The“People’s Films,”when examined from the perspective of classical aesthetics,present a unique visual style that creates artistic conceptions through sparse filming and deliver a scenery-based ideology through bac...The“People’s Films,”when examined from the perspective of classical aesthetics,present a unique visual style that creates artistic conceptions through sparse filming and deliver a scenery-based ideology through background shots,contributing to the overall aesthetic taste dominated by plainness.Chinese national aesthetic tastes,distinguished by implicitness,symbolism,and ethereality,have the magical power to present charming conceptions via plain and simple scenes,thus endowing the“People’s Films”with natural,plain,and harmonious frames that are unique to China.Behind the silent and plain scenes are representations of personal cultivation and essential values cherished by the Chinese people,which are achieved via the momentary presence and entirety of scenes photographed in the films,delivering an internal transcendence of people’s consciousness.展开更多
Black soil is essential for maintaining regional food security and promoting global agricultural production.Understanding the weathering process of parent material and the accumulation of organic carbon is crucial to ...Black soil is essential for maintaining regional food security and promoting global agricultural production.Understanding the weathering process of parent material and the accumulation of organic carbon is crucial to comprehending the developmental history and future trends of black soil,especially against the background of large-scale global cultivation and climate change.Although the importance of black soil formation and evolution cannot be ignored,the relevant research is still very scarce.In this study,a typical eight-meter-deep soil core was collected from the Keshan area of the Songnen Plain,Northeast China,where surface black soil developed on paleo-sediments.Using^(14)C dating,the formation age of the black soil was determined.Based on the characteristics of the geochemical composition,grain size and the magnetic susceptibility of the sediments,it was demonstrated that the black soil and its parent material originated from reworked loess.Furthermore,the mass transfer coefficient(τ)of some elements was determined,in order to explore the soil weathering process.By calculating the transported amount of alkaline and alkaline-earth elements,the weathering rate of parent material to black soil was found to be weak,at 0.16 kEq·ha^(-1)·year^(-1).Combining the results of dating and carbon density in the different layers of black soil,the accumulation rate of organic carbon was determined as follows:rapidly increasing in the initial period of 13.2-2.2 ka,reaching its maximum average value of 34.0 g·cm^(-2)·a^(-1)at 2.2-0.8 ka,then showing a decreasing trend with an average value of-77.5 g·cm^(-2)·a^(-1).Compared with regional climate change,Keshan black soil has developed under a colder and wetter climate during the Holocene.Predictably,ongoing global warming may lead to the degradation of black soils in the Songnen Plain,as well as in other regions.Our results will enrich geological knowledge of black soil formation and future evolutionary trends.展开更多
The historicity of China's first state-level government(the Xia Dynasty),during which a Great Flood is claimed to have swept through the core of northern China,remains a well-known yet unresolved issue.Archaeologi...The historicity of China's first state-level government(the Xia Dynasty),during which a Great Flood is claimed to have swept through the core of northern China,remains a well-known yet unresolved issue.Archaeologists hypothesize a connection between the legendary events of the Xia Dynasty and archaeological discoveries in the Central China Plains cultural area,encompassing late Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures such as Henan's Longshan,Xinzhai,Erlitou,and Erligang.The authenticity of these speculations has been challenging to substantiate due to the lack of systematic evidence for the Great Flood in the middle to lower Yellow River(YR)Basin.In this paper,we present high-resolution hydrological environmental proxy data,sedimentological remains,and paleontological evidence from the central North China Plain.Our findings provide isochronous evidence of the termination of a hundred-year-long flood period dated to approximately 2080±216 BC,consistent with the observations from lower YR flood plain and marginal marine sediments.These findings both spatially and temporally overlap with the framework of the Great Flood described in the Chinese classics.The alignment between the geoscientific and archaeological evidence and the information in the Chinese classics provides robust confirmation that the Great Flood occurred in the middle to lower YR region during the late Longshan era.展开更多
近日,华中科技大学2023级博士研究生周一帆(导师肖江教授)的论文“Plain DAG:A Low-Latency Asynchronous DAG BFT Protocol with Best-Effort Broadcast”被期刊《IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (TIFS)》...近日,华中科技大学2023级博士研究生周一帆(导师肖江教授)的论文“Plain DAG:A Low-Latency Asynchronous DAG BFT Protocol with Best-Effort Broadcast”被期刊《IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (TIFS)》录用。当前,基于有向无环图(Directed Acyclic Graph,DAG)的异步拜占庭容错共识协议(Byzantine Fault Tolerance,BFT)因其高吞吐量和高鲁棒性而备受关注,但其依赖的可靠广播(Reliable Broadcast,RBC)等复杂通信原语通常需要3轮通信,导致共识延迟较高。为解决这一核心挑战,该论文提出了Plain DAG,一种基于最简化的最大努力广播(Best-Effort Broadcast,BBC)的低延迟异步DAG BFT协议。展开更多
Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this regio...Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this region was limited and/or unreported, partly resulting in their limited use for industrial processing. The current study sought to understand the seasonal quality profile of these varieties during the wet and dry seasons for the years 2019, 2022 and 2023. The study was conducted with farmers in the districts of Kumi, Ngora, Soroti and Kalaki. Mature green oranges were periodically harvested and analysed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the quality of oranges varied depending on the season at harvest and the variety with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). Mean weight per fruit was highest in wet season Washington navel (277.5 g) and lowest in dry season Hamlin (149.3 g). Similarly, fruit size varied in the wet season where Washington navel (81.2 mm) had the biggest fruits while dry season Hamlin were smallest (66.6 mm). Dry season Washington navel had had the thickest peel (7.9 mm). Valencia from the wet season had the highest juice content (36.9%) compared to Washington navel (26.5%) from the dry season with the lowest. Titratable acidity was higher in the dry season Valencia (0.9%) compared to the wet season Washington navel and Hamlin (0.3%). Similarly, Total soluble solids (TSS) was higher in the dry season (Washington navel, 10.1 ˚Brix) in contrast to the wet season (Hamlin and Valencia, 7.7 ˚Brix). Valencia had the lowest pH (3.1) however, pH did not vary significantly between season for each variety except for Hamlin. Vitamin C content was higher during the dry season led by Valencia (57.6 mg/100g) and Hamlin (57.4 mg/100g). Sugar to acid ratio was highest during the wet season (Washington navel, 41.5) and lowest in the dry season (Valencia, 17.1). Overall, dry season fruits and more especially Valencia showed versatility in meeting most of the quality requirements for both industrial juice processing and the fresh market. However, there is need to improve the available orange varieties with regard to juice content and optimal sugar: acid ratio regardless of season.展开更多
Population growth leads to increased utilization of water resources.One of these resources is groundwater,which has steadily declined each year.The depletion of these resources brings about various environmental chall...Population growth leads to increased utilization of water resources.One of these resources is groundwater,which has steadily declined each year.The depletion of these resources brings about various environmental challenges.The present study aimed to explore the relationship between groundwater fluctuations and land subsidence in the Malayer Plain,Iran,focusing on quantifying subsidence resulting from groundwater extraction.Using Sentinel-1 satellite data(2014–2019)and monthly piezometric measurements(1996–2018),the analysis revealed an average deformation velocity of–6.3 cm yr–1,with accumulated subsidence of–32 cm over the 2014–2019 period.The maximum subsidence rate reached 10.3 cm yr–1 in areas of intensive agricultural activity.A wavelet-PCA spatiotemporal analysis of groundwater fluctuations identified critical multi-scale patterns strongly correlated with subsidence trends.Regression analysis between subsidence rates and groundwater fluctuations at various wavelet decomposition levels explained 75%of the variance(R2=0.75),indicating that intermediate-scale groundwater declines were the primary drivers of subsidence.Furthermore,land use analysis using Landsat data(1999–2021)revealed a 6230-ha increase in irrigated farmland,contributing to heightened groundwater extraction and subsidence rates.These findings highlight the critical need for sustainable groundwater management to mitigate the risks of continued subsidence in the region.展开更多
The early excessive groundwater exploitation caused extensive land subsidence in the Hangjiahu Plain(HJHP),threatening geological stability and infrastructure.Government restrictions on groundwater exploitation led to...The early excessive groundwater exploitation caused extensive land subsidence in the Hangjiahu Plain(HJHP),threatening geological stability and infrastructure.Government restrictions on groundwater exploitation led to considerable changes in surface subsidence.To explore the distribution and causes of surface deformation after restrictions on groundwater exploitation,we used 46 Sentinel-1A TOPS images to detect the spatiotemporal distribution of surface deformation in the HJHP area from January 2019 to October 2022 by SBAS-InSAR technique and verified it with leveling results.Results indicated the following:(1)The uneven surface subsidence in the HJHP was relatively apparent,with the localized subsidence concentrated in a few areas.During InSAR monitoring,the maximum subsidence velocity reached-21.0 mm/yr.The most severe subsidence area was in the Shengze town industrial park,with remarkable subsidence bowls and a maximum subsidence of-85.8 mm.(2)Results were verified by comparing the InSAR results with leveling,and the results were in good agreement,indicating the reliability of the InSAR results.(3)Comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of surface subsidence,geological data and rainfall changes revealed that fault activity and rainfall changes had varying degrees of effect on surface subsidence in the HJHP area.(4)The comparison with land use data indicated that the built area was the dominant mechanism of surface subsidence in the study area.In addition,the effect of industrial activities on the surface cannot be ignored.The study results provide scientific data support for emergency disaster prevention work in the HJHP.展开更多
The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reducti...The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction measures.In this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020.To precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario simulations.By comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to 2020.This highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast Plain.Moreover,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological conditions.Notably,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.展开更多
Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their se...Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their sensitivity tends to increase under the impact of strong anthropogenic pressures:population growth,rapid urbanisation,and concentration of economic activities.With the acceleration of climate change and the associated rise in sea level,these areas are facing a new challenge.At the interface between land and sea,scattered across these coastal alluvial plains are wetlands that are predisposed to marine submersion due to a combination of factors.Diachronic analysis of cartographic documents has made it possible to produce geodynamic maps.These were used in the current study to assess sea level rise and flooding,as well as their impact on the future development of coastal alluvial plains,particularly during exceptional weather and sea conditions.The findings show that a poor understanding of the mechanisms specific to these environments has often resulted in short-sighted sectoral approaches to land use planning.Sabkhas and lagoons alone account for more than half of all submerged areas.Coastal wetland ecosystems will be threatened by changes in living conditions,as the rather saline biocenosis will be transformed into a euryhaline lagoon biocenosis.展开更多
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain is among the regions in China that feature the largest scale and the fastest growth in medium and deep geothermal heating.Based on tests of 82 geothermal fluid samples from 7 geothermal...The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain is among the regions in China that feature the largest scale and the fastest growth in medium and deep geothermal heating.Based on tests of 82 geothermal fluid samples from 7 geothermal fields in Hebei Province,2 geothermal fields in Henan Province,and 2 geothermal fields in Shandong Province,and combined with previous studies on the chemical characteristics of karst geothermal water in Beijing and Tianjin,this paper systematically analyzes the migration characteristics of geothermal fluids in karst geothermal reservoirs within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain.The hydrochemical characteristics of karst geothermal water in the research areas exhibit certain differences.The geothermal water in Hebei is more mature than that in its neighboring provinces.The distribution of total dissolved solids(TDS)and strontium elements in the area is characterized by being low in the north and south and high in the middle,suggesting that the overall flow direction of geothermal fluid is from the north and south towards the middle.Combined with the groundwater flow field and the changing trend of the hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal wells along the geological section,a geothermal water migration model has been established.The geothermal fluids originating from Taihang Mountain,Yanshan Mountain,and Western Shandong Mountain enter the basin and continue to migrate towards the central part of the basin along water-conducting faults.However,the migration characteristics of geothermal fluids with the same supply direction are not identical.The geothermal fluids from Taihang Mountain are cut off by the Niudong Fault in the north and terminate in the central uplift belt of the Jizhong Depression,while in the south,they enter the east of the Jizhong Depression relatively quickly along the Hengshui Conversion Belt.The geothermal fluids from Yanshan Mountain migrate into the basin along the Cangdong Fault,yet this fault also disrupts the hydraulic connection between the tectonic units.Considering the effective dynamic conditions,it is recommended to further expand the scale of the scientific development and utilization of geothermal energy in the geothermal water catchment areas around Xiongxian County and southwest Cangzhou City.展开更多
Understanding the variations and potential source of air pollution is essential for implementing targeted mitigation actions.However,the distribution and long-term trends of Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)and its component...Understanding the variations and potential source of air pollution is essential for implementing targeted mitigation actions.However,the distribution and long-term trends of Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)and its components over the Fenwei Plain(FWP)have not been thoroughly investigated.Furthermore,the potential source contribution of AOD loading is still unclear.Thus,maximum synthesis and Mann-Kendall trend(MK)test with Sen's Slope methods are employed to reveal the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of AOD over the FWP.The Potential Source Contribution Function(PSCF)model was applied to analyze the potential source contribution of AOD over the FWP.Results demonstrated that the AOD in spatial pattern exhibited consistency with the topography.AOD over the FWP fluctuated annually from 2000 to 2020,with an increase in the previous decade followed by a gradual decline after 2011.There was a significant monthly variation in AOD with higher values in August(0.47±0.21)and lower in November(0.29±0.12).A positive AOD trend was confirmed from 2000 to 2010 yet a negative trend is identified from 2011 to 2020.The sulfate aerosol(AODSU)exhibited an increasing trend over an extended period.Clear-sky radiation shows a negative trend at the surface and the top of the atmosphere(TOA)from 2000 to 2010,which is consistent with the trend in AOD.The AOD in FWP was primarily influenced by local emissions,with contributions from northern and northwestern sources.This research offers an enhanced overarching comprehension of the distribution and regional climate effects of aerosols over the FWP.展开更多
Aramid fibers,due to their relatively high inter-yarn friction,high strength,high modulus,and other characteristics,have become a typical representative of flexible anti-ballistic materials in modern warfare.Current r...Aramid fibers,due to their relatively high inter-yarn friction,high strength,high modulus,and other characteristics,have become a typical representative of flexible anti-ballistic materials in modern warfare.Current research on the anti-penetration of aramid fabrics mostly focuses unilaterally on the structure and performance of aramid fabrics or the shape and size of projectiles,with fewer studies on the coupled effect of both on ballistic performance.This study analyzes how the coupling relationship(or size effect)between the projectile and fiber bundle dimensions affects the fabric ballistic performance from a mesoscopic scale perspective.Taking plain weave aramid fabric as the research object,considering different diameter projectiles,through a large number of ballistic impact tests and numerical simulations,parameters such as ballistic limit velocity,average energy absorption of fabric,and specific energy absorption ratio(average energy absorption of fabric divided by projectile cross-sectional area)are obtained for ballistic performance analysis.The influence law of projectile size on the ballistic performance of high-performance fabrics is as follows:The relative range of fitted ballistic limit velocity at different target positions gradually decreases and then stabilizes as the projectile diameter increases,indicating that the fabric structure effect gradually disappears at a projectile diameter of 12 mm;The average ballistic limit velocity at three impact positions,P1,P2,and P3,provides the corresponding ballistic limit velocity for 1000D aramid fabric,which increases with projectile diameter but the rate of increase slows down at an inflection point,which in this study occurs where the fabric structure effect nearly disappears at a projectile diameter of 12 mm;The energy absorption ratio increases and then decreases as the projectile diameter increases from 4 mm to 20 mm,reaching a peak at the diameter of 12 mm due to the gradual disappearance of the fabric structural effect.The projectile diameter of 12 mm corresponds to the coupling size of 11.159,which provides a size design reference for the macroscopic-based continuum models of aramid plain weave fabrics.展开更多
This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core ...This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core place of family activities,has a spatial layout that implies a hierarchy of power,and the taboos it represents relate to various aspects such as marriage and bloodline,and maintains the order of the clan through a variety of disciplinary mechanisms.The scaffold in The Scarlet Letter is located in the town’s central square and is a symbol of Puritan social power and moral discipline,behind which Puritan taboos influence people’s behaviors and public punishments are used to achieve the discipline of the people.The research reveals the similarities and differences between the two in terms of sources of power,modes of operation and influence,and opens up new horizons for cross-cultural literary studies.展开更多
The loess plains cover approximately 2000.00 km2 of the northern Negev Desert,accounting for about 9%of Israel's total land area.As elsewhere,the loess in the Negev Desert is composed of wind-transported dust and ...The loess plains cover approximately 2000.00 km2 of the northern Negev Desert,accounting for about 9%of Israel's total land area.As elsewhere,the loess in the Negev Desert is composed of wind-transported dust and sand particles that have been deposited in sink sites.The loess deposits are characteristically covered by biocrusts,which constitute a substantial share of the region's primary productivity.The biocrusts regulate the vascular vegetation communities,including herbaceous and woody plants,many of which are endemic and/or endangered plant species.Throughout history,the region's main land-uses have been based on extensive livestock grazing and runoff-harvesting agriculture,which both still exist to some extent.These land-uses did not challenge the sustainability of the geo-ecosystems over centuries and millennia.At present,predominant land-uses include intensive rangelands(1016.81 km2,encompassing 51%of the loess plains'area),croplands(encompassing both rainfed and irrigated cropping systems:930.92 km2,47%of the loess plains'area),and afforestation lands(158.75 km2).These current land-uses impose substantial challenges to the functioning of the loess plains.Further,urban and rural settlements have expanded considerably in the last decades(158.45 km2),accompanied by mass construction of infrastructures.Altogether,these new land-uses have caused widespread soil erosion,soil structure deformation,depletion of soil organic carbon,environmental contamination,native vegetation removal,invasion of plant species,and habitat fragmentation.Recent climate change has intensified these stressors,exacerbating adverse impacts and forming feedback loops that intensify land degradation and desertification.The declining ecosystem functioning over recent decades emphasizes the urgent need for passive and active restoration schemes.While some of these efforts have proven to be successful,other have failed.Therefore,proactive policy making and environmental legislation are needed to plan and develop schemes aimed at halting land degradation,while simultaneously maximizing nature conservation and restoration of degraded lands across the loess plains.Such actions are expected to increase the regions'capacity for climate change mitigation and adaptation.展开更多
As one of the core visual symbols of Chinese traditional culture,the communication history of auspicious cloud patterns on Central Plains ancient ceramics has great significance.Its contemporary value can be summarize...As one of the core visual symbols of Chinese traditional culture,the communication history of auspicious cloud patterns on Central Plains ancient ceramics has great significance.Its contemporary value can be summarized into four aspects,namely the carrier of cultural inheritance and national identity,the innovative resources of modern design,the media of international cultural exchange and the enlightenment of ecological philosophy.展开更多
Water scarcity and soil salinization pose significant challenges to agriculture in the West Liaohe Plain,eastern Inner Mongolia,China.Shallow-buried drip irrigation can improve soil water use efficiency to alleviate w...Water scarcity and soil salinization pose significant challenges to agriculture in the West Liaohe Plain,eastern Inner Mongolia,China.Shallow-buried drip irrigation can improve soil water use efficiency to alleviate water shortage in agriculture and the application of lignite humic acid reduces the adverse effects of soil salinization.However,further research is needed to investigate the effects of different application rates of lignite humic acid and humic acid-based combined amendment on soil physicochemical properties,nutrient contents,and crop yield in saline-sodic farmlands under shallow-buried drip irrigation.A two-year field experiment was conducted with control without any amendment(CK),three treatments amended with 3 t/ha(H1),6 t/ha(H2),and 12 t/ha(H3)lignite humic acid,and three application rates with 15 t/ha(T1),22.5 t/ha(T2),and 30 t/ha(T3)lignite humic acid-based combined amendment in 2021 and2022.The results showed that H3 reduced soil bulk density,p H,electrical conductivity,and total alkalinity,while increasing the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and available potassium in the two-year experiment.Moreover,the maize yield in H3 increased by an average of 35.5%.T2 decreased soil bulk density,p H,total alkalinity,and increased maize yield by 16.2%,compared to the first year.These results suggest that T2 consistently improved both soil quality and crop yield.Correlation analyses showed that lignite humic acid and its complexes promote maize growth and increase yield by increasing soil organic matter and total nitrogen while reducing soil salinity and total alkalinity.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the field data and the results of the comprehensive evaluation of soil quality,it was determined that the appropriate improvement measures for saline-sodic farmlands under shallow-buried drip irrigation are the application of 12 t/ha of lignite humic acid and 22.5 t/ha of lignite humic acid-based combined amendment.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of lignite humic acid and its combined amendment in mitigating the constraints of saline-sodic farmlands and enhancing crop yields,providing a sustainable solution for improving saline-sodic farmlands in the West Liaohe Plain.展开更多
Intercity mobility lays the foundation for capital flow,information flow,and knowledge flow,etc.,and is important for promoting regional integration.Although many scholars have studied intercity mobility in extensive ...Intercity mobility lays the foundation for capital flow,information flow,and knowledge flow,etc.,and is important for promoting regional integration.Although many scholars have studied intercity mobility in extensive well-developed urban agglomerations,few studies have examined the characteristics of intercity mobility at the county level and its impact on regionalization in western China.This study takes the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration(GPUA)as a case to study the geographical law of intercity mobility and then explore its impact on regionalization.The results obtained show that intercity mobility network exhibits a hub and spoke patterns focusing on major municipal districts at the county level.We also found a corridor effect that counties with higher travel volumes are mostly located along the trunk high speed railway(HSR)lines.Unlike previous studies,the distribution of intercity mobility is more concentrated than that of population and exhibits a super-linear behavior rule.There are the differences in gravity law for overall trips,weekday trips,weekend trips,and holiday trips.With the decrease of travel duration,the effect of attraction of destination is weakening,but the influence of distance decay is increasing.Finally,the spatial organization is still administrative-centric and is dominated by intraprefecture and intra-provincial development.Moreover,the coupled degree between network-based regionalization and attribute-based regionalization shows a decreasing trend from administrative via cultural to physical factors.These findings enrich the research on the intercity mobility and the regionalization in inland developing urban agglomerations.展开更多
China is one of the countries with the longest history in the world.The protection and development of historical and cultural resources is an issue worthy of attention in the fields of economic geography and urban-rur...China is one of the countries with the longest history in the world.The protection and development of historical and cultural resources is an issue worthy of attention in the fields of economic geography and urban-rural planning at the present stage.This study takes the Zhongyuan Urban Agglomeration,which is rich in historical and cultural heritage,as a specific case,analyzes the characteristics of the spatial-temporal distribution pattern of its historical and cultural resources.The results show that the distribution structure of historical and cultural element resources within the Zhongyuan Urban Agglomeration presents significant regional agglomeration and combination characteristics.In response to the analysis results,the study formulates an optimization strategy for the regional development pattern supported by the protection and development of historical and cultural resources,and initially proposes a matching spatial development pattern plan and policy recommendations for coordinated development.展开更多
Water-soluble organic aerosol(WSOA)plays a significant role in air quality and human health.Here we characterized the chemical properties and molecular compositions of WSOA at a rural site in North China Plain during ...Water-soluble organic aerosol(WSOA)plays a significant role in air quality and human health.Here we characterized the chemical properties and molecular compositions of WSOA at a rural site in North China Plain during winter using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and electrospray ionization high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometer(ESI-HRMS).Our results show that the mass concentration of WSOA was significantly higher than that observed in Beijing in winter 2020,contributing about 56%of OA on average.CHO compounds(56%-74%)and CHN compounds(66%-80%)dominated in negative mode and positive mode,respectively,while CHON accounted for 15%-41%across both modes.The chemical characteristics of WSOA varied with polluted levels and between day and night.As pollution intensified,the abundance of CHO-compounds with condensed aromatics increased by 9%and the number of highly oxygenated molecules(HOMs)molecular formula detected in server haze was more than double that of clean days.CHO-compounds with ten carbon atoms(C_(10))were more abundant at night while those with nine carbon atoms(C_(9))were higher during the day.High levels of CHN+compounds were linked to nighttime biomass burning,whereas CHON compounds were more abundant during the day.Increased pollution also led to the formation of more complex CHON-compounds,indicating that organonitrates continue to play a significant role in rural pollution.展开更多
CHINA Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve Located along the northern edge of the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang,the Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve lies in the middle reaches of the Tarim ...CHINA Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve Located along the northern edge of the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang,the Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve lies in the middle reaches of the Tarim River-the longest inland river in China-within Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture.Established in 1983 and upgraded to a national reserve in 2006,it covers an area of about 395,420 hectares,including a core,bu!er,and experimental zone.The reserve features alluvial plains and desert terrain,with elevations ranging from 800 to 940 metres.The landscape consists of river floodplains,ancient riverbeds,and oasis margins,forming a remarkable ecological mosaic shaped by the Tarim River and its tributaries.The region experiences a typical temperate continental desert climate-dry,hot,and windy with scarce rainfall.展开更多
基金the 2020 National Social Science Fund Art Project“History of Chinese Film Thought(1905-1949)”(Project No.:20BC035).
文摘The“People’s Films,”when examined from the perspective of classical aesthetics,present a unique visual style that creates artistic conceptions through sparse filming and deliver a scenery-based ideology through background shots,contributing to the overall aesthetic taste dominated by plainness.Chinese national aesthetic tastes,distinguished by implicitness,symbolism,and ethereality,have the magical power to present charming conceptions via plain and simple scenes,thus endowing the“People’s Films”with natural,plain,and harmonious frames that are unique to China.Behind the silent and plain scenes are representations of personal cultivation and essential values cherished by the Chinese people,which are achieved via the momentary presence and entirety of scenes photographed in the films,delivering an internal transcendence of people’s consciousness.
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of the Command Center of Integrated Natural Resources Survey Center(KC20230002)the China Geological Survey Project(DD20230471,DD20220855 and DD20243282)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41872100)the National Key R&D Plan(2022YFC2903402)。
文摘Black soil is essential for maintaining regional food security and promoting global agricultural production.Understanding the weathering process of parent material and the accumulation of organic carbon is crucial to comprehending the developmental history and future trends of black soil,especially against the background of large-scale global cultivation and climate change.Although the importance of black soil formation and evolution cannot be ignored,the relevant research is still very scarce.In this study,a typical eight-meter-deep soil core was collected from the Keshan area of the Songnen Plain,Northeast China,where surface black soil developed on paleo-sediments.Using^(14)C dating,the formation age of the black soil was determined.Based on the characteristics of the geochemical composition,grain size and the magnetic susceptibility of the sediments,it was demonstrated that the black soil and its parent material originated from reworked loess.Furthermore,the mass transfer coefficient(τ)of some elements was determined,in order to explore the soil weathering process.By calculating the transported amount of alkaline and alkaline-earth elements,the weathering rate of parent material to black soil was found to be weak,at 0.16 kEq·ha^(-1)·year^(-1).Combining the results of dating and carbon density in the different layers of black soil,the accumulation rate of organic carbon was determined as follows:rapidly increasing in the initial period of 13.2-2.2 ka,reaching its maximum average value of 34.0 g·cm^(-2)·a^(-1)at 2.2-0.8 ka,then showing a decreasing trend with an average value of-77.5 g·cm^(-2)·a^(-1).Compared with regional climate change,Keshan black soil has developed under a colder and wetter climate during the Holocene.Predictably,ongoing global warming may lead to the degradation of black soils in the Songnen Plain,as well as in other regions.Our results will enrich geological knowledge of black soil formation and future evolutionary trends.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDB26000000National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41888101,No.42072209Geological Survey Projects of China,No.DD20189629,No.DD20190370。
文摘The historicity of China's first state-level government(the Xia Dynasty),during which a Great Flood is claimed to have swept through the core of northern China,remains a well-known yet unresolved issue.Archaeologists hypothesize a connection between the legendary events of the Xia Dynasty and archaeological discoveries in the Central China Plains cultural area,encompassing late Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures such as Henan's Longshan,Xinzhai,Erlitou,and Erligang.The authenticity of these speculations has been challenging to substantiate due to the lack of systematic evidence for the Great Flood in the middle to lower Yellow River(YR)Basin.In this paper,we present high-resolution hydrological environmental proxy data,sedimentological remains,and paleontological evidence from the central North China Plain.Our findings provide isochronous evidence of the termination of a hundred-year-long flood period dated to approximately 2080±216 BC,consistent with the observations from lower YR flood plain and marginal marine sediments.These findings both spatially and temporally overlap with the framework of the Great Flood described in the Chinese classics.The alignment between the geoscientific and archaeological evidence and the information in the Chinese classics provides robust confirmation that the Great Flood occurred in the middle to lower YR region during the late Longshan era.
文摘近日,华中科技大学2023级博士研究生周一帆(导师肖江教授)的论文“Plain DAG:A Low-Latency Asynchronous DAG BFT Protocol with Best-Effort Broadcast”被期刊《IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (TIFS)》录用。当前,基于有向无环图(Directed Acyclic Graph,DAG)的异步拜占庭容错共识协议(Byzantine Fault Tolerance,BFT)因其高吞吐量和高鲁棒性而备受关注,但其依赖的可靠广播(Reliable Broadcast,RBC)等复杂通信原语通常需要3轮通信,导致共识延迟较高。为解决这一核心挑战,该论文提出了Plain DAG,一种基于最简化的最大努力广播(Best-Effort Broadcast,BBC)的低延迟异步DAG BFT协议。
文摘Teso subregion in Eastern Uganda is a leading production hub for citrus in Uganda. However, information on fruit quality profile of the three major varieties (Hamlin, Valencia and Washington navel) grown in this region was limited and/or unreported, partly resulting in their limited use for industrial processing. The current study sought to understand the seasonal quality profile of these varieties during the wet and dry seasons for the years 2019, 2022 and 2023. The study was conducted with farmers in the districts of Kumi, Ngora, Soroti and Kalaki. Mature green oranges were periodically harvested and analysed for physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the quality of oranges varied depending on the season at harvest and the variety with significant differences (p ≤ 0.05). Mean weight per fruit was highest in wet season Washington navel (277.5 g) and lowest in dry season Hamlin (149.3 g). Similarly, fruit size varied in the wet season where Washington navel (81.2 mm) had the biggest fruits while dry season Hamlin were smallest (66.6 mm). Dry season Washington navel had had the thickest peel (7.9 mm). Valencia from the wet season had the highest juice content (36.9%) compared to Washington navel (26.5%) from the dry season with the lowest. Titratable acidity was higher in the dry season Valencia (0.9%) compared to the wet season Washington navel and Hamlin (0.3%). Similarly, Total soluble solids (TSS) was higher in the dry season (Washington navel, 10.1 ˚Brix) in contrast to the wet season (Hamlin and Valencia, 7.7 ˚Brix). Valencia had the lowest pH (3.1) however, pH did not vary significantly between season for each variety except for Hamlin. Vitamin C content was higher during the dry season led by Valencia (57.6 mg/100g) and Hamlin (57.4 mg/100g). Sugar to acid ratio was highest during the wet season (Washington navel, 41.5) and lowest in the dry season (Valencia, 17.1). Overall, dry season fruits and more especially Valencia showed versatility in meeting most of the quality requirements for both industrial juice processing and the fresh market. However, there is need to improve the available orange varieties with regard to juice content and optimal sugar: acid ratio regardless of season.
文摘Population growth leads to increased utilization of water resources.One of these resources is groundwater,which has steadily declined each year.The depletion of these resources brings about various environmental challenges.The present study aimed to explore the relationship between groundwater fluctuations and land subsidence in the Malayer Plain,Iran,focusing on quantifying subsidence resulting from groundwater extraction.Using Sentinel-1 satellite data(2014–2019)and monthly piezometric measurements(1996–2018),the analysis revealed an average deformation velocity of–6.3 cm yr–1,with accumulated subsidence of–32 cm over the 2014–2019 period.The maximum subsidence rate reached 10.3 cm yr–1 in areas of intensive agricultural activity.A wavelet-PCA spatiotemporal analysis of groundwater fluctuations identified critical multi-scale patterns strongly correlated with subsidence trends.Regression analysis between subsidence rates and groundwater fluctuations at various wavelet decomposition levels explained 75%of the variance(R2=0.75),indicating that intermediate-scale groundwater declines were the primary drivers of subsidence.Furthermore,land use analysis using Landsat data(1999–2021)revealed a 6230-ha increase in irrigated farmland,contributing to heightened groundwater extraction and subsidence rates.These findings highlight the critical need for sustainable groundwater management to mitigate the risks of continued subsidence in the region.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 42264004the Open Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory under Grant 230100018the Guangxi Universities'1000 Young and Middleaged Backbone Teachers Training Program。
文摘The early excessive groundwater exploitation caused extensive land subsidence in the Hangjiahu Plain(HJHP),threatening geological stability and infrastructure.Government restrictions on groundwater exploitation led to considerable changes in surface subsidence.To explore the distribution and causes of surface deformation after restrictions on groundwater exploitation,we used 46 Sentinel-1A TOPS images to detect the spatiotemporal distribution of surface deformation in the HJHP area from January 2019 to October 2022 by SBAS-InSAR technique and verified it with leveling results.Results indicated the following:(1)The uneven surface subsidence in the HJHP was relatively apparent,with the localized subsidence concentrated in a few areas.During InSAR monitoring,the maximum subsidence velocity reached-21.0 mm/yr.The most severe subsidence area was in the Shengze town industrial park,with remarkable subsidence bowls and a maximum subsidence of-85.8 mm.(2)Results were verified by comparing the InSAR results with leveling,and the results were in good agreement,indicating the reliability of the InSAR results.(3)Comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of surface subsidence,geological data and rainfall changes revealed that fault activity and rainfall changes had varying degrees of effect on surface subsidence in the HJHP area.(4)The comparison with land use data indicated that the built area was the dominant mechanism of surface subsidence in the study area.In addition,the effect of industrial activities on the surface cannot be ignored.The study results provide scientific data support for emergency disaster prevention work in the HJHP.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFF0802501)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2022416)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(No.2022JQ-267)the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology(No.SKLLQG2335).
文摘The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze pollution.To effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction measures.In this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020.To precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario simulations.By comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to 2020.This highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast Plain.Moreover,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological conditions.Notably,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia(Grant No.KFU241778).
文摘Tunisia’s coastal alluvial plains are fragile areas exposed to occasional disturbances(including storms,submersion,and floods)and serious imbalances,such as rising sea level,erosion,and salinisation of soils.Their sensitivity tends to increase under the impact of strong anthropogenic pressures:population growth,rapid urbanisation,and concentration of economic activities.With the acceleration of climate change and the associated rise in sea level,these areas are facing a new challenge.At the interface between land and sea,scattered across these coastal alluvial plains are wetlands that are predisposed to marine submersion due to a combination of factors.Diachronic analysis of cartographic documents has made it possible to produce geodynamic maps.These were used in the current study to assess sea level rise and flooding,as well as their impact on the future development of coastal alluvial plains,particularly during exceptional weather and sea conditions.The findings show that a poor understanding of the mechanisms specific to these environments has often resulted in short-sighted sectoral approaches to land use planning.Sabkhas and lagoons alone account for more than half of all submerged areas.Coastal wetland ecosystems will be threatened by changes in living conditions,as the rather saline biocenosis will be transformed into a euryhaline lagoon biocenosis.
基金support received from the National Major Special Project titled“Exploration and Evaluation of Deep Geothermal Energy in Key Regions”(Project No.2024ZD1003600)the Science and Technology Department of Sinopec(Project No.JP24071).
文摘The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain is among the regions in China that feature the largest scale and the fastest growth in medium and deep geothermal heating.Based on tests of 82 geothermal fluid samples from 7 geothermal fields in Hebei Province,2 geothermal fields in Henan Province,and 2 geothermal fields in Shandong Province,and combined with previous studies on the chemical characteristics of karst geothermal water in Beijing and Tianjin,this paper systematically analyzes the migration characteristics of geothermal fluids in karst geothermal reservoirs within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain.The hydrochemical characteristics of karst geothermal water in the research areas exhibit certain differences.The geothermal water in Hebei is more mature than that in its neighboring provinces.The distribution of total dissolved solids(TDS)and strontium elements in the area is characterized by being low in the north and south and high in the middle,suggesting that the overall flow direction of geothermal fluid is from the north and south towards the middle.Combined with the groundwater flow field and the changing trend of the hydrochemical characteristics of geothermal wells along the geological section,a geothermal water migration model has been established.The geothermal fluids originating from Taihang Mountain,Yanshan Mountain,and Western Shandong Mountain enter the basin and continue to migrate towards the central part of the basin along water-conducting faults.However,the migration characteristics of geothermal fluids with the same supply direction are not identical.The geothermal fluids from Taihang Mountain are cut off by the Niudong Fault in the north and terminate in the central uplift belt of the Jizhong Depression,while in the south,they enter the east of the Jizhong Depression relatively quickly along the Hengshui Conversion Belt.The geothermal fluids from Yanshan Mountain migrate into the basin along the Cangdong Fault,yet this fault also disrupts the hydraulic connection between the tectonic units.Considering the effective dynamic conditions,it is recommended to further expand the scale of the scientific development and utilization of geothermal energy in the geothermal water catchment areas around Xiongxian County and southwest Cangzhou City.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41905016)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024SF-YBXM-583)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2021ZDLSF-05-07)the National Key Research and Development Plan of China(No.2017YFC0212206).
文摘Understanding the variations and potential source of air pollution is essential for implementing targeted mitigation actions.However,the distribution and long-term trends of Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)and its components over the Fenwei Plain(FWP)have not been thoroughly investigated.Furthermore,the potential source contribution of AOD loading is still unclear.Thus,maximum synthesis and Mann-Kendall trend(MK)test with Sen's Slope methods are employed to reveal the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of AOD over the FWP.The Potential Source Contribution Function(PSCF)model was applied to analyze the potential source contribution of AOD over the FWP.Results demonstrated that the AOD in spatial pattern exhibited consistency with the topography.AOD over the FWP fluctuated annually from 2000 to 2020,with an increase in the previous decade followed by a gradual decline after 2011.There was a significant monthly variation in AOD with higher values in August(0.47±0.21)and lower in November(0.29±0.12).A positive AOD trend was confirmed from 2000 to 2010 yet a negative trend is identified from 2011 to 2020.The sulfate aerosol(AODSU)exhibited an increasing trend over an extended period.Clear-sky radiation shows a negative trend at the surface and the top of the atmosphere(TOA)from 2000 to 2010,which is consistent with the trend in AOD.The AOD in FWP was primarily influenced by local emissions,with contributions from northern and northwestern sources.This research offers an enhanced overarching comprehension of the distribution and regional climate effects of aerosols over the FWP.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12172179,11802141 and U2341244)National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(Grant No.12202207)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M711623)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220968)Open Funds for Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering(Ningbo University),Ministry of Education(Grant No.CJ202201)Open Funds for Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(Grant No.22kfgk03)。
文摘Aramid fibers,due to their relatively high inter-yarn friction,high strength,high modulus,and other characteristics,have become a typical representative of flexible anti-ballistic materials in modern warfare.Current research on the anti-penetration of aramid fabrics mostly focuses unilaterally on the structure and performance of aramid fabrics or the shape and size of projectiles,with fewer studies on the coupled effect of both on ballistic performance.This study analyzes how the coupling relationship(or size effect)between the projectile and fiber bundle dimensions affects the fabric ballistic performance from a mesoscopic scale perspective.Taking plain weave aramid fabric as the research object,considering different diameter projectiles,through a large number of ballistic impact tests and numerical simulations,parameters such as ballistic limit velocity,average energy absorption of fabric,and specific energy absorption ratio(average energy absorption of fabric divided by projectile cross-sectional area)are obtained for ballistic performance analysis.The influence law of projectile size on the ballistic performance of high-performance fabrics is as follows:The relative range of fitted ballistic limit velocity at different target positions gradually decreases and then stabilizes as the projectile diameter increases,indicating that the fabric structure effect gradually disappears at a projectile diameter of 12 mm;The average ballistic limit velocity at three impact positions,P1,P2,and P3,provides the corresponding ballistic limit velocity for 1000D aramid fabric,which increases with projectile diameter but the rate of increase slows down at an inflection point,which in this study occurs where the fabric structure effect nearly disappears at a projectile diameter of 12 mm;The energy absorption ratio increases and then decreases as the projectile diameter increases from 4 mm to 20 mm,reaching a peak at the diameter of 12 mm due to the gradual disappearance of the fabric structural effect.The projectile diameter of 12 mm corresponds to the coupling size of 11.159,which provides a size design reference for the macroscopic-based continuum models of aramid plain weave fabrics.
文摘This article takes the theory of power space as an starting point for an in-depth comparison of the clan hall in White Deer Plains and the scaffold in The Scarlet Letter.In White Deer Plains,The clan hall,as the core place of family activities,has a spatial layout that implies a hierarchy of power,and the taboos it represents relate to various aspects such as marriage and bloodline,and maintains the order of the clan through a variety of disciplinary mechanisms.The scaffold in The Scarlet Letter is located in the town’s central square and is a symbol of Puritan social power and moral discipline,behind which Puritan taboos influence people’s behaviors and public punishments are used to achieve the discipline of the people.The research reveals the similarities and differences between the two in terms of sources of power,modes of operation and influence,and opens up new horizons for cross-cultural literary studies.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technologfunded by the Deshe Institute(Order Number 17-7480430).
文摘The loess plains cover approximately 2000.00 km2 of the northern Negev Desert,accounting for about 9%of Israel's total land area.As elsewhere,the loess in the Negev Desert is composed of wind-transported dust and sand particles that have been deposited in sink sites.The loess deposits are characteristically covered by biocrusts,which constitute a substantial share of the region's primary productivity.The biocrusts regulate the vascular vegetation communities,including herbaceous and woody plants,many of which are endemic and/or endangered plant species.Throughout history,the region's main land-uses have been based on extensive livestock grazing and runoff-harvesting agriculture,which both still exist to some extent.These land-uses did not challenge the sustainability of the geo-ecosystems over centuries and millennia.At present,predominant land-uses include intensive rangelands(1016.81 km2,encompassing 51%of the loess plains'area),croplands(encompassing both rainfed and irrigated cropping systems:930.92 km2,47%of the loess plains'area),and afforestation lands(158.75 km2).These current land-uses impose substantial challenges to the functioning of the loess plains.Further,urban and rural settlements have expanded considerably in the last decades(158.45 km2),accompanied by mass construction of infrastructures.Altogether,these new land-uses have caused widespread soil erosion,soil structure deformation,depletion of soil organic carbon,environmental contamination,native vegetation removal,invasion of plant species,and habitat fragmentation.Recent climate change has intensified these stressors,exacerbating adverse impacts and forming feedback loops that intensify land degradation and desertification.The declining ecosystem functioning over recent decades emphasizes the urgent need for passive and active restoration schemes.While some of these efforts have proven to be successful,other have failed.Therefore,proactive policy making and environmental legislation are needed to plan and develop schemes aimed at halting land degradation,while simultaneously maximizing nature conservation and restoration of degraded lands across the loess plains.Such actions are expected to increase the regions'capacity for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
基金Supported by Open Project of Henan Key Laboratory of Research for Central Plains Ancient Ceramics in 2018(ZYGTCXN2018-05).
文摘As one of the core visual symbols of Chinese traditional culture,the communication history of auspicious cloud patterns on Central Plains ancient ceramics has great significance.Its contemporary value can be summarized into four aspects,namely the carrier of cultural inheritance and national identity,the innovative resources of modern design,the media of international cultural exchange and the enlightenment of ecological philosophy.
基金Under the auspices of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFD1500501)the Innovation Team Project of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2023CXTD02)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41971066)the Key Laboratory Foundation of Mollisols Agroecology(No.2020ZKHT-03)the High Tech Fund Project of S&T Cooperation between Jilin Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2022SYHZ0018)。
文摘Water scarcity and soil salinization pose significant challenges to agriculture in the West Liaohe Plain,eastern Inner Mongolia,China.Shallow-buried drip irrigation can improve soil water use efficiency to alleviate water shortage in agriculture and the application of lignite humic acid reduces the adverse effects of soil salinization.However,further research is needed to investigate the effects of different application rates of lignite humic acid and humic acid-based combined amendment on soil physicochemical properties,nutrient contents,and crop yield in saline-sodic farmlands under shallow-buried drip irrigation.A two-year field experiment was conducted with control without any amendment(CK),three treatments amended with 3 t/ha(H1),6 t/ha(H2),and 12 t/ha(H3)lignite humic acid,and three application rates with 15 t/ha(T1),22.5 t/ha(T2),and 30 t/ha(T3)lignite humic acid-based combined amendment in 2021 and2022.The results showed that H3 reduced soil bulk density,p H,electrical conductivity,and total alkalinity,while increasing the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and available potassium in the two-year experiment.Moreover,the maize yield in H3 increased by an average of 35.5%.T2 decreased soil bulk density,p H,total alkalinity,and increased maize yield by 16.2%,compared to the first year.These results suggest that T2 consistently improved both soil quality and crop yield.Correlation analyses showed that lignite humic acid and its complexes promote maize growth and increase yield by increasing soil organic matter and total nitrogen while reducing soil salinity and total alkalinity.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the field data and the results of the comprehensive evaluation of soil quality,it was determined that the appropriate improvement measures for saline-sodic farmlands under shallow-buried drip irrigation are the application of 12 t/ha of lignite humic acid and 22.5 t/ha of lignite humic acid-based combined amendment.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of lignite humic acid and its combined amendment in mitigating the constraints of saline-sodic farmlands and enhancing crop yields,providing a sustainable solution for improving saline-sodic farmlands in the West Liaohe Plain.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42371189)Central University Basic Research Fund of China(No.24ZYYB017)。
文摘Intercity mobility lays the foundation for capital flow,information flow,and knowledge flow,etc.,and is important for promoting regional integration.Although many scholars have studied intercity mobility in extensive well-developed urban agglomerations,few studies have examined the characteristics of intercity mobility at the county level and its impact on regionalization in western China.This study takes the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration(GPUA)as a case to study the geographical law of intercity mobility and then explore its impact on regionalization.The results obtained show that intercity mobility network exhibits a hub and spoke patterns focusing on major municipal districts at the county level.We also found a corridor effect that counties with higher travel volumes are mostly located along the trunk high speed railway(HSR)lines.Unlike previous studies,the distribution of intercity mobility is more concentrated than that of population and exhibits a super-linear behavior rule.There are the differences in gravity law for overall trips,weekday trips,weekend trips,and holiday trips.With the decrease of travel duration,the effect of attraction of destination is weakening,but the influence of distance decay is increasing.Finally,the spatial organization is still administrative-centric and is dominated by intraprefecture and intra-provincial development.Moreover,the coupled degree between network-based regionalization and attribute-based regionalization shows a decreasing trend from administrative via cultural to physical factors.These findings enrich the research on the intercity mobility and the regionalization in inland developing urban agglomerations.
基金Major Program of National Fund of Philosophy and Social Science of China(24&ZD148).
文摘China is one of the countries with the longest history in the world.The protection and development of historical and cultural resources is an issue worthy of attention in the fields of economic geography and urban-rural planning at the present stage.This study takes the Zhongyuan Urban Agglomeration,which is rich in historical and cultural heritage,as a specific case,analyzes the characteristics of the spatial-temporal distribution pattern of its historical and cultural resources.The results show that the distribution structure of historical and cultural element resources within the Zhongyuan Urban Agglomeration presents significant regional agglomeration and combination characteristics.In response to the analysis results,the study formulates an optimization strategy for the regional development pattern supported by the protection and development of historical and cultural resources,and initially proposes a matching spatial development pattern plan and policy recommendations for coordinated development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42307139)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0760200)。
文摘Water-soluble organic aerosol(WSOA)plays a significant role in air quality and human health.Here we characterized the chemical properties and molecular compositions of WSOA at a rural site in North China Plain during winter using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and electrospray ionization high-resolution orbitrap mass spectrometer(ESI-HRMS).Our results show that the mass concentration of WSOA was significantly higher than that observed in Beijing in winter 2020,contributing about 56%of OA on average.CHO compounds(56%-74%)and CHN compounds(66%-80%)dominated in negative mode and positive mode,respectively,while CHON accounted for 15%-41%across both modes.The chemical characteristics of WSOA varied with polluted levels and between day and night.As pollution intensified,the abundance of CHO-compounds with condensed aromatics increased by 9%and the number of highly oxygenated molecules(HOMs)molecular formula detected in server haze was more than double that of clean days.CHO-compounds with ten carbon atoms(C_(10))were more abundant at night while those with nine carbon atoms(C_(9))were higher during the day.High levels of CHN+compounds were linked to nighttime biomass burning,whereas CHON compounds were more abundant during the day.Increased pollution also led to the formation of more complex CHON-compounds,indicating that organonitrates continue to play a significant role in rural pollution.
文摘CHINA Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve Located along the northern edge of the Taklimakan Desert in Xinjiang,the Tarim Populus Euphratica National Nature Reserve lies in the middle reaches of the Tarim River-the longest inland river in China-within Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture.Established in 1983 and upgraded to a national reserve in 2006,it covers an area of about 395,420 hectares,including a core,bu!er,and experimental zone.The reserve features alluvial plains and desert terrain,with elevations ranging from 800 to 940 metres.The landscape consists of river floodplains,ancient riverbeds,and oasis margins,forming a remarkable ecological mosaic shaped by the Tarim River and its tributaries.The region experiences a typical temperate continental desert climate-dry,hot,and windy with scarce rainfall.
