Lentinula edodes(L.edodes)is an edible mushroom rich in phenolics,with previous study reporting significant differences in antioxidant activity among L.edodes'varieties.However,L.edodes'phenolics remain incomp...Lentinula edodes(L.edodes)is an edible mushroom rich in phenolics,with previous study reporting significant differences in antioxidant activity among L.edodes'varieties.However,L.edodes'phenolics remain incompletely elucidated,and key phenolics influencing the antioxidant activity of different varieties of L.edodes remain uncharacterized.Herein,we used several antioxidant assays to assess the activity of three varieties(Zhexiang 6,Shenxiang 1513 and Yuhua 3)of L.edodes and applied metabolomics to reveal their phenolic composition.Antioxidant assays showed Zhexiang 6 had significantly higher antioxidant activity than Shenxiang 1513 and Yuhua 3.Metabolomics identified 344 phenolic metabolites,including phenolic acids,flavonoids,lignans and coumarins,phenolamides,and tannins.Correlation analysis revealed 37 phenolics that were significantly upregulated in Zhexiang 6 exhibited strong positive correlations with antioxidant activity(P<0.05 and r>0.7),serving as its key antioxidant basis.This study is the first to report phenolamides in L.edodes,enhancing the completeness of L.edodes'phenolic profiles,and establishes phenolic compounds’correlation with antioxidant activity.展开更多
Plums(Prunus domestica L.)are highly valued for their nutritional benefits,antioxidant properties,and economic significance in the dried fruit industry.However,optimizing their drying process while preserving bioactiv...Plums(Prunus domestica L.)are highly valued for their nutritional benefits,antioxidant properties,and economic significance in the dried fruit industry.However,optimizing their drying process while preserving bioactive compounds remains a challenge due to the structural and biochemical changes occurring during ripening.Although extensive research has been conducted on post-harvest drying techniques of plums,the influence of ripening on fruit physicochemical properties,which in turn affects drying characteristics and final dried product quality,has not been sufficiently explored.In this study,plums were categorized into six ripening stages(S1-S6),and their physicochemical characteristics,enzymatic activities,polysaccharide composition,water mobility,drying behavior,and phenolic profiles were systematically analyzed.Results indicated that enzymatic activities of pectin methylesterase,polygalacturonase,and cellulase increased with ripening,leading to cell wall degradation and enhanced water mobility.Chlorogenic acid,quercetin,and procyanidin B1 were the dominant phenolic compounds,with the highest concentrations observed at the S4 stage.The S4 stage exhibited the shortest drying time(12.9 h)and lowest specific energy consumption(7.65 kW・h/kg),while retaining the highest total phenolics(40.19 mg/g DW),ascorbic acid(40.27%retention),and antioxidant activity.Overripe plums(S5-S6)suffered from structural collapse,prolonged drying,and significant phenolic degradation.This study highlights the critical role of ripening in optimizing drying efficiency and bioactive compound retention,providing a novel approach to improving dried plum quality.展开更多
Green tea has been an important beverage for humans since ancient times, widely consumed and considered to have health benefits by traditional medicine in Asian countries. Green tea phenolic compounds are predominatel...Green tea has been an important beverage for humans since ancient times, widely consumed and considered to have health benefits by traditional medicine in Asian countries. Green tea phenolic compounds are predominately composed of catechin derivatives, although other compounds such as flavonols and phenolic acids are also present in lower proportion. The bioactivity exerted by these compounds has been associated with reduced risk of severe illnesses such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, epigallocatechin gallate has been implicated in alteration mechanisms with protective effect in these diseases as indicated by several studies about the effect of green tea consumption and mechanistic explanation through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The biological activity of green tea phenolic compounds also promotes a protective effect by antioxidant mechanisms in biological and food systems, preventing the oxidative damage by acting over either precursors or reactive species. Extraction of phenolic compounds influences the antioxidant activity and promotes adequate separation from green tea leaves to enhance the yield and/or antioxidant activity. Application of green tea phenolic compounds is of great interest because the antioxidant status of the products is enhanced and provides the product with additional antioxidant activity or reduces the undesirable changes of oxidative reactions while processing or storing food.In this scenario, meat and meat products are greatly influenced by oxidative deterioration and microbial spoilage, leading to reduced shelf life. Green tea extracts rich in phenolic compounds have been applied to increase shelf life with comparable effect to synthetic compounds, commonly used by food industry. Green tea has great importance in general health in technological application, however more studies are necessary to elucidate the impact in pathways related to other diseases and food applications.展开更多
Objective： Polygonaturn verticillatum （L） All. （Ruscaceae）, one of the Ashtawarga plants, is widely used for treatment of various ailments. The present study was undertaken to determine the phenolic composition, ...Objective： Polygonaturn verticillatum （L） All. （Ruscaceae）, one of the Ashtawarga plants, is widely used for treatment of various ailments. The present study was undertaken to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of several extracts （petroleum ether, dichloro- methane, chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous） from the rhizomes of the plant. Methods： Coarsely powdered dry rhizome was successively extracted with different solvents of increas- ing polarity （petroleum ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethanol and water）. The phenolic composi- tions, in terms of total phenolic content （TPC）, total flavonoid content （TFC） and total condensed tannin content （JTC）, were evaluated with the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay and vanillin spectrophotometric assay, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl and 2,2＇-azino-his（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） assays were used to assess the antioxidant potential of each extract. A protein denaturation model and 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay were used to evaluate in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti- cancer activities, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） analysis was carried out to demonstrate various phytoconstituents in each extract. Correlation studies were also performed between phenolic composition （TPC, TFC and TFC） and different biological activities. Results： Ethanol extract showed maximum TPC （0.126 mg/g, gallic acid equivalent in dry sample）, TFC （0.094 mg/g, rutin equivalent in dry sample） and TTC （29.32 mg/g, catechin equivalent in dry sample）, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chloroform extract exhibited the strongest cyto- toxicity against the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 90 different phytoconstituents among the extracts. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities had a positive correlation with TPC, TFC and TTC. However, the anticancer activity showed a negative correlation with TPC, TFC and TTC. Conclusion： From the present study, it can be concluded that P. verticillaturn possessed remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, which could be due to different secondary metabolites of the plant. Phenolic compounds are likely responsible for antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. However, flavonoids and other compounds might contribute to the anticancer potential of the plant.展开更多
Scientists increasingly recognize the richness of spontaneous plants and herbs as valuable sources of healthpromoting bioactive compounds.In southern Tunisia,several native species hold promise for yielding novel ther...Scientists increasingly recognize the richness of spontaneous plants and herbs as valuable sources of healthpromoting bioactive compounds.In southern Tunisia,several native species hold promise for yielding novel therapeutic molecules.This study assessed six such plants-Artemisia herba-alba,Ephedra alata,Peganum harmala,Pituranthos tortuosus,Polygonum equisetiforme,and Retama raetam-by evaluating their biochemical properties and biological activities relevant to food preservation.Methanolic extracts from aerial parts revealed speciesdependent results.A.herba-alba showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents,with 77.10 mg of gallic acid equivalents(GAE)/g dry weight(DW)and 10.70 mg of quercetin equivalents(QE)/g DW,respectively.Condensed tannin levels ranged from 3.20 mg catechin equivalents(CE)/g DW in P.tortuosus to 13.61 mg CE/g DW in E.alata.LC-ESI-MS analysis identified 27 phenolic compounds,with quinic acid,p-coumaric acid,trans-ferulic acid,rutin,and cirsilineol detected across all species.A.herba-alba exhibited the richest phenolic profile.Antioxidant activity(DPPH and ABTS+assays)varied significantly,with E.alata showing the strongest potential.In contrast,A.herba-alba displayed the most potent antimicrobial effects against Listeria monocytogenes,Salmonella typhimurium,and Escherichia coli,while R.raetam was particularly effective against Staphylococcus aureus.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)highlighted the role of ecological adaptation and taxonomy in shaping phenolic accumulation.A strong compound-specific correlation emerged between phenolic composition and bioactivity,particularly against Gram-positive pathogens.These findings underscore the potential of these medicinal plants as promising sources of natural food preservatives.Their demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial activities support their use in extending shelf life and improving food safety.展开更多
Idesia polycarpa(I.polycarpa)is a newcomer of edible oil crops in China,with rich oil in ripe fruits.Phenolic compounds in six I.polycarpa oil(whole fruit oil from Leibo,LWFO;pulp oil from Leibo,LPO;seed oil from Leib...Idesia polycarpa(I.polycarpa)is a newcomer of edible oil crops in China,with rich oil in ripe fruits.Phenolic compounds in six I.polycarpa oil(whole fruit oil from Leibo,LWFO;pulp oil from Leibo,LPO;seed oil from Leibo,LSO;whole fruit oil from Puan,PWFO;pulp oil from Puan,PPO;and seed oil from Puan,PSO)were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics,and their roles in antioxidant activity were also investigated.Thirty-one phenolic compounds were tentatively identified in I.polycarpa oils,primarily belonging to salicinoid analogues and p-coumaroyl derivatives;and their contents varied greatly from trace to 85.84 mg/kg oil(idescarpin in LSO).Multivariate analyses clearly differentiated the oils of I.polycarpa fruit in according to fruit parts and geographical origins,with twelve phenolics as the discrimative markers.Furthermore,phenolic extracts from the oils,especially LSO and PPO,exerted strong scavenging activity toward DPPH and ABTS radicals.Eight phenolics such as dimethyl coniferin,2-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(6->1)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,1-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-O-p-coumaroyl-glucopyranose,tanegoside A,1-O-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranose,mono-O-acetylated p-coumaroyl idesin,and p-coumaroyl salicortin were the crucial compounds that played important roles in antioxidant potential.Overall,the findings suggested these phenolics as chemical markers for the differentiation and functional evaluation of I.polycarpa oils.展开更多
Grape pomace contains high amounts of bioactive compounds,mainly polyphenols,with different concentrations depending on several factors:grape variety,vinification procedures,even within the same cultivar variation may...Grape pomace contains high amounts of bioactive compounds,mainly polyphenols,with different concentrations depending on several factors:grape variety,vinification procedures,even within the same cultivar variation may be due to the geographic regions and wine vintage.Therefore,phenolic,antioxidant,macro-and micro-nutritional composition of wine waste(pomace and seed)originating from Lacrima di Morro d’Alba red grape variety and pomace of Verdicchio white variety were evaluated for the first time.LC-MS/MS analysis showed the presence of 32 phenolic compounds.The phenolic profile was different in pomace of both varieties:white grape pomaces showed the predominance of flavan-3-ols,while anthocyanins were predominant in red pomaces.Comparing seeds and pomace of Lacrima di Morro d’Alba,catechin and epicatechin are representative com-pounds in red grape seeds,while malvidin-3-galactoside and petunidin-3-glucoside are the most abundant compounds in pomace of all wineries.Highest TPC and antioxidant activities determined by UV-vis spectro-photometer were observed in seed samples.High dietary fibers,polyunsaturated fatty acids,minerals and protein contents were observed in all samples.Wine byproducts of both grape varieties appeared to be a good source of phenolic and nutritional compounds;therefore,they could be a cheap alternative for phenolics production and development of new functional foods.展开更多
Deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are known as environmentally-friendly solvents that have emerged as an alternative to conventional organic solvents in recent years.In this study,the effects of ten different DESs on the ex...Deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are known as environmentally-friendly solvents that have emerged as an alternative to conventional organic solvents in recent years.In this study,the effects of ten different DESs on the extraction of bioactive components from the Hypericum perforatum were investigated.Total phenolic content,total flavonoid content,phenolic profile(32 phenolics),organic acid profile(52 organic acids),as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of H.perforatum extracts prepared using DESs and ultrasonic-assisted extraction method were determined.Total phenolic,total flavonoid content,and antioxidant activities of extracts were determined between 3.10±0.86-16.64±2.09 mg GA/g,0.02±0.00-12.29±0.30 mg QE/g,and 8.40±0.50-44.78±2.66 mg TE/g,respectively.DES2(choline chloride:ethylene glycol)and DES7(choline chloride:lactic acid)demonstrated higher extraction success than other DESs for extracting phenolics and organic acids,respectively.DESs prepared using organic acid as hydrogen bond donor were found to have an antibacterial effect against all bacterial samples.However,the inhibitory effect against yeast-like fungi was observed in a narrower spectrum.Moreover,the results from principal component analysis also confirmed that the type of solvent used for extraction has a significant influence on the phenolics,organic acid,and other parameters.As a result,it was seen that DES components directly affect the extraction efficiency of target compounds from H.perforatum.This is a first and original report about use of DESs in extracting different bioactive components from H.perforatum.展开更多
Moringa oleifera leaves are an important source of dietary phytochemicals,such as flavonoids with high antioxidant activity(AOA).These components are however influenced by the post-harvest treatments applied as well a...Moringa oleifera leaves are an important source of dietary phytochemicals,such as flavonoids with high antioxidant activity(AOA).These components are however influenced by the post-harvest treatments applied as well as the processing conditions.Hence,it is crucial to determine the most appropriate post-harvest treatment that preserves or enhances AOA.To this effect the influence of steam blanching,fermentation/oxidation,oven drying and roasting of fresh Moringa leaves on their AOA was investigated.Processing conditions of time and temperature for each treatment were optimised using response surface methodology.The effect of the different treatments at optimal conditions on phenolic profile and AOA were compared.Roasting achieved the most significant(p<0.05)improvement in phenolics(43%)and AOA(22–31%),which was accompanied by the formation of 2 new compounds,quercetin-3-O-acetylglucoside and Quercetine-3-O-rhamnoside.Steam blanching had the most deleterious effect on phenolics(-31%)and AOA.Post-harvest treatments qualitatively and quantitatively affect phytochemical profile of Moringa leaves.展开更多
This study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial(direct effect and reversal of antibiotics-resistance),neuroprotective(acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibition)and cytotoxic(MTT assay on 2 human cance...This study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial(direct effect and reversal of antibiotics-resistance),neuroprotective(acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibition)and cytotoxic(MTT assay on 2 human cancer cell lines)properties of three Mentha species[M.pulegium L.(MP),M.rotundifolia(L.)Huds(MR),and M.spicata L.(MS)]harvested in Bejaia(Algeria).The phenolic展开更多
Chia seed is an abundant source of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),notably omega-3(ALA),making it valuable for food and pharmaceutical applications.Furthermore,oil contains natural antioxidants such as tocopherol,ph...Chia seed is an abundant source of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),notably omega-3(ALA),making it valuable for food and pharmaceutical applications.Furthermore,oil contains natural antioxidants such as tocopherol,phytosterol,and carotene,and abundant phenolic components like chlorogenic and caffeic acids,making it a potential functional ingredient for promoting cardiovascular and metabolic health.However,the chia oil’s high PUFA content also renders it vulnerable to oxidative degradation,limiting its direct application in food systems.This review systematically explores conventional,green,and assisted extraction methods for chia oil,focusing on yield,fatty acid composition,phenolic content,and overall oil quality.Traditional methods like Soxhlet extraction and screw pressing,while effective,often involve high temperatures or long durations that compromise oil stability.Green techniques such as cold solvent extraction,cold pressing,supercritical fluid extraction(SFE),and pressurized fluid extraction(PFE)offer improved efficiency,eco-friendliness,and better retention of bioactives.SFE and PFE,in particular,are highlighted for their solvent-free nature and precise control over extraction parameters.A key factor in accelerating economic progress is the use of novel technology.These technologies are rarely implemented in a single step and often reach their full potential through successive innovations and improvements.The review explores the potential of utilizing green,aided,and innovative technology,which has been proven to be extremely efficient,cost-effective,and sustainable.The impact of seed pretreatments,such as ultrasound,microwave,and roasting,on oil composition and antioxidant potential is also discussed.These techniques enhance oil recovery and preserve nutritional quality but require careful optimization to avoid degradation of sensitive compounds.Chia seed oil’s rich nutritional profile supports its use in bakery,dairy,meat,and gluten-free food products.Its incorporation improves health benefits without compromising sensory quality.However,variations in oil composition due to geographical,climatic,and processing factors present challenges for standardization.This review underscores the need for further research to optimize green extraction techniques,improve encapsulation strategies,and explore chia oil’s industrial applications.Maximizing the full potential of chia oil as a functional ingredient requires optimized extraction protocols,comprehensive economic evaluations,and environmentally sustainable processing methods.展开更多
This study assessed the profile of defense-related metabolites in tomatoes during ripening by classical and NMR techniques to infer their susceptibility to fungal damage at ripening.Tomatoes of the Khaki variety at di...This study assessed the profile of defense-related metabolites in tomatoes during ripening by classical and NMR techniques to infer their susceptibility to fungal damage at ripening.Tomatoes of the Khaki variety at different ripening stages were standardized regarding their ripeness indicators(color and relation sugar/acid).It was determined pectin content,phenolic profile and activity of enzymes invertase,polygalacturonase,peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase,catalase and phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase.Both^(1)H and^(13)C NMR spectra were used for focusing on metabolites responsible for the defense mechanism,phenolic compounds and organic acids,reinforcing the results from conventional determination.The main change on the defense-related components at ripening stages were the phenolic profile,organic acid and activity of enzymes.The activity of enzymes related to the defense of the fruit decreased during the change from the turning stage to the ripe stage,suggesting that this is a critical point of management to prevent fungal post-harvest damage in tomatoes.The NMR technique was very promising to screening fruit metabolite profiles that were at different stages because it needs little sample preparation,releases fewer residues,results fast and it is less susceptible to experimental errors.展开更多
One method of utilizing mangosteen peel involves subjecting it to the drying process.Applying different pretreatments before drying is seen as an alternative to minimize the negative effects of temperature on obtain-i...One method of utilizing mangosteen peel involves subjecting it to the drying process.Applying different pretreatments before drying is seen as an alternative to minimize the negative effects of temperature on obtain-ing flours.The study investigated various pre-treatment methods to enhance the production of mangosteen peel flour(MPF)while preserving its bioactive compounds.Pre-treatments with ethanol(E),blanching(B),and vacuum pulse(V)were used individually and in combination(EV,BE,BV and BEV),followed by convective drying at 80℃.The obtained flours were evaluated for antioxidant capacity,profile of phenolic compounds and minerals,morphology of particles(SEM),and physical properties.The pre-treated samples showed higher levels of phenolic compounds than the control sample(C),with flavonoids standing out,especially in variants blanched.Samples EV and BEV exhibited high antioxidant capacity.All samples are sources of potassium,copper and zinc.The samples showed irregular particles,with varying sizes,with V,EV,and BEV being smaller and less agglomerated,and the results indicated cohesive properties in MPF.The porosity of the samples was consistent,limiting their flowability.The BEV approach stood out,preserving bioactive components,increasing antioxidant capacity,and proving to be effective in obtaining better MPF.展开更多
The increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds necessitates the exploration of underutilized plant species for their therapeutic potential.Plantago coronopus subsp.commutata(Guss.)Pilg.(Synonym:Plantago weldeni...The increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds necessitates the exploration of underutilized plant species for their therapeutic potential.Plantago coronopus subsp.commutata(Guss.)Pilg.(Synonym:Plantago weldenii Rchb.)is a promising candidate for its phytochemical and pharmacological properties but remains underexplored.This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant activities,and enzyme inhibitory properties of water,methanol,and ethyl acetate extracts of P.coronopus subsp.commutata.Phytochemicals responsible for these bioactivities were identified using quantitative and qualitative methods,including LC-MS/MS analysis.Methanol extraction yielded the highest total phenolic(TPC:36.30 mg GAEs/g)and flavonoid contents(TFC:24.75 mg REs/g),alongside a rich phytochemical profile,particularly verbascoside(46,037μg/g)and luteolin 7-glucoside(84.1μg/g).Methanol extract exhibited the most effective antioxidant activity,with IC50 values of 1.12 mg/mL(DPPH),1.62 mg/mL(ABTS),and an EC50 of 0.93 mg/mL(CUPRAC).Ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest total antioxidant capacity(EC50:1.47 mg/mL),whereas the water extract excelled in metal chelation activity(IC50:1.30 mg/mL).Correlation analysis indicated strong positive associations between TPC,TFC,and antioxidant performance.Enzyme inhibition assays revealed significantα-glucosidase inhibition in the ethyl acetate extract(IC50:1.07 mg/mL)and notable tyrosinase inhibition in the methanol extract(IC50:1.39 mg/mL).Verbascoside and phenolic acids were identified as major contributors to these effects.This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of P.coronopus subsp.commutata,highlighting its phytochemical richness and strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential.These findings suggest the plant’s promising pharmaceutical applications,encouraging future studies to explore its in vivo effects and isolate bioactive compounds for targeted therapeutic use.展开更多
The functional fruit and vegetable honeys were produced by the natural bee feeding method with pomegranate,orange and black carrot concentrates.The natural enrichment method did not cause any negative effects on the q...The functional fruit and vegetable honeys were produced by the natural bee feeding method with pomegranate,orange and black carrot concentrates.The natural enrichment method did not cause any negative effects on the quality criteria questioned in the standards such as moisture,pH,free acidity and HMF(Hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde)content and the quality of the functional honeys obtained was high.Parallel to TPC contents,the antioxidant values of the honeys were increased 5.00-31.50,16.09-53.96 and 21.18-39.72%by enrichment of orange,pomegranate,and black carrot concentrates.Gallic acid in pomegranate honey(14.52%)and chlorogenic acid in black carrot honey(27.01%)were determined as antioxidant components increased by enrichment.The enrichment process also led to an increase in the bioaccessibility characteristics.The increased antioxidant activity of functional honeys(DPPH)was verified by a high negative correlation value(R=0.9103)and decreasing IC50 ratios in the opposite direction.展开更多
The plant-based food market is expanding and demand for novel plant-based milk alternatives is increasing.Compared to conventional milk,lower protein content,and lower sensory acceptance are some of the challenges of ...The plant-based food market is expanding and demand for novel plant-based milk alternatives is increasing.Compared to conventional milk,lower protein content,and lower sensory acceptance are some of the challenges of the plant-based milk alternative industry.This research aimed to develop novel plant-based milk from two different local pistachio varieties grown in Antep and Siirt,Türkiye that would be higher in protein,unsaturated fatty acids,and phenolic compounds,and have superior taste and sensory characteristics.Protein content,fatty acid composition by gas chromatography,phenolic profile by high-pressure liquid chromatography,total phenolic content,and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric method,and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion along with sensory characteristics by quantitative descriptive test were evaluated.The protein contents of the prepared pistachio milk were 3.78%and 3.09%for Antep and Siirt varieties of pistachio milk,respectively.The most abundant fatty acid was oleic acid and the most abundant phenolic compounds were catechin and gallic acid.Moreover,the bio-accessibilities of total phenolic content were 201%and 213%and the bio-accessibility of total antioxidant activity was 200%and 205%for plant-based milk of Antep and Siirt pistachio,respectively.The overall sensory acceptance scores of the prepared pistachio milk were 5.6-7/10.These findings indicated that plant-based milk substitutes prepared from Antep and Siirt pistachio were higher in protein,had highly bio-accessible phenolic content,and overall accepted in terms of sensory except color challenges.展开更多
This study investigated the impact of pre-harvest synthetic chemical treatments on the post-harvest bioactive contents,pasting,colour,and thermal properties of borno brown V.unguiculata(L.)Walp grains.Seeds of borno b...This study investigated the impact of pre-harvest synthetic chemical treatments on the post-harvest bioactive contents,pasting,colour,and thermal properties of borno brown V.unguiculata(L.)Walp grains.Seeds of borno brown V.unguiculata(L.)Walp was planted on an already ploughed,harrowed and ridged plot of land with a portion cultivated as organic and another non-organic.After 90 days,mature grains were harvested and analyzed using standard procedures.Results showed that a total of 44.33 g bioactive compounds/100g grain was present in the organic borno brown V.unguiculata grains whereas,20.56 g bioactive compounds/100g grain was present in the non-organic(control).The identified bioactive compounds in the organic grains included[heneicosane(4.50g/100g grain)];[12-Methyl-E,E-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol(4.09/100g grain)];[3-(2-Hydroxy-6-methylphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone(7.40 g/100g grain)];[Methaqualone(9.08 g/100g grain)].The non-organic contained[heneicosane(4.07g/100g grain)];[3-(2-Hydroxy-6-methylphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone(5.09 g/100g grain)];[Methaqualone(10.61 g/100g grain)].Flavonoids,alkaloids,total phenolic,2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazl(DPPH)and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)contents of the organic grains were 19 mgRE/100g,3.40 mg/100g,1550 mgGAE/100g,2840μmolTEAC/100g,and 20.08 mmol Fe^(2+)/100g,respectively.The non-organic grains had flavonoids(11.31 mgRE/100g),alkaloids(1.86 mg/100g),total phenolic(1110 mgGAE/100g),DPPH(1779μmolTEAC/100g)and FRAP(12.24 mmol Fe^(2+)/100g).The peak viscosity of 111.52 RVU,final viscosity(141.25 RVU)and pasting temperature(82.01℃)were obtained for the organic grains while non-organic had peak viscosity of 93.10RVU,final viscosity(95.20 RVU)and pasting temperature(80.10℃).The colour parameters L^(*),a^(*),b^(*)and ΔE were 73.10,0.68,14.47 and 12.98 for the organic and 84.25,0.30,21.10,and 0.00,respectively for non-organic grains.The thermal property showed enthalpy(ΔH)and peak temperature(T_(p))of 3.12 J/g and 78.25℃ for organic,and 2.14 J/g and 76.28℃ for non-organic grains,respectively.Phenolic compounds profile showed that organic grains were richer in epicatechin,gallic acid,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,4-hydroxy benzoic acid,and catechin.Organic grains showed significant(p<0.05)superiority in bioactive compounds,phytochemicals,and antioxidants over non-organic grains.Good pasting properties of the organic grains showed that it could function as a food thickener.Organic borno brown V.unguiculata grains are rich in health-promoting compounds and could,therefore,be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China for Young Scientists(2023YFD1601100).
文摘Lentinula edodes(L.edodes)is an edible mushroom rich in phenolics,with previous study reporting significant differences in antioxidant activity among L.edodes'varieties.However,L.edodes'phenolics remain incompletely elucidated,and key phenolics influencing the antioxidant activity of different varieties of L.edodes remain uncharacterized.Herein,we used several antioxidant assays to assess the activity of three varieties(Zhexiang 6,Shenxiang 1513 and Yuhua 3)of L.edodes and applied metabolomics to reveal their phenolic composition.Antioxidant assays showed Zhexiang 6 had significantly higher antioxidant activity than Shenxiang 1513 and Yuhua 3.Metabolomics identified 344 phenolic metabolites,including phenolic acids,flavonoids,lignans and coumarins,phenolamides,and tannins.Correlation analysis revealed 37 phenolics that were significantly upregulated in Zhexiang 6 exhibited strong positive correlations with antioxidant activity(P<0.05 and r>0.7),serving as its key antioxidant basis.This study is the first to report phenolamides in L.edodes,enhancing the completeness of L.edodes'phenolic profiles,and establishes phenolic compounds’correlation with antioxidant activity.
基金supported by the Guiding Project of the Eighth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(grant number 2024ZDGY02).
文摘Plums(Prunus domestica L.)are highly valued for their nutritional benefits,antioxidant properties,and economic significance in the dried fruit industry.However,optimizing their drying process while preserving bioactive compounds remains a challenge due to the structural and biochemical changes occurring during ripening.Although extensive research has been conducted on post-harvest drying techniques of plums,the influence of ripening on fruit physicochemical properties,which in turn affects drying characteristics and final dried product quality,has not been sufficiently explored.In this study,plums were categorized into six ripening stages(S1-S6),and their physicochemical characteristics,enzymatic activities,polysaccharide composition,water mobility,drying behavior,and phenolic profiles were systematically analyzed.Results indicated that enzymatic activities of pectin methylesterase,polygalacturonase,and cellulase increased with ripening,leading to cell wall degradation and enhanced water mobility.Chlorogenic acid,quercetin,and procyanidin B1 were the dominant phenolic compounds,with the highest concentrations observed at the S4 stage.The S4 stage exhibited the shortest drying time(12.9 h)and lowest specific energy consumption(7.65 kW・h/kg),while retaining the highest total phenolics(40.19 mg/g DW),ascorbic acid(40.27%retention),and antioxidant activity.Overripe plums(S5-S6)suffered from structural collapse,prolonged drying,and significant phenolic degradation.This study highlights the critical role of ripening in optimizing drying efficiency and bioactive compound retention,providing a novel approach to improving dried plum quality.
基金National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq No.248705/2013-0)
文摘Green tea has been an important beverage for humans since ancient times, widely consumed and considered to have health benefits by traditional medicine in Asian countries. Green tea phenolic compounds are predominately composed of catechin derivatives, although other compounds such as flavonols and phenolic acids are also present in lower proportion. The bioactivity exerted by these compounds has been associated with reduced risk of severe illnesses such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, epigallocatechin gallate has been implicated in alteration mechanisms with protective effect in these diseases as indicated by several studies about the effect of green tea consumption and mechanistic explanation through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The biological activity of green tea phenolic compounds also promotes a protective effect by antioxidant mechanisms in biological and food systems, preventing the oxidative damage by acting over either precursors or reactive species. Extraction of phenolic compounds influences the antioxidant activity and promotes adequate separation from green tea leaves to enhance the yield and/or antioxidant activity. Application of green tea phenolic compounds is of great interest because the antioxidant status of the products is enhanced and provides the product with additional antioxidant activity or reduces the undesirable changes of oxidative reactions while processing or storing food.In this scenario, meat and meat products are greatly influenced by oxidative deterioration and microbial spoilage, leading to reduced shelf life. Green tea extracts rich in phenolic compounds have been applied to increase shelf life with comparable effect to synthetic compounds, commonly used by food industry. Green tea has great importance in general health in technological application, however more studies are necessary to elucidate the impact in pathways related to other diseases and food applications.
基金The financial support of University Grants Commission,New Delhi,India as Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship[F1-17.1/2013-14/RGNF-2013-14-SC-UTT-36274/(SA-III/Website)]to SKSUGC-BSR Research Start-Up-Grant to AP[N.F.20-14[3]/2012(BSR)]
文摘Objective： Polygonaturn verticillatum （L） All. （Ruscaceae）, one of the Ashtawarga plants, is widely used for treatment of various ailments. The present study was undertaken to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of several extracts （petroleum ether, dichloro- methane, chloroform, ethanol, and aqueous） from the rhizomes of the plant. Methods： Coarsely powdered dry rhizome was successively extracted with different solvents of increas- ing polarity （petroleum ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethanol and water）. The phenolic composi- tions, in terms of total phenolic content （TPC）, total flavonoid content （TFC） and total condensed tannin content （JTC）, were evaluated with the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay and vanillin spectrophotometric assay, respectively. Total antioxidant capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl and 2,2＇-azino-his（3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） assays were used to assess the antioxidant potential of each extract. A protein denaturation model and 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay were used to evaluate in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti- cancer activities, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC/MS） analysis was carried out to demonstrate various phytoconstituents in each extract. Correlation studies were also performed between phenolic composition （TPC, TFC and TFC） and different biological activities. Results： Ethanol extract showed maximum TPC （0.126 mg/g, gallic acid equivalent in dry sample）, TFC （0.094 mg/g, rutin equivalent in dry sample） and TTC （29.32 mg/g, catechin equivalent in dry sample）, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Chloroform extract exhibited the strongest cyto- toxicity against the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 90 different phytoconstituents among the extracts. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities had a positive correlation with TPC, TFC and TTC. However, the anticancer activity showed a negative correlation with TPC, TFC and TTC. Conclusion： From the present study, it can be concluded that P. verticillaturn possessed remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities, which could be due to different secondary metabolites of the plant. Phenolic compounds are likely responsible for antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. However, flavonoids and other compounds might contribute to the anticancer potential of the plant.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)(grant number IMSIU-DDRSP2501).
文摘Scientists increasingly recognize the richness of spontaneous plants and herbs as valuable sources of healthpromoting bioactive compounds.In southern Tunisia,several native species hold promise for yielding novel therapeutic molecules.This study assessed six such plants-Artemisia herba-alba,Ephedra alata,Peganum harmala,Pituranthos tortuosus,Polygonum equisetiforme,and Retama raetam-by evaluating their biochemical properties and biological activities relevant to food preservation.Methanolic extracts from aerial parts revealed speciesdependent results.A.herba-alba showed the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents,with 77.10 mg of gallic acid equivalents(GAE)/g dry weight(DW)and 10.70 mg of quercetin equivalents(QE)/g DW,respectively.Condensed tannin levels ranged from 3.20 mg catechin equivalents(CE)/g DW in P.tortuosus to 13.61 mg CE/g DW in E.alata.LC-ESI-MS analysis identified 27 phenolic compounds,with quinic acid,p-coumaric acid,trans-ferulic acid,rutin,and cirsilineol detected across all species.A.herba-alba exhibited the richest phenolic profile.Antioxidant activity(DPPH and ABTS+assays)varied significantly,with E.alata showing the strongest potential.In contrast,A.herba-alba displayed the most potent antimicrobial effects against Listeria monocytogenes,Salmonella typhimurium,and Escherichia coli,while R.raetam was particularly effective against Staphylococcus aureus.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)highlighted the role of ecological adaptation and taxonomy in shaping phenolic accumulation.A strong compound-specific correlation emerged between phenolic composition and bioactivity,particularly against Gram-positive pathogens.These findings underscore the potential of these medicinal plants as promising sources of natural food preservatives.Their demonstrated antioxidant and antimicrobial activities support their use in extending shelf life and improving food safety.
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272242)Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Projects(2024C04014,2025C04041)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LTGN24C200011).
文摘Idesia polycarpa(I.polycarpa)is a newcomer of edible oil crops in China,with rich oil in ripe fruits.Phenolic compounds in six I.polycarpa oil(whole fruit oil from Leibo,LWFO;pulp oil from Leibo,LPO;seed oil from Leibo,LSO;whole fruit oil from Puan,PWFO;pulp oil from Puan,PPO;and seed oil from Puan,PSO)were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics,and their roles in antioxidant activity were also investigated.Thirty-one phenolic compounds were tentatively identified in I.polycarpa oils,primarily belonging to salicinoid analogues and p-coumaroyl derivatives;and their contents varied greatly from trace to 85.84 mg/kg oil(idescarpin in LSO).Multivariate analyses clearly differentiated the oils of I.polycarpa fruit in according to fruit parts and geographical origins,with twelve phenolics as the discrimative markers.Furthermore,phenolic extracts from the oils,especially LSO and PPO,exerted strong scavenging activity toward DPPH and ABTS radicals.Eight phenolics such as dimethyl coniferin,2-hydroxyphenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(6->1)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,1-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-O-p-coumaroyl-glucopyranose,tanegoside A,1-O-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranose,mono-O-acetylated p-coumaroyl idesin,and p-coumaroyl salicortin were the crucial compounds that played important roles in antioxidant potential.Overall,the findings suggested these phenolics as chemical markers for the differentiation and functional evaluation of I.polycarpa oils.
基金funded by GAL“Colli Esini San Vicino”under PIANO DI SVILUPPO LOCALE 2014-2020,BANDO MISURA 19.2.16.2:Attivazione di progetti di innovazione tra imprese e mondo della ricerca e della consulenza nei settori“smart”.
文摘Grape pomace contains high amounts of bioactive compounds,mainly polyphenols,with different concentrations depending on several factors:grape variety,vinification procedures,even within the same cultivar variation may be due to the geographic regions and wine vintage.Therefore,phenolic,antioxidant,macro-and micro-nutritional composition of wine waste(pomace and seed)originating from Lacrima di Morro d’Alba red grape variety and pomace of Verdicchio white variety were evaluated for the first time.LC-MS/MS analysis showed the presence of 32 phenolic compounds.The phenolic profile was different in pomace of both varieties:white grape pomaces showed the predominance of flavan-3-ols,while anthocyanins were predominant in red pomaces.Comparing seeds and pomace of Lacrima di Morro d’Alba,catechin and epicatechin are representative com-pounds in red grape seeds,while malvidin-3-galactoside and petunidin-3-glucoside are the most abundant compounds in pomace of all wineries.Highest TPC and antioxidant activities determined by UV-vis spectro-photometer were observed in seed samples.High dietary fibers,polyunsaturated fatty acids,minerals and protein contents were observed in all samples.Wine byproducts of both grape varieties appeared to be a good source of phenolic and nutritional compounds;therefore,they could be a cheap alternative for phenolics production and development of new functional foods.
基金supported by Bayburt University,Turkey,Scientific Research Projects Commission with project number 2021/69001-01-09.
文摘Deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are known as environmentally-friendly solvents that have emerged as an alternative to conventional organic solvents in recent years.In this study,the effects of ten different DESs on the extraction of bioactive components from the Hypericum perforatum were investigated.Total phenolic content,total flavonoid content,phenolic profile(32 phenolics),organic acid profile(52 organic acids),as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of H.perforatum extracts prepared using DESs and ultrasonic-assisted extraction method were determined.Total phenolic,total flavonoid content,and antioxidant activities of extracts were determined between 3.10±0.86-16.64±2.09 mg GA/g,0.02±0.00-12.29±0.30 mg QE/g,and 8.40±0.50-44.78±2.66 mg TE/g,respectively.DES2(choline chloride:ethylene glycol)and DES7(choline chloride:lactic acid)demonstrated higher extraction success than other DESs for extracting phenolics and organic acids,respectively.DESs prepared using organic acid as hydrogen bond donor were found to have an antibacterial effect against all bacterial samples.However,the inhibitory effect against yeast-like fungi was observed in a narrower spectrum.Moreover,the results from principal component analysis also confirmed that the type of solvent used for extraction has a significant influence on the phenolics,organic acid,and other parameters.As a result,it was seen that DES components directly affect the extraction efficiency of target compounds from H.perforatum.This is a first and original report about use of DESs in extracting different bioactive components from H.perforatum.
基金TWAS-CSIR postgraduate fellowship program(FR number:3240280447 to Mr.Nobossé).
文摘Moringa oleifera leaves are an important source of dietary phytochemicals,such as flavonoids with high antioxidant activity(AOA).These components are however influenced by the post-harvest treatments applied as well as the processing conditions.Hence,it is crucial to determine the most appropriate post-harvest treatment that preserves or enhances AOA.To this effect the influence of steam blanching,fermentation/oxidation,oven drying and roasting of fresh Moringa leaves on their AOA was investigated.Processing conditions of time and temperature for each treatment were optimised using response surface methodology.The effect of the different treatments at optimal conditions on phenolic profile and AOA were compared.Roasting achieved the most significant(p<0.05)improvement in phenolics(43%)and AOA(22–31%),which was accompanied by the formation of 2 new compounds,quercetin-3-O-acetylglucoside and Quercetine-3-O-rhamnoside.Steam blanching had the most deleterious effect on phenolics(-31%)and AOA.Post-harvest treatments qualitatively and quantitatively affect phytochemical profile of Moringa leaves.
文摘This study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial(direct effect and reversal of antibiotics-resistance),neuroprotective(acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase inhibition)and cytotoxic(MTT assay on 2 human cancer cell lines)properties of three Mentha species[M.pulegium L.(MP),M.rotundifolia(L.)Huds(MR),and M.spicata L.(MS)]harvested in Bejaia(Algeria).The phenolic
文摘Chia seed is an abundant source of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),notably omega-3(ALA),making it valuable for food and pharmaceutical applications.Furthermore,oil contains natural antioxidants such as tocopherol,phytosterol,and carotene,and abundant phenolic components like chlorogenic and caffeic acids,making it a potential functional ingredient for promoting cardiovascular and metabolic health.However,the chia oil’s high PUFA content also renders it vulnerable to oxidative degradation,limiting its direct application in food systems.This review systematically explores conventional,green,and assisted extraction methods for chia oil,focusing on yield,fatty acid composition,phenolic content,and overall oil quality.Traditional methods like Soxhlet extraction and screw pressing,while effective,often involve high temperatures or long durations that compromise oil stability.Green techniques such as cold solvent extraction,cold pressing,supercritical fluid extraction(SFE),and pressurized fluid extraction(PFE)offer improved efficiency,eco-friendliness,and better retention of bioactives.SFE and PFE,in particular,are highlighted for their solvent-free nature and precise control over extraction parameters.A key factor in accelerating economic progress is the use of novel technology.These technologies are rarely implemented in a single step and often reach their full potential through successive innovations and improvements.The review explores the potential of utilizing green,aided,and innovative technology,which has been proven to be extremely efficient,cost-effective,and sustainable.The impact of seed pretreatments,such as ultrasound,microwave,and roasting,on oil composition and antioxidant potential is also discussed.These techniques enhance oil recovery and preserve nutritional quality but require careful optimization to avoid degradation of sensitive compounds.Chia seed oil’s rich nutritional profile supports its use in bakery,dairy,meat,and gluten-free food products.Its incorporation improves health benefits without compromising sensory quality.However,variations in oil composition due to geographical,climatic,and processing factors present challenges for standardization.This review underscores the need for further research to optimize green extraction techniques,improve encapsulation strategies,and explore chia oil’s industrial applications.Maximizing the full potential of chia oil as a functional ingredient requires optimized extraction protocols,comprehensive economic evaluations,and environmentally sustainable processing methods.
文摘This study assessed the profile of defense-related metabolites in tomatoes during ripening by classical and NMR techniques to infer their susceptibility to fungal damage at ripening.Tomatoes of the Khaki variety at different ripening stages were standardized regarding their ripeness indicators(color and relation sugar/acid).It was determined pectin content,phenolic profile and activity of enzymes invertase,polygalacturonase,peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase,catalase and phenylalanine-ammonia-lyase.Both^(1)H and^(13)C NMR spectra were used for focusing on metabolites responsible for the defense mechanism,phenolic compounds and organic acids,reinforcing the results from conventional determination.The main change on the defense-related components at ripening stages were the phenolic profile,organic acid and activity of enzymes.The activity of enzymes related to the defense of the fruit decreased during the change from the turning stage to the ripe stage,suggesting that this is a critical point of management to prevent fungal post-harvest damage in tomatoes.The NMR technique was very promising to screening fruit metabolite profiles that were at different stages because it needs little sample preparation,releases fewer residues,results fast and it is less susceptible to experimental errors.
文摘One method of utilizing mangosteen peel involves subjecting it to the drying process.Applying different pretreatments before drying is seen as an alternative to minimize the negative effects of temperature on obtain-ing flours.The study investigated various pre-treatment methods to enhance the production of mangosteen peel flour(MPF)while preserving its bioactive compounds.Pre-treatments with ethanol(E),blanching(B),and vacuum pulse(V)were used individually and in combination(EV,BE,BV and BEV),followed by convective drying at 80℃.The obtained flours were evaluated for antioxidant capacity,profile of phenolic compounds and minerals,morphology of particles(SEM),and physical properties.The pre-treated samples showed higher levels of phenolic compounds than the control sample(C),with flavonoids standing out,especially in variants blanched.Samples EV and BEV exhibited high antioxidant capacity.All samples are sources of potassium,copper and zinc.The samples showed irregular particles,with varying sizes,with V,EV,and BEV being smaller and less agglomerated,and the results indicated cohesive properties in MPF.The porosity of the samples was consistent,limiting their flowability.The BEV approach stood out,preserving bioactive components,increasing antioxidant capacity,and proving to be effective in obtaining better MPF.
基金support from the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University(Türkiye)under project number 22.GENEL.030.
文摘The increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds necessitates the exploration of underutilized plant species for their therapeutic potential.Plantago coronopus subsp.commutata(Guss.)Pilg.(Synonym:Plantago weldenii Rchb.)is a promising candidate for its phytochemical and pharmacological properties but remains underexplored.This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition,antioxidant activities,and enzyme inhibitory properties of water,methanol,and ethyl acetate extracts of P.coronopus subsp.commutata.Phytochemicals responsible for these bioactivities were identified using quantitative and qualitative methods,including LC-MS/MS analysis.Methanol extraction yielded the highest total phenolic(TPC:36.30 mg GAEs/g)and flavonoid contents(TFC:24.75 mg REs/g),alongside a rich phytochemical profile,particularly verbascoside(46,037μg/g)and luteolin 7-glucoside(84.1μg/g).Methanol extract exhibited the most effective antioxidant activity,with IC50 values of 1.12 mg/mL(DPPH),1.62 mg/mL(ABTS),and an EC50 of 0.93 mg/mL(CUPRAC).Ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest total antioxidant capacity(EC50:1.47 mg/mL),whereas the water extract excelled in metal chelation activity(IC50:1.30 mg/mL).Correlation analysis indicated strong positive associations between TPC,TFC,and antioxidant performance.Enzyme inhibition assays revealed significantα-glucosidase inhibition in the ethyl acetate extract(IC50:1.07 mg/mL)and notable tyrosinase inhibition in the methanol extract(IC50:1.39 mg/mL).Verbascoside and phenolic acids were identified as major contributors to these effects.This study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of P.coronopus subsp.commutata,highlighting its phytochemical richness and strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential.These findings suggest the plant’s promising pharmaceutical applications,encouraging future studies to explore its in vivo effects and isolate bioactive compounds for targeted therapeutic use.
文摘The functional fruit and vegetable honeys were produced by the natural bee feeding method with pomegranate,orange and black carrot concentrates.The natural enrichment method did not cause any negative effects on the quality criteria questioned in the standards such as moisture,pH,free acidity and HMF(Hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde)content and the quality of the functional honeys obtained was high.Parallel to TPC contents,the antioxidant values of the honeys were increased 5.00-31.50,16.09-53.96 and 21.18-39.72%by enrichment of orange,pomegranate,and black carrot concentrates.Gallic acid in pomegranate honey(14.52%)and chlorogenic acid in black carrot honey(27.01%)were determined as antioxidant components increased by enrichment.The enrichment process also led to an increase in the bioaccessibility characteristics.The increased antioxidant activity of functional honeys(DPPH)was verified by a high negative correlation value(R=0.9103)and decreasing IC50 ratios in the opposite direction.
文摘The plant-based food market is expanding and demand for novel plant-based milk alternatives is increasing.Compared to conventional milk,lower protein content,and lower sensory acceptance are some of the challenges of the plant-based milk alternative industry.This research aimed to develop novel plant-based milk from two different local pistachio varieties grown in Antep and Siirt,Türkiye that would be higher in protein,unsaturated fatty acids,and phenolic compounds,and have superior taste and sensory characteristics.Protein content,fatty acid composition by gas chromatography,phenolic profile by high-pressure liquid chromatography,total phenolic content,and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric method,and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion along with sensory characteristics by quantitative descriptive test were evaluated.The protein contents of the prepared pistachio milk were 3.78%and 3.09%for Antep and Siirt varieties of pistachio milk,respectively.The most abundant fatty acid was oleic acid and the most abundant phenolic compounds were catechin and gallic acid.Moreover,the bio-accessibilities of total phenolic content were 201%and 213%and the bio-accessibility of total antioxidant activity was 200%and 205%for plant-based milk of Antep and Siirt pistachio,respectively.The overall sensory acceptance scores of the prepared pistachio milk were 5.6-7/10.These findings indicated that plant-based milk substitutes prepared from Antep and Siirt pistachio were higher in protein,had highly bio-accessible phenolic content,and overall accepted in terms of sensory except color challenges.
基金supported by the Tertiary Education Trust Fund(TETFUND),Nigeria.
文摘This study investigated the impact of pre-harvest synthetic chemical treatments on the post-harvest bioactive contents,pasting,colour,and thermal properties of borno brown V.unguiculata(L.)Walp grains.Seeds of borno brown V.unguiculata(L.)Walp was planted on an already ploughed,harrowed and ridged plot of land with a portion cultivated as organic and another non-organic.After 90 days,mature grains were harvested and analyzed using standard procedures.Results showed that a total of 44.33 g bioactive compounds/100g grain was present in the organic borno brown V.unguiculata grains whereas,20.56 g bioactive compounds/100g grain was present in the non-organic(control).The identified bioactive compounds in the organic grains included[heneicosane(4.50g/100g grain)];[12-Methyl-E,E-2,13-octadecadien-1-ol(4.09/100g grain)];[3-(2-Hydroxy-6-methylphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone(7.40 g/100g grain)];[Methaqualone(9.08 g/100g grain)].The non-organic contained[heneicosane(4.07g/100g grain)];[3-(2-Hydroxy-6-methylphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone(5.09 g/100g grain)];[Methaqualone(10.61 g/100g grain)].Flavonoids,alkaloids,total phenolic,2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazl(DPPH)and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)contents of the organic grains were 19 mgRE/100g,3.40 mg/100g,1550 mgGAE/100g,2840μmolTEAC/100g,and 20.08 mmol Fe^(2+)/100g,respectively.The non-organic grains had flavonoids(11.31 mgRE/100g),alkaloids(1.86 mg/100g),total phenolic(1110 mgGAE/100g),DPPH(1779μmolTEAC/100g)and FRAP(12.24 mmol Fe^(2+)/100g).The peak viscosity of 111.52 RVU,final viscosity(141.25 RVU)and pasting temperature(82.01℃)were obtained for the organic grains while non-organic had peak viscosity of 93.10RVU,final viscosity(95.20 RVU)and pasting temperature(80.10℃).The colour parameters L^(*),a^(*),b^(*)and ΔE were 73.10,0.68,14.47 and 12.98 for the organic and 84.25,0.30,21.10,and 0.00,respectively for non-organic grains.The thermal property showed enthalpy(ΔH)and peak temperature(T_(p))of 3.12 J/g and 78.25℃ for organic,and 2.14 J/g and 76.28℃ for non-organic grains,respectively.Phenolic compounds profile showed that organic grains were richer in epicatechin,gallic acid,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,4-hydroxy benzoic acid,and catechin.Organic grains showed significant(p<0.05)superiority in bioactive compounds,phytochemicals,and antioxidants over non-organic grains.Good pasting properties of the organic grains showed that it could function as a food thickener.Organic borno brown V.unguiculata grains are rich in health-promoting compounds and could,therefore,be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods.
