Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are indispensable macronutrients for crop growth and productivity;however,their excessive application in agriculture has caused severe environmental degradation.Enhancing crop N-use efficie...Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are indispensable macronutrients for crop growth and productivity;however,their excessive application in agriculture has caused severe environmental degradation.Enhancing crop N-use efficiency(NUE)and P-use efficiency(PUE)is a critical strategy to reconcile high productivity with sustainability.In this review,we systematically synthesize recent advances in the genetic basis of NUE and PUE in crops,focusing on key traits and their associated signaling networks.We summarize the identification of N/P-efficiency genes and explore how natural variations in these genes correlate with soil nutrient availability,revealing adaptive patterns from crop domestication.Given the distinct biogeochemical behaviors of N and P,we propose tailored strategies that leverage nutrient-specific traits to optimize environment-resource coordination and yield-quality balance.Finally,we discuss strategies for developing future crop cultivars with enhanced NUE or PUE to advance sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(P...Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(Pi)in soil through their roots.Pi,which is usually sequestered in soils,is not easily absorbed by plants and represses plant growth.Plants have developed a series of mechanisms to cope with P deficiency.Moreover,P fertilizer applications are critical for maximizing crop yield.Maize is a major cereal crop cultivated worldwide.Increasing its P-use efficiency is important for optimizing maize production.Over the past two decades,considerable progresses have been achieved in studies aimed at adapting maize varieties to changes in environmental P supply.Here,we present an overview of the morphological,physiological,and molecular mechanisms involved in P acquisition,translocation,and redistribution in maize and combine the advances in Arabidopsis and rice,to better elucidate the progress of P nutrition.Additionally,we summarize the correlation between P and abiotic stress responses.Clarifying the mechanisms relevant to improving P absorption and use in maize can guide future research on sustainable agriculture.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(n0s.U23A20185,32130095,U22A20468,32272802,and 32302655)the National Key R&D Program of China(no.2021YFD1201300).
文摘Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)are indispensable macronutrients for crop growth and productivity;however,their excessive application in agriculture has caused severe environmental degradation.Enhancing crop N-use efficiency(NUE)and P-use efficiency(PUE)is a critical strategy to reconcile high productivity with sustainability.In this review,we systematically synthesize recent advances in the genetic basis of NUE and PUE in crops,focusing on key traits and their associated signaling networks.We summarize the identification of N/P-efficiency genes and explore how natural variations in these genes correlate with soil nutrient availability,revealing adaptive patterns from crop domestication.Given the distinct biogeochemical behaviors of N and P,we propose tailored strategies that leverage nutrient-specific traits to optimize environment-resource coordination and yield-quality balance.Finally,we discuss strategies for developing future crop cultivars with enhanced NUE or PUE to advance sustainable agriculture.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370272,31970273,and 31921001).
文摘Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(Pi)in soil through their roots.Pi,which is usually sequestered in soils,is not easily absorbed by plants and represses plant growth.Plants have developed a series of mechanisms to cope with P deficiency.Moreover,P fertilizer applications are critical for maximizing crop yield.Maize is a major cereal crop cultivated worldwide.Increasing its P-use efficiency is important for optimizing maize production.Over the past two decades,considerable progresses have been achieved in studies aimed at adapting maize varieties to changes in environmental P supply.Here,we present an overview of the morphological,physiological,and molecular mechanisms involved in P acquisition,translocation,and redistribution in maize and combine the advances in Arabidopsis and rice,to better elucidate the progress of P nutrition.Additionally,we summarize the correlation between P and abiotic stress responses.Clarifying the mechanisms relevant to improving P absorption and use in maize can guide future research on sustainable agriculture.
