Phytosterol esters can effectively decrease serum cholesterol concentration in the human body and prevent cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.It was found that phytosterol esters exhibited better solubility and bioavailab...Phytosterol esters can effectively decrease serum cholesterol concentration in the human body and prevent cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.It was found that phytosterol esters exhibited better solubility and bioavailability than free phytosterols.In recent years,phytosterol esters have attracted increasing attention.However,during food processing,phytosterol esters are susceptible to degradation at high temperatures,resulting in certain losses and formation of potentially harmful substances for humans.This paper reviews the relevant literatures and updates on the thermal oxidation stability of phytosterol esters in recent years from the following aspects:(i)Sources,physiological activities,and applications of phytosterol esters;(ii)Oxidation mechanism of phytosterol esters;(iii)Effects of phytosterols species,the volume of addition,food matrix,heating temperature and time,and antioxidants on the thermal loss and oxidation stability of phytosterol esters.The research progress on the safety of phytosterol esters is also discussed in detail.Additionally,the prospects for future research are highlighted.展开更多
Phytosterols are a class of plant-derived steroids that possess a variety of health benefits.However,their application is limited by inadequate oil solubility and limited bioaccessibility.Consequently,numerous studies...Phytosterols are a class of plant-derived steroids that possess a variety of health benefits.However,their application is limited by inadequate oil solubility and limited bioaccessibility.Consequently,numerous studies have focused on modifying the structure of phytosterols to address these limitations.However,only the phytosterols and phytosterol esters(PEs)have been recognized for their safety in many countries and region globally.Therefore,this review focuses on the latest research progress and findings concerning the artificial preparation of PEs in the past five years.A comprehensive evaluation has been conducted by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods.Although recent evidence has revealed multiple functional properties of phytosterols,such as cholesterol-lowering,anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects,a more in-depth exploration of the mechanistic understanding of these properties is required.In particular,the review describes the significant role of phytosterols and PEs in applications such as foods,skin care products and pharmaceuticals.In the future,it is necessary to scientifically design eco-friendly and high-efficiency PE preparation methods to broaden their application and enhance their value.展开更多
目的:探讨植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用对肥胖小鼠的减肥作用。方法:饲喂高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,将肥胖小鼠按体质量分为5组(肥胖模型组、植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组、奥利司他组),每组10只,连续灌胃6周。观...目的:探讨植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用对肥胖小鼠的减肥作用。方法:饲喂高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,将肥胖小鼠按体质量分为5组(肥胖模型组、植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组、奥利司他组),每组10只,连续灌胃6周。观察药物干预后小鼠体质量、摄食量、肥胖指数(Lee’s指数)、脂肪系数,血清总胆固醇(total cholestetol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)水平,脂肪细胞数量和大小、肝脏病变的情况。结果:与肥胖模型组相比,植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组小鼠体质量分别降低5.41%、6.98%、12.50%;Lee’s指数分别降低3.41%、3.26%、6.25%;脂肪系数分别降低19.88%、27.41%、30.42%。3组血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平均低于肥胖模型组,其中植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组降幅最大,分别为21.40%、37.50%、30.43%。植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组小鼠的脂肪细胞直径变小、数量增多、肝脏脂肪性病变得到缓解。结论:植物甾醇酯和葛根素都能抑制小鼠肥胖,其中两者联合使用时减肥效果最好。展开更多
基金The authors sincerely acknowledge the financial support from the basic research project of the key scientific research projects of colleges and universities in Henan Province(21zx010).
文摘Phytosterol esters can effectively decrease serum cholesterol concentration in the human body and prevent cardio-cerebrovascular diseases.It was found that phytosterol esters exhibited better solubility and bioavailability than free phytosterols.In recent years,phytosterol esters have attracted increasing attention.However,during food processing,phytosterol esters are susceptible to degradation at high temperatures,resulting in certain losses and formation of potentially harmful substances for humans.This paper reviews the relevant literatures and updates on the thermal oxidation stability of phytosterol esters in recent years from the following aspects:(i)Sources,physiological activities,and applications of phytosterol esters;(ii)Oxidation mechanism of phytosterol esters;(iii)Effects of phytosterols species,the volume of addition,food matrix,heating temperature and time,and antioxidants on the thermal loss and oxidation stability of phytosterol esters.The research progress on the safety of phytosterol esters is also discussed in detail.Additionally,the prospects for future research are highlighted.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP622007)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province.
文摘Phytosterols are a class of plant-derived steroids that possess a variety of health benefits.However,their application is limited by inadequate oil solubility and limited bioaccessibility.Consequently,numerous studies have focused on modifying the structure of phytosterols to address these limitations.However,only the phytosterols and phytosterol esters(PEs)have been recognized for their safety in many countries and region globally.Therefore,this review focuses on the latest research progress and findings concerning the artificial preparation of PEs in the past five years.A comprehensive evaluation has been conducted by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods.Although recent evidence has revealed multiple functional properties of phytosterols,such as cholesterol-lowering,anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant effects,a more in-depth exploration of the mechanistic understanding of these properties is required.In particular,the review describes the significant role of phytosterols and PEs in applications such as foods,skin care products and pharmaceuticals.In the future,it is necessary to scientifically design eco-friendly and high-efficiency PE preparation methods to broaden their application and enhance their value.
文摘目的:探讨植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用对肥胖小鼠的减肥作用。方法:饲喂高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,将肥胖小鼠按体质量分为5组(肥胖模型组、植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组、奥利司他组),每组10只,连续灌胃6周。观察药物干预后小鼠体质量、摄食量、肥胖指数(Lee’s指数)、脂肪系数,血清总胆固醇(total cholestetol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)水平,脂肪细胞数量和大小、肝脏病变的情况。结果:与肥胖模型组相比,植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组小鼠体质量分别降低5.41%、6.98%、12.50%;Lee’s指数分别降低3.41%、3.26%、6.25%;脂肪系数分别降低19.88%、27.41%、30.42%。3组血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平均低于肥胖模型组,其中植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组降幅最大,分别为21.40%、37.50%、30.43%。植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组小鼠的脂肪细胞直径变小、数量增多、肝脏脂肪性病变得到缓解。结论:植物甾醇酯和葛根素都能抑制小鼠肥胖,其中两者联合使用时减肥效果最好。
