The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases a...The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases after birth.Environmental endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have been proven to harm THs in newborns.Phthalates(PAEs),a typical class of EDCs,are commonly used in toys,childcare materials,and food contact materials,which have been closely connected with neonatal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid-related diseases.As restrictions on PAEs becomemore stringent in neonatal field,numerous PAE alternatives are emerging.Associations between exposure to PAEs and their alternatives and dysfunctions in THs have been explored.Hence,we summarized the body burdens and regional characteristics of PAEs and their alternatives in neonatal urine,cord blood,and meconium.Subsequently,the influences of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid dysfunction,prematurity,low birth weight,fetal growth restriction,respiratory dysfunction,immune disorders,neurological disorders,and reproductive disorders in newborns were evaluated.Furthermore,we scrutinized the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on the neonatal thyroid from signaling,substance transport,and hormone production to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on neonatal thyroid and thyroid-related disorders.As the declining global trends of healthy newborns and the potential impacts of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid function,a more comprehensive study is needed to discuss their effects on newborns and their underlying mechanisms.This review facilitates attention to the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid and thyroid-related disorders in newborns.展开更多
Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,inge...Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.展开更多
Phthalate esters(PAEs),recognized as endocrine disruptors,are released into the environment during usage,thereby exerting adverse ecological effects.This study investigates the occurrence,sources,and risk assessment o...Phthalate esters(PAEs),recognized as endocrine disruptors,are released into the environment during usage,thereby exerting adverse ecological effects.This study investigates the occurrence,sources,and risk assessment of PAEs in surface water obtained from 36 sampling points within the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins.The total concentration of PAEs in the Yellow River spans from124.5 to 836.5 ng/L,with Dimethyl phthalate(DMP)(75.4±102.7 ng/L)and Diisobutyl phthalate(DiBP)(263.4±103.1 ng/L)emerging as the predominant types.Concentrations exhibit a pattern of upstream(512.9±202.1 ng/L)>midstream(344.5±135.3 ng/L)>downstream(177.8±46.7 ng/L).In the Yangtze River,the total concentration ranges from 81.9 to 441.6 ng/L,with DMP(46.1±23.4 ng/L),Diethyl phthalate(DEP)(93.3±45.2 ng/L),and DiBP(174.2±67.6 ng/L)as the primary components.Concentration levels follow a midstream(324.8±107.3 ng/L)>upstream(200.8±51.8 ng/L)>downstream(165.8±71.6 ng/L)pattern.Attention should be directed towards the moderate ecological risks of DiBP in the upstream of HH,and both the upstream and midstream of CJ need consideration for the moderate ecological risks associated with Di-n-octyl phthalate(DNOP).Conversely,in other regions,the associated risk with PAEs is either low or negligible.The main source of PAEs in Yellow River is attributed to the release of construction land,while in the Yangtze River Basin,it stems from the accumulation of pollutants in lakes and forests discharged into the river.These findings are instrumental for pinpointing sources of PAEs pollution and formulating control strategies in the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers,providing valuable insights for global PAEs research in other major rivers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22225605)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3706600)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750200).
文摘The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases after birth.Environmental endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have been proven to harm THs in newborns.Phthalates(PAEs),a typical class of EDCs,are commonly used in toys,childcare materials,and food contact materials,which have been closely connected with neonatal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid-related diseases.As restrictions on PAEs becomemore stringent in neonatal field,numerous PAE alternatives are emerging.Associations between exposure to PAEs and their alternatives and dysfunctions in THs have been explored.Hence,we summarized the body burdens and regional characteristics of PAEs and their alternatives in neonatal urine,cord blood,and meconium.Subsequently,the influences of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid dysfunction,prematurity,low birth weight,fetal growth restriction,respiratory dysfunction,immune disorders,neurological disorders,and reproductive disorders in newborns were evaluated.Furthermore,we scrutinized the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on the neonatal thyroid from signaling,substance transport,and hormone production to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on neonatal thyroid and thyroid-related disorders.As the declining global trends of healthy newborns and the potential impacts of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid function,a more comprehensive study is needed to discuss their effects on newborns and their underlying mechanisms.This review facilitates attention to the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid and thyroid-related disorders in newborns.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176071)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2023A1515011879).
文摘Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2021YFC3200904 and 2022YFC3203705)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52270012 and 52070184).
文摘Phthalate esters(PAEs),recognized as endocrine disruptors,are released into the environment during usage,thereby exerting adverse ecological effects.This study investigates the occurrence,sources,and risk assessment of PAEs in surface water obtained from 36 sampling points within the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins.The total concentration of PAEs in the Yellow River spans from124.5 to 836.5 ng/L,with Dimethyl phthalate(DMP)(75.4±102.7 ng/L)and Diisobutyl phthalate(DiBP)(263.4±103.1 ng/L)emerging as the predominant types.Concentrations exhibit a pattern of upstream(512.9±202.1 ng/L)>midstream(344.5±135.3 ng/L)>downstream(177.8±46.7 ng/L).In the Yangtze River,the total concentration ranges from 81.9 to 441.6 ng/L,with DMP(46.1±23.4 ng/L),Diethyl phthalate(DEP)(93.3±45.2 ng/L),and DiBP(174.2±67.6 ng/L)as the primary components.Concentration levels follow a midstream(324.8±107.3 ng/L)>upstream(200.8±51.8 ng/L)>downstream(165.8±71.6 ng/L)pattern.Attention should be directed towards the moderate ecological risks of DiBP in the upstream of HH,and both the upstream and midstream of CJ need consideration for the moderate ecological risks associated with Di-n-octyl phthalate(DNOP).Conversely,in other regions,the associated risk with PAEs is either low or negligible.The main source of PAEs in Yellow River is attributed to the release of construction land,while in the Yangtze River Basin,it stems from the accumulation of pollutants in lakes and forests discharged into the river.These findings are instrumental for pinpointing sources of PAEs pollution and formulating control strategies in the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers,providing valuable insights for global PAEs research in other major rivers.
