BACKGROUND Addressing oculoplastic conditions in the preoperative period ensures both the safety and functional success of any ophthalmic procedure.Some oculoplastic conditions,like nasolacrimal duct obstruction,have ...BACKGROUND Addressing oculoplastic conditions in the preoperative period ensures both the safety and functional success of any ophthalmic procedure.Some oculoplastic conditions,like nasolacrimal duct obstruction,have been extensively studied,whereas others,like eyelid malposition and thyroid eye disease,have received minimal or no research.AIM To investigate the current practice patterns among ophthalmologists while treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions before any subspecialty ophthalmic intervention.METHODS A cross-sectional survey was disseminated among ophthalmologists all over India.The survey included questions related to pre-operative evaluation,anaesthetic and surgical techniques preferred,post-operative care,the use of adjunctive therapies,and patient follow-up patterns.RESULTS A total of 180 ophthalmologists responded to the survey.Most practitioners(89%)felt that the ROPLAS test was sufficient during pre-operative evaluation before any subspecialty surgery was advised.The most common surgical techniques employed were lacrimal drainage procedures(Dacryocystorhinostomy)(63.3%),eyelid malposition repair(36.9%),and ptosis repair(58.7%).Post-operatively,47.7%of respondents emphasized that at least a 4-week gap should be maintained after lacrimal drainage procedures and eyelid surgeries.Sixty-seven percent of ophthalmologists felt that topical anaesthetic procedures should be preferred while performing ocular surgeries in thyroid eye disease patients.CONCLUSION Approximately 50%of ophthalmologists handle prevalent oculoplastic issues themselves,seeking the expertise of an oculoplastic surgeon under particular conditions.Many ophthalmologists still favor using ROPLAS as a preliminary screening method before proceeding with cataract surgery.Eyelid conditions and thyroid eye disease are not as commonly addressed before subspecialty procedures compared to issues like nasolacrimal duct obstruction and periocular infections.展开更多
目的对基于聚类分析的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式相关研究进行范围综述,明确共病模式的种类、特征及其与健康结局的相关性,为今后慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式研究与自我管理提供参考。方法遵循范围综述的方法,系统检索Cochrane Lib...目的对基于聚类分析的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式相关研究进行范围综述,明确共病模式的种类、特征及其与健康结局的相关性,为今后慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式研究与自我管理提供参考。方法遵循范围综述的方法,系统检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网和中国生物医学文献数据库中关于使用聚类分析方法得出慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式的研究,检索时限为建库至2025年5月14日。依据纳入、排除标准筛选文献,并提取信息资料。结果共纳入13篇文献,提取出40种共病模式、19个在不同共病模式间存在差异的个体特征及11种与共病模式相关的健康结局(含医疗保健利用和住院费用)。结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者存在多种共病模式,不同研究报告的共病模式数量及种类存在差异,未来可构建统一的共病模式命名规范;慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的个体特征和健康结局在不同共病模式下存在差异,其可为慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的共病管理提供更为精细、准确的分类依据。展开更多
The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed...The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Addressing oculoplastic conditions in the preoperative period ensures both the safety and functional success of any ophthalmic procedure.Some oculoplastic conditions,like nasolacrimal duct obstruction,have been extensively studied,whereas others,like eyelid malposition and thyroid eye disease,have received minimal or no research.AIM To investigate the current practice patterns among ophthalmologists while treating concomitant oculoplastic conditions before any subspecialty ophthalmic intervention.METHODS A cross-sectional survey was disseminated among ophthalmologists all over India.The survey included questions related to pre-operative evaluation,anaesthetic and surgical techniques preferred,post-operative care,the use of adjunctive therapies,and patient follow-up patterns.RESULTS A total of 180 ophthalmologists responded to the survey.Most practitioners(89%)felt that the ROPLAS test was sufficient during pre-operative evaluation before any subspecialty surgery was advised.The most common surgical techniques employed were lacrimal drainage procedures(Dacryocystorhinostomy)(63.3%),eyelid malposition repair(36.9%),and ptosis repair(58.7%).Post-operatively,47.7%of respondents emphasized that at least a 4-week gap should be maintained after lacrimal drainage procedures and eyelid surgeries.Sixty-seven percent of ophthalmologists felt that topical anaesthetic procedures should be preferred while performing ocular surgeries in thyroid eye disease patients.CONCLUSION Approximately 50%of ophthalmologists handle prevalent oculoplastic issues themselves,seeking the expertise of an oculoplastic surgeon under particular conditions.Many ophthalmologists still favor using ROPLAS as a preliminary screening method before proceeding with cataract surgery.Eyelid conditions and thyroid eye disease are not as commonly addressed before subspecialty procedures compared to issues like nasolacrimal duct obstruction and periocular infections.
文摘目的对基于聚类分析的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式相关研究进行范围综述,明确共病模式的种类、特征及其与健康结局的相关性,为今后慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式研究与自我管理提供参考。方法遵循范围综述的方法,系统检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库、维普网和中国生物医学文献数据库中关于使用聚类分析方法得出慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者共病模式的研究,检索时限为建库至2025年5月14日。依据纳入、排除标准筛选文献,并提取信息资料。结果共纳入13篇文献,提取出40种共病模式、19个在不同共病模式间存在差异的个体特征及11种与共病模式相关的健康结局(含医疗保健利用和住院费用)。结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者存在多种共病模式,不同研究报告的共病模式数量及种类存在差异,未来可构建统一的共病模式命名规范;慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的个体特征和健康结局在不同共病模式下存在差异,其可为慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的共病管理提供更为精细、准确的分类依据。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50479038)
文摘The mutual relationships of three effective factors, the diameter D/d （d is the diameter of exit） of obstructed plate, exit densimetric Froude number and the distance Hid of the plate from jet orifice for obstructed buoyant jet in static ambient, are analyzed to explain normal and abnormal rounded flowing （reverberated and bifurcated flowing）. The critical Froude numbers for obstructed buoyant jets with H/d=2, 4, 6, 8 which distinguished normal and abnormal flowing pattern are obtained. Normal rounded flowing is found only for a plate under a special value of H/d. A fitted formula of critical Froude numbers with H/d and D/d is presented to distinguish rounded flowing types. The occurring of reverberated or bifurcated flowing in abnormal rounded flow is analyzed. Based on the results of obstructed buoyant jets with D/d=1, normal rounded flowing occurred only for all conditions and axial dilution behind the plate under different H/D is obtained.
