The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases a...The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases after birth.Environmental endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have been proven to harm THs in newborns.Phthalates(PAEs),a typical class of EDCs,are commonly used in toys,childcare materials,and food contact materials,which have been closely connected with neonatal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid-related diseases.As restrictions on PAEs becomemore stringent in neonatal field,numerous PAE alternatives are emerging.Associations between exposure to PAEs and their alternatives and dysfunctions in THs have been explored.Hence,we summarized the body burdens and regional characteristics of PAEs and their alternatives in neonatal urine,cord blood,and meconium.Subsequently,the influences of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid dysfunction,prematurity,low birth weight,fetal growth restriction,respiratory dysfunction,immune disorders,neurological disorders,and reproductive disorders in newborns were evaluated.Furthermore,we scrutinized the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on the neonatal thyroid from signaling,substance transport,and hormone production to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on neonatal thyroid and thyroid-related disorders.As the declining global trends of healthy newborns and the potential impacts of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid function,a more comprehensive study is needed to discuss their effects on newborns and their underlying mechanisms.This review facilitates attention to the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid and thyroid-related disorders in newborns.展开更多
Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,inge...Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.展开更多
Phthalate esters(PAEs),typical pollutants widely used as plasticizers,are ubiquitous in various indoor and outdoor environments.PAEs exist in both gas and particle phases,posing risks to human health.In the present st...Phthalate esters(PAEs),typical pollutants widely used as plasticizers,are ubiquitous in various indoor and outdoor environments.PAEs exist in both gas and particle phases,posing risks to human health.In the present study,we chose four typical kinds of indoor and outdoor environments with the longest average human residence times to assess the human exposure in Hangzhou,including newly decorated residences,ordinary residences,offices and outdoor air.In order to analyze the pollution levels and characteristics of 15 gasand particle-phase PAEs in indoor and outdoor environments,air and particulate samples were collected simultaneously.The total PAEs concentrations in the four types of environments were 25,396,25,466.8,15,388.8 and 3616.2 ng/m^3,respectively.DEHP and DEP were the most abundant,and DMPP was at the lowest level.Distinct variations in the distributions of indoor/outdoor,gas/particle-phase and different molecular weights of PAEs were observed,showing that indoor environments were the main sources of PAEs pollution.While most PAEs tended to exsit in indoor sites and gas-phase,the high-molecular-weight chemicals tended to exist in the particle-phase and were mainly found in PM2.5.PAEs were more likely adsorbed by small particles,especially for the indoor environments.There existed a good correlation between the particle matter concentrations and the PAEs levels.In addition,neither temperature nor humidity had obvious effects on the distributions of the PAEs concentrations.展开更多
Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was us...Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to detect the migration of phthalates from disposable tablewares to drinking water. The concentration factors are larger than 82 and extraction recoveries over 53% for water samples spiked with 100 or 200 ng/m L phthalates. Limit of detection is in the range of 1.0–2.6 ng/m L.Good linearity with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9985 is obtained in the concentration of20–1500 or 40–3000 ng/m L. Relative recoveries are from 82.4% to 123.6% for water samples spiked with30/60, 250/500, and 1500/3000 ng/m L phthalates, respectively. Relative standard deviations(RSDs) are0.4%–7.4% for intraday precision(n = 5) and 0.6%–7.8% for interday precision(n = 3). Four of studied phthalates are found in the drinking water samples prepared from four kinds of tablewares.展开更多
This paper describes the electrodeposition of polyphosphate-doped polypyrrole/nanosilica nano-composite coating on steel wire for direct solid-phase microextraction of bisphenol A and five phthalates. We optimized inf...This paper describes the electrodeposition of polyphosphate-doped polypyrrole/nanosilica nano-composite coating on steel wire for direct solid-phase microextraction of bisphenol A and five phthalates. We optimized influencing parameters on the extraction efficiency and morphology of the nanocomposite such as deposition potential, concentration of pyrrole and polyphosphate, deposition time and the nanosilica amount. Under the optimized conditions, characterization of the nanocomposite was inves-tigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Also, the factors related to the solid-phase microextraction method including desorption temperature and time, extrac-tion temperature and time, ionic strength and pH were studied in detail. Subsequently, the proposed method was validated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by thermal desorption and acceptable figures of merit were obtained. The linearity of the calibration curves was between 0.01 and 50 ng/mL with acceptable correlation coefficients (0.9956-0.9987) and limits of detection were in the range 0.002-0.01 ng/mL. Relative standard deviations in terms of intra-day and inter-day by five replicate analyses from aqueous solutions containing 0.1 ng/mL of target analytes were in the range 3.3%-5.4% and 5%-7.1%, respectively. Fiber-to-fiber reproducibilities were measured for three different fibers prepared in the same conditions and the results were between 7.3% and 9.8%. Also, extraction recoveries at two different concentrations were ≥96%. Finally, the suitability of the proposed method was demonstrated through its application to the analysis of some eye drops and injection solutions.展开更多
RuPt/AC bimetallic catalysts were pre pared by two-step incipient impregnation method and evaluated in the hydrogenation of phthalates.According to the characterization results,well dispersed Ru Pt bimetallic nanopart...RuPt/AC bimetallic catalysts were pre pared by two-step incipient impregnation method and evaluated in the hydrogenation of phthalates.According to the characterization results,well dispersed Ru Pt bimetallic nanoparticles were formed on the catalyst,and the strong interaction between the two metals resulted in the formation of RuPt alloy.It was found that Ru can donate electrons to Pt on RuPt alloy nanoparticles,leading to the formation of electron-deficient Ru which significantly promotes the hydrogenation rate of dioctyl phthalate and improves the selectivity of dioctyl di-2-ethylhexylcyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate by accelerating the further hydrogenation of intermediate products.The bimetallic RuPt catalyst also presented excellent stability and versatility in the hydrogenation of phthalates,demonstrating its prospective future in the hydrogenation of aromatic ring contained compounds.展开更多
The production of face towels is growing at an annual rate of about 4%in China,reaching 1.13 million tons by 2021.Phthalates(PAEs)are widely used in textiles,and face towels,as an important household textile,may expos...The production of face towels is growing at an annual rate of about 4%in China,reaching 1.13 million tons by 2021.Phthalates(PAEs)are widely used in textiles,and face towels,as an important household textile,may expose people to PAEs via the skin,further leading to health risks.We collected new face towels and analyzed the distribution characterization of PAEs in them.The changes of PAEs were explored in a face towel use experiment and a simulated laundry experiment.Based on the use of face towels by 24 volunteers,we calculated the estimated daily intake(EDI)and comprehensively assessed the hazard quotient(HQ),hazard index(HI),and dermal cancer risk(DCR)of PAEs exposure in the population.PAEs were present in new face towels at total concentrations of<MDL–2388 ng/g,with a median of 173.2 ng/g,which was a lower contamination level compared with other textiles.PAE contents in used face towels were significantly higher than in new face towels.The concentrations of PAEs in coral velvet were significantly higher than those in cotton.Water washing removed some PAEs,while detergent washing increased the PAE content on face towels.Gender,weight,use time,and material were the main factors affecting EDI.The HQ and HIwere less than 1,which proved PAEs had no significant non-carcinogenic health risks.Among the five target PAEs studied,DEHPwas the only carcinogenic PAE andmay cause potential health risks after long-term exposure.Therefore,we should pay more attention to DEHP.展开更多
Ovary plays an important role in the female reproductive system.The maintenance and regulation of ovarian function are affected by various physical and chemical factors.With the development of industrialization,enviro...Ovary plays an important role in the female reproductive system.The maintenance and regulation of ovarian function are affected by various physical and chemical factors.With the development of industrialization,environmental pollutants have caused great harm to public health.Phthalates,as a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs),are synthesized and used in large quantities as plasticizers due to their chemical properties.They are easily released into environment because of their noncovalent interactions with substances,causing human exposure and possibly impairing ovary.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the role of epigenetics in the occurrence and development of diseases.And it is urgent to study the role of methylation,gene imprinting,miRNA,and other epigenetic mechanisms in reproductive toxicology.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22225605)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3706600)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750200).
文摘The number of newborns born with diseases is increasing recently.Thyroid hormones(THs)are closely related to the growth and development of the newborn in the mother's womb and to the carriage of related diseases after birth.Environmental endocrine-disrupting compounds(EDCs)have been proven to harm THs in newborns.Phthalates(PAEs),a typical class of EDCs,are commonly used in toys,childcare materials,and food contact materials,which have been closely connected with neonatal thyroid dysfunction and thyroid-related diseases.As restrictions on PAEs becomemore stringent in neonatal field,numerous PAE alternatives are emerging.Associations between exposure to PAEs and their alternatives and dysfunctions in THs have been explored.Hence,we summarized the body burdens and regional characteristics of PAEs and their alternatives in neonatal urine,cord blood,and meconium.Subsequently,the influences of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid dysfunction,prematurity,low birth weight,fetal growth restriction,respiratory dysfunction,immune disorders,neurological disorders,and reproductive disorders in newborns were evaluated.Furthermore,we scrutinized the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on the neonatal thyroid from signaling,substance transport,and hormone production to explore the underlying mechanisms of action on neonatal thyroid and thyroid-related disorders.As the declining global trends of healthy newborns and the potential impacts of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid function,a more comprehensive study is needed to discuss their effects on newborns and their underlying mechanisms.This review facilitates attention to the effects of PAEs and their alternatives on thyroid and thyroid-related disorders in newborns.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176071)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2023A1515011879).
文摘Phthalate(PAEs)and Bisphenols(BPs)are plasticizers or additives in consumer products.They are typical endocrine disruptors,and potential health hazards may occur when people are exposed to them through inhalation,ingestion,and dermal contact.The current research on inhalation exposure pays limited attention to the particle distribution of PAEs and BPs in air,although particulate-bound pollutants are usually size-dependent.In this study,we discussed the size resolution of PAEs and BPs in air particles from city waste recycling plants.With paired urine samples of the workers,we also compared the internal and external exposure of PAEs and BPs and related potential health risks.The particulatebound PAEs and BPs concentrated mainly on coarse particles(Dp>2.1μm),with a bimodal distribution,and the peak particle size ranged from 9–10 to 4.7–5.85μm,respectively.Model calculation revealed that the deposition fluxes of PAEs in different respiratory regions followed the sequence of head airways(167±92.8 ng/h)>alveolar region(18.9±9.96 ng/h)>tracheobronchial region(9.20±5.22 ng/h),and the similar trends went for BPs.The daily intakes of PAEs and BPs via dust ingestion were higher than those fromrespiratory inhalation and dermal contact,with mean value of 96 and 0.88 ng/(kg-bw day),respectively.For internal exposure,the estimated daily intakes of PAEs for waste recycling workers were higher than those in e-waste dismantling workers,while the exposure levels of bisphenols were comparable.Overall,the potential health risks from inhalation exposure to particulate-bound PAEs and BPs were low.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFC0207103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21607127)the Brain Bridge project with Koninklijke Philips N.V. (No. BB3-2016-01)
文摘Phthalate esters(PAEs),typical pollutants widely used as plasticizers,are ubiquitous in various indoor and outdoor environments.PAEs exist in both gas and particle phases,posing risks to human health.In the present study,we chose four typical kinds of indoor and outdoor environments with the longest average human residence times to assess the human exposure in Hangzhou,including newly decorated residences,ordinary residences,offices and outdoor air.In order to analyze the pollution levels and characteristics of 15 gasand particle-phase PAEs in indoor and outdoor environments,air and particulate samples were collected simultaneously.The total PAEs concentrations in the four types of environments were 25,396,25,466.8,15,388.8 and 3616.2 ng/m^3,respectively.DEHP and DEP were the most abundant,and DMPP was at the lowest level.Distinct variations in the distributions of indoor/outdoor,gas/particle-phase and different molecular weights of PAEs were observed,showing that indoor environments were the main sources of PAEs pollution.While most PAEs tended to exsit in indoor sites and gas-phase,the high-molecular-weight chemicals tended to exist in the particle-phase and were mainly found in PM2.5.PAEs were more likely adsorbed by small particles,especially for the indoor environments.There existed a good correlation between the particle matter concentrations and the PAEs levels.In addition,neither temperature nor humidity had obvious effects on the distributions of the PAEs concentrations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.81373045)the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hubei of China(Grant no.2015CFA139)
文摘Hexafluoroisopropanol(HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to detect the migration of phthalates from disposable tablewares to drinking water. The concentration factors are larger than 82 and extraction recoveries over 53% for water samples spiked with 100 or 200 ng/m L phthalates. Limit of detection is in the range of 1.0–2.6 ng/m L.Good linearity with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9985 is obtained in the concentration of20–1500 or 40–3000 ng/m L. Relative recoveries are from 82.4% to 123.6% for water samples spiked with30/60, 250/500, and 1500/3000 ng/m L phthalates, respectively. Relative standard deviations(RSDs) are0.4%–7.4% for intraday precision(n = 5) and 0.6%–7.8% for interday precision(n = 3). Four of studied phthalates are found in the drinking water samples prepared from four kinds of tablewares.
基金financial support of Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman Medical Science University
文摘This paper describes the electrodeposition of polyphosphate-doped polypyrrole/nanosilica nano-composite coating on steel wire for direct solid-phase microextraction of bisphenol A and five phthalates. We optimized influencing parameters on the extraction efficiency and morphology of the nanocomposite such as deposition potential, concentration of pyrrole and polyphosphate, deposition time and the nanosilica amount. Under the optimized conditions, characterization of the nanocomposite was inves-tigated by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy. Also, the factors related to the solid-phase microextraction method including desorption temperature and time, extrac-tion temperature and time, ionic strength and pH were studied in detail. Subsequently, the proposed method was validated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry by thermal desorption and acceptable figures of merit were obtained. The linearity of the calibration curves was between 0.01 and 50 ng/mL with acceptable correlation coefficients (0.9956-0.9987) and limits of detection were in the range 0.002-0.01 ng/mL. Relative standard deviations in terms of intra-day and inter-day by five replicate analyses from aqueous solutions containing 0.1 ng/mL of target analytes were in the range 3.3%-5.4% and 5%-7.1%, respectively. Fiber-to-fiber reproducibilities were measured for three different fibers prepared in the same conditions and the results were between 7.3% and 9.8%. Also, extraction recoveries at two different concentrations were ≥96%. Finally, the suitability of the proposed method was demonstrated through its application to the analysis of some eye drops and injection solutions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21878227,21276186)for the financial support。
文摘RuPt/AC bimetallic catalysts were pre pared by two-step incipient impregnation method and evaluated in the hydrogenation of phthalates.According to the characterization results,well dispersed Ru Pt bimetallic nanoparticles were formed on the catalyst,and the strong interaction between the two metals resulted in the formation of RuPt alloy.It was found that Ru can donate electrons to Pt on RuPt alloy nanoparticles,leading to the formation of electron-deficient Ru which significantly promotes the hydrogenation rate of dioctyl phthalate and improves the selectivity of dioctyl di-2-ethylhexylcyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate by accelerating the further hydrogenation of intermediate products.The bimetallic RuPt catalyst also presented excellent stability and versatility in the hydrogenation of phthalates,demonstrating its prospective future in the hydrogenation of aromatic ring contained compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42177413)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(No.20210203008SF)the Leading Talents and Team Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation for Young and Middle-aged Group in Jilin Province(No.20200301015RQ).
文摘The production of face towels is growing at an annual rate of about 4%in China,reaching 1.13 million tons by 2021.Phthalates(PAEs)are widely used in textiles,and face towels,as an important household textile,may expose people to PAEs via the skin,further leading to health risks.We collected new face towels and analyzed the distribution characterization of PAEs in them.The changes of PAEs were explored in a face towel use experiment and a simulated laundry experiment.Based on the use of face towels by 24 volunteers,we calculated the estimated daily intake(EDI)and comprehensively assessed the hazard quotient(HQ),hazard index(HI),and dermal cancer risk(DCR)of PAEs exposure in the population.PAEs were present in new face towels at total concentrations of<MDL–2388 ng/g,with a median of 173.2 ng/g,which was a lower contamination level compared with other textiles.PAE contents in used face towels were significantly higher than in new face towels.The concentrations of PAEs in coral velvet were significantly higher than those in cotton.Water washing removed some PAEs,while detergent washing increased the PAE content on face towels.Gender,weight,use time,and material were the main factors affecting EDI.The HQ and HIwere less than 1,which proved PAEs had no significant non-carcinogenic health risks.Among the five target PAEs studied,DEHPwas the only carcinogenic PAE andmay cause potential health risks after long-term exposure.Therefore,we should pay more attention to DEHP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81571508 and No.81771654)the National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China(No.81701520)the Self-dependent Innovation Research Funding of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.2017KFYXJJ121)。
文摘Ovary plays an important role in the female reproductive system.The maintenance and regulation of ovarian function are affected by various physical and chemical factors.With the development of industrialization,environmental pollutants have caused great harm to public health.Phthalates,as a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs),are synthesized and used in large quantities as plasticizers due to their chemical properties.They are easily released into environment because of their noncovalent interactions with substances,causing human exposure and possibly impairing ovary.In recent years,more and more attention has been paid to the role of epigenetics in the occurrence and development of diseases.And it is urgent to study the role of methylation,gene imprinting,miRNA,and other epigenetic mechanisms in reproductive toxicology.
