Phosphorus(Pi)plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants.Membrane lipid regulation is one of the main mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to Pi deficiency.Previously,the high tolerance to low-Pi s...Phosphorus(Pi)plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants.Membrane lipid regulation is one of the main mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to Pi deficiency.Previously,the high tolerance to low-Pi stress was justified in an elite line,MSDZ 109,which was obtained from Malus mandshurica.To better understand the mechanism underlying high adaptation to low-Pi stress,currently,lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis,as well as CRISPR/Cas9 and MmGDPD1-overexpressing methodologies were comprehensively integrated into a strategy for elucidating the high tolerance to low-Pi stress.Totally,770 differential metabolites were identified from the roots between the low-Pi and stress-free,belonging to 21 sub-classes of lipid compounds.Fatty acids(FA)constituted the predominant lipid component,accounting for approximately 50%-60%of the total lipids,and triglycerides(TAG)ranked the second,comprising around 12%of the total,consecutively followed by phosphatidylcholine(PC)and diacylglycerol(DAG)with approximately 10%and 8%of the total,respectively.The synchronous transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant up-regulation of genes related to glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism,specifically those(e.g.,MmGDPD1,MmDGDG1,MmMGDG1,MmSQDG,etc.)involved in phospholipid and galactosyl synthesis in response to low-Pi stress.GUS fusing reporter assay showed that MmGDPD1 promoter induced GUS gene expression and demonstrated initiation activity.Based on expression analysis,a dual-luciferase reporter assay,as well as yeast one-hybrid(Y1H)identification,MmPHR1 was justified to bind with the MmGDPD1 promoter and positively regulate plant tolerance to low-Pi stress.To further elucidate the role of MmGDPD1,CRISPR/Cas9 and MmGDPD1-overexpressing vectors were successfully introduced into apple(‘Royal Gala')calli.Interestingly,the MmGDPD1-KO line calli exhibited the remarkable decreases in the contents of phosphodiesterase(PDE),activity,as well as the contents of total Pi,and Pi in comparison with those of the wild type.Conversely,MmGDPD1-OE ones demonstrated the significant elevation in Pi accumulations,further justifying its potential role in Pi remobilization in apple.Therefore,MmGDPD1 substantially involves elevating low-Pi tolerance via promoting Pi release in M.mandshurica.展开更多
The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sust...The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sustainable management of P resources essential for ensuring global food security.This study was designed to reduce mineral P inputs through management practices.A field experiment comprising a wheat-maize rotation system was conducted in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province,China from 2018-2023.The eight treatments included CK(without P),FP(conventional P application);RP(recommended P);RP80(20% reduction in RP);SRP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping);ARP80(20% reduction in RP with ammonium sulfate instead of urea);SARP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea);and SARP60(40% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea).Crop yield,P uptake,and P fertilizer use efficiency were measured during harvest and throughout the entire period of the study.At the end of the experiment,P fractions were estimated using the Tiessen-Moir P classification method.The results revealed that the grain yields of all the treatments except for RP80 were significantly increased compared to CK,with increases of 14.9-28.8%.Furthermore,agronomic efficiency,apparent P use efficiency,P recovery rate,and partial factor productivity were significantly improved for the treatments that received 20% less P with straw wrapping.Moreover,the enhancement measures significantly increased labile and moderately labile P in the soil.Therefore,straw wrapping with ammonium sulfate instead of urea is one of the most effective ways to reduce mineral P inputs while increasing the efficiency of P in wheat-maize rotation systems.展开更多
The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed ...The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed assembly approach for controllable synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous polypyrrole(PPy)nanospheres,which allows for the shape-preserving conversion into N-doped carbon with regular mesoscopic pore and high surface area,thus affording a high dispersion of red phosphorus during melt impregnation process due to the available diffusion apertures and strong molecular chemical anchoring.Moreover,the theoretical calculations further revealed that positively polarized pyridine N atoms in N-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres can empower comprehensive regulation of red phosphorus adsorption by strong chemical binding.Benefitting from the above advantages,the resultant red phosphorus host for sodium-ion batteries delivered an outstanding reversible capacity of 856 mAh/g with a capacity fading rate of only 0.025%per cycle during 1000 cycles at 1.0 A/g.This work provides an effective approach based on monomicelle-directed assembly engineering of carbon-based phosphorus hosts for advanced energy conversion and storage systems.展开更多
Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for ...Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method.The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus(P^(83.4)As_(0.6),CSD-2408761)was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus,where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus(As/P)atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12.The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus,switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus.The effective electron mass along the<010>direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m_(0)by arsenic substitution,resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).The field effect transistor built with P_(83.4)As_(0.6)nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility(137.06 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),61.2 nm),even under ambient conditions for 5 h,much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets(4.07 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),73.3 nm).This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors,giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.展开更多
The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly import...The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.展开更多
Effect of added carbon source and nitrate concentration on the denitrifying phosphorus removal by DPB sludge was systematically studied using batch experiments, at the same time the variation of ORP was investigated. ...Effect of added carbon source and nitrate concentration on the denitrifying phosphorus removal by DPB sludge was systematically studied using batch experiments, at the same time the variation of ORP was investigated. Results showed that the denitrifying and phosphorus uptake rate in anoxic phase increased with the high initial anaerobic carbon source addition. However once the initial COD concentration reached a certain level, which was in excess to the PHB saturation of poly-P bacteria, residual COD carried over to anoxic phase inhibited the subsequent denitrifying phosphorus uptake. Simultaneously, phosphate uptake continued until all nitrate was removed, following a slow endogenous release of phosphate. High nitrate concentration in anoxic phase increased the initial denitrifying phosphorus rate. Once the nitrate was exhausted, phosphate uptake changed to release. Moreover, the time of this turning point occurred later with the higher nitrate addition. On the other hand, through on-line monitoring the variation of the ORP with different initial COD concentration, it was found ORP could be used as a control parameter for phosphorus release, but it is impossible to utilize ORP for controlling the denitrificaion and anoxic phosphorus uptake operations.展开更多
The hybrid method composed of clustering and predicting stages is proposed to predict the endpoint phos- phorus content of molten steel in BOF （Basic Oxygen Furnace）. At the clustering stage, the weighted K-means is...The hybrid method composed of clustering and predicting stages is proposed to predict the endpoint phos- phorus content of molten steel in BOF （Basic Oxygen Furnace）. At the clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to generate some clusters with homogeneous data. The weights of factors influencing the target are calcu- lated using EWM （Entropy Weight Method）. At the predicting stage, one GMDH （Group Method of Data Handling） polynomial neural network is built for each cluster. And the predictive results from all the GMDH polynomial neural networks are integrated into a whole to be the result for the hybrid method. The hybrid method, GMDH polnomial neural network and BP neural network are employed for a comparison. The results show that the proposed hybrid method is effective in predicting the endpoint phosphorus content of molten steel in BOF. Furthermore, the hybrid method outperforms BP neural network and GMDH polynomial neural network.展开更多
A two-stage hybrid method is proposed to predict the phosphorus content of molten steel at the endpoint of steelmaking in BOF(Basic Oxygen Furnace). At the first clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to ...A two-stage hybrid method is proposed to predict the phosphorus content of molten steel at the endpoint of steelmaking in BOF(Basic Oxygen Furnace). At the first clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to produce clusters with homogeneous data. At the second predicting stage, each fuzzy neural network is carried out on each cluster and the results from all fuzzy neural networks are combined to be the final result of the hybrid method. The hybrid method and single fuzzy neural network are compared and the results show that the hybrid method outperforms single fuzzy neural network.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Guidance Foundation for Local Science and Technology Development of China(Grant No.2023-009)the Department of Science and Technology of Guizhou Province(Grant No.qiankehezhicheng-[2020]1Y025)。
文摘Phosphorus(Pi)plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants.Membrane lipid regulation is one of the main mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to Pi deficiency.Previously,the high tolerance to low-Pi stress was justified in an elite line,MSDZ 109,which was obtained from Malus mandshurica.To better understand the mechanism underlying high adaptation to low-Pi stress,currently,lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis,as well as CRISPR/Cas9 and MmGDPD1-overexpressing methodologies were comprehensively integrated into a strategy for elucidating the high tolerance to low-Pi stress.Totally,770 differential metabolites were identified from the roots between the low-Pi and stress-free,belonging to 21 sub-classes of lipid compounds.Fatty acids(FA)constituted the predominant lipid component,accounting for approximately 50%-60%of the total lipids,and triglycerides(TAG)ranked the second,comprising around 12%of the total,consecutively followed by phosphatidylcholine(PC)and diacylglycerol(DAG)with approximately 10%and 8%of the total,respectively.The synchronous transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant up-regulation of genes related to glycerophospholipid and glycerolipid metabolism,specifically those(e.g.,MmGDPD1,MmDGDG1,MmMGDG1,MmSQDG,etc.)involved in phospholipid and galactosyl synthesis in response to low-Pi stress.GUS fusing reporter assay showed that MmGDPD1 promoter induced GUS gene expression and demonstrated initiation activity.Based on expression analysis,a dual-luciferase reporter assay,as well as yeast one-hybrid(Y1H)identification,MmPHR1 was justified to bind with the MmGDPD1 promoter and positively regulate plant tolerance to low-Pi stress.To further elucidate the role of MmGDPD1,CRISPR/Cas9 and MmGDPD1-overexpressing vectors were successfully introduced into apple(‘Royal Gala')calli.Interestingly,the MmGDPD1-KO line calli exhibited the remarkable decreases in the contents of phosphodiesterase(PDE),activity,as well as the contents of total Pi,and Pi in comparison with those of the wild type.Conversely,MmGDPD1-OE ones demonstrated the significant elevation in Pi accumulations,further justifying its potential role in Pi remobilization in apple.Therefore,MmGDPD1 substantially involves elevating low-Pi tolerance via promoting Pi release in M.mandshurica.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1900300 and 2017YFD0200205)the Agricultural Key-scientific and Core-technological Project of Shaanxi Province,China(2024NYGG011)。
文摘The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sustainable management of P resources essential for ensuring global food security.This study was designed to reduce mineral P inputs through management practices.A field experiment comprising a wheat-maize rotation system was conducted in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province,China from 2018-2023.The eight treatments included CK(without P),FP(conventional P application);RP(recommended P);RP80(20% reduction in RP);SRP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping);ARP80(20% reduction in RP with ammonium sulfate instead of urea);SARP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea);and SARP60(40% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea).Crop yield,P uptake,and P fertilizer use efficiency were measured during harvest and throughout the entire period of the study.At the end of the experiment,P fractions were estimated using the Tiessen-Moir P classification method.The results revealed that the grain yields of all the treatments except for RP80 were significantly increased compared to CK,with increases of 14.9-28.8%.Furthermore,agronomic efficiency,apparent P use efficiency,P recovery rate,and partial factor productivity were significantly improved for the treatments that received 20% less P with straw wrapping.Moreover,the enhancement measures significantly increased labile and moderately labile P in the soil.Therefore,straw wrapping with ammonium sulfate instead of urea is one of the most effective ways to reduce mineral P inputs while increasing the efficiency of P in wheat-maize rotation systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373208 and 61831021)the Shanghai Undergraduate Training Program on Innovation and Entrepreneurship(No.202310269131S).
文摘The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed assembly approach for controllable synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous polypyrrole(PPy)nanospheres,which allows for the shape-preserving conversion into N-doped carbon with regular mesoscopic pore and high surface area,thus affording a high dispersion of red phosphorus during melt impregnation process due to the available diffusion apertures and strong molecular chemical anchoring.Moreover,the theoretical calculations further revealed that positively polarized pyridine N atoms in N-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres can empower comprehensive regulation of red phosphorus adsorption by strong chemical binding.Benefitting from the above advantages,the resultant red phosphorus host for sodium-ion batteries delivered an outstanding reversible capacity of 856 mAh/g with a capacity fading rate of only 0.025%per cycle during 1000 cycles at 1.0 A/g.This work provides an effective approach based on monomicelle-directed assembly engineering of carbon-based phosphorus hosts for advanced energy conversion and storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22175136)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(Grant No.EIPE23127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xtr052024009,xtr052025002).
文摘Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method.The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus(P^(83.4)As_(0.6),CSD-2408761)was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus,where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus(As/P)atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12.The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus,switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus.The effective electron mass along the<010>direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m_(0)by arsenic substitution,resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).The field effect transistor built with P_(83.4)As_(0.6)nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility(137.06 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),61.2 nm),even under ambient conditions for 5 h,much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets(4.07 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),73.3 nm).This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors,giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2024QE450,ZR2024QB302 and ZR2024QB004)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202211249)Research Program of Qilu Institute of Technology(Nos.QIT 23TP019,QIT23TP010 and QIT24NN007)。
文摘The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.
文摘Effect of added carbon source and nitrate concentration on the denitrifying phosphorus removal by DPB sludge was systematically studied using batch experiments, at the same time the variation of ORP was investigated. Results showed that the denitrifying and phosphorus uptake rate in anoxic phase increased with the high initial anaerobic carbon source addition. However once the initial COD concentration reached a certain level, which was in excess to the PHB saturation of poly-P bacteria, residual COD carried over to anoxic phase inhibited the subsequent denitrifying phosphorus uptake. Simultaneously, phosphate uptake continued until all nitrate was removed, following a slow endogenous release of phosphate. High nitrate concentration in anoxic phase increased the initial denitrifying phosphorus rate. Once the nitrate was exhausted, phosphate uptake changed to release. Moreover, the time of this turning point occurred later with the higher nitrate addition. On the other hand, through on-line monitoring the variation of the ORP with different initial COD concentration, it was found ORP could be used as a control parameter for phosphorus release, but it is impossible to utilize ORP for controlling the denitrificaion and anoxic phosphorus uptake operations.
基金Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development in 11th Five Years Plan of China(2006BAE03A07)Fundamental Research Funds for Central University of China(FRF-AS-09-006B)
文摘The hybrid method composed of clustering and predicting stages is proposed to predict the endpoint phos- phorus content of molten steel in BOF （Basic Oxygen Furnace）. At the clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to generate some clusters with homogeneous data. The weights of factors influencing the target are calcu- lated using EWM （Entropy Weight Method）. At the predicting stage, one GMDH （Group Method of Data Handling） polynomial neural network is built for each cluster. And the predictive results from all the GMDH polynomial neural networks are integrated into a whole to be the result for the hybrid method. The hybrid method, GMDH polnomial neural network and BP neural network are employed for a comparison. The results show that the proposed hybrid method is effective in predicting the endpoint phosphorus content of molten steel in BOF. Furthermore, the hybrid method outperforms BP neural network and GMDH polynomial neural network.
基金Item Sponsored by Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project(YETP0382)2012 Ladder Plan Project of Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering for Materials Science of China(Z121101002812005)
文摘A two-stage hybrid method is proposed to predict the phosphorus content of molten steel at the endpoint of steelmaking in BOF(Basic Oxygen Furnace). At the first clustering stage, the weighted K-means is performed to produce clusters with homogeneous data. At the second predicting stage, each fuzzy neural network is carried out on each cluster and the results from all fuzzy neural networks are combined to be the final result of the hybrid method. The hybrid method and single fuzzy neural network are compared and the results show that the hybrid method outperforms single fuzzy neural network.
