The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activit...The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.展开更多
Purpose:Current Direct Observation(DO)methods are burdensome to the observer and relevant limitations can be identified on the outcome information.This study aims to characterize DO from the observers’point of view a...Purpose:Current Direct Observation(DO)methods are burdensome to the observer and relevant limitations can be identified on the outcome information.This study aims to characterize DO from the observers’point of view and to analyze the feasibility and usefulness of visual information in the form of video.Method:data collection was done with ten adult males,observed while performing different physical activities in an indoor court.Sessions were video recorded by two cameras.Three observers performed systematic observation,using SOPLAY,with different sampling rates.Inter observer’s agreement and with reference data was analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa statistic.Results:SOPLAY highest agreement between observers was 0.611 on vigorous category and walking category had the lowest 0.188.It doubles the time needed to annotate the video with pauses,but half of player’s behavior is preserved.Conclusion(s):using video to support DO permits to collect more accurate data and a more detailed behavior categorization is warranted.Developments in computer vision are expected to reduce the human efforts in DO methods.展开更多
New media is becoming an important method to promote physical exercise,and it is also an essential factor affecting the physical exercise behavior of college students.This study takes the influence of new media sports...New media is becoming an important method to promote physical exercise,and it is also an essential factor affecting the physical exercise behavior of college students.This study takes the influence of new media sports information on college students’physical exercise behavior as the research objective.By using a questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics,545 college students in Shandong Province of China are selected as research samples.Based on the theory of new media exposure,fitness behavior theory,and self-efficacy theory,this study systematically discusses the influence and mechanism of new media exposure on the physical exercise behavior of college students in Shandong Province,so as to help college students improve their physical exercise behavior.展开更多
Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics...Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.展开更多
SCT （social cognitive theory） provides a useful framework to explain why people acquire and maintain PA （physical activity） behaviors among adolescents. This study aimed to adapt modernized Australian social cogni...SCT （social cognitive theory） provides a useful framework to explain why people acquire and maintain PA （physical activity） behaviors among adolescents. This study aimed to adapt modernized Australian social cognitive scales of PA to the Portuguese language and evaluate their factorial and convergent validity and reliability. The adapted scales were tested in an adolescent sample from low-income communities in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil （n = 173; 56.1% male）. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine model-fit for each scale. The scales were assessed against self-report measures of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for convergent validity. Reliability properties （ICC （lntra class confidence） and Cronbach＇s Alpha） were also determined. Each social cognitive scale represented a statistically sound measure： fit indices indicated each model to be adequate-to-exact fit to the data; significant correlations between most scales and either light, moderate or vigorous intensity PA behavior demonstrated good convergent validity; internal consistency was acceptable-to-good （α = 0.51-0.80）; rank order repeatability was acceptable-to-strong （ICC = 0.62-0.92）. Adapted social cognitive scales for physical activity for use among adolescents in the Brazilian context showed acceptable reliability and validity properties and may be useful to identify potential social cognitive correlates of PA, mediators of PA behavior change and the testing of theoretical models of SCT.展开更多
Controlling the flow behavior in the mold in an appropriate way is the basis for realizing the billet ultra-high speed continuous casting.Based on the new proposed physical water modeling experiment considering the ef...Controlling the flow behavior in the mold in an appropriate way is the basis for realizing the billet ultra-high speed continuous casting.Based on the new proposed physical water modeling experiment considering the effects of solidified shell and hydrostatic pressure,the flow behavior in the mold with cross section of 160 mm 9160 mm during continuous casting of billet is regulated by optimizing the inner diameters and immersion depths of submerged entry nozzle at the ultra-high casting speeds of 5.0–6.5 m/min.The results show that under the premise of no slag entrainment,as well as uniform coverage and keeping good fluidity of liquid slag layer on the top free surface of the fluid in the mold,the appropriate parameters of submerged entry nozzle under the ultra-high casting speed of billet are 50 mm in inner diameter,95 mm in outer diameter and 180 mm in immersion depth.And on the basis of the obtained parameters of submerged entry nozzle,it can be known that the reasonable ranges of level fluctuation and impacting depth of the stream in the mold are about 0.82-1.11 and 593-617 mm,respectively.展开更多
基金funded in part by the German Research Foundation(Grant reference:496846758).
文摘The ongoing revolution in information technology is reshaping human life. In the realm of health behavior, wearable technology emerges as a leading digital solution,capturing physical behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sedentary habits, sleep patterns) within the 24-h cycle of daily life. Wearables are applied in research, clinical practice, and as lifestyle devices;most obvious, they promise to be a key element for increasing human physical activity, one of the biggest health challenges nowadays.
基金This work was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT),grant SFRH/BPD/71332/2010,Pest-OE/SAU/UI0617/2011 and UIDB/50014/2020The work was also developed in the context of Project QREN 33910 ARENA,a R&D project funded by ERDF through ON2 as part of the NSRF,and managed by IAPMEI-Agência para a Competitividade e Inovação,I.P..
文摘Purpose:Current Direct Observation(DO)methods are burdensome to the observer and relevant limitations can be identified on the outcome information.This study aims to characterize DO from the observers’point of view and to analyze the feasibility and usefulness of visual information in the form of video.Method:data collection was done with ten adult males,observed while performing different physical activities in an indoor court.Sessions were video recorded by two cameras.Three observers performed systematic observation,using SOPLAY,with different sampling rates.Inter observer’s agreement and with reference data was analyzed by Cohen’s Kappa statistic.Results:SOPLAY highest agreement between observers was 0.611 on vigorous category and walking category had the lowest 0.188.It doubles the time needed to annotate the video with pauses,but half of player’s behavior is preserved.Conclusion(s):using video to support DO permits to collect more accurate data and a more detailed behavior categorization is warranted.Developments in computer vision are expected to reduce the human efforts in DO methods.
文摘New media is becoming an important method to promote physical exercise,and it is also an essential factor affecting the physical exercise behavior of college students.This study takes the influence of new media sports information on college students’physical exercise behavior as the research objective.By using a questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics,545 college students in Shandong Province of China are selected as research samples.Based on the theory of new media exposure,fitness behavior theory,and self-efficacy theory,this study systematically discusses the influence and mechanism of new media exposure on the physical exercise behavior of college students in Shandong Province,so as to help college students improve their physical exercise behavior.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171114)。
文摘Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.
文摘SCT （social cognitive theory） provides a useful framework to explain why people acquire and maintain PA （physical activity） behaviors among adolescents. This study aimed to adapt modernized Australian social cognitive scales of PA to the Portuguese language and evaluate their factorial and convergent validity and reliability. The adapted scales were tested in an adolescent sample from low-income communities in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil （n = 173; 56.1% male）. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to examine model-fit for each scale. The scales were assessed against self-report measures of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for convergent validity. Reliability properties （ICC （lntra class confidence） and Cronbach＇s Alpha） were also determined. Each social cognitive scale represented a statistically sound measure： fit indices indicated each model to be adequate-to-exact fit to the data; significant correlations between most scales and either light, moderate or vigorous intensity PA behavior demonstrated good convergent validity; internal consistency was acceptable-to-good （α = 0.51-0.80）; rank order repeatability was acceptable-to-strong （ICC = 0.62-0.92）. Adapted social cognitive scales for physical activity for use among adolescents in the Brazilian context showed acceptable reliability and validity properties and may be useful to identify potential social cognitive correlates of PA, mediators of PA behavior change and the testing of theoretical models of SCT.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.51874060 and 52074053).
文摘Controlling the flow behavior in the mold in an appropriate way is the basis for realizing the billet ultra-high speed continuous casting.Based on the new proposed physical water modeling experiment considering the effects of solidified shell and hydrostatic pressure,the flow behavior in the mold with cross section of 160 mm 9160 mm during continuous casting of billet is regulated by optimizing the inner diameters and immersion depths of submerged entry nozzle at the ultra-high casting speeds of 5.0–6.5 m/min.The results show that under the premise of no slag entrainment,as well as uniform coverage and keeping good fluidity of liquid slag layer on the top free surface of the fluid in the mold,the appropriate parameters of submerged entry nozzle under the ultra-high casting speed of billet are 50 mm in inner diameter,95 mm in outer diameter and 180 mm in immersion depth.And on the basis of the obtained parameters of submerged entry nozzle,it can be known that the reasonable ranges of level fluctuation and impacting depth of the stream in the mold are about 0.82-1.11 and 593-617 mm,respectively.
