The estimation of quantum phase differences plays an important role in quantum simulation and quantum computation,yet existing quantum phase estimation algorithms face critical limitations in noisy intermediate-scale ...The estimation of quantum phase differences plays an important role in quantum simulation and quantum computation,yet existing quantum phase estimation algorithms face critical limitations in noisy intermediate-scale quantum(NISQ)devices due to their excessive depth and circuit complexity.We demonstrate a high-precision phase difference estimation protocol based on the Bayesian phase difference estimation algorithm and single-photon projective measurement.The iterative framework of the algorithm,combined with the independence from controlled unitary operations,inherently mitigates circuit depth and complexity limitations.Through an experimental realization on the photonic system,we demonstrate high-precision estimation of diverse phase differences,showing root-mean-square errors(RMSE)below the standard quantum limit𝒪(1/√N)and reaching the Heisenberg scaling𝒪(1/N)after a certain number of iterations.Our scheme provides a critical advantage in quantum resource-constrained scenarios,and advances practical implementations of quantum information tasks under realistic hardware constraints.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant Nos.BK20233001 and BK20243060)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62288101)。
文摘The estimation of quantum phase differences plays an important role in quantum simulation and quantum computation,yet existing quantum phase estimation algorithms face critical limitations in noisy intermediate-scale quantum(NISQ)devices due to their excessive depth and circuit complexity.We demonstrate a high-precision phase difference estimation protocol based on the Bayesian phase difference estimation algorithm and single-photon projective measurement.The iterative framework of the algorithm,combined with the independence from controlled unitary operations,inherently mitigates circuit depth and complexity limitations.Through an experimental realization on the photonic system,we demonstrate high-precision estimation of diverse phase differences,showing root-mean-square errors(RMSE)below the standard quantum limit𝒪(1/√N)and reaching the Heisenberg scaling𝒪(1/N)after a certain number of iterations.Our scheme provides a critical advantage in quantum resource-constrained scenarios,and advances practical implementations of quantum information tasks under realistic hardware constraints.
