Dynamical quantum phase transitions(DQPTs),characterized by non-analytic behavior in rate function and abrupt changes in dynamic topological order parameters(DTOPs)over time,have garnered enormous attention in recent ...Dynamical quantum phase transitions(DQPTs),characterized by non-analytic behavior in rate function and abrupt changes in dynamic topological order parameters(DTOPs)over time,have garnered enormous attention in recent decades.However,in non-Hermitian systems,the special biorthogonality of the bases makes the definition of DQPTs complex.In this work,we delve into the comprehensive investigation of self-normal DQPTs(originally used in Hermitian systems)to compare them with their biorthogonal counterpart,within the context of non-Hermitian quantum walks(QWs).We present a detailed analysis of the behaviors of Loschmidt rate functions and DTOPs under these two distinct theoretical approaches.While both self-normal and biorthogonal methods can be used to detect DQPTs in quench dynamics between different topological phases,we theoretically present their differences in the definition of critical momenta and critical times by analyzing the Fisher zeros and fixed points.Finally,we present an experiment that observes both types of DQPTs using one-dimensional discrete-time QWs with single photons.展开更多
This paper presents the preparations and characterization of vesicles of four new fluoro- carbon amphiphiles with 1,3-disubstituted glycerol structure in common and different headgroups (OH, 1; CO_2H, 2; quaternary am...This paper presents the preparations and characterization of vesicles of four new fluoro- carbon amphiphiles with 1,3-disubstituted glycerol structure in common and different headgroups (OH, 1; CO_2H, 2; quaternary ammonium salt, 3; and pyridinium salt, 4). These vesicles have higher transition temperature due to the stronger hydrophobic interaction between fluorocarbon chains. Addition of fluorocarbon additives with carboxylic acid or quaternary ammonium salt head group respectively shows different influences on phase behavior of vesicles of 2. These results are discussed based on the interaction within headgroup, hydrophobicity and specific mutahydrophobic interaction between fluoro- and hydrocarbon chains.展开更多
The phenomenon of vitrification,or glass transition,remains one of the most intriguing unsolved issues in condensed matter physics[1].Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)has long been considered a valuable technique...The phenomenon of vitrification,or glass transition,remains one of the most intriguing unsolved issues in condensed matter physics[1].Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)has long been considered a valuable technique for addressing this question[2].Since its commercialization in the 1960s,DSC has become a widely used tool in materials science for characterizing thermodynamic and kinetics properties[3],phase transitions[4],and enthalpy changes[5]in glasses.Traditional DSC features a time constant of approximately 1 s and scanning rate ranging from 0.1 to 300 K min^(-1).With the emergence of fast scanning calorimetry(FSC),this tool has evolved from a basic characterization method to an advanced and versatile technique for various aspects of glassy materials.The first generation of commercial FSC,utilizing a twin-chip sensor designed for the Mettler Toledo Flash 1 DSC[6,7],achieved a signal time constant below 1 ms,enabling high heating rate(qh)up to 40000 K s^(-1) and cooling rate(qc)of 10000 K s^(-1) within a temperature range of 173 to 793 K.The second generation,FDSC 2+,further increased these rates to 60000 K s^(-1) for heating and 40000 K s^(-1) for cooling,expanding the maximum temperature to 1273 K and facilitating the in-situ melting of various alloys[8].展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1406701)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12025401,92265209,12474352,92476106,and 12088101)Kunkun Wang and Lei Xiao acknowledge support from Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics(No.2024BNLCMPKF010).
文摘Dynamical quantum phase transitions(DQPTs),characterized by non-analytic behavior in rate function and abrupt changes in dynamic topological order parameters(DTOPs)over time,have garnered enormous attention in recent decades.However,in non-Hermitian systems,the special biorthogonality of the bases makes the definition of DQPTs complex.In this work,we delve into the comprehensive investigation of self-normal DQPTs(originally used in Hermitian systems)to compare them with their biorthogonal counterpart,within the context of non-Hermitian quantum walks(QWs).We present a detailed analysis of the behaviors of Loschmidt rate functions and DTOPs under these two distinct theoretical approaches.While both self-normal and biorthogonal methods can be used to detect DQPTs in quench dynamics between different topological phases,we theoretically present their differences in the definition of critical momenta and critical times by analyzing the Fisher zeros and fixed points.Finally,we present an experiment that observes both types of DQPTs using one-dimensional discrete-time QWs with single photons.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘This paper presents the preparations and characterization of vesicles of four new fluoro- carbon amphiphiles with 1,3-disubstituted glycerol structure in common and different headgroups (OH, 1; CO_2H, 2; quaternary ammonium salt, 3; and pyridinium salt, 4). These vesicles have higher transition temperature due to the stronger hydrophobic interaction between fluorocarbon chains. Addition of fluorocarbon additives with carboxylic acid or quaternary ammonium salt head group respectively shows different influences on phase behavior of vesicles of 2. These results are discussed based on the interaction within headgroup, hydrophobicity and specific mutahydrophobic interaction between fluoro- and hydrocarbon chains.
文摘The phenomenon of vitrification,or glass transition,remains one of the most intriguing unsolved issues in condensed matter physics[1].Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)has long been considered a valuable technique for addressing this question[2].Since its commercialization in the 1960s,DSC has become a widely used tool in materials science for characterizing thermodynamic and kinetics properties[3],phase transitions[4],and enthalpy changes[5]in glasses.Traditional DSC features a time constant of approximately 1 s and scanning rate ranging from 0.1 to 300 K min^(-1).With the emergence of fast scanning calorimetry(FSC),this tool has evolved from a basic characterization method to an advanced and versatile technique for various aspects of glassy materials.The first generation of commercial FSC,utilizing a twin-chip sensor designed for the Mettler Toledo Flash 1 DSC[6,7],achieved a signal time constant below 1 ms,enabling high heating rate(qh)up to 40000 K s^(-1) and cooling rate(qc)of 10000 K s^(-1) within a temperature range of 173 to 793 K.The second generation,FDSC 2+,further increased these rates to 60000 K s^(-1) for heating and 40000 K s^(-1) for cooling,expanding the maximum temperature to 1273 K and facilitating the in-situ melting of various alloys[8].
