The present study examined the effect of alkali extraction on pit membranes （PMs） and liquid uptake of four conifers. Af- ter alkali extraction, the deposits around the PMs almost dissolved in Cunninghamia lanceolat...The present study examined the effect of alkali extraction on pit membranes （PMs） and liquid uptake of four conifers. Af- ter alkali extraction, the deposits around the PMs almost dissolved in Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook. and Cryptomeriajaponica D. Don wood which showed good liquid uptake. In contrast, in Larix leptolepis Gordon and Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco, although the tori adhered strongly to the pit aperture preventing liquid transportation, the liquid uptake of the woods improved markedly. More- over, the combined treatment of alkali extraction-transverse compression had no synergistic effect in improving liquid uptake. These results demonstrate that alkali extraction is effective in improving the liquid uptake of wood.展开更多
Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes destructive kiwifruit bacterial canker by invading vascular tissues across multiple plant organs.However,the cellular mechanism underlying its systemic transmission and ce...Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes destructive kiwifruit bacterial canker by invading vascular tissues across multiple plant organs.However,the cellular mechanism underlying its systemic transmission and cell-to-cell movement within these specialized vascular conduits remains unclear.In this study,a Psa-GFP strain and various microscopic techniques were used to investigate the interaction between kiwifruit and Psa.Our results reveal that Psa strategically exploits host vascular conduits for systemic movement,with the xylem vessel being the predominant avenue.In the phloem,Psa exhibits adaptive alteration in bacterial shape to traverse sieve pores,facilitating its systemic spread along sieve tubes and inducing phloem necrosis.Within the xylem,Psa breaches pit membranes to migrate between adjacent vessels.Furthermore,phloem fibers act as an initial barrier at the early stages of infection,delaying Psa's entry into vascular tissues during its journey to the xylem.Additionally,at the junctions of stem-stem or stem-leaf,branch trace or leaf trace mediates the bacterial organ-to-organ translocation,thus facilitating the systemic progression of disease.In conclusion,our findings shed light on the cellular mechanism employed by Psa to exploit the woody plant's vascular network for infection,thereby enhancing a better understanding of the biology of this poorly defined bacterium.These insights carry implications for the pathogenesis of Psa and other vascular pathogens,offering theoretical guidance for effective control strategies.展开更多
基金supported by the Mission Project Fund,provided by the Center for Exploratory Research on Humanosphere,Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere,Kyoto University,Japan
文摘The present study examined the effect of alkali extraction on pit membranes （PMs） and liquid uptake of four conifers. Af- ter alkali extraction, the deposits around the PMs almost dissolved in Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook. and Cryptomeriajaponica D. Don wood which showed good liquid uptake. In contrast, in Larix leptolepis Gordon and Pseudotsuga menziesii Franco, although the tori adhered strongly to the pit aperture preventing liquid transportation, the liquid uptake of the woods improved markedly. More- over, the combined treatment of alkali extraction-transverse compression had no synergistic effect in improving liquid uptake. These results demonstrate that alkali extraction is effective in improving the liquid uptake of wood.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFD1400200)the Special Support Plan for High-Level Talent of Shaanxi Provincethe First-Class Universities and Academic Programs of Northwest A&F University.
文摘Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae(Psa)causes destructive kiwifruit bacterial canker by invading vascular tissues across multiple plant organs.However,the cellular mechanism underlying its systemic transmission and cell-to-cell movement within these specialized vascular conduits remains unclear.In this study,a Psa-GFP strain and various microscopic techniques were used to investigate the interaction between kiwifruit and Psa.Our results reveal that Psa strategically exploits host vascular conduits for systemic movement,with the xylem vessel being the predominant avenue.In the phloem,Psa exhibits adaptive alteration in bacterial shape to traverse sieve pores,facilitating its systemic spread along sieve tubes and inducing phloem necrosis.Within the xylem,Psa breaches pit membranes to migrate between adjacent vessels.Furthermore,phloem fibers act as an initial barrier at the early stages of infection,delaying Psa's entry into vascular tissues during its journey to the xylem.Additionally,at the junctions of stem-stem or stem-leaf,branch trace or leaf trace mediates the bacterial organ-to-organ translocation,thus facilitating the systemic progression of disease.In conclusion,our findings shed light on the cellular mechanism employed by Psa to exploit the woody plant's vascular network for infection,thereby enhancing a better understanding of the biology of this poorly defined bacterium.These insights carry implications for the pathogenesis of Psa and other vascular pathogens,offering theoretical guidance for effective control strategies.
