Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In...Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In this study,a machine learning(ML)-assisted weak vibration design method under harsh environmental excitations is proposed.The dynamic model of a typical pipe is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to determine its vibrational characteristics.With the harsh vibration environments as the preserved frequency band(PFB),the safety design is defined by comparing the natural frequency with the PFB.By analyzing the safety design of pipes with different constraint parameters,the dataset of the absolute safety length and the absolute resonance length of the pipe is obtained.This dataset is then utilized to develop genetic programming(GP)algorithm-based ML models capable of producing explicit mathematical expressions of the pipe's absolute safety length and absolute resonance length with the location,stiffness,and total number of retaining clips as design variables.The proposed ML models effectively bridge the dataset with the prediction results.Thus,the ML model is utilized to stagger the natural frequency,and the PFB is utilized to achieve the weak vibration design.The findings of the present study provide valuable insights into the practical application of weak vibration design.展开更多
Laying head is a high-precision engineering device in hot-rolled high speed wire rod production line. Previously research works are focused on the laying pipe wear-resisting. Laying pipe curve design method based on w...Laying head is a high-precision engineering device in hot-rolled high speed wire rod production line. Previously research works are focused on the laying pipe wear-resisting. Laying pipe curve design method based on wire rod kinematics and dynamics analyses are not reported before. In order to design and manufacture the laying pipe, the motion and force process of the wire rod in the laying pipe should be studied. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to investigate the force modeling for hot-rolled wire rod in laying pipe. An idea of limited element method is used to analysis and calculates the forces between laying pipe inner surface and wire rod. The design requirements of laying pipe curve for manufacturing are discussed. The kinematics and dynamics modeling for numerical calculation are built. A laying pipe curve equation is proposed by discussing design boundary conditions. Numerical results with di erent laying pipe curves design parameters are plotted and compared. The proposed approach performs good result which can be applied for laying pipe curve design and analysis for engineering application.展开更多
Satellite＇s thermal control subsystem （TCS） has to maintain components and structure within their specified temperature limits during satellite service life. TCS designers have to face the challenge of reducing bot...Satellite＇s thermal control subsystem （TCS） has to maintain components and structure within their specified temperature limits during satellite service life. TCS designers have to face the challenge of reducing both the weight of the system and required heater power while keeping components temperature within their design range. For a space based heat pipe radiator system, several researchers have published different approaches to reach such goal. This paper presents a thermal design and optimization of a heat pipe radiator applied to a practical engineering design application. For this study, a prospective communication satellite payload panel with applied passive thermal control techniques was considered. The thermal passive techniques used in this design mainly include multilayer insulation （MLI） blankets, optical solar reflectors （OSR）, selected thermal coatings, interface fillers and constant conductance heat pipes. The heat pipe network is comprised of some heat pipes embedded in the panel and some mounted on inner surface of the panel. Embedded heat pipes are placed under high heat dissipation equipments and their size is fixed; minimum weight of the radiator is achieved by a minimum weight of the mounted heat pipes. Hence, size of the mounted heat pipes is optimized. A thermal model was built and parameterized for transient thermal analysis and optimization. Temperature requirements of components in both worst case conditions （Hot case and cold case） were satisfied under optimal sizing of mounted heat pipes.展开更多
NOx and soot emissions from diesel engines can be greatly reduced by pressure wave supercharging(PWS).The diesel engine matched with PWS needs redesigning its exhaust pipes.Except for meeting the installation requirem...NOx and soot emissions from diesel engines can be greatly reduced by pressure wave supercharging(PWS).The diesel engine matched with PWS needs redesigning its exhaust pipes.Except for meeting the installation requirements,the exhaust gas must be stable in pressure before rushing into PWS.In this paper the lateral and center ported divergent exhaust pipes are designed,modeled geometrically and analyzed structurally based on a 3-D design software-CATIA to determine the structure of two exhaust pipes having the required inner volume.Then flow analysis for two exhaust pipes is done using a flow analysis software-ANASYS.Moreover,the optimal exhaust pipes are determined comprehensively and cast for engine test.Engine test results show that PWS is superior to turbocharging at low engine speeds and inferior to turbocharging in power and emissions at medium-to-high engine speeds.The performance of PWS engine under high speed operating conditions can be improved by contriving larger surge volume intake and exhaust pipes.展开更多
The Beijing spectrometer Ⅲ （BESⅢ） beam pipe is in the center of the BESⅢ, which is the detector of the upgrade project of Beijing electron and positron collider （BEPC Ⅱ）. Electrons and positrons collide in the...The Beijing spectrometer Ⅲ （BESⅢ） beam pipe is in the center of the BESⅢ, which is the detector of the upgrade project of Beijing electron and positron collider （BEPC Ⅱ）. Electrons and positrons collide in the BESⅢ beam pipe. According to the demands of the BEPC Ⅱ, a key program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the BESⅢ beam pipe is designed based on the finite elements analysis. The BESIII beam pipe is installed in the inner cylinder of the BESⅢ drift chamber. As a vacuum tube, the BESIII beam pipe is designed as 1 000 mm in length, 63 mm in inner diameter and 114 mm in outer diameter, respectively. The BESIII beam pipe consists of a central beryllium pipe cooled by EDM-1, the oil No.1 for electric discharge machining, and two extended copper pipes cooled by deionized water （DW）. The three parts are jointed by vacuum welding. Factors taken into account in the design are as follows. ① The wall thickness of the central beryllium pipe should be designed as small as possible to reduce the multi-scattering and improve the particle momentum resolution. And the wall thickness of the extended copper pipe should be designed as large as possible to protect the detectors from the backgrounds. ②The BESⅢ beam pipe must be sufficiently cooled to avoid the damage and prevents its influence to the BESⅢ drift chamber （DC） operation. The inner surface temperature of the DC inner cylinder must be maintained at 293±2 K. ③ The magnetic permeability of the materials used in the BESⅢ beam pipe must be less than 1.05 H/m to avoid large magnetic field distortions. ④ The static pressure of the vacuum chamber of the BESⅢ beam pipe must be less than 800 μPa. The simulating results show that the designed structure of the BESⅢ beam pipe satisfies the requirements mentioned above. The structure design scheme is evaluated and adonted hv the headouarters of BEPCⅡ.展开更多
Combining real accelerating genetic algorithm(RAGA) with the optimization design of multi-hole and varied diameter pipe, the authors solved the problem of optimizing multi-dimensional parameters at the same time. In w...Combining real accelerating genetic algorithm(RAGA) with the optimization design of multi-hole and varied diameter pipe, the authors solved the problem of optimizing multi-dimensional parameters at the same time. In which the advanced convergence and easily to run into partial optimization were avoid. Applied the RAGA to solving the problem in the optimization design of fixed piping sprinkler irrigation system. The optimized parameters, such as diameters and the length of pipe were calculated and the result was reasonable, which provides as a reference to readers who work at related research.展开更多
Most of the important units of pressure equipment have been manufactured successfully in China related to the national key construction projects,such as 10 million tons/year oil refinery,million tons/year ethylene,lar...Most of the important units of pressure equipment have been manufactured successfully in China related to the national key construction projects,such as 10 million tons/year oil refinery,million tons/year ethylene,large coal chemical,etc.However,some of them failed to operate shortly after their putting into service.Some suffered severe damage even during the previous period of manufacture and installation.In this paper,cases of accident survey and failure analysis are given for some typical pressure vessels.It is found that many accidents are related to insufficient consideration of the design and manufacture of the equipment.These accidents occur fundamentally because of the Chinese design standards codes for pressure equipment without risk or life concepts and the support from a database for potential risk existing in their dynamic service.Most designers and manufacturers are unable to make correct design,materials selection and manufacturing process all due to a lack of engineering experience.In order to avoid the repetition of the accidents and improve the safety,reliability and economy of pressure equipment,a platform is suggested for design,manufacture and maintenance of pressure equipment in China based on accidents survey.In other words,some effective precautionary measures are taken at the design and manufacture stage,and the design methodology has to be based on service life requirement and desirable risk level.At the service stage some reasonable inspection/monitoring approaches should be utilized to control risks and ensure the equipment operating safely until its desired lifespan.Finally,the basic scheme and some key technologies are briefly given for the platform construction.The concept of risk and life based design,manufacture and maintenance proposed herein has important significance for improving and perfecting the codes and standards for design,manufacture and maintenance of Chinese pressure-bearing equipment,enhancing the life and reliability of Chinese pressure-bearing equipment and promoting the development of in-service maintenance technology that combines safety and economy.展开更多
An intelligent design software system for the power station pipe-prefabrication (PPDS) has been developed in the paper,which is taking pipe material database as core and developed on the platform of AutoCAD and Borlan...An intelligent design software system for the power station pipe-prefabrication (PPDS) has been developed in the paper,which is taking pipe material database as core and developed on the platform of AutoCAD and Borland C++. Whereas design and construction of power plants in China belong to different deportments,the input and recognition problem of pipeline system disposition chart must be solved firstly for the prefabrication design.Based on AI technology,the model fast building subsystem (MFBS) was established for entering the 3-D pipeline graph data,so that the problems of reconstruction of pipeline digital model and computer identification of original 2-D design data can be solved. The optimization design scheme in the pipe-prefabrication process has been studied and also the corresponding algorithm put forward.The technique and system mentioned can effectively raise the pipe-prefabrication design quality and efficiency in the con- struction of large scale power plants,reduce the period of design and the waste of raw material.PPCADS has still offered the functions such as the construction design for pipeline prefabricated process,the detailing drawing for manufacturing pipe section and automatic generating the technical files for the completed project.展开更多
Under the background of economic development and social progress, people have a higher pursuit for the quality of life. Because of this, the construction of municipal water supply and drainage works needs to combine t...Under the background of economic development and social progress, people have a higher pursuit for the quality of life. Because of this, the construction of municipal water supply and drainage works needs to combine the development of the times and the actual needs of residents for quality control. It is necessary to know that the quality of municipal water supply and drainage projects directly affects the life experience of urban residents, so it is necessary to do a good job before construction in the planning and design stage, so as to ensure that the subsequent construction can meet the needs of urban development. Water supply and drainage is an important living system in urban development. Only by planning and designing in the early stage can it run healthily and for a long time in the subsequent use. The operation of a city cant be separated from the effective operation of infrastructure, so if you want to make the operation of a city convenient for residents lives, you need to do a good job in the design of urban water supply and drainage. Based on this, this paper explores the current design of municipal water supply and drainage, and makes scientific design and planning from various angles to ensure the operation of urban water supply and drainage and ensure the normal operation of urban infrastructure.展开更多
Standard reducer bends have structural functions of both bend and reducer pipe at the same time. However, there is a lack of strength design method in the current codes. In order to develop the strength design method ...Standard reducer bends have structural functions of both bend and reducer pipe at the same time. However, there is a lack of strength design method in the current codes. In order to develop the strength design method of the reducer bends subjected to internal pressure, analytical formulas are re-examined. Finite element analysis and stress measurements of the reducer bend are carried out. It is found that it is not appropriate to analyze the reducer bends by using thin membrane theory. The formula derived directly from circumferential stress formula of reducer bends under internal pressure is conservative, which is further verified by the finite element analysis results and it can thus be applied to piping design.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12421002)the National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.12025204)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372015)China Scholarship Council(No.202206890065)。
文摘Multi-constrained pipes conveying fluid,such as aircraft hydraulic control pipes,are susceptible to resonance fatigue in harsh vibration environments,which may lead to system failure and even catastrophic accidents.In this study,a machine learning(ML)-assisted weak vibration design method under harsh environmental excitations is proposed.The dynamic model of a typical pipe is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)to determine its vibrational characteristics.With the harsh vibration environments as the preserved frequency band(PFB),the safety design is defined by comparing the natural frequency with the PFB.By analyzing the safety design of pipes with different constraint parameters,the dataset of the absolute safety length and the absolute resonance length of the pipe is obtained.This dataset is then utilized to develop genetic programming(GP)algorithm-based ML models capable of producing explicit mathematical expressions of the pipe's absolute safety length and absolute resonance length with the location,stiffness,and total number of retaining clips as design variables.The proposed ML models effectively bridge the dataset with the prediction results.Thus,the ML model is utilized to stagger the natural frequency,and the PFB is utilized to achieve the weak vibration design.The findings of the present study provide valuable insights into the practical application of weak vibration design.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project(Grant No.2017M611184)
文摘Laying head is a high-precision engineering device in hot-rolled high speed wire rod production line. Previously research works are focused on the laying pipe wear-resisting. Laying pipe curve design method based on wire rod kinematics and dynamics analyses are not reported before. In order to design and manufacture the laying pipe, the motion and force process of the wire rod in the laying pipe should be studied. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to investigate the force modeling for hot-rolled wire rod in laying pipe. An idea of limited element method is used to analysis and calculates the forces between laying pipe inner surface and wire rod. The design requirements of laying pipe curve for manufacturing are discussed. The kinematics and dynamics modeling for numerical calculation are built. A laying pipe curve equation is proposed by discussing design boundary conditions. Numerical results with di erent laying pipe curves design parameters are plotted and compared. The proposed approach performs good result which can be applied for laying pipe curve design and analysis for engineering application.
文摘Satellite＇s thermal control subsystem （TCS） has to maintain components and structure within their specified temperature limits during satellite service life. TCS designers have to face the challenge of reducing both the weight of the system and required heater power while keeping components temperature within their design range. For a space based heat pipe radiator system, several researchers have published different approaches to reach such goal. This paper presents a thermal design and optimization of a heat pipe radiator applied to a practical engineering design application. For this study, a prospective communication satellite payload panel with applied passive thermal control techniques was considered. The thermal passive techniques used in this design mainly include multilayer insulation （MLI） blankets, optical solar reflectors （OSR）, selected thermal coatings, interface fillers and constant conductance heat pipes. The heat pipe network is comprised of some heat pipes embedded in the panel and some mounted on inner surface of the panel. Embedded heat pipes are placed under high heat dissipation equipments and their size is fixed; minimum weight of the radiator is achieved by a minimum weight of the mounted heat pipes. Hence, size of the mounted heat pipes is optimized. A thermal model was built and parameterized for transient thermal analysis and optimization. Temperature requirements of components in both worst case conditions （Hot case and cold case） were satisfied under optimal sizing of mounted heat pipes.
文摘NOx and soot emissions from diesel engines can be greatly reduced by pressure wave supercharging(PWS).The diesel engine matched with PWS needs redesigning its exhaust pipes.Except for meeting the installation requirements,the exhaust gas must be stable in pressure before rushing into PWS.In this paper the lateral and center ported divergent exhaust pipes are designed,modeled geometrically and analyzed structurally based on a 3-D design software-CATIA to determine the structure of two exhaust pipes having the required inner volume.Then flow analysis for two exhaust pipes is done using a flow analysis software-ANASYS.Moreover,the optimal exhaust pipes are determined comprehensively and cast for engine test.Engine test results show that PWS is superior to turbocharging at low engine speeds and inferior to turbocharging in power and emissions at medium-to-high engine speeds.The performance of PWS engine under high speed operating conditions can be improved by contriving larger surge volume intake and exhaust pipes.
基金Key Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KJ95T-03)
文摘The Beijing spectrometer Ⅲ （BESⅢ） beam pipe is in the center of the BESⅢ, which is the detector of the upgrade project of Beijing electron and positron collider （BEPC Ⅱ）. Electrons and positrons collide in the BESⅢ beam pipe. According to the demands of the BEPC Ⅱ, a key program of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the BESⅢ beam pipe is designed based on the finite elements analysis. The BESIII beam pipe is installed in the inner cylinder of the BESⅢ drift chamber. As a vacuum tube, the BESIII beam pipe is designed as 1 000 mm in length, 63 mm in inner diameter and 114 mm in outer diameter, respectively. The BESIII beam pipe consists of a central beryllium pipe cooled by EDM-1, the oil No.1 for electric discharge machining, and two extended copper pipes cooled by deionized water （DW）. The three parts are jointed by vacuum welding. Factors taken into account in the design are as follows. ① The wall thickness of the central beryllium pipe should be designed as small as possible to reduce the multi-scattering and improve the particle momentum resolution. And the wall thickness of the extended copper pipe should be designed as large as possible to protect the detectors from the backgrounds. ②The BESⅢ beam pipe must be sufficiently cooled to avoid the damage and prevents its influence to the BESⅢ drift chamber （DC） operation. The inner surface temperature of the DC inner cylinder must be maintained at 293±2 K. ③ The magnetic permeability of the materials used in the BESⅢ beam pipe must be less than 1.05 H/m to avoid large magnetic field distortions. ④ The static pressure of the vacuum chamber of the BESⅢ beam pipe must be less than 800 μPa. The simulating results show that the designed structure of the BESⅢ beam pipe satisfies the requirements mentioned above. The structure design scheme is evaluated and adonted hv the headouarters of BEPCⅡ.
文摘Combining real accelerating genetic algorithm(RAGA) with the optimization design of multi-hole and varied diameter pipe, the authors solved the problem of optimizing multi-dimensional parameters at the same time. In which the advanced convergence and easily to run into partial optimization were avoid. Applied the RAGA to solving the problem in the optimization design of fixed piping sprinkler irrigation system. The optimized parameters, such as diameters and the length of pipe were calculated and the result was reasonable, which provides as a reference to readers who work at related research.
基金supported by Sino-France National International Cooperation Program(Grant No.2006DFB73000)National High-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program, Grant No.2007AAO4Z430,Grant No.2009AA044802)
文摘Most of the important units of pressure equipment have been manufactured successfully in China related to the national key construction projects,such as 10 million tons/year oil refinery,million tons/year ethylene,large coal chemical,etc.However,some of them failed to operate shortly after their putting into service.Some suffered severe damage even during the previous period of manufacture and installation.In this paper,cases of accident survey and failure analysis are given for some typical pressure vessels.It is found that many accidents are related to insufficient consideration of the design and manufacture of the equipment.These accidents occur fundamentally because of the Chinese design standards codes for pressure equipment without risk or life concepts and the support from a database for potential risk existing in their dynamic service.Most designers and manufacturers are unable to make correct design,materials selection and manufacturing process all due to a lack of engineering experience.In order to avoid the repetition of the accidents and improve the safety,reliability and economy of pressure equipment,a platform is suggested for design,manufacture and maintenance of pressure equipment in China based on accidents survey.In other words,some effective precautionary measures are taken at the design and manufacture stage,and the design methodology has to be based on service life requirement and desirable risk level.At the service stage some reasonable inspection/monitoring approaches should be utilized to control risks and ensure the equipment operating safely until its desired lifespan.Finally,the basic scheme and some key technologies are briefly given for the platform construction.The concept of risk and life based design,manufacture and maintenance proposed herein has important significance for improving and perfecting the codes and standards for design,manufacture and maintenance of Chinese pressure-bearing equipment,enhancing the life and reliability of Chinese pressure-bearing equipment and promoting the development of in-service maintenance technology that combines safety and economy.
文摘An intelligent design software system for the power station pipe-prefabrication (PPDS) has been developed in the paper,which is taking pipe material database as core and developed on the platform of AutoCAD and Borland C++. Whereas design and construction of power plants in China belong to different deportments,the input and recognition problem of pipeline system disposition chart must be solved firstly for the prefabrication design.Based on AI technology,the model fast building subsystem (MFBS) was established for entering the 3-D pipeline graph data,so that the problems of reconstruction of pipeline digital model and computer identification of original 2-D design data can be solved. The optimization design scheme in the pipe-prefabrication process has been studied and also the corresponding algorithm put forward.The technique and system mentioned can effectively raise the pipe-prefabrication design quality and efficiency in the con- struction of large scale power plants,reduce the period of design and the waste of raw material.PPCADS has still offered the functions such as the construction design for pipeline prefabricated process,the detailing drawing for manufacturing pipe section and automatic generating the technical files for the completed project.
文摘Under the background of economic development and social progress, people have a higher pursuit for the quality of life. Because of this, the construction of municipal water supply and drainage works needs to combine the development of the times and the actual needs of residents for quality control. It is necessary to know that the quality of municipal water supply and drainage projects directly affects the life experience of urban residents, so it is necessary to do a good job before construction in the planning and design stage, so as to ensure that the subsequent construction can meet the needs of urban development. Water supply and drainage is an important living system in urban development. Only by planning and designing in the early stage can it run healthily and for a long time in the subsequent use. The operation of a city cant be separated from the effective operation of infrastructure, so if you want to make the operation of a city convenient for residents lives, you need to do a good job in the design of urban water supply and drainage. Based on this, this paper explores the current design of municipal water supply and drainage, and makes scientific design and planning from various angles to ensure the operation of urban water supply and drainage and ensure the normal operation of urban infrastructure.
文摘Standard reducer bends have structural functions of both bend and reducer pipe at the same time. However, there is a lack of strength design method in the current codes. In order to develop the strength design method of the reducer bends subjected to internal pressure, analytical formulas are re-examined. Finite element analysis and stress measurements of the reducer bend are carried out. It is found that it is not appropriate to analyze the reducer bends by using thin membrane theory. The formula derived directly from circumferential stress formula of reducer bends under internal pressure is conservative, which is further verified by the finite element analysis results and it can thus be applied to piping design.
