目的：探讨PHYSIOMED vocaSTIM-Master治疗仪不同电流强度治疗吞咽障碍的疗效观察。方法选取吞咽障碍患者90例，随机分为3组，每组各30人，3组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义。第1组患者给予治疗电流量＜3 mA ，第2组患者给予治疗...目的：探讨PHYSIOMED vocaSTIM-Master治疗仪不同电流强度治疗吞咽障碍的疗效观察。方法选取吞咽障碍患者90例，随机分为3组，每组各30人，3组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义。第1组患者给予治疗电流量＜3 mA ，第2组患者给予治疗电流量3～6 mA ，第3组患者给予治疗电流量＞6 mA。结果第1组患者有效率43.33%，第2组患者有效率96.67%，第3组患者有效率36.67%，第2组明显高于第1组和第3组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 PHYSIOMED vocaSTIM-Master治疗仪不同频率治疗吞咽障碍的效果不同，最有效的治疗量是3～6 mA。展开更多
In the last few decades,adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals have been evaluated using 2D in vitro models and animal models.However,with increasing computational power,and as the key drivers of cellular behavior have ...In the last few decades,adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals have been evaluated using 2D in vitro models and animal models.However,with increasing computational power,and as the key drivers of cellular behavior have been identified,in silico models have emerged.These models are time-efficient and cost-effective,but the prediction of adverse reactions to unknown drugs using these models requires relevant experimental input.Accordingly,the physiome concept has emerged to bridge experimental datasets with in silico models.The brain physiome describes the systemic interactions of its components,which are organized into a multilevel hierarchy.Because of the limitations in obtaining experimental data corresponding to each physiome component from 2D in vitro models and animal models,3D in vitro brain models,including brain organoids and brain-on-a-chip,have been developed.In this review,we present the concept of the brain physiome and its hierarchical organization,including cell-and tissue-level organizations.We also summarize recently developed 3D in vitro brain models and link them with the elements of the brain physiome as a guideline for dataset collection.The connection between in vitro 3D brain models and in silico modeling will lead to the establishment of cost-effective and time-efficient in silico models for the prediction of the safety of unknown drugs.展开更多
One of the major aims of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Physiome Project is to develop multiscale mathematical and computer models that can be used to help understand human health. We present...One of the major aims of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Physiome Project is to develop multiscale mathematical and computer models that can be used to help understand human health. We present here a small facet of this broad plan that applies to the gastrointestinal system. Specifically, we present an anatomically and physiologically based modelling framework that is capable of simulating normal and pathological electrical activity within the stomach and small intestine. The continuum models used within this framework have been created using anatomical information derived from common medical imaging modalities and data from the Visible Human Project. These models explicitly incorporate the various smooth muscle layers and networks of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) that are known to exist within the walls of the stomach and small bowel. Electrical activity within individual ICCs and smooth muscle cells is simulated using a previously published simplified representation of the cell level electrical activity. This simulated cell level activity is incorporated into a bidomain representation of the tissue, allowing electrical activity of the entire stomach or intestine to be simulated in the anatomically derived models. This electrical modelling framework successfully replicates many of the qualitative features of the slow wave activity within the stomach and intestine and has also been used to investigate activity associated with functional uncoupling of the stomach.展开更多
An overview of about 70-year research efforts in area of mathematical modeling of human physiology is provided.The overview has two goals:(1)to recognize the main advantages and causes of disadvantages or disappointme...An overview of about 70-year research efforts in area of mathematical modeling of human physiology is provided.The overview has two goals:(1)to recognize the main advantages and causes of disadvantages or disappointments;(2)to distinguish the most promising approach for creating future models.Until recently,efforts in the modeling of quantitative physiology were concentrated on the solving of three main types of tasks:(1)how to establish the input-output dynamic characteristics of a given isolated organ or isolated anatomical-functional system(AFS);(2)how to create a computer-based simulator of physiological complex systems(PCM)containing many organs and AFSs;and(3)how to create multi-scale models capable of simulating and explaining causalities in organs,AFSs,PCMs,and in the entire organism in terms that will allow using such models for simulating pathological scenarios(the“Physiome”project)too.The critical analysis of the modeling experience and recent physiological concepts convinced us that the platform provided by the paradigm of physiological super-systems(PPS)looks like the most promising platform for further modeling.PPS causally combines activities of specific intracellular mechanisms(self-tunable but of limited capacities)with their extracellular enhancers.The enhancement appears due to the increase of nutrients incomes toward cells affected because of low energy and inadequate chemical composition of cytoplasm.Every enhancer has its activator chemicals released by the affected cells.In fact,PPS,indicating causal relationships between cellscale and upper-scales(in organs,AFSs,PCMs)physiological activities,is the single platform for future models.They must definitely describe when and how the bottom-to-up information flows do appear and how is the organism-scale adaptation activated against destructive trends in cells.展开更多
文摘目的：探讨PHYSIOMED vocaSTIM-Master治疗仪不同电流强度治疗吞咽障碍的疗效观察。方法选取吞咽障碍患者90例，随机分为3组，每组各30人，3组患者一般资料比较，差异无统计学意义。第1组患者给予治疗电流量＜3 mA ，第2组患者给予治疗电流量3～6 mA ，第3组患者给予治疗电流量＞6 mA。结果第1组患者有效率43.33%，第2组患者有效率96.67%，第3组患者有效率36.67%，第2组明显高于第1组和第3组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 PHYSIOMED vocaSTIM-Master治疗仪不同频率治疗吞咽障碍的效果不同，最有效的治疗量是3～6 mA。
基金This work was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(grant nos.2020R1A6A3A01098991 and 2020R1A6A3A01099935)by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Korean Government(MSIT)(grant nos.2021R1A2B5B02086828,2018M3C7A1056896,and 2020M3E5D907974412)+4 种基金by a grant(grant no.20172MFDS196)funded by the Ministry of Food and Drug SafetyThe funder did not play any role in study designin the collection,analysis,and interpretation of datain the writing of the reportand in the decision to submit the article for publication.
文摘In the last few decades,adverse reactions to pharmaceuticals have been evaluated using 2D in vitro models and animal models.However,with increasing computational power,and as the key drivers of cellular behavior have been identified,in silico models have emerged.These models are time-efficient and cost-effective,but the prediction of adverse reactions to unknown drugs using these models requires relevant experimental input.Accordingly,the physiome concept has emerged to bridge experimental datasets with in silico models.The brain physiome describes the systemic interactions of its components,which are organized into a multilevel hierarchy.Because of the limitations in obtaining experimental data corresponding to each physiome component from 2D in vitro models and animal models,3D in vitro brain models,including brain organoids and brain-on-a-chip,have been developed.In this review,we present the concept of the brain physiome and its hierarchical organization,including cell-and tissue-level organizations.We also summarize recently developed 3D in vitro brain models and link them with the elements of the brain physiome as a guideline for dataset collection.The connection between in vitro 3D brain models and in silico modeling will lead to the establishment of cost-effective and time-efficient in silico models for the prediction of the safety of unknown drugs.
文摘One of the major aims of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) Physiome Project is to develop multiscale mathematical and computer models that can be used to help understand human health. We present here a small facet of this broad plan that applies to the gastrointestinal system. Specifically, we present an anatomically and physiologically based modelling framework that is capable of simulating normal and pathological electrical activity within the stomach and small intestine. The continuum models used within this framework have been created using anatomical information derived from common medical imaging modalities and data from the Visible Human Project. These models explicitly incorporate the various smooth muscle layers and networks of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) that are known to exist within the walls of the stomach and small bowel. Electrical activity within individual ICCs and smooth muscle cells is simulated using a previously published simplified representation of the cell level electrical activity. This simulated cell level activity is incorporated into a bidomain representation of the tissue, allowing electrical activity of the entire stomach or intestine to be simulated in the anatomically derived models. This electrical modelling framework successfully replicates many of the qualitative features of the slow wave activity within the stomach and intestine and has also been used to investigate activity associated with functional uncoupling of the stomach.
文摘An overview of about 70-year research efforts in area of mathematical modeling of human physiology is provided.The overview has two goals:(1)to recognize the main advantages and causes of disadvantages or disappointments;(2)to distinguish the most promising approach for creating future models.Until recently,efforts in the modeling of quantitative physiology were concentrated on the solving of three main types of tasks:(1)how to establish the input-output dynamic characteristics of a given isolated organ or isolated anatomical-functional system(AFS);(2)how to create a computer-based simulator of physiological complex systems(PCM)containing many organs and AFSs;and(3)how to create multi-scale models capable of simulating and explaining causalities in organs,AFSs,PCMs,and in the entire organism in terms that will allow using such models for simulating pathological scenarios(the“Physiome”project)too.The critical analysis of the modeling experience and recent physiological concepts convinced us that the platform provided by the paradigm of physiological super-systems(PPS)looks like the most promising platform for further modeling.PPS causally combines activities of specific intracellular mechanisms(self-tunable but of limited capacities)with their extracellular enhancers.The enhancement appears due to the increase of nutrients incomes toward cells affected because of low energy and inadequate chemical composition of cytoplasm.Every enhancer has its activator chemicals released by the affected cells.In fact,PPS,indicating causal relationships between cellscale and upper-scales(in organs,AFSs,PCMs)physiological activities,is the single platform for future models.They must definitely describe when and how the bottom-to-up information flows do appear and how is the organism-scale adaptation activated against destructive trends in cells.
