Using a field equation with a phase factor, a universal analytic potential-energy function applied to the interactions between diatoms or molecules is derived, and five kinds of potential curves of common shapes are o...Using a field equation with a phase factor, a universal analytic potential-energy function applied to the interactions between diatoms or molecules is derived, and five kinds of potential curves of common shapes are obtained adjusting the phase factors. The linear thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli of eleven kinds of face-centered cubic (fcc) metals - Al, Cu, Ag, etc. are calculated using the potential-energy function; the computational results are quite consistent with experimental values. Moreover, an analytic relation between the linear thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli of fcc metals is given using the potential-energy function. Finally, the force constants of fifty-five kinds of diatomic moleculars with low excitation state are computed using this theory, and they are quite consistent with RKR (Rydberg-Klein-Rees) experimental values.展开更多
In this paper, a new partial transmit sequence（PTS）scheme with low computational complexity is proposed for the problems of high computational complexity in the conventional PTS method. By analyzing the relationship...In this paper, a new partial transmit sequence（PTS）scheme with low computational complexity is proposed for the problems of high computational complexity in the conventional PTS method. By analyzing the relationship of candidate sequences in the PTS method under the interleaved partition method, it has been discovered that some candidate sequences generated by phase factor sequences have the same peak average power ratio（PAPR）. Hence, phase factor sequences can be optimized to reduce their searching times. Then, the computational process of generating candidate sequences can be simplified by improving the utilization of data and minimizing the calculations of complex multiplication. The performance analysis shows that, compared with the conventional PTS scheme, the proposed approach significantly decreases the computational complexity and has no loss of PAPR performance.展开更多
BACKGROUND Uncontrolled growth and loss of control over basic metabolic functions,leading to invasive proliferation and metastases,are the salient traits of malignant tumors in general and colorectal cancer in particu...BACKGROUND Uncontrolled growth and loss of control over basic metabolic functions,leading to invasive proliferation and metastases,are the salient traits of malignant tumors in general and colorectal cancer in particular.Invasion and metastases hinder effective tumor treatment.While surgical techniques and radiotherapy can be used to remove tumor focus,only chemotherapy can eliminate dispersed neoplastic cells.However,the efficacy of the latter method is limited in the advanced stages of the disease.Therefore,recognition of the mechanisms involved in neoplastic cell spreading is indispensable for developing effective therapies.AIM To use a number of biomarkers involved in cancer progression and identify a panel that could be used for effective early diagnosis.METHODS We recruited 185 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma(98 men,87 women with median age 63).Thirty-five healthy controls were sex and age-matched.Dukes’staging was as follows:A=22,B=52,C=72,D=39.We analyzed patients'blood serum before surgery.We determined:(1)Cathepsin B(CB)with Barrett's method(fluorogenic substrate);(2)Leukocytic elastase(LE)in a complex with alpha 1 trypsin inhibitor(AAT)using the immunoenzymatic MERCK test;(3)Total sialic acid(TSA)with the colorimetric periodate-resorcinol method;(4)Lipid-bound sialic acid(LASA)with the colorimetric Taut's method;and(5)The antitrypsin activity(ATA)employing the colorimetric test.RESULTS In patients,the values of the five biochemical parameters were as follows:CB=16.1±8.8 mU/L,LE=875±598μg/L,TSA=99±31 mg%,LASA=0.68±0.33 mg%,and ATA=3211±1504 U/mL.Except for LASA,they were significantly greater than those of controls:CB=11.4±6.5 mU/L,LE=379±187μg/L,TSA=71.4±15.1 mg%,LASA=0.69±0.28 mg%,and ATA=2016±690 U/mL.For CB and LASA,the differences between the four Dukes’stages and controls were not statistically significant.The inter-stage differences for CB and LASA were also absent.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis revealed the potential diagnostic value of CB,TSA,and ATA.The area under ROC,sensitivity,and specificity for these three parameters were:0.85,72%,90%;0.75,66%,77%;and 0.77,63%,84%,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity for the threeparameter panel CB-TSA-ATA were equal to 88.2%and 100%,respectively.CONCLUSION The increased value of CB,TSA,and ATA parameters are associated with tumor biology,invasion,and metastasis of colorectal cancer.The presented evidence suggests the potential value of the CB-TSA-ATA biochemical marker panel in early diagnostics.展开更多
Generalized solutions of the standard gauge transformation equations are presented and discussed in physical terms. They go beyond the usual Dirac phase factors and they exhibit nonlocal quantal behavior, with the wel...Generalized solutions of the standard gauge transformation equations are presented and discussed in physical terms. They go beyond the usual Dirac phase factors and they exhibit nonlocal quantal behavior, with the well-known Relativistic Causality of classical fields affecting directly the phases of wavefunctions in the Schr?dinger Picture. These nonlocal phase behaviors, apparently overlooked in path-integral approaches, give a natural account of the dynamical nonlocality character of the various (even static) Aharonov-Bohm phenomena, while at the same time they seem to respect Causality. For particles passing through nonvanishing magnetic or electric fields they lead to cancellations of Aharonov-Bohm phases at the observation point, generalizing earlier semiclassical experimental observations (of Werner & Brill) to delocalized (spread-out) quantum states. This leads to a correction of previously unnoticed sign-errors in the literature, and to a natural explanation of the deeper reason why certain time-dependent semiclassical arguments are consistent with static results in purely quantal Aharonov-Bohm configurations. These nonlocalities also provide a remedy for misleading results propagating in the literature (concerning an uncritical use of Dirac phase factors, that persists since the time of Feynman’s work on path integrals). They are shown to conspire in such a way as to exactly cancel the instantaneous Aharonov-Bohm phase and recover Relativistic Causality in earlier “paradoxes” (such as the van Kampen thought-experiment), and to also complete Peshkin’s discussion of the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect in a causal manner. The present formulation offers a direct way to address time-dependent single- vs double-slit experiments and the associated causal issues—issues that have recently attracted attention, with respect to the inability of current theories to address them.展开更多
Suppose the degenerate states wave function of a Hamitonian operatorHis accompanied by a natural phase factor, then we can own it to the role of sometransformation generator played by some non--degenerate Hermitian op...Suppose the degenerate states wave function of a Hamitonian operatorHis accompanied by a natural phase factor, then we can own it to the role of sometransformation generator played by some non--degenerate Hermitian operator containedin the complete set of conserved mechanical quantities. When this idea is extended tothe spece coordinated by parameters and the momentum--like operator is introduced,thenon-Abelian Berry phose factor of degenerate wave function can be easily gotter afterthe system evolves along a closed adiabatic curve.展开更多
The effect of rare earth （RE） on bainite trans- formation mechanism is not yet unified in the academia. Therefore, further studying the effect of RE on bainite transformation mechanism will have important guiding si...The effect of rare earth （RE） on bainite trans- formation mechanism is not yet unified in the academia. Therefore, further studying the effect of RE on bainite transformation mechanism will have important guiding significance for the development of bainite steels. In this paper, using differential dilatometer （DIL805A/D）, heat treatment was performed and C-curve was drawn. The effect of phase structure factor on bainite transformation under two different fractions of RE in Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels was investigated by the empirical electron theory （EET） of solids, molecules, dilatometry, and metallogra- phy. Experimental results show that RE makes Fe-C- RE segregation structural unit of Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels increase, i.e., the values of phase structure factor （na, FDC） increase, and delay bainite transformation due to the drag effect resulting from the segregation of RE ferrite island interphase and the retardation of RE to carbon diffusion in Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels. Beside this, C-curve is shifted to right and down, and microstructures of bainite ferrite and substructures are finer.展开更多
The influencing factors for liquid phase catalytic oxidation of mine gas to methanol(in form of CH3COOCH3) are studied using the self-established experimental apparatus. The results show that CH3COOCH3(target product)...The influencing factors for liquid phase catalytic oxidation of mine gas to methanol(in form of CH3COOCH3) are studied using the self-established experimental apparatus. The results show that CH3COOCH3(target product) is obtained by using CH3COOH as reaction solvent, and the yield of target product increases with the increasing of reaction temperature, gas pressure and reaction time. In the mine gas-Pd(OAc)2-CH3COOH system, the yield of CH3COOCH3 increases with the increasing of addition of Pd(OAc)2 which is redox catalyst for mine gas conversion. The yield of CH3COOCH3 will be greatly improved by composite additional oxidant which is obtained by equimolar mix of p-benzoquinone with NO2.展开更多
At present, Berry’s topological phase factor and the studies of its relevant problem have drawn considerable attention . It concerns the theoretical analysis of chiral anomaly, etc., which is also experimentally conf...At present, Berry’s topological phase factor and the studies of its relevant problem have drawn considerable attention . It concerns the theoretical analysis of chiral anomaly, etc., which is also experimentally confirmed. In general, the explicit determination of the展开更多
The morphological evolution of Fe-rich phases in the Alalloy has been investigated with various contents of Fe,Mn,and Cr.The results show that coarse Chinese script Fe-rich phases appear in the alloy with 0.6 wt%Fe co...The morphological evolution of Fe-rich phases in the Alalloy has been investigated with various contents of Fe,Mn,and Cr.The results show that coarse Chinese script Fe-rich phases appear in the alloy with 0.6 wt%Fe combined with trace Mn,while the blocky Fe-rich phases appear combined with trace Cr.Under the coexistence of trace Mn and Cr,a large number of fine Chinese script Fe-rich phases could be visible in the low iron-bearing AlSi_9Cu_3-alloy（0.60 wt%）.At high Fe level（1.30 wt%）,numerous Fe-rich phases with hexagonal morphologies are observed with the trace Cr,while fish-bone and pentagonal morphologies of Fe-rich phases could be simultaneously observed with the addition of both Mn and Cr.The results reveal that the trace Mn and Cr promote the morphological evolution of Fe-rich phases.The morphology evolution mechanism of Fe-rich phases has been discussed by using the atom radius and electronegativity differences of Fe,Mn,and Cr.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> For materials science and generally, for long-term operation of work-pieces in industry the significant role is attributed to dependence of macro-mechanical properties of consol...<strong>Objective:</strong> For materials science and generally, for long-term operation of work-pieces in industry the significant role is attributed to dependence of macro-mechanical properties of consolidated body on crystalline phase composition, its dimensions, form, distribution in matrix and the form factor. While working in responsible fields of technology of ceramics and ceramic composites the above referred properties are attributed extremely great role with the view of durability and endurance at the terms of heavy mechanical loads. For description of the resistance of any concrete type work-piece, the crystalline phase plays the greatest role in mechanical strength or deformation of any material. It plays the important role in correlative explanation of materials mechanics and matrix properties. In our case, in the process of destruction of ceramic materials and composites, which will give us exhaustive response to the role of macro- and micro-mechanical properties of materials, the role of a macro- and micro-structural component, that is, of crystalline phase in the process of transition of stable state of materials into meta-stable state is extremely big. Our study aims to develop a formula of dependence of macro-mechanical properties of ceramic and ceramic composites on crystalline phase, the most powerful component of their structure, which will enable theorists and practitioners to select and develop technologies and technological processes correctly. <strong>Method:</strong> On the basis of the study of micro- and macro-mechanical properties of ceramics and ceramic composites and the morphology of crystalline phase and the analysis of the study we determined and created parameters of the formula. <strong>Results:</strong> The formula covers macro-mechanical properties, that is when the work-piece is thoroughly destructed: mechanic at bending at three and four-point load, mechanic at contraction;among morphological characteristics: composition of crystalline phase and their spreading in matrix, their sizes, form factor;correlative dependence of the above listed properties. Absolutely new definition of a factor of spreading of crystalline phase in matrix is offered. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The created formula is of consolidated nature and it can be used in technology of any ceramic material and ceramic composites. The formula will help practitioners to plan correctly and fulfill accurately all positions of technology of production of work-pieces, to carry out the most responsible thermal treatment process of technology of manufacture of work-pieces;to determine correlation between mechanical and matrix properties of materials.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40274044).
文摘Using a field equation with a phase factor, a universal analytic potential-energy function applied to the interactions between diatoms or molecules is derived, and five kinds of potential curves of common shapes are obtained adjusting the phase factors. The linear thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli of eleven kinds of face-centered cubic (fcc) metals - Al, Cu, Ag, etc. are calculated using the potential-energy function; the computational results are quite consistent with experimental values. Moreover, an analytic relation between the linear thermal expansion coefficients and Young's moduli of fcc metals is given using the potential-energy function. Finally, the force constants of fifty-five kinds of diatomic moleculars with low excitation state are computed using this theory, and they are quite consistent with RKR (Rydberg-Klein-Rees) experimental values.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6167309361370152)the Science and Technology Project of Shenyang(F16-205-1-01)
文摘In this paper, a new partial transmit sequence（PTS）scheme with low computational complexity is proposed for the problems of high computational complexity in the conventional PTS method. By analyzing the relationship of candidate sequences in the PTS method under the interleaved partition method, it has been discovered that some candidate sequences generated by phase factor sequences have the same peak average power ratio（PAPR）. Hence, phase factor sequences can be optimized to reduce their searching times. Then, the computational process of generating candidate sequences can be simplified by improving the utilization of data and minimizing the calculations of complex multiplication. The performance analysis shows that, compared with the conventional PTS scheme, the proposed approach significantly decreases the computational complexity and has no loss of PAPR performance.
文摘BACKGROUND Uncontrolled growth and loss of control over basic metabolic functions,leading to invasive proliferation and metastases,are the salient traits of malignant tumors in general and colorectal cancer in particular.Invasion and metastases hinder effective tumor treatment.While surgical techniques and radiotherapy can be used to remove tumor focus,only chemotherapy can eliminate dispersed neoplastic cells.However,the efficacy of the latter method is limited in the advanced stages of the disease.Therefore,recognition of the mechanisms involved in neoplastic cell spreading is indispensable for developing effective therapies.AIM To use a number of biomarkers involved in cancer progression and identify a panel that could be used for effective early diagnosis.METHODS We recruited 185 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma(98 men,87 women with median age 63).Thirty-five healthy controls were sex and age-matched.Dukes’staging was as follows:A=22,B=52,C=72,D=39.We analyzed patients'blood serum before surgery.We determined:(1)Cathepsin B(CB)with Barrett's method(fluorogenic substrate);(2)Leukocytic elastase(LE)in a complex with alpha 1 trypsin inhibitor(AAT)using the immunoenzymatic MERCK test;(3)Total sialic acid(TSA)with the colorimetric periodate-resorcinol method;(4)Lipid-bound sialic acid(LASA)with the colorimetric Taut's method;and(5)The antitrypsin activity(ATA)employing the colorimetric test.RESULTS In patients,the values of the five biochemical parameters were as follows:CB=16.1±8.8 mU/L,LE=875±598μg/L,TSA=99±31 mg%,LASA=0.68±0.33 mg%,and ATA=3211±1504 U/mL.Except for LASA,they were significantly greater than those of controls:CB=11.4±6.5 mU/L,LE=379±187μg/L,TSA=71.4±15.1 mg%,LASA=0.69±0.28 mg%,and ATA=2016±690 U/mL.For CB and LASA,the differences between the four Dukes’stages and controls were not statistically significant.The inter-stage differences for CB and LASA were also absent.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis revealed the potential diagnostic value of CB,TSA,and ATA.The area under ROC,sensitivity,and specificity for these three parameters were:0.85,72%,90%;0.75,66%,77%;and 0.77,63%,84%,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity for the threeparameter panel CB-TSA-ATA were equal to 88.2%and 100%,respectively.CONCLUSION The increased value of CB,TSA,and ATA parameters are associated with tumor biology,invasion,and metastasis of colorectal cancer.The presented evidence suggests the potential value of the CB-TSA-ATA biochemical marker panel in early diagnostics.
文摘Generalized solutions of the standard gauge transformation equations are presented and discussed in physical terms. They go beyond the usual Dirac phase factors and they exhibit nonlocal quantal behavior, with the well-known Relativistic Causality of classical fields affecting directly the phases of wavefunctions in the Schr?dinger Picture. These nonlocal phase behaviors, apparently overlooked in path-integral approaches, give a natural account of the dynamical nonlocality character of the various (even static) Aharonov-Bohm phenomena, while at the same time they seem to respect Causality. For particles passing through nonvanishing magnetic or electric fields they lead to cancellations of Aharonov-Bohm phases at the observation point, generalizing earlier semiclassical experimental observations (of Werner & Brill) to delocalized (spread-out) quantum states. This leads to a correction of previously unnoticed sign-errors in the literature, and to a natural explanation of the deeper reason why certain time-dependent semiclassical arguments are consistent with static results in purely quantal Aharonov-Bohm configurations. These nonlocalities also provide a remedy for misleading results propagating in the literature (concerning an uncritical use of Dirac phase factors, that persists since the time of Feynman’s work on path integrals). They are shown to conspire in such a way as to exactly cancel the instantaneous Aharonov-Bohm phase and recover Relativistic Causality in earlier “paradoxes” (such as the van Kampen thought-experiment), and to also complete Peshkin’s discussion of the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect in a causal manner. The present formulation offers a direct way to address time-dependent single- vs double-slit experiments and the associated causal issues—issues that have recently attracted attention, with respect to the inability of current theories to address them.
文摘Suppose the degenerate states wave function of a Hamitonian operatorHis accompanied by a natural phase factor, then we can own it to the role of sometransformation generator played by some non--degenerate Hermitian operator containedin the complete set of conserved mechanical quantities. When this idea is extended tothe spece coordinated by parameters and the momentum--like operator is introduced,thenon-Abelian Berry phose factor of degenerate wave function can be easily gotter afterthe system evolves along a closed adiabatic curve.
基金financially supported by the Technology Innovation Fund of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.04C26215200858)
文摘The effect of rare earth （RE） on bainite trans- formation mechanism is not yet unified in the academia. Therefore, further studying the effect of RE on bainite transformation mechanism will have important guiding significance for the development of bainite steels. In this paper, using differential dilatometer （DIL805A/D）, heat treatment was performed and C-curve was drawn. The effect of phase structure factor on bainite transformation under two different fractions of RE in Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels was investigated by the empirical electron theory （EET） of solids, molecules, dilatometry, and metallogra- phy. Experimental results show that RE makes Fe-C- RE segregation structural unit of Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels increase, i.e., the values of phase structure factor （na, FDC） increase, and delay bainite transformation due to the drag effect resulting from the segregation of RE ferrite island interphase and the retardation of RE to carbon diffusion in Si-Mn-Mo bainite steels. Beside this, C-curve is shifted to right and down, and microstructures of bainite ferrite and substructures are finer.
基金supported jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51004045)Scientific Research Fund of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.12511481)
文摘The influencing factors for liquid phase catalytic oxidation of mine gas to methanol(in form of CH3COOCH3) are studied using the self-established experimental apparatus. The results show that CH3COOCH3(target product) is obtained by using CH3COOH as reaction solvent, and the yield of target product increases with the increasing of reaction temperature, gas pressure and reaction time. In the mine gas-Pd(OAc)2-CH3COOH system, the yield of CH3COOCH3 increases with the increasing of addition of Pd(OAc)2 which is redox catalyst for mine gas conversion. The yield of CH3COOCH3 will be greatly improved by composite additional oxidant which is obtained by equimolar mix of p-benzoquinone with NO2.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘At present, Berry’s topological phase factor and the studies of its relevant problem have drawn considerable attention . It concerns the theoretical analysis of chiral anomaly, etc., which is also experimentally confirmed. In general, the explicit determination of the
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (Nos. 2017YFB1103701, 2016YFB0701201, 2016YFB0701203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51671101, 51464034, 51761037)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Nos. 20161ACB21003, 20162BCB23013, and 20172BCB22002)the Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Jiangxi Province (No. GJJ150010)the Innovative Funding for Graduate Students in Nanchang University (No. cx2016089)the Funding of Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials & Surface Technology (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Education
文摘The morphological evolution of Fe-rich phases in the Alalloy has been investigated with various contents of Fe,Mn,and Cr.The results show that coarse Chinese script Fe-rich phases appear in the alloy with 0.6 wt%Fe combined with trace Mn,while the blocky Fe-rich phases appear combined with trace Cr.Under the coexistence of trace Mn and Cr,a large number of fine Chinese script Fe-rich phases could be visible in the low iron-bearing AlSi_9Cu_3-alloy（0.60 wt%）.At high Fe level（1.30 wt%）,numerous Fe-rich phases with hexagonal morphologies are observed with the trace Cr,while fish-bone and pentagonal morphologies of Fe-rich phases could be simultaneously observed with the addition of both Mn and Cr.The results reveal that the trace Mn and Cr promote the morphological evolution of Fe-rich phases.The morphology evolution mechanism of Fe-rich phases has been discussed by using the atom radius and electronegativity differences of Fe,Mn,and Cr.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> For materials science and generally, for long-term operation of work-pieces in industry the significant role is attributed to dependence of macro-mechanical properties of consolidated body on crystalline phase composition, its dimensions, form, distribution in matrix and the form factor. While working in responsible fields of technology of ceramics and ceramic composites the above referred properties are attributed extremely great role with the view of durability and endurance at the terms of heavy mechanical loads. For description of the resistance of any concrete type work-piece, the crystalline phase plays the greatest role in mechanical strength or deformation of any material. It plays the important role in correlative explanation of materials mechanics and matrix properties. In our case, in the process of destruction of ceramic materials and composites, which will give us exhaustive response to the role of macro- and micro-mechanical properties of materials, the role of a macro- and micro-structural component, that is, of crystalline phase in the process of transition of stable state of materials into meta-stable state is extremely big. Our study aims to develop a formula of dependence of macro-mechanical properties of ceramic and ceramic composites on crystalline phase, the most powerful component of their structure, which will enable theorists and practitioners to select and develop technologies and technological processes correctly. <strong>Method:</strong> On the basis of the study of micro- and macro-mechanical properties of ceramics and ceramic composites and the morphology of crystalline phase and the analysis of the study we determined and created parameters of the formula. <strong>Results:</strong> The formula covers macro-mechanical properties, that is when the work-piece is thoroughly destructed: mechanic at bending at three and four-point load, mechanic at contraction;among morphological characteristics: composition of crystalline phase and their spreading in matrix, their sizes, form factor;correlative dependence of the above listed properties. Absolutely new definition of a factor of spreading of crystalline phase in matrix is offered. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The created formula is of consolidated nature and it can be used in technology of any ceramic material and ceramic composites. The formula will help practitioners to plan correctly and fulfill accurately all positions of technology of production of work-pieces, to carry out the most responsible thermal treatment process of technology of manufacture of work-pieces;to determine correlation between mechanical and matrix properties of materials.
