)=25)carrier,outperformed other adsorbents with varying formulations and carriers in adsorption capacities.Through optimization of the preparation and adsorption conditions for various adsorbents,the breakthrough adsorption capacity(Qb)for COS was further enhanced from 2.19 mg/g to 15.36 mg/g.The formed stableπ-complex bonds between COS and Cu(I),as confirmed by density func-tional theory calculations,were verified by the significant improvement in the adsorption capacity after regeneration at 600°C.The above advantages render the novel synthesized Cu(I)adsorbent a promising candidate featuring cost-effectiveness,high efficacy and good regenerability for desulfurization from a CO_(2)stream.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11875039)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2023-033)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021221071)China Baowu Low Carbon Metallurgical Innovation Foundation(2022)2023 Anhui Major Industrial Innovation Plan Project。
文摘The in-flight heating process of cerium dioxide(CeO_(2))powders was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations.In the experiment,CeO_(2)powder(average size of 30μm)was injected into radio-frequency(RF)argon plasma,and the temperatures were measured using a DPV-2000 monitor.A model combining the electromagnetism,thermal flow,and heat transfer characteristics of powder during in-flight heating in argon plasma was proposed.The melting processes of CeO_(2)powders of different diameters,with and without thermal resistance effect,were investigated.Results show that the heating process of CeO_(2)powder particles consists of three main stages,one of which is relevant to a dimensionless parameter known as the Biot number.When the Biot value≥0.1,thermal resistance increases significantly,especially for the larger powders.The predicted temperature of the particles at the outlet(1800–2880 K)is in good agreement with the experimental result.
文摘在等离子-脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护复合焊(plasma-pluse metal inter gas welding,Plasma-PMIG)中,异极性电弧间的强烈电磁排斥力严重削弱了等离子弧的挺度与深熔特性.鉴于传统恒定磁场难以适配PMIG脉冲电流剧烈波动引起的排斥力动态变化,提出一种同步磁场调控方法,以实现双弧柔性耦合.研制了同步磁场控制装置,通过实时监测PMIG电流波形边沿,输出与脉冲峰/基值匹配的磁场电压;结合XIRIS高速摄像与FLUENT数值模拟,建立了三维磁流体动力学模型,研究了同步磁场电压对304不锈钢焊接电弧形态及温度场的动态影响.结果表明,同步磁场产生的洛伦兹力能动态抵消电磁排斥力.当磁场电压为36 V时,洛伦兹力与排斥力在峰值阶段达到最佳平衡,等离子弧保持垂直且挺度增强,实现了双弧动态柔性耦合,消除了蛇形焊缝及飞溅.最佳工艺参数下熔深提升22.1%,显著改善了传质传热稳定性,大幅提升了成形质量.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220001)the Big Data Computing Center of Southeast University.
文摘Sodium-based adsorbents(Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3))exhibit significant potential for commercial utilization in CO_(2)capture.Nevertheless,the requirement for high desorption temperatures poses challenges in terms of the high-quality heat needed for desorption.This study integrated ZrO_(2)doping into a sodium-based adsorbent to enhance its CO_(2)capture performance and lower its desorption temperature.The research investigated the CO_(2)adsorption capacity,reaction rate,and desorption characteristics of the ZrO_(2)-doped Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)adsorbents in detail.Additionally,the catalytic mechanism of ZrO_(2)was elucidated through Density Functional Theory calculations.The results showed that ZrO_(2)doping increased the adsorption rate and capacity of the adsorbent and reduced the desorption energy consumption.Desorption reaction activation energy reduced to 44.8 kJ/mol.The adsorbent doped with 3wt.%ZrO_(2)demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity and rate under optimal conditions,with a reaction temperature of 45℃,an adsorption capacity of 1.66 mmol/g,and a carbon conversion rate of 80.2%.ZrO_(2)acted as a catalyst,enhancing CO_(2)and H_(2)O adsorption,and facilitated CO_(2)desorption in the sodium-based adsorbent by forming[ZrO(OH)]^(+)and OH^(−)through H_(2)O adsorption activation.The lower energy barrier(0.17 eV)for the dissociative adsorption pathway of H_(2)O molecules on the ZrO_(2)surface further supported the role of ZrO_(2)in enhancing the overall adsorption performance of the adsorbent in the carbon capture process.Ultimately,the ZrO_(2)-doped Na_(2)CO_(3)/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)adsorbent was identified as having low desorption energy consumption,high adsorption capacity,and rate,offering potential cost reductions in CO_(2)capture and representing a promising adsorbent for this application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12075049 and 11935005)。
文摘Improving plasma uniformity is a critical issue in the development of large-area radio-frequency(RF)inductively coupled plasma(ICP)sources.In this work,the effects of coil structure and electromagnetic shielding on the spatial distribution and uniformity of the plasma are systematically investigated using a three-dimensional fluid model.The model integrates plasma and electromagnetic field modules to simulate the discharge characteristics of a large-area RF ICP source with dimensions of 100 cm×50 cm.The results reveal that the electron density distribution varies significantly with the coil structure.For the rotating and translating coil structures,the electron density is high at off-axis positions and low at the center.In contrast,the mirror coil structure exhibits a significantly higher electron density at the chamber center,resulting in a high-center and low-edge density distribution.Among the three configurations,the rotating coil structure provides the best plasma uniformity.The incorporation of electromagnetic shielding further improves plasma uniformity,particularly for the mirror coil structure.For the rotating and translating coil structures,the electron density exhibits a saddle-shaped distribution regardless of electromagnetic shielding.However,introducing electromagnetic shielding into the mirror coil structure reduces the electron density at the chamber center and decreases the non-uniformity degree by 18.4%.Overall,the mirror coil structure with electromagnetic shielding achieves the highest uniformity,with an exceptional plasma uniformity of 94%.This work offers valuable insights for the design of large-area ICP sources in advanced plasma processing systems.
文摘Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incident)and 986 health-related traits in 53,026 individuals(median follow-up:14.8 years)from the UK Biobank,representing the most comprehensive proteome profiles to date.This atlas revealed 168,100 protein-disease associations and 554,488 protein-trait associations.
基金support by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22006069)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province in China(No.BK20200801)Jiangsu Special Foundation on Technology Innovation of Carbon Dioxide Peaking and Carbon Neutrality(No.BK20220016).
文摘Human health is seriously jeopardized by infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.The current traditional disinfection technologies have many defects,such as producing harmful by-products,being affected by water turbidity,and high energy consumption.The growing concern for microbial safety has brought non-thermal plasma(NTP)disinfection technology into the spotlight.NTP is a promising disinfection technology with advantages such as environmental protection,safety,room temperature disinfection,short disinfection cycle,and wide applicability.Researchers are continuously optimizing NTP reactions to improve disinfection efficiency.This paper provides an integrated analysis of both plasma disinfection in water and plasma-activated water(PAW)disinfection on object surfaces.NTP can directly treat bacterial contaminated water,and can also be employed to produce PAW as a disinfectant for treating bacteria on surfaces.This review introduces the fundamental concepts and commonly used equipment related to NTP technology,analyzes the influencing factors and mechanisms of disinfection,and concludes by outlining the future directions of NTP technology in the field of disinfection.We hope to provide a reference for the research and practice of bacterial pollution issues.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204284)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2025MD784125)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(No.2024JC-YBQN-0365)the Shaanxi Province Postdoctoral Science Foundation,China(No.2025BSHSDZZ363)Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,China(No.202308)。
文摘Interfacial interactions between rough mineral particles have garnered considerable attention as they directly determine particle agglomeration and floatability.This study comprehensively investigates the agglomeration characteristics of siderite particles after argon(Ar)plasma surface modification through settling tests,flocs size measurements,and fractal dimension calculations.Ar plasma surface modification promotes the agglomeration of siderite particles,as evidenced by increased floc size and density.The agglomeration mechanism induced by Ar plasma surface modification is evaluated using a theoretical model combining the surface element integration(SEI)approach,differential geometry,and the composite Simpson's rule.Changes in surface roughness,wettability,and charge are considered in this model.Compared to the unpretreated siderite particles,the energy barrier for interaction of the 30-min Ar plasma-pretreated siderite particles decreases from 2.3×10-^(17)J to 1.6×10^(-17)J.This reduction provides strong evidence for the agglomeration behavior of siderite particles.Furthermore,flotation experiments confirm that Ar plasma surface modification is conducive to the aggregation flotation of siderite.These findings offer crucial insights into particle aggregation and dispersion behaviors,with notable application in mineral flotation.
