The two-phase detection method for directional discrimination in laser Doppler measurements is discussed.The diffraction efficiency of a sin- gle period rectangular phase grating is analysed and a kind of back-scatter...The two-phase detection method for directional discrimination in laser Doppler measurements is discussed.The diffraction efficiency of a sin- gle period rectangular phase grating is analysed and a kind of back-scattered laser Doppler vibrometer without directional ambiguity using the single peri- od rectangular phase grating as the beam-combiner described.The principles of this kind of vibrometer are explained in detail,and some experimental re- sults are given.In this kind of vibrometer,the rectangular phase grating, without the zero diffracted order and even orders,is used to eliminate use- less stray light and to combine the useful signal light.Differential electronics is employed to reject signal noise.Therefore,the signal-to-noise ratio of Doppler signals and the measurement accuracy of the instrument are im- proved and the range of application is expanded.展开更多
This paper presents an experimental study on the spray characteristics of diesel-dimethyl ether (DME) blended fuels by phase doppler anemometry (PDA). Blended fuels with DME mass fractions of 15%, 30% and pure diesel ...This paper presents an experimental study on the spray characteristics of diesel-dimethyl ether (DME) blended fuels by phase doppler anemometry (PDA). Blended fuels with DME mass fractions of 15%, 30% and pure diesel fuel were used to evaluate the effect of the DME concentration on the spray pattern, droplet size and velocity. The data for spray velocity vector and droplet size field were obtained. The experimental results reveal that the micro-explosive function exists in the jet of diesel-dimethyl ether (DME) blended fuels and the radial velocity of the blended fuels spray is larger than that of conventional diesel fuel spray near the nozzle exit. At the downstream part of the spray, the radial velocity and its attenuation rate of blended fuels are much more uniform and smaller than those of pure diesel spray. At the centerline of the spray, the attenuation rates of all spray axial velocities are similar. With the in- crease of DME concentration in the fuel, the spray angle and the exit velocity increase and the droplet size deceases.展开更多
According to the Doppler sensitive of the phase coded pulse compression signal, a Doppler estimating and compensating method based on phase is put forward to restrain the Doppler sidelobes, raise the signal-to-noise r...According to the Doppler sensitive of the phase coded pulse compression signal, a Doppler estimating and compensating method based on phase is put forward to restrain the Doppler sidelobes, raise the signal-to-noise ratio and improve measuring resolution. The compensation method is used to decompose the echo to amplitude and phase, and then compose the new compensated echo by the amplitude and the nonlinear component of the phase. Furthermore the linear component of the phase can be used to estimate the Doppler frequency shift. The computer simulation and the real data processing show that the method has accurately estimated the Doppler frequency shift, successfully restrained the energy leakage on spectrum, greatly increased the echo signal-to-noise ratio and improved the detection performance of the radio system in both time domain and frequency domain.展开更多
It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase ...It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate （R0） and the ratio （S） of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.展开更多
It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase betw...It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate (R0) and the ratio (S) of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.展开更多
The novel compensating method directly demodulates the signals without the carrier recovery processes, in which the carrier with original modulation frequency is used as the local coherent carrier. In this way, the ph...The novel compensating method directly demodulates the signals without the carrier recovery processes, in which the carrier with original modulation frequency is used as the local coherent carrier. In this way, the phase offsets due to frequency shift are linear. Based on this premise, the compensation processes are： firstly, the phase offsets between the baseband neighbor-symbols after clock recovery is unbiasedly estimated among the reference symbols; then, the receiving signals symbols are adjusted by the phase estimation value; finally, the phase offsets after adjusting are compensated by the least mean squares （LMS） algorithm. In order to express the compensation processes and ability clearly, the quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK） modulation signals are regarded as examples for Matlab simulation. BER simulations are carried out using the Monte-Carlo method. The learning curves are obtained to study the algorithm＇s convergence ability. The constellation figures are also simulated to observe the compensation results directly.展开更多
在雷达目标跟踪领域,当目标与雷达传感器存在相对运动时,多普勒(Doppler)效应致使接收信号产生频率偏移。这种频率变化与目标距离测量存在耦合关系,即多普勒距离耦合问题。在相控阵雷达采用线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)...在雷达目标跟踪领域,当目标与雷达传感器存在相对运动时,多普勒(Doppler)效应致使接收信号产生频率偏移。这种频率变化与目标距离测量存在耦合关系,即多普勒距离耦合问题。在相控阵雷达采用线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)信号进行常规跟踪时,虽然能获取大时宽带宽积提升距离分辨率,但脉冲压缩后产生的强距离多普勒耦合效应使传统的距离速度测量算法出现收敛速度慢、精度低的问题,尤其在航迹起始阶段对高速目标的跟踪极为不利,严重影响了雷达系统对目标的实时、精准监测。提出一种多普勒距离耦合下的三帧快速收敛算法。该算法利用3帧具有不同耦合系数的波形,构建多元约束方程,通过联合解算实现多目标速度和位置参数的同步获取。在验证处理流程中,采用迭代优化机制,对测量结果进行动态校准,有效降低距离与速度参数间的相互干扰,逐步逼近最优的距离和速度测量结果,从而实现快速、精准的目标跟踪。通过理论分析、蒙特卡罗仿真和外场实测数据验证,该三帧快速收敛算法展现出优异性能。在航迹起始阶段,对目标距离和速度测量解算的收敛速度是传统算法的4倍以上。所提出的多普勒距离耦合下的三帧快速收敛算法成功地解决了传统算法在处理多普勒距离耦合问题时存在的收敛慢、精度低等难题。该算法具有创新的波形设计和迭代优化策略,显著提升了相控阵雷达在复杂条件下的目标跟踪性能,为雷达目标跟踪技术的发展提供了新的思路和方法,具有较高的理论价值和实际应用前景。展开更多
In commercial applications of phase Doppler anemometry (PDA), the effectiveness of non sphericity of particles is present and the response of PDA system deviates from the theoretical prediction. In this paper, the st...In commercial applications of phase Doppler anemometry (PDA), the effectiveness of non sphericity of particles is present and the response of PDA system deviates from the theoretical prediction. In this paper, the statistic characteristics of PDA signal related to irregular particles is analyzed and a method of statistic classification of irregular particles is proposed.It proves that the parameter of PDA signal for irregular particles is an unbiased estimation for spherical ones, the mean of the phase difference is in direct proportion to the mean diameter of particles and the standard deviation of the phase difference increases linearly with the standard deviation of irregular particles. As an application of the identification of irregular objects, fuzzy patterns and similarities of haemocytes are used to recognize and quantify cell samples.The statistic classification of particles is more significant in practice.展开更多
文摘The two-phase detection method for directional discrimination in laser Doppler measurements is discussed.The diffraction efficiency of a sin- gle period rectangular phase grating is analysed and a kind of back-scattered laser Doppler vibrometer without directional ambiguity using the single peri- od rectangular phase grating as the beam-combiner described.The principles of this kind of vibrometer are explained in detail,and some experimental re- sults are given.In this kind of vibrometer,the rectangular phase grating, without the zero diffracted order and even orders,is used to eliminate use- less stray light and to combine the useful signal light.Differential electronics is employed to reject signal noise.Therefore,the signal-to-noise ratio of Doppler signals and the measurement accuracy of the instrument are im- proved and the range of application is expanded.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50806046)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Project) (Grant No. 2007CB210007)
文摘This paper presents an experimental study on the spray characteristics of diesel-dimethyl ether (DME) blended fuels by phase doppler anemometry (PDA). Blended fuels with DME mass fractions of 15%, 30% and pure diesel fuel were used to evaluate the effect of the DME concentration on the spray pattern, droplet size and velocity. The data for spray velocity vector and droplet size field were obtained. The experimental results reveal that the micro-explosive function exists in the jet of diesel-dimethyl ether (DME) blended fuels and the radial velocity of the blended fuels spray is larger than that of conventional diesel fuel spray near the nozzle exit. At the downstream part of the spray, the radial velocity and its attenuation rate of blended fuels are much more uniform and smaller than those of pure diesel spray. At the centerline of the spray, the attenuation rates of all spray axial velocities are similar. With the in- crease of DME concentration in the fuel, the spray angle and the exit velocity increase and the droplet size deceases.
基金supported partly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40804042)the Post DoctorFoundation of China(20070420919).
文摘According to the Doppler sensitive of the phase coded pulse compression signal, a Doppler estimating and compensating method based on phase is put forward to restrain the Doppler sidelobes, raise the signal-to-noise ratio and improve measuring resolution. The compensation method is used to decompose the echo to amplitude and phase, and then compose the new compensated echo by the amplitude and the nonlinear component of the phase. Furthermore the linear component of the phase can be used to estimate the Doppler frequency shift. The computer simulation and the real data processing show that the method has accurately estimated the Doppler frequency shift, successfully restrained the energy leakage on spectrum, greatly increased the echo signal-to-noise ratio and improved the detection performance of the radio system in both time domain and frequency domain.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 11175105）.
文摘It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence （SGC）, the gain without inversion （GWI） is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate （R0） and the ratio （S） of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11175105)
文摘It is shown that in a Doppler broadened open N-type four-level atomic system with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), the gain without inversion (GWI) is very sensitive to the variation of the relative phase between the probe field and the driving field; the atomic exit rate (R0) and the ratio (S) of the atomic injection rates have a considerable modulation effect on the phase-dependent GWI. GWI first increases and then decreases with R0 increasing; in a certain value range of S, GWI increases monotonically with S increasing; by adjusting the values of R0 and S, in an open system a much larger GWI can be obtained than in the corresponding closed system [2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 043805]. The modulation effects of R0 and S on the phase-dependent GWI in the case with the counter-propagating probe and driving fields are stronger than those in the co-propagating case, GWI in the co-propagating case is much larger than that in the counter-propagating case.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60532030)
文摘The novel compensating method directly demodulates the signals without the carrier recovery processes, in which the carrier with original modulation frequency is used as the local coherent carrier. In this way, the phase offsets due to frequency shift are linear. Based on this premise, the compensation processes are： firstly, the phase offsets between the baseband neighbor-symbols after clock recovery is unbiasedly estimated among the reference symbols; then, the receiving signals symbols are adjusted by the phase estimation value; finally, the phase offsets after adjusting are compensated by the least mean squares （LMS） algorithm. In order to express the compensation processes and ability clearly, the quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK） modulation signals are regarded as examples for Matlab simulation. BER simulations are carried out using the Monte-Carlo method. The learning curves are obtained to study the algorithm＇s convergence ability. The constellation figures are also simulated to observe the compensation results directly.
文摘在雷达目标跟踪领域,当目标与雷达传感器存在相对运动时,多普勒(Doppler)效应致使接收信号产生频率偏移。这种频率变化与目标距离测量存在耦合关系,即多普勒距离耦合问题。在相控阵雷达采用线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)信号进行常规跟踪时,虽然能获取大时宽带宽积提升距离分辨率,但脉冲压缩后产生的强距离多普勒耦合效应使传统的距离速度测量算法出现收敛速度慢、精度低的问题,尤其在航迹起始阶段对高速目标的跟踪极为不利,严重影响了雷达系统对目标的实时、精准监测。提出一种多普勒距离耦合下的三帧快速收敛算法。该算法利用3帧具有不同耦合系数的波形,构建多元约束方程,通过联合解算实现多目标速度和位置参数的同步获取。在验证处理流程中,采用迭代优化机制,对测量结果进行动态校准,有效降低距离与速度参数间的相互干扰,逐步逼近最优的距离和速度测量结果,从而实现快速、精准的目标跟踪。通过理论分析、蒙特卡罗仿真和外场实测数据验证,该三帧快速收敛算法展现出优异性能。在航迹起始阶段,对目标距离和速度测量解算的收敛速度是传统算法的4倍以上。所提出的多普勒距离耦合下的三帧快速收敛算法成功地解决了传统算法在处理多普勒距离耦合问题时存在的收敛慢、精度低等难题。该算法具有创新的波形设计和迭代优化策略,显著提升了相控阵雷达在复杂条件下的目标跟踪性能,为雷达目标跟踪技术的发展提供了新的思路和方法,具有较高的理论价值和实际应用前景。
文摘In commercial applications of phase Doppler anemometry (PDA), the effectiveness of non sphericity of particles is present and the response of PDA system deviates from the theoretical prediction. In this paper, the statistic characteristics of PDA signal related to irregular particles is analyzed and a method of statistic classification of irregular particles is proposed.It proves that the parameter of PDA signal for irregular particles is an unbiased estimation for spherical ones, the mean of the phase difference is in direct proportion to the mean diameter of particles and the standard deviation of the phase difference increases linearly with the standard deviation of irregular particles. As an application of the identification of irregular objects, fuzzy patterns and similarities of haemocytes are used to recognize and quantify cell samples.The statistic classification of particles is more significant in practice.
