BACKGROUND Splenic artery aneurysm(SAA)rupture is a rare,life-threatening condition characterized by acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability.Ruptured SAAs may exhibit a biphasic and relatively slo...BACKGROUND Splenic artery aneurysm(SAA)rupture is a rare,life-threatening condition characterized by acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability.Ruptured SAAs may exhibit a biphasic and relatively slow clinical progression,commonly referred to as the“double-rupture phenomenon”.The reported incidence of the double-rupture phenomenon ranges 12%-21%in patients with ruptured SAAs,potentially due to variations in intra-abdominal pressure.Following anesthesia induction,muscle relaxation can decrease intra-abdominal pressure,potentially triggering the double-rupture phenomenon and leading to circulatory collapse.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old female presented to the Department of Emergency with upper abdominal pain,abdominal distension,dizziness,and vomiting.Her vital signs were initially stable.Physical examination revealed abdominal tenderness and positive-shifting dullness.Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed cirrhosis,severe portal hypertension,and splenomegaly.Acute rupture was suggested by a hematoma on the upper left side outside the SAA.Surgeons deemed intravascular intervention challenging and open splenectomy inevitable.Circulatory collapse occurred after anesthesia induction,likely due to a double rupture of the SAA.This double-rupture phenomenon may have resulted from an initial rupture of the SAA into the omental bursa,forming a hematoma that exerted a tamponade effect.A second rupture into the peritoneal cavity may have been triggered by decreased intra-abdominal pressure following anesthesia induction.The patient’s life was saved through early,coordinated,multidisciplinary significant postoperative bleeding or hypoxic encephalopathy.CONCLUSION Anesthesia-induced pressure reduction may trigger a second SAA rupture,causing collapse.Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary teamwork improve outcomes.This is a rare and life-threatening case of SAA rupture,which is of great significance to the medical community for understanding and handling such emergencies.展开更多
With the availability of high-performance computing technology and the development of advanced numerical simulation methods, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is becoming more and more practical and efficient in engi...With the availability of high-performance computing technology and the development of advanced numerical simulation methods, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is becoming more and more practical and efficient in engineering. As one of the high-precision representative algorithms, the high-order Discontinuous Galerkin Method (DGM) has not only attracted widespread attention from scholars in the CFD research community, but also received strong development. However, when DGM is extended to high-speed aerodynamic flow field calculations, non-physical numerical Gibbs oscillations near shock waves often significantly affect the numerical accuracy and even cause calculation failure. Data driven approaches based on machine learning techniques can be used to learn the characteristics of Gibbs noise, which motivates us to use it in high-speed DG applications. To achieve this goal, labeled data need to be generated in order to train the machine learning models. This paper proposes a new method for denoising modeling of Gibbs phenomenon using a machine learning technique, the zero-shot learning strategy, to eliminate acquiring large amounts of CFD data. The model adopts a graph convolutional network combined with graph attention mechanism to learn the denoising paradigm from synthetic Gibbs noise data and generalize to DGM numerical simulation data. Numerical simulation results show that the Gibbs denoising model proposed in this paper can suppress the numerical oscillation near shock waves in the high-order DGM. Our work automates the extension of DGM to high-speed aerodynamic flow field calculations with higher generalization and lower cost.展开更多
Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typica...Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typically governed by gravity, viscous and capillary forces, these factors lead invasive fluids to occupy pore space irregularly and incompletely. Previous studies have demonstrated capillary numbers,describing the viscous and capillary forces, to quantificationally induce evolution of invasion patterns.While the evolution mechanisms of invasive patterns have not been deeply elucidated under the constant capillary number and three variable parameters including velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension.Our research employs two horizontal visualization systems and a two-phase laminar flow simulation to investigate the tendency of invasive pattern transition by various parameters at the pore scale. We showed that increasing invasive viscosity or reducing interfacial tension in a homogeneous pore space significantly enhanced sweep efficiency, under constant capillary number. Additionally, in the fingering crossover pattern, the region near the inlet was prone to capillary fingering with multi-directional invasion, while the viscous fingering with unidirectional invasion was more susceptible occurred in the region near the outlet. Furthermore, increasing invasive viscosity or decreasing invasive velocity and interfacial tension promoted the extension of viscous fingering from the outlet to the inlet, presenting that the subsequent invasive fluid flows toward the outlet. In the case of invasive trunk along a unidirectional path, the invasive flow increased exponentially closer to the outlet, resulting in a significant decrease in the width of the invasive interface. Our work holds promising applications for optimizing invasive patterns in heterogeneous porous media.展开更多
The Fourier series of the 2π-periodic functions tg(x2)and 1sin(x)and some of their relatives (first of their integrals) are investigated and illustrated with respect to their convergence. These functions are Generali...The Fourier series of the 2π-periodic functions tg(x2)and 1sin(x)and some of their relatives (first of their integrals) are investigated and illustrated with respect to their convergence. These functions are Generalized functions and the convergence is weak convergence in the sense of the convergence of continuous linear functionals defining them. The figures show that the approximations of the Fourier series possess oscillations around the function which they represent in a broad band embedding them. This is some analogue to the Gibbs phenomenon. A modification of Fourier series by expansion in powers cosn(x)for the symmetric part of functions and sin(x)cosn−1(x)for the antisymmetric part (analogous to Taylor series) is discussed and illustrated by examples. The Fourier series and their convergence behavior are illustrated also for some 2π-periodic delta-function-like sequences connected with the Poisson theorem showing non-vanishing oscillations around the singularities similar to the Gibbs phenomenon in the neighborhood of discontinuities of functions. .展开更多
At the late stage of solidification with ultrasonic treatment （UST） in Al-Si alloys, a part of semisolid overflows and climbs along the probe. The interesting phenomenon and its influence on the solidification micro...At the late stage of solidification with ultrasonic treatment （UST） in Al-Si alloys, a part of semisolid overflows and climbs along the probe. The interesting phenomenon and its influence on the solidification microstructure were investigated in order to better study the mechanism of UST. It is considered that the overflowing phenomenon occurs due to the changes of vibration and flow in the remaining semisolid. Because the overflowed portion comes from the region with intense UST effect and vibrates with the probe during solidification, great modification of primary and euteetic Si （about 10 pm in length） and refinement of primary a（Al） （about 70 μm in size） are observed in this portion.展开更多
Corticotomy is a clinical procedure to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement characterized by the regional acceleratory phenomenon(RAP).Despite its therapeutic effects,the surgical risk and unclear mechanism hamper th...Corticotomy is a clinical procedure to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement characterized by the regional acceleratory phenomenon(RAP).Despite its therapeutic effects,the surgical risk and unclear mechanism hamper the clinical application.Numerous evidences support macrophages as the key immune cells during bone remodeling.Our study discovered that the monocyte-derived macrophages primarily exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype that dominated bone remodeling in corticotomy by CX3CR1CreERT2;R26GFP lineage tracing system.Fluorescence staining,flow cytometry analysis,and western blot determined the significantly enhanced expression of binding immunoglobulin protein(BiP)and emphasized the activation of sensor activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)in macrophages.Then,we verified that macrophage specific ATF6 deletion(ATF6f/f;CX3CR1CreERT2 mice)decreased the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages and therefore blocked the acceleration effect of corticotomy.In contrast,macrophage ATF6 overexpression exaggerated the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement.In vitro experiments also proved that higher proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was positively correlated with higher expression of ATF6.At the mechanism level,RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analysis demonstrated that ATF6 modulated the macrophage-orchestrated inflammation through interacting with Tnfαpromotor and augmenting its transcription.Additionally,molecular docking simulation and dual-luciferase reporter system indicated the possible binding sites outside of the traditional endoplasmic reticulum-stress response element(ERSE).Taken together,ATF6 may aggravate orthodontic bone remodeling by promoting Tnfαtranscription in macrophages,suggesting that ATF6 may represent a promising therapeutic target for non-invasive accelerated orthodontics.展开更多
The time evolution of system in two photon Jaynes Cummings (J C) model without rotating waves approximation (RWA) is obtained by using the theory of ordinary differential equations. Based on the evolution, the mean ...The time evolution of system in two photon Jaynes Cummings (J C) model without rotating waves approximation (RWA) is obtained by using the theory of ordinary differential equations. Based on the evolution, the mean value of the atom inversion operator 〈 S 3(t)〉 is gi ven. The influence of the “counter rotating term” on the collapse and revival phenomenon is discussed from the comparison between the cases with RWA and without RWA. It shows that the influence of the virtual photon field makes the quantum fluctuations appear on the collapse and revival phenomenon.展开更多
Software systems are vulnerable to security breaches as they expand in complexity and functionality.The confidentiality,integrity,and availability of data are gravely threatened by flaws in a system’s design,implemen...Software systems are vulnerable to security breaches as they expand in complexity and functionality.The confidentiality,integrity,and availability of data are gravely threatened by flaws in a system’s design,implementation,or configuration.To guarantee the durability&robustness of the software,vulnerability identification and fixation have become crucial areas of focus for developers,cybersecurity experts and industries.This paper presents a thorough multi-phase mathematical model for efficient patch management and vulnerability detection.To uniquely model these processes,the model incorporated the notion of the learning phenomenon in describing vulnerability fixation using a logistic learning function.Furthermore,the authors have used numerical methods to approximate the solution of the proposed framework where an analytical solution is difficult to attain.The suggested systematic architecture has been demonstrated through statistical analysis using patch datasets,which offers a solid basis for the research conclusions.According to computational research,learning dynamics improves security response and results in more effective vulnerability management.The suggested model offers a systematic approach to proactive vulnerability mitigation and has important uses in risk assessment,software maintenance,and cybersecurity.This study helps create more robust software systems by increasing patch management effectiveness,which benefits developers,cybersecurity experts,and sectors looking to reduce security threats in a growing digital world.展开更多
Control of the wetting properties of biomimetic functional surfaces is a desired functionality in many applications.In this paper,the photoresist SU-8 was used as fabrication material.A silicon wafer was used as a sub...Control of the wetting properties of biomimetic functional surfaces is a desired functionality in many applications.In this paper,the photoresist SU-8 was used as fabrication material.A silicon wafer was used as a substrate to prepare a biomimetic surface with different surface roughness and micro-pillars arranged in array morphology.The evaporation dynamics and interfacial heat transfer processes of deionised water droplets on the bioinspired microstructure surface were experimentally studied.The study not only proves the feasibility of preparing hydrophilic biomimetic functional surfaces directly through photoresist materials and photolithography technology but also shows that by adjusting the structural parameters and arrangement of the surface micro-pillar structure,the wettability of the biomimetic surface can be significantly linearly regulated,thereby effectively affecting the heat and mass transfer process at the droplet liquid-vapour interface.Analysis of the results shows that by controlling the biomimetic surface microstructure,the wettability can be enhanced by about 22%at most,the uniformity of the temperature distribution at the liquid-vapour interface can be improved by about 34%,and the average evaporation rate can be increased by about 28%.This study aims to provide some guidance for the research on bionic surface design based on photoresist materials.展开更多
This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorpo...This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorporated into the transport analysis.The Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid model includes variable thermal conductivity,mass diffusivity,and motile microorganism density to accurately reflect realistic biological conditions.Radiative heat transfer and internal heat generation are considered in the thermal energy equation,while the Cattaneo-Christov theory is employed to model non-Fourier heat and mass fluxes.The governing equations are non-dimensionalized to reduce complexity,and a numerical solution is obtained using a shooting method.Parametric studies are conducted to examine the influence of key dimensionless parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,and motile microorganism profiles.The results are presented through a series of graphs,offering insight into the dynamic interplay between physical mechanisms affecting heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian bioconvective nanofluid systems.展开更多
High-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy(HT-CSLM)is a potent methodology for investigating various phenomena in the field of metallurgy.Initially applied to the observation of solid phase transformations an...High-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy(HT-CSLM)is a potent methodology for investigating various phenomena in the field of metallurgy.Initially applied to the observation of solid phase transformations and solidification,this method has gained traction in the field of non-metallic inclusion in steels in recent years.An overview of the experimental capabilities of HT-CSLM and the most important results of recent investigations regarding the topics of clean steel production are provided.It includes the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)from the surface of non-metallic inclusions during the continuous cooling and heat treatment,which can be especially beneficial in the toughness of heat-affected zones of welded pieces.Furthermore,the investigation of agglomeration mechanisms of non-metallic inclusions(NMIs)in liquid steel is discussed to improve the insight into attraction forces between particles and clogging phenomena during continuous casting.Also,the dissolution of NMIs in various steelmaking slags can be observed by HT-CSLM to compare dissolution rates and mechanisms of NMI,where significant influences of temperature and chemical composition of the slag were shown.Last but not least,the experimental work regarding the interface between steel and slag is discussed,where novel techniques are currently being developed.A comprehensive summary of experimental techniques using HT-CSLM equipment to investigate different interactions of NMIs with steel and slag phases is compiled.展开更多
This article examines the development of geomorpho-logical and hydrological research on karst landscapes in Central and Southeast Europe in the period before 1914.It provides novel insights into the introduction of th...This article examines the development of geomorpho-logical and hydrological research on karst landscapes in Central and Southeast Europe in the period before 1914.It provides novel insights into the introduction of the term“karst,”originally the name of a cavernous limestone plateau east of the Adriatic city of Trieste,as a universal model for comparing and understanding dissolutional features in soluble rocks.Based on a critical reappraisal of the sem-inal work“The Karst Phenomenon”(1893)by the Serbian geoscientist Jovan Cvijić(1865-1928),submitted as a Ph.D.thesis at the University of Vienna,my essay argues for a reassessment of the beginnings of karst sciences.It gives more attention to research as a cooperative enterprise and to the interplay between the internationalization of geosci-entific knowledge and the emerging national claims to the Balkan Peninsula and its inhabitants.Approaching the topic from a history of science perspective,I will analyze the epistemic,political,and social dimensions of early karst research at three different stages,namely,its emergence as an imperial undertaking in the Habsburg Monarchy,its synthesis and systematization through Cvijić’s“Karst Phenomenon,”and the final establishment of the Dinarides’northwestern part as the“Classical”Karst.展开更多
The power generation performance of a heaving body wave energy converter(HBWEC)can be enhanced through strategic deployment in proximity to natural or artificial coastal structures.In this study,coastal structures are...The power generation performance of a heaving body wave energy converter(HBWEC)can be enhanced through strategic deployment in proximity to natural or artificial coastal structures.In this study,coastal structures are represented by a partial reflection wall,enabling the device to harness additional reflected wave energy.However,the mechanisms by which the reflection coefficient and the clearance between the wall and the device affect energy conversion performance remain inadequately understood.This study experimentally investigates these effects.The findings demonstrate that the clearance impact on HBWEC power performance near partial reflection walls aligns with standing wave variation characteristics,with optimal positioning near the second antinode of the HBWEC's heaving natural period.Enhanced reflection coefficients improve energy conversion efficiency within the wave spectrum around the device's heaving natural period.Additionally,significant water sloshing observed within the clearance may diminish power performance,as verified through computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis.This phenomenon results from the multiplicative relationship of leeside clearance with 0.5λ(λis the wavelength).These insights suggest that practical engineering implementation requires balanced consideration of reflection coefficient,clearance,sloshing phenomenon,and heaving restriction system,rather than individual parameter optimization.展开更多
The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on th...The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers(LBHFSP).This paper deeply investigates the LBHFSP to optimize the goal of the total completion time.To better solve the LBHFSP,a multi-level subpopulation-based particle swarm optimization algorithm(MLPSO)is proposed,which is founded on the attributes of the LBHFSP and the shortcomings of the basic PSO(particle swarm optimization)algorithm.In MLPSO,firstly,considering the impact of the limited buffers on the process of subsequent operations,a specific circular decoding strategy is developed to accommodate the characteristics of limited buffers.Secondly,an initialization strategy based on blocking time is designed to enhance the quality and diversity of the initial population.Afterward,a multi-level subpopulation collaborative search is developed to prevent being trapped in a local optimum and improve the global exploration capability.Additionally,a local search strategy based on the first blocked job is designed to enhance the MLPSO algorithm’s exploitation capability.Lastly,numerous experiments are carried out to test the performance of the proposed MLPSO by comparing it with classical intelligent optimization and popular algorithms in recent years.The results confirm that the proposed MLPSO has an outstanding performance when compared to other algorithms when solving LBHFSP.展开更多
1 Introduction In highway construction,flled embankments are trapezoidal,and the ground is always improved by sand wells or columns.During embankment construction,because the width and height of the embankment are cha...1 Introduction In highway construction,flled embankments are trapezoidal,and the ground is always improved by sand wells or columns.During embankment construction,because the width and height of the embankment are changing,a non-uniform load that varies with time and lateral location is applied to the underlying ground.The consolidation phenomenon under two-dimensional(2D)conditions will keep pace with the construction of the embankment.In addition,because of evaporation and rainfall,the soils are mostly unsaturated.Therefore,it is meaningful to research the consolidation properties of unsaturated ground under non-uniform loading.展开更多
We present a study of magnetic transport and radiation properties during compression of a magnetized laboratory plasma.A theta pinch is used to produce a magnetized plasma column undergoing radial implosion,with plasm...We present a study of magnetic transport and radiation properties during compression of a magnetized laboratory plasma.A theta pinch is used to produce a magnetized plasma column undergoing radial implosion,with plasma parameters comprehensively measured through diverse diagnostic techniques.High-resolution observations show the implosion progressing through three stages:compression,expansion,and recompression.An anomalous demagnetization phenomenon is observed during the first compression stage,wherein the magnetic field at the plasma center is depleted as the density increases.We reveal the demagnetization mechanism and formulate a straightforward criterion for determining its occurrence,through analysis based on extended-magnetohydrodynamics theory and a generalized Ohm’s law.Additionally,we quantitatively evaluate the radiation losses and magnetic field variations during the two compression stages,providing experimental evidence that magnetic transport can influence the radiation properties by altering the plasma hydrodynamics.Furthermore,extrapolated results using our findings reveal direct relevance to magnetized inertial confinement fusion,space,and astrophysical plasma scenarios.展开更多
Persistent luminescence is a unique optical phenomenon that continues to emit light for minutes or even hours after the excitation stops,which can significantly enhance the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of ima...Persistent luminescence is a unique optical phenomenon that continues to emit light for minutes or even hours after the excitation stops,which can significantly enhance the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of imaging[1].Among numerous persistent luminescence materials,lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles have shown tunable persistent luminescence across the UV-vis-NIR spectrum(200-1700 nm)under X-ray excitation and adjustable size,promising significant applications in deep-tissue imaging[2,3],security encryption,and data storage[4].In particular,those exhibiting NIR-II luminescence(1000-1700 nm)provide key advantages such as deeper tissue penetration,higher contrast,and minimal interference from biological autofluorescence.However,challenges such as low brightness and rapid signal decay,especially in the NIR-II region,limit their effectiveness in long-term monitoring,including tumor theranostics[5].Traditional approaches like size control and surface passivation yield only marginal improvements,underscoring the need for next-generation nanoparticles with superior NIR-II brightness.展开更多
Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly,...Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly, a dynamic model of the variable-length hose-drogue assembly is built for the sake of exploiting suppression methods for the whipping phenomenon.Based on the lumped parameter method, the hose is modeled by a series of variable-length links connected with frictionless joints. A set of iterative equations of the hose＇s three-dimensional motion is derived subject to hose reeling in/out, tanker motion, gravity, and aerodynamic loads accounting for the effects of steady wind, atmospheric turbulence, and tanker wake. Secondly,relying on a permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-precision position sensors, a new active control strategy for the HWP on the basis of the relative position between the tanker and the receiver is proposed. Considering the strict-feedback configuration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rotor position control law based on the backstepping method is designed to insure global stability. An integral of the rotor position error and an exponential sliding mode reaching law of the current errors are applied to enhance control accuracy and robustness. Finally,the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and control laws.展开更多
The Pearl River Mouth Basin （PRMB） covers an area of approximately 20× 104 km2.However,oil-gas fields detected in this area thus far are highly concentrated and controlled predominantly by second-order structur...The Pearl River Mouth Basin （PRMB） covers an area of approximately 20× 104 km2.However,oil-gas fields detected in this area thus far are highly concentrated and controlled predominantly by second-order structural belts,the seven largest of which aggregate proved oil reserves of 7.7× 108 m3,accounting for 86％ of the total discovered reserve in the basin.These second-order structures have one common phenomenon：oil is contained in all traps present in them.In other words,they are all belt-wide petroliferous reservoirs.Research has identified eight types of second-order structural belts under two categories in the eastern PRMB.Their petroliferous properties are subject to three typical constraints：petroliferous properties of subsags hosting these structural belts,locations of these belts in the petroleum system,and availability of traps prior to the hydrocarbon expulsion and migration.The formation and distribution of oil reservoirs in these belts are characterized by subsag-belt integration and ＂three-in-one＂.The former indicates that sags and the second-order structural belts within the supply range of the sags constitute the basic units of hydrocarbon accumulations and are therefore inseparable.The latter indicates that a belt-wide petroliferous second-order structural belt always contains three important elements：hydrocarbon richness,effective pathway and pre-existing traps.展开更多
A yield phenomenon was firstly reported in an extruded Mg-6.8Y-2.5Cu alloy and the corresponding microstructure was also investigated in this work,The cast alloy is mainly composed ofα-Mg,18R long period stacking ord...A yield phenomenon was firstly reported in an extruded Mg-6.8Y-2.5Cu alloy and the corresponding microstructure was also investigated in this work,The cast alloy is mainly composed ofα-Mg,18R long period stacking order(LPSO)phase,eutectic phase(Mg_(20)Cu_(4)Y_(1)),and Mg_(2)Cu phase.The 18R LPSO phase at the dendritic grain boundary transforms into the 14H LPSO phase in the grain interior during homogenization.After extrusion,the grain size of the homogenized alloy is remarkably refined to-3.69μm and the second phase is significantly broken and distributed in the extrusion direction.Tensile testing curves of the extrude alloy at room temperature indicate that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increase while the elongation of the alloy decreases with increasing strain rate.Interestingly,a yield plateau fo rms and gradually decreases with increasing strain rate.The yield phenomenon is related to the dislocation multiplication and the interaction between the movable dislocations and solute atoms.展开更多
基金Supported by National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2022-PUMCH-B-119.
文摘BACKGROUND Splenic artery aneurysm(SAA)rupture is a rare,life-threatening condition characterized by acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage and hemodynamic instability.Ruptured SAAs may exhibit a biphasic and relatively slow clinical progression,commonly referred to as the“double-rupture phenomenon”.The reported incidence of the double-rupture phenomenon ranges 12%-21%in patients with ruptured SAAs,potentially due to variations in intra-abdominal pressure.Following anesthesia induction,muscle relaxation can decrease intra-abdominal pressure,potentially triggering the double-rupture phenomenon and leading to circulatory collapse.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old female presented to the Department of Emergency with upper abdominal pain,abdominal distension,dizziness,and vomiting.Her vital signs were initially stable.Physical examination revealed abdominal tenderness and positive-shifting dullness.Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed cirrhosis,severe portal hypertension,and splenomegaly.Acute rupture was suggested by a hematoma on the upper left side outside the SAA.Surgeons deemed intravascular intervention challenging and open splenectomy inevitable.Circulatory collapse occurred after anesthesia induction,likely due to a double rupture of the SAA.This double-rupture phenomenon may have resulted from an initial rupture of the SAA into the omental bursa,forming a hematoma that exerted a tamponade effect.A second rupture into the peritoneal cavity may have been triggered by decreased intra-abdominal pressure following anesthesia induction.The patient’s life was saved through early,coordinated,multidisciplinary significant postoperative bleeding or hypoxic encephalopathy.CONCLUSION Anesthesia-induced pressure reduction may trigger a second SAA rupture,causing collapse.Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary teamwork improve outcomes.This is a rare and life-threatening case of SAA rupture,which is of great significance to the medical community for understanding and handling such emergencies.
基金co-supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(Nos.2018ZA52002,2019ZA052011).
文摘With the availability of high-performance computing technology and the development of advanced numerical simulation methods, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is becoming more and more practical and efficient in engineering. As one of the high-precision representative algorithms, the high-order Discontinuous Galerkin Method (DGM) has not only attracted widespread attention from scholars in the CFD research community, but also received strong development. However, when DGM is extended to high-speed aerodynamic flow field calculations, non-physical numerical Gibbs oscillations near shock waves often significantly affect the numerical accuracy and even cause calculation failure. Data driven approaches based on machine learning techniques can be used to learn the characteristics of Gibbs noise, which motivates us to use it in high-speed DG applications. To achieve this goal, labeled data need to be generated in order to train the machine learning models. This paper proposes a new method for denoising modeling of Gibbs phenomenon using a machine learning technique, the zero-shot learning strategy, to eliminate acquiring large amounts of CFD data. The model adopts a graph convolutional network combined with graph attention mechanism to learn the denoising paradigm from synthetic Gibbs noise data and generalize to DGM numerical simulation data. Numerical simulation results show that the Gibbs denoising model proposed in this paper can suppress the numerical oscillation near shock waves in the high-order DGM. Our work automates the extension of DGM to high-speed aerodynamic flow field calculations with higher generalization and lower cost.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Project (Grant/Award Number: U20B6003)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant/Award Number: 52304054)。
文摘Understanding fingering, as a challenge to stable displacement during the immiscible flow, has become a crucial phenomenon for geological carbon sequestration, enhanced oil recovery, and groundwater protection. Typically governed by gravity, viscous and capillary forces, these factors lead invasive fluids to occupy pore space irregularly and incompletely. Previous studies have demonstrated capillary numbers,describing the viscous and capillary forces, to quantificationally induce evolution of invasion patterns.While the evolution mechanisms of invasive patterns have not been deeply elucidated under the constant capillary number and three variable parameters including velocity, viscosity, and interfacial tension.Our research employs two horizontal visualization systems and a two-phase laminar flow simulation to investigate the tendency of invasive pattern transition by various parameters at the pore scale. We showed that increasing invasive viscosity or reducing interfacial tension in a homogeneous pore space significantly enhanced sweep efficiency, under constant capillary number. Additionally, in the fingering crossover pattern, the region near the inlet was prone to capillary fingering with multi-directional invasion, while the viscous fingering with unidirectional invasion was more susceptible occurred in the region near the outlet. Furthermore, increasing invasive viscosity or decreasing invasive velocity and interfacial tension promoted the extension of viscous fingering from the outlet to the inlet, presenting that the subsequent invasive fluid flows toward the outlet. In the case of invasive trunk along a unidirectional path, the invasive flow increased exponentially closer to the outlet, resulting in a significant decrease in the width of the invasive interface. Our work holds promising applications for optimizing invasive patterns in heterogeneous porous media.
文摘The Fourier series of the 2π-periodic functions tg(x2)and 1sin(x)and some of their relatives (first of their integrals) are investigated and illustrated with respect to their convergence. These functions are Generalized functions and the convergence is weak convergence in the sense of the convergence of continuous linear functionals defining them. The figures show that the approximations of the Fourier series possess oscillations around the function which they represent in a broad band embedding them. This is some analogue to the Gibbs phenomenon. A modification of Fourier series by expansion in powers cosn(x)for the symmetric part of functions and sin(x)cosn−1(x)for the antisymmetric part (analogous to Taylor series) is discussed and illustrated by examples. The Fourier series and their convergence behavior are illustrated also for some 2π-periodic delta-function-like sequences connected with the Poisson theorem showing non-vanishing oscillations around the singularities similar to the Gibbs phenomenon in the neighborhood of discontinuities of functions. .
基金Project(50874022)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘At the late stage of solidification with ultrasonic treatment （UST） in Al-Si alloys, a part of semisolid overflows and climbs along the probe. The interesting phenomenon and its influence on the solidification microstructure were investigated in order to better study the mechanism of UST. It is considered that the overflowing phenomenon occurs due to the changes of vibration and flow in the remaining semisolid. Because the overflowed portion comes from the region with intense UST effect and vibrates with the probe during solidification, great modification of primary and euteetic Si （about 10 pm in length） and refinement of primary a（Al） （about 70 μm in size） are observed in this portion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071143,82371000,82270361)Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2022795)+2 种基金the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22_1801)the Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through the Science,Technology and Education-Jiangsu Provincial Research Hospital Cultivation Unit(YJXYYJSDW4)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center(CXZX202227).
文摘Corticotomy is a clinical procedure to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement characterized by the regional acceleratory phenomenon(RAP).Despite its therapeutic effects,the surgical risk and unclear mechanism hamper the clinical application.Numerous evidences support macrophages as the key immune cells during bone remodeling.Our study discovered that the monocyte-derived macrophages primarily exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype that dominated bone remodeling in corticotomy by CX3CR1CreERT2;R26GFP lineage tracing system.Fluorescence staining,flow cytometry analysis,and western blot determined the significantly enhanced expression of binding immunoglobulin protein(BiP)and emphasized the activation of sensor activating transcription factor 6(ATF6)in macrophages.Then,we verified that macrophage specific ATF6 deletion(ATF6f/f;CX3CR1CreERT2 mice)decreased the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages and therefore blocked the acceleration effect of corticotomy.In contrast,macrophage ATF6 overexpression exaggerated the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement.In vitro experiments also proved that higher proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages was positively correlated with higher expression of ATF6.At the mechanism level,RNA-seq and CUT&Tag analysis demonstrated that ATF6 modulated the macrophage-orchestrated inflammation through interacting with Tnfαpromotor and augmenting its transcription.Additionally,molecular docking simulation and dual-luciferase reporter system indicated the possible binding sites outside of the traditional endoplasmic reticulum-stress response element(ERSE).Taken together,ATF6 may aggravate orthodontic bone remodeling by promoting Tnfαtranscription in macrophages,suggesting that ATF6 may represent a promising therapeutic target for non-invasive accelerated orthodontics.
文摘The time evolution of system in two photon Jaynes Cummings (J C) model without rotating waves approximation (RWA) is obtained by using the theory of ordinary differential equations. Based on the evolution, the mean value of the atom inversion operator 〈 S 3(t)〉 is gi ven. The influence of the “counter rotating term” on the collapse and revival phenomenon is discussed from the comparison between the cases with RWA and without RWA. It shows that the influence of the virtual photon field makes the quantum fluctuations appear on the collapse and revival phenomenon.
基金supported by grants received by the first author and third author from the Institute of Eminence,Delhi University,Delhi,India,as part of the Faculty Research Program via Ref.No./IoE/2024-25/12/FRP.
文摘Software systems are vulnerable to security breaches as they expand in complexity and functionality.The confidentiality,integrity,and availability of data are gravely threatened by flaws in a system’s design,implementation,or configuration.To guarantee the durability&robustness of the software,vulnerability identification and fixation have become crucial areas of focus for developers,cybersecurity experts and industries.This paper presents a thorough multi-phase mathematical model for efficient patch management and vulnerability detection.To uniquely model these processes,the model incorporated the notion of the learning phenomenon in describing vulnerability fixation using a logistic learning function.Furthermore,the authors have used numerical methods to approximate the solution of the proposed framework where an analytical solution is difficult to attain.The suggested systematic architecture has been demonstrated through statistical analysis using patch datasets,which offers a solid basis for the research conclusions.According to computational research,learning dynamics improves security response and results in more effective vulnerability management.The suggested model offers a systematic approach to proactive vulnerability mitigation and has important uses in risk assessment,software maintenance,and cybersecurity.This study helps create more robust software systems by increasing patch management effectiveness,which benefits developers,cybersecurity experts,and sectors looking to reduce security threats in a growing digital world.
基金supported by H2020-MSCA-RISE-778104–ThermaSMART,Royal Society(IEC\NSFC\211210)doctoral degree scholarship of China Scholarship Council(CSC).
文摘Control of the wetting properties of biomimetic functional surfaces is a desired functionality in many applications.In this paper,the photoresist SU-8 was used as fabrication material.A silicon wafer was used as a substrate to prepare a biomimetic surface with different surface roughness and micro-pillars arranged in array morphology.The evaporation dynamics and interfacial heat transfer processes of deionised water droplets on the bioinspired microstructure surface were experimentally studied.The study not only proves the feasibility of preparing hydrophilic biomimetic functional surfaces directly through photoresist materials and photolithography technology but also shows that by adjusting the structural parameters and arrangement of the surface micro-pillar structure,the wettability of the biomimetic surface can be significantly linearly regulated,thereby effectively affecting the heat and mass transfer process at the droplet liquid-vapour interface.Analysis of the results shows that by controlling the biomimetic surface microstructure,the wettability can be enhanced by about 22%at most,the uniformity of the temperature distribution at the liquid-vapour interface can be improved by about 34%,and the average evaporation rate can be increased by about 28%.This study aims to provide some guidance for the research on bionic surface design based on photoresist materials.
文摘This study explores the bioconvective behavior of a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid,accounting for spatially varying thermal properties.The flow is considered over a porous,stretching surface with mass suction effects incorporated into the transport analysis.The Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid model includes variable thermal conductivity,mass diffusivity,and motile microorganism density to accurately reflect realistic biological conditions.Radiative heat transfer and internal heat generation are considered in the thermal energy equation,while the Cattaneo-Christov theory is employed to model non-Fourier heat and mass fluxes.The governing equations are non-dimensionalized to reduce complexity,and a numerical solution is obtained using a shooting method.Parametric studies are conducted to examine the influence of key dimensionless parameters on velocity,temperature,concentration,and motile microorganism profiles.The results are presented through a series of graphs,offering insight into the dynamic interplay between physical mechanisms affecting heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian bioconvective nanofluid systems.
基金the Association SSF Strategic Mobility Grant(No.SM22-0039)theÅForsk Foundation(No.23-540)for supporting the research regarding inclusion engineering.
文摘High-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy(HT-CSLM)is a potent methodology for investigating various phenomena in the field of metallurgy.Initially applied to the observation of solid phase transformations and solidification,this method has gained traction in the field of non-metallic inclusion in steels in recent years.An overview of the experimental capabilities of HT-CSLM and the most important results of recent investigations regarding the topics of clean steel production are provided.It includes the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)from the surface of non-metallic inclusions during the continuous cooling and heat treatment,which can be especially beneficial in the toughness of heat-affected zones of welded pieces.Furthermore,the investigation of agglomeration mechanisms of non-metallic inclusions(NMIs)in liquid steel is discussed to improve the insight into attraction forces between particles and clogging phenomena during continuous casting.Also,the dissolution of NMIs in various steelmaking slags can be observed by HT-CSLM to compare dissolution rates and mechanisms of NMI,where significant influences of temperature and chemical composition of the slag were shown.Last but not least,the experimental work regarding the interface between steel and slag is discussed,where novel techniques are currently being developed.A comprehensive summary of experimental techniques using HT-CSLM equipment to investigate different interactions of NMIs with steel and slag phases is compiled.
文摘This article examines the development of geomorpho-logical and hydrological research on karst landscapes in Central and Southeast Europe in the period before 1914.It provides novel insights into the introduction of the term“karst,”originally the name of a cavernous limestone plateau east of the Adriatic city of Trieste,as a universal model for comparing and understanding dissolutional features in soluble rocks.Based on a critical reappraisal of the sem-inal work“The Karst Phenomenon”(1893)by the Serbian geoscientist Jovan Cvijić(1865-1928),submitted as a Ph.D.thesis at the University of Vienna,my essay argues for a reassessment of the beginnings of karst sciences.It gives more attention to research as a cooperative enterprise and to the interplay between the internationalization of geosci-entific knowledge and the emerging national claims to the Balkan Peninsula and its inhabitants.Approaching the topic from a history of science perspective,I will analyze the epistemic,political,and social dimensions of early karst research at three different stages,namely,its emergence as an imperial undertaking in the Habsburg Monarchy,its synthesis and systematization through Cvijić’s“Karst Phenomenon,”and the final establishment of the Dinarides’northwestern part as the“Classical”Karst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52201322,52401323,and52222109)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2024ZYGXZR042)+1 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2022B1515020036 and 2023A1515012144)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science(Grant No.2023ZB14)。
文摘The power generation performance of a heaving body wave energy converter(HBWEC)can be enhanced through strategic deployment in proximity to natural or artificial coastal structures.In this study,coastal structures are represented by a partial reflection wall,enabling the device to harness additional reflected wave energy.However,the mechanisms by which the reflection coefficient and the clearance between the wall and the device affect energy conversion performance remain inadequately understood.This study experimentally investigates these effects.The findings demonstrate that the clearance impact on HBWEC power performance near partial reflection walls aligns with standing wave variation characteristics,with optimal positioning near the second antinode of the HBWEC's heaving natural period.Enhanced reflection coefficients improve energy conversion efficiency within the wave spectrum around the device's heaving natural period.Additionally,significant water sloshing observed within the clearance may diminish power performance,as verified through computational fluid dynamics(CFD)analysis.This phenomenon results from the multiplicative relationship of leeside clearance with 0.5λ(λis the wavelength).These insights suggest that practical engineering implementation requires balanced consideration of reflection coefficient,clearance,sloshing phenomenon,and heaving restriction system,rather than individual parameter optimization.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52175490.
文摘The shop scheduling problem with limited buffers has broad applications in real-world production scenarios,so this research direction is of great practical significance.However,there is currently little research on the hybrid flow shop scheduling problem with limited buffers(LBHFSP).This paper deeply investigates the LBHFSP to optimize the goal of the total completion time.To better solve the LBHFSP,a multi-level subpopulation-based particle swarm optimization algorithm(MLPSO)is proposed,which is founded on the attributes of the LBHFSP and the shortcomings of the basic PSO(particle swarm optimization)algorithm.In MLPSO,firstly,considering the impact of the limited buffers on the process of subsequent operations,a specific circular decoding strategy is developed to accommodate the characteristics of limited buffers.Secondly,an initialization strategy based on blocking time is designed to enhance the quality and diversity of the initial population.Afterward,a multi-level subpopulation collaborative search is developed to prevent being trapped in a local optimum and improve the global exploration capability.Additionally,a local search strategy based on the first blocked job is designed to enhance the MLPSO algorithm’s exploitation capability.Lastly,numerous experiments are carried out to test the performance of the proposed MLPSO by comparing it with classical intelligent optimization and popular algorithms in recent years.The results confirm that the proposed MLPSO has an outstanding performance when compared to other algorithms when solving LBHFSP.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.12172211)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1509800)。
文摘1 Introduction In highway construction,flled embankments are trapezoidal,and the ground is always improved by sand wells or columns.During embankment construction,because the width and height of the embankment are changing,a non-uniform load that varies with time and lateral location is applied to the underlying ground.The consolidation phenomenon under two-dimensional(2D)conditions will keep pace with the construction of the embankment.In addition,because of evaporation and rainfall,the soils are mostly unsaturated.Therefore,it is meaningful to research the consolidation properties of unsaturated ground under non-uniform loading.
基金the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(Grant No.2022YFA1602503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12120101005 and 12205247)
文摘We present a study of magnetic transport and radiation properties during compression of a magnetized laboratory plasma.A theta pinch is used to produce a magnetized plasma column undergoing radial implosion,with plasma parameters comprehensively measured through diverse diagnostic techniques.High-resolution observations show the implosion progressing through three stages:compression,expansion,and recompression.An anomalous demagnetization phenomenon is observed during the first compression stage,wherein the magnetic field at the plasma center is depleted as the density increases.We reveal the demagnetization mechanism and formulate a straightforward criterion for determining its occurrence,through analysis based on extended-magnetohydrodynamics theory and a generalized Ohm’s law.Additionally,we quantitatively evaluate the radiation losses and magnetic field variations during the two compression stages,providing experimental evidence that magnetic transport can influence the radiation properties by altering the plasma hydrodynamics.Furthermore,extrapolated results using our findings reveal direct relevance to magnetized inertial confinement fusion,space,and astrophysical plasma scenarios.
基金supported by the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.92361202)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12204481).
文摘Persistent luminescence is a unique optical phenomenon that continues to emit light for minutes or even hours after the excitation stops,which can significantly enhance the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of imaging[1].Among numerous persistent luminescence materials,lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles have shown tunable persistent luminescence across the UV-vis-NIR spectrum(200-1700 nm)under X-ray excitation and adjustable size,promising significant applications in deep-tissue imaging[2,3],security encryption,and data storage[4].In particular,those exhibiting NIR-II luminescence(1000-1700 nm)provide key advantages such as deeper tissue penetration,higher contrast,and minimal interference from biological autofluorescence.However,challenges such as low brightness and rapid signal decay,especially in the NIR-II region,limit their effectiveness in long-term monitoring,including tumor theranostics[5].Traditional approaches like size control and surface passivation yield only marginal improvements,underscoring the need for next-generation nanoparticles with superior NIR-II brightness.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61304120)
文摘Dynamic modeling of a hose-drogue aerial refueling system（HDARS） and an integral sliding mode backstepping controller design for the hose whipping phenomenon（HWP） during probe-drogue coupling are studied. Firstly, a dynamic model of the variable-length hose-drogue assembly is built for the sake of exploiting suppression methods for the whipping phenomenon.Based on the lumped parameter method, the hose is modeled by a series of variable-length links connected with frictionless joints. A set of iterative equations of the hose＇s three-dimensional motion is derived subject to hose reeling in/out, tanker motion, gravity, and aerodynamic loads accounting for the effects of steady wind, atmospheric turbulence, and tanker wake. Secondly,relying on a permanent magnet synchronous motor and high-precision position sensors, a new active control strategy for the HWP on the basis of the relative position between the tanker and the receiver is proposed. Considering the strict-feedback configuration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rotor position control law based on the backstepping method is designed to insure global stability. An integral of the rotor position error and an exponential sliding mode reaching law of the current errors are applied to enhance control accuracy and robustness. Finally,the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed model and control laws.
文摘The Pearl River Mouth Basin （PRMB） covers an area of approximately 20× 104 km2.However,oil-gas fields detected in this area thus far are highly concentrated and controlled predominantly by second-order structural belts,the seven largest of which aggregate proved oil reserves of 7.7× 108 m3,accounting for 86％ of the total discovered reserve in the basin.These second-order structures have one common phenomenon：oil is contained in all traps present in them.In other words,they are all belt-wide petroliferous reservoirs.Research has identified eight types of second-order structural belts under two categories in the eastern PRMB.Their petroliferous properties are subject to three typical constraints：petroliferous properties of subsags hosting these structural belts,locations of these belts in the petroleum system,and availability of traps prior to the hydrocarbon expulsion and migration.The formation and distribution of oil reservoirs in these belts are characterized by subsag-belt integration and ＂three-in-one＂.The former indicates that sags and the second-order structural belts within the supply range of the sags constitute the basic units of hydrocarbon accumulations and are therefore inseparable.The latter indicates that a belt-wide petroliferous second-order structural belt always contains three important elements：hydrocarbon richness,effective pathway and pre-existing traps.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51961021,52001152 and 51901174)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M673383)。
文摘A yield phenomenon was firstly reported in an extruded Mg-6.8Y-2.5Cu alloy and the corresponding microstructure was also investigated in this work,The cast alloy is mainly composed ofα-Mg,18R long period stacking order(LPSO)phase,eutectic phase(Mg_(20)Cu_(4)Y_(1)),and Mg_(2)Cu phase.The 18R LPSO phase at the dendritic grain boundary transforms into the 14H LPSO phase in the grain interior during homogenization.After extrusion,the grain size of the homogenized alloy is remarkably refined to-3.69μm and the second phase is significantly broken and distributed in the extrusion direction.Tensile testing curves of the extrude alloy at room temperature indicate that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increase while the elongation of the alloy decreases with increasing strain rate.Interestingly,a yield plateau fo rms and gradually decreases with increasing strain rate.The yield phenomenon is related to the dislocation multiplication and the interaction between the movable dislocations and solute atoms.
