Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong re...Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong regional characteristics,they are mainly produced in southern Xinjiang.Due to unique natural conditions such as large temperature differences between day and night and sufficient sunlight,Korla fragrant pears have a crispy texture,a sweet but not cloying taste,and their flesh is delicate and juicy,with excellent quality.Korla fragrant pears contain a variety of bioactive substances,mainly including polysaccharides,polyphenolic compounds,flavonoid compounds,triterpenoids,and sterols.They have medical effects such as“moistening the lungs,calming the heart,reducing phlegm,anti-inflammation,relieving cough,and resolving carbuncle toxins”.Uyghur and Mongolian medicine often use them as a good dietary therapy product.Based on recent literature reports,this paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Korla fragrant pears,aiming to provide references for the research and utilization of the deep processing of Korla fragrant pears.展开更多
Naru Sanwei Pill,also known as Naru-3,a Mongolian medicine originating from Zhigao Pharmacopoeia,is a classic prescription used in the treatment of rheumatism.It is composed of Terminalia chebula,processed Aconitum ku...Naru Sanwei Pill,also known as Naru-3,a Mongolian medicine originating from Zhigao Pharmacopoeia,is a classic prescription used in the treatment of rheumatism.It is composed of Terminalia chebula,processed Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.,and Piper longum,and is known for its effects in eliminating“mucus,”relieving pain,and reducing swelling,with significant efficacy in treating joint effusion and lumbar pain.In recent years,researchers have summarized its chemical components and pharmacological effects,and employed network pharmacology methods based on the core theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine quality markers(Q-Markers)to analyze and predict its markers.The results identified potential Q-Markers for Naru-3,providing a scientific basis for quality control and further research.展开更多
Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other...Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other components,which have various activities:anti-inflammatory,immune system regulation,antiviral,anti-aging,detoxification,and protection of the liver,lungs,and kidneys.JFG has broad potential therapeutic applications.The mechanisms of JFG’s actions are primarily associated with signaling pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB,PI3K/AKT,and MAPK.This article reviews the research progress on JFG,including chemical composition,pharmacologic effects,mechanism of action,safety,clinical application,etc.,serving as a foundation for future research and clinical applications.展开更多
Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain...Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.展开更多
Scutellaria baicalensis(S.baicalensis)is a heat-clearing and moisture-drying medicine,which is used to treat diseases such as warm fever,upper respiratory tract infection,lung heat cough,moist heat jaundice,pneumonia,...Scutellaria baicalensis(S.baicalensis)is a heat-clearing and moisture-drying medicine,which is used to treat diseases such as warm fever,upper respiratory tract infection,lung heat cough,moist heat jaundice,pneumonia,dysentery,hemoptysis,red eyes,restless fetus,hypertension,abscess,swelling and boils.In recent years,with the in-depth study of its chemical composition and pharmacological activity,it was found that the clinical antibacterial activity of S.baicalensis was significant,and it did not produce drug resistance.The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S.baicalensis were reviewed in this paper.This review can provide reference for further development and utilization of medicinal value of S.baicalensis.展开更多
Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy...Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy for specific conditions.However,a comprehensive report detailing the changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects due to these processing methods is currently lacking.This article provides a systematic review of the commonly employed processing techniques for Atractylodis Rhizoma,including raw Atractylodis Rhizoma(SCZ),bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(FCZ),deep-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(JCZ),and rice water-processed Atractylodis Rhizoma(MCZ).It examines the alterations in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities resulting from these processes and elucidates the mechanisms of action of the primary components in the various processed forms of Atractylodis Rhizoma in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.展开更多
This review compiles information from the literature on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,and molecular mechanisms of earthworm extract(EE)and suggests possibilities for clinical translation of EE.We al...This review compiles information from the literature on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,and molecular mechanisms of earthworm extract(EE)and suggests possibilities for clinical translation of EE.We also consider future trends and concerns in this domain.We summarize the bioactive components of EE,including G-90,lysenin,lumbrokinase,antimicrobial peptides,earthworm serine protease(ESP),and polyphenols,and detail the antitumor,antithrombotic,antiviral,antibacterial,anti-i nflammatory,analgesic,antioxidant,wound-healing,antifibrotic,and hypoglycemic activities and mechanisms of action of EE based on existing in vitro and in vivo studies.We further propose the potential of EE for clinical translation in anticancer and lipid-modifying therapies,and its promise as source of a novel agent for wound healing and resistance to antibiotic tolerance.The earthworm enzyme lumbrokinase embodies highly effective anticoagulant and thrombolytic properties and has the advantage of not causing bleeding phenomena due to hyperfibrinolysis.Its antifibrotic properties can reduce the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix.The glycolipoprotein extract G-90 can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen groups and protect cellular tissues from oxidative damage.Earthworms have evolved a well-developed defense mechanism to fight against microbial infections,and the bioactive agents in EE have shown good antibacterial,fungal,and viral properties in in vitro and in vivo experiments and can alleviate inflammatory responses caused by infections,effectively reducing pain.Recent studies have also highlighted the role of EE in lowering blood glucose.EE shows high medicinal value and is expected to be a source of many bioactive compounds.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of deaths among adult population in China,whose incidence and mortality rates continue rising with a trend towards younger ages.Although numerous drugs are used to pr...Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of deaths among adult population in China,whose incidence and mortality rates continue rising with a trend towards younger ages.Although numerous drugs are used to prevent and treat CVDs,the long-term prognosis of patients with CVDs is still not very satisfactory.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore new safe and effective drugs for CVDs in clinical practice.As a traditional medicine in China,Ginkgo biloba has a history of more than 2,000 years in clinical practice experience,meanwhile its therapeutic role in CVDs has been revealed in more and more clinical studies.As a living fossil of traditional Chinese medicine,Ginkgo biloba,a deciduous tree plant of the Ginkgo family and genus,contains active medicinal ingredients in its leaves,kernels,outer skins and roots.Ginkgo biloba leaves are the main medicinal part,which are mild in nature,sweet,bitter and astringent in taste.Ginkgo biloba activates the circulation of blood,relieves pains,and lowers lipids,which is mainly used to treat chest obstruction and heartaches,stroke hemiplegia,and asthma,as well as hyperlipidemia,etc.This paper aims to review the medicinal properties of Ginkgo biloba and its active ingredients in the treatment of CVDs,with emphasis on the antioxidant,apoptosis-inhibiting,anti-inflammatory mechanism and other mechanisms,so as to provide a scientific basis for their clinical application as well as further development and utilization.展开更多
Stevioside is a low-calorie high-power sweetener with a variety of positive pharmacological effects.With the growing attention to health,stevia leaf has garnered widespread interest at home and abroad.This article rev...Stevioside is a low-calorie high-power sweetener with a variety of positive pharmacological effects.With the growing attention to health,stevia leaf has garnered widespread interest at home and abroad.This article reviews the main pharmacological effects of stevioside and their mechanisms,in order to provide references for the research on the edible and medicinal value of stevioside.展开更多
As one of the widely used medicinal herbs with both medicinal and dietary applications in China,Angelica sinensis offers the advantage of“nourishing without causing stagnation”and has a variety of pharmacological ef...As one of the widely used medicinal herbs with both medicinal and dietary applications in China,Angelica sinensis offers the advantage of“nourishing without causing stagnation”and has a variety of pharmacological effects,making it commonly applied in clinical practice and research.In recent years,as both domestic and international scholars have delved deeper into Angelica sinensis,its extensive pharmacological effects have garnered attention across various sectors of society.To date,Angelica sinensis has been shown to possess functions such as hematopoiesis,anti-inflammation,pain relief,anti-tumor effects,and immune enhancement.It is frequently employed to address conditions like intestinal dryness,constipation,vertigo,and palpitations.Additionally,Angelica sinensis has demonstrated significant potential and distinct therapeutic advantages in disease intervention,functional food development,and drug innovation.This review focuses on the pharmacological effects of Angelica sinensis,aiming to provide valuable scientific insights for its clinical application,drug innovation,and target development.展开更多
By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibit...By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibits therapeutic effects on liver injury,viral hepatitis,metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,liver fibrosis,and liver cancer.Emerging evidence suggests that these natural products may alleviate liver diseases through multi-targeted therapeutic mechanisms,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidative stress,immunoregulation,and anti-steatosis.The underlying mechanisms by which pomegranate exerts hepatoprotective activities may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including P62/Nrf2,TGF-β1/Smad7,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK/Nrf2,Nrf2/Keap1,Akt/FOXO3a,MAPK/NF-κB,etc.Consequently,pomegranate can serve as a functional food,nutritional supplement,or adjuvant in the modern treatment of liver diseases.展开更多
Astragalus membranaceus Bunge,known as Huangqi,has been used to treat various diseases for a long time.AstragalosideⅣ(AS-Ⅳ)is one of the primary active ingredients of the aqueous Huangqi extract.Many experimental mo...Astragalus membranaceus Bunge,known as Huangqi,has been used to treat various diseases for a long time.AstragalosideⅣ(AS-Ⅳ)is one of the primary active ingredients of the aqueous Huangqi extract.Many experimental models have shown that AS-Ⅳexerts broad beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease,nervous system diseases,lung disease,diabetes,organ injury,kidney disease,and gynaecological diseases.This review demonstrates and summarizes the structure,solubility,pharmacokinetics,toxicity,pharmacological effects,and autophagic mechanism of AS-Ⅳ.The autophagic effects are associated with multiple signalling pathways in experimental models,including the PI3KI/Akt/m TOR,PI3KⅢ/Beclin-1/Bcl-2,PI3K/Akt,AMPK/m TOR,PI3K/Akt/m TOR,SIRT1–NF-κB,PI3K/AKT/AS160,and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathways.Based on this evidence,AS-Ⅳcould be used as a replacement therapy for treating the multiple diseases referenced above.展开更多
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate...Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate of E.ulmoides Oliv.is still very low,only bark has been used as medicine and other parts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.cannot be fully utilized,even the leaves have been well utilized in food products in Japan in the past decades.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of E.ulmoides Oliv.,in this review,we summarized the varieties and contents of main active compounds,biological functions and pharmacological effects in different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.The findings suggest that other parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.could replace the bark of E.ulmoides Oliv.to some extent besides of their respective applications.The unique and extensive physiological functions between different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.indicate that the comprehensive utilization of E.ulmoides Oliv.has a wide space to develop,which is also an effective way to protect E.ulmoides Oliv.resources and improve its the utilization rate.展开更多
Genus Lilium is famous for edible and medicinal function which is related to its chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.Chemical researches showed that genus Lilium genus mainly contains steroidal saponins,...Genus Lilium is famous for edible and medicinal function which is related to its chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.Chemical researches showed that genus Lilium genus mainly contains steroidal saponins,polysaccharides,alkaloids and flavonoids.Pharmacological effects of Lilium include anti-tumor,hypoglycemic,antibacterial,anti-oxidation,anti-depression and anti-inflammatory.This paper summarized chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lilium.展开更多
Pien Tze Huang(PTH)was documented as an imperial prescription composed of Notoginseng Radix,Calculus Bovis,Snake Gallbladder,and Musk.It is famous in China and Asian countries due to its excellent effects in heat clea...Pien Tze Huang(PTH)was documented as an imperial prescription composed of Notoginseng Radix,Calculus Bovis,Snake Gallbladder,and Musk.It is famous in China and Asian countries due to its excellent effects in heat clearing,detoxifying,swelling reduction,and pain relieving.Modern pharmacological studies demonstrate that PTH shows excellent effects against various inflammatory diseases,liver diseases,and cancers.This review summaries the pharmacological effects,clinical applications,and mainchemical components of PTH.More importantly,its potential quality markers(Q-markers)were then analyzed based on the“five principles”of Q-markers under the guidance of Traditional Chinese Medicine theory,including transfer and traceability,specificity,efficacy,compatibility,and measurability.As a result,ginsenosides Rb1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rd,ginsenoside Re,notoginsenoside R1,dencichine,bilirubin,biliverdin,taurocholic acid,and muscone are considered as the Q-markers of PTH.These findings will provide guidance and assistance for the construction of a quality control system for PTH.展开更多
Ginsenoside Rb3(G-Rb3)is one of the primary active compounds isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer,which belongs to protopanaxadiol ginsenosides(PPD).Based on the structure-activity relationship(SAR)of ginsenosides,the pe...Ginsenoside Rb3(G-Rb3)is one of the primary active compounds isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer,which belongs to protopanaxadiol ginsenosides(PPD).Based on the structure-activity relationship(SAR)of ginsenosides,the pentose structure of G-Rb3 limited itself to possess more pharmacological activity to a certain extent.However,pharmacokinetics show that G-Rb3 is processed through deglycosylation in the intestinal tract and converted into more active rare saponins,such as Compound K,F2,etc.A series of studies focused on neuroprotection and the cardiovascular system demonstrating its therapeutic potentials,which was achieved by diminishing oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,more systematic and in-depth studies are needed to complete the pharmaceutical value and to promote its clinical applications.This article highlights the multiple pharmacological effects and mechanisms of G-Rb3 and prospects for its development.展开更多
This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on the pharmacological effects of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf in recent years,and finds that Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf has good pharmacological effects in many ...This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on the pharmacological effects of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf in recent years,and finds that Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf has good pharmacological effects in many aspects,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation,anti-thrombosis,anti-tumor and so on.In particular,more than ten saponins have been found to have good anti-tumor activity and have potential research value,which can provide reference for the full development and utilization of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf resources.展开更多
Paecilomyces hepiali is a fungus with edible and pharmaceutic value,isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis.Its main bioactive constituents contain alkaloids,cyclic dipeptides,steroids,organic acids,and polysaccharides....Paecilomyces hepiali is a fungus with edible and pharmaceutic value,isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis.Its main bioactive constituents contain alkaloids,cyclic dipeptides,steroids,organic acids,and polysaccharides.Due to the huge development potential of P.hepiali in the field of food and medicine,it has been developed into a variety of products that cater to the needs of the public.In this paper,the chemical constituents and their pharmacological effects of P.hepiali are reviewed,which can provide reference for the development and application of P.hepiali.展开更多
This paper searched and summarized the relevant research literature on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cocculus laurifolius DC.,and provides a reference for further research on the quality sta...This paper searched and summarized the relevant research literature on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cocculus laurifolius DC.,and provides a reference for further research on the quality standard of medicinal materials,clinical drug safety and the development and application of new drugs.The main chemical components of C.laurifolius are isoquinoline alkaloids.C.laurifolius has the pharmacological effects such as analgesic,hypotensive,antibacterial,free radical-scavenging activity,anticonvulsant,neuroprotective activity,anxiolytic and hypnotic effects.展开更多
Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus is a traditional marine drug. There are more than two thousand years of history using clamshell as a component of medicine.After a review of relevant literature at home and abroad for nearly...Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus is a traditional marine drug. There are more than two thousand years of history using clamshell as a component of medicine.After a review of relevant literature at home and abroad for nearly 20 years,the author summarized chemical composition and pharmacological effects of M. meretrix,in order to provide a scientific basis for further development and utilization of M. meretrix.展开更多
基金Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Project of the Autonomous Prefecture(Project No.:202401)National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(Project Title:"Li Zhiyun·Ku Li Chun"-Pioneer in Promoting National Geographic Brand,Project Number:202513561005).
文摘Korla fragrant pears are one of the“famous,excellent,and special”fruits in Xinjiang.They belong to the white pear variety in the genus Pyrus of the Rosaceae family.With a long-standing planting history and strong regional characteristics,they are mainly produced in southern Xinjiang.Due to unique natural conditions such as large temperature differences between day and night and sufficient sunlight,Korla fragrant pears have a crispy texture,a sweet but not cloying taste,and their flesh is delicate and juicy,with excellent quality.Korla fragrant pears contain a variety of bioactive substances,mainly including polysaccharides,polyphenolic compounds,flavonoid compounds,triterpenoids,and sterols.They have medical effects such as“moistening the lungs,calming the heart,reducing phlegm,anti-inflammation,relieving cough,and resolving carbuncle toxins”.Uyghur and Mongolian medicine often use them as a good dietary therapy product.Based on recent literature reports,this paper reviews the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Korla fragrant pears,aiming to provide references for the research and utilization of the deep processing of Korla fragrant pears.
文摘Naru Sanwei Pill,also known as Naru-3,a Mongolian medicine originating from Zhigao Pharmacopoeia,is a classic prescription used in the treatment of rheumatism.It is composed of Terminalia chebula,processed Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.,and Piper longum,and is known for its effects in eliminating“mucus,”relieving pain,and reducing swelling,with significant efficacy in treating joint effusion and lumbar pain.In recent years,researchers have summarized its chemical components and pharmacological effects,and employed network pharmacology methods based on the core theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine quality markers(Q-Markers)to analyze and predict its markers.The results identified potential Q-Markers for Naru-3,providing a scientific basis for quality control and further research.
基金supported by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2024TZXD067,2022SFGC0105)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2023QB021)+2 种基金Young Taishan Scholarship to Xuekui Xia(No.tsqn202103100)Jinan Talent Project for Universities(No.2021GXRC062,202228088)Key innovation Project and Science,Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(No.2022JBZ01-06,2024ZDZX03,2023RCKY214).
文摘Jing Fang granules(JFG)are a modern Chinese medicinal formulation derived from Jing Fang Defeating Toxin San(JFDS).JFG primarily contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids/flavonoid glycosides,coumarins and other components,which have various activities:anti-inflammatory,immune system regulation,antiviral,anti-aging,detoxification,and protection of the liver,lungs,and kidneys.JFG has broad potential therapeutic applications.The mechanisms of JFG’s actions are primarily associated with signaling pathways such as TLR4/NF-κB,PI3K/AKT,and MAPK.This article reviews the research progress on JFG,including chemical composition,pharmacologic effects,mechanism of action,safety,clinical application,etc.,serving as a foundation for future research and clinical applications.
文摘Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.is a commonly used herb among ethnic minorities.Its whole plant is used as medicine for conditions such as heatstroke,tinnitus,hearing loss,phlegm heat cough,gum swelling and pain,lower back and knee pain,vaginal discharge and infantile malnutrition.Modern pharmaceutical research has found that Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.mainly contains flavonoids,steroids,organic acids and terpenes,which have antibacterial,free radical scavenging,antiinflammatory and other effects.Quality control mainly focuses on characteristics,identification,content determination,etc.This article summarizes the recent research progress on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,quality control and extraction process of Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.on the basis of existing Crotalaria ferruginea Graham ex Benth.research reports.
基金financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(81973284)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LJKZ0944).
文摘Scutellaria baicalensis(S.baicalensis)is a heat-clearing and moisture-drying medicine,which is used to treat diseases such as warm fever,upper respiratory tract infection,lung heat cough,moist heat jaundice,pneumonia,dysentery,hemoptysis,red eyes,restless fetus,hypertension,abscess,swelling and boils.In recent years,with the in-depth study of its chemical composition and pharmacological activity,it was found that the clinical antibacterial activity of S.baicalensis was significant,and it did not produce drug resistance.The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of S.baicalensis were reviewed in this paper.This review can provide reference for further development and utilization of medicinal value of S.baicalensis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82304722)Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.2023AFD154).
文摘Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy for specific conditions.However,a comprehensive report detailing the changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects due to these processing methods is currently lacking.This article provides a systematic review of the commonly employed processing techniques for Atractylodis Rhizoma,including raw Atractylodis Rhizoma(SCZ),bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(FCZ),deep-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(JCZ),and rice water-processed Atractylodis Rhizoma(MCZ).It examines the alterations in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities resulting from these processes and elucidates the mechanisms of action of the primary components in the various processed forms of Atractylodis Rhizoma in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2502100,2023YFC3603404,2019YFA0111900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072506,82272611,92268115)+7 种基金Hunan Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2024JJ2089)Hunan Young Talents of Science and Technology(2021RC3025)Provincial Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Project of Hunan(2023SK2024,2020SK53709)Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(2020JJ3060)National Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ30949)National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders,Xiangya Hospital(2021KFJJ02,2021LNJJ05)the Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(CX20230308,CX20230312)the Independent Exploration and Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students of Central South University(2024ZZTS0163)。
文摘This review compiles information from the literature on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects,and molecular mechanisms of earthworm extract(EE)and suggests possibilities for clinical translation of EE.We also consider future trends and concerns in this domain.We summarize the bioactive components of EE,including G-90,lysenin,lumbrokinase,antimicrobial peptides,earthworm serine protease(ESP),and polyphenols,and detail the antitumor,antithrombotic,antiviral,antibacterial,anti-i nflammatory,analgesic,antioxidant,wound-healing,antifibrotic,and hypoglycemic activities and mechanisms of action of EE based on existing in vitro and in vivo studies.We further propose the potential of EE for clinical translation in anticancer and lipid-modifying therapies,and its promise as source of a novel agent for wound healing and resistance to antibiotic tolerance.The earthworm enzyme lumbrokinase embodies highly effective anticoagulant and thrombolytic properties and has the advantage of not causing bleeding phenomena due to hyperfibrinolysis.Its antifibrotic properties can reduce the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix.The glycolipoprotein extract G-90 can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen groups and protect cellular tissues from oxidative damage.Earthworms have evolved a well-developed defense mechanism to fight against microbial infections,and the bioactive agents in EE have shown good antibacterial,fungal,and viral properties in in vitro and in vivo experiments and can alleviate inflammatory responses caused by infections,effectively reducing pain.Recent studies have also highlighted the role of EE in lowering blood glucose.EE shows high medicinal value and is expected to be a source of many bioactive compounds.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8226009682300547)+5 种基金the Science and Technology Foundation of Basic Research Program of Guizhou Province([2023]General 371[2020]1Y381)the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guizhou Province(QZYY-2018-130)the Cultivation Plan of the NSFC(National Natural Science Foundation of China)of Guizhou Medical University(21NSFCP13)the project of Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education,Zunyi Medicial University(No.qianjiaoheKYzi[2022]395the Science and Technology Foundation of Health Commission of Guizhou Province(gzwkj2022-221)。
文摘Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)are the leading cause of deaths among adult population in China,whose incidence and mortality rates continue rising with a trend towards younger ages.Although numerous drugs are used to prevent and treat CVDs,the long-term prognosis of patients with CVDs is still not very satisfactory.Therefore,there is an urgent need to explore new safe and effective drugs for CVDs in clinical practice.As a traditional medicine in China,Ginkgo biloba has a history of more than 2,000 years in clinical practice experience,meanwhile its therapeutic role in CVDs has been revealed in more and more clinical studies.As a living fossil of traditional Chinese medicine,Ginkgo biloba,a deciduous tree plant of the Ginkgo family and genus,contains active medicinal ingredients in its leaves,kernels,outer skins and roots.Ginkgo biloba leaves are the main medicinal part,which are mild in nature,sweet,bitter and astringent in taste.Ginkgo biloba activates the circulation of blood,relieves pains,and lowers lipids,which is mainly used to treat chest obstruction and heartaches,stroke hemiplegia,and asthma,as well as hyperlipidemia,etc.This paper aims to review the medicinal properties of Ginkgo biloba and its active ingredients in the treatment of CVDs,with emphasis on the antioxidant,apoptosis-inhibiting,anti-inflammatory mechanism and other mechanisms,so as to provide a scientific basis for their clinical application as well as further development and utilization.
文摘Stevioside is a low-calorie high-power sweetener with a variety of positive pharmacological effects.With the growing attention to health,stevia leaf has garnered widespread interest at home and abroad.This article reviews the main pharmacological effects of stevioside and their mechanisms,in order to provide references for the research on the edible and medicinal value of stevioside.
文摘As one of the widely used medicinal herbs with both medicinal and dietary applications in China,Angelica sinensis offers the advantage of“nourishing without causing stagnation”and has a variety of pharmacological effects,making it commonly applied in clinical practice and research.In recent years,as both domestic and international scholars have delved deeper into Angelica sinensis,its extensive pharmacological effects have garnered attention across various sectors of society.To date,Angelica sinensis has been shown to possess functions such as hematopoiesis,anti-inflammation,pain relief,anti-tumor effects,and immune enhancement.It is frequently employed to address conditions like intestinal dryness,constipation,vertigo,and palpitations.Additionally,Angelica sinensis has demonstrated significant potential and distinct therapeutic advantages in disease intervention,functional food development,and drug innovation.This review focuses on the pharmacological effects of Angelica sinensis,aiming to provide valuable scientific insights for its clinical application,drug innovation,and target development.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81573563)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University(2024CXTD16)the Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Team Project(2023ZD05).
文摘By summarizing the pharmacological effects of pomegranate extract and its active components,such as punicalagin,punicalin,gallic acid,ellagic acid,caffeic acid,and chlorogenic acid,it is found that the extract exhibits therapeutic effects on liver injury,viral hepatitis,metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease,liver fibrosis,and liver cancer.Emerging evidence suggests that these natural products may alleviate liver diseases through multi-targeted therapeutic mechanisms,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidative stress,immunoregulation,and anti-steatosis.The underlying mechanisms by which pomegranate exerts hepatoprotective activities may be attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways,including P62/Nrf2,TGF-β1/Smad7,Wnt/β-catenin,MAPK/Nrf2,Nrf2/Keap1,Akt/FOXO3a,MAPK/NF-κB,etc.Consequently,pomegranate can serve as a functional food,nutritional supplement,or adjuvant in the modern treatment of liver diseases.
基金Supported by Project of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology,No.2018ZA063Chinese National Natural and Science Foundation,No.81700552Natural Science Fund Committee of Zhejiang Province,No.LQ20C200010。
文摘Astragalus membranaceus Bunge,known as Huangqi,has been used to treat various diseases for a long time.AstragalosideⅣ(AS-Ⅳ)is one of the primary active ingredients of the aqueous Huangqi extract.Many experimental models have shown that AS-Ⅳexerts broad beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease,nervous system diseases,lung disease,diabetes,organ injury,kidney disease,and gynaecological diseases.This review demonstrates and summarizes the structure,solubility,pharmacokinetics,toxicity,pharmacological effects,and autophagic mechanism of AS-Ⅳ.The autophagic effects are associated with multiple signalling pathways in experimental models,including the PI3KI/Akt/m TOR,PI3KⅢ/Beclin-1/Bcl-2,PI3K/Akt,AMPK/m TOR,PI3K/Akt/m TOR,SIRT1–NF-κB,PI3K/AKT/AS160,and TGF-β/Smad signalling pathways.Based on this evidence,AS-Ⅳcould be used as a replacement therapy for treating the multiple diseases referenced above.
基金the National Key Research and Development Plan,China(2016YFD0400203-4).
文摘Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate of E.ulmoides Oliv.is still very low,only bark has been used as medicine and other parts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.cannot be fully utilized,even the leaves have been well utilized in food products in Japan in the past decades.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of E.ulmoides Oliv.,in this review,we summarized the varieties and contents of main active compounds,biological functions and pharmacological effects in different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.The findings suggest that other parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.could replace the bark of E.ulmoides Oliv.to some extent besides of their respective applications.The unique and extensive physiological functions between different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.indicate that the comprehensive utilization of E.ulmoides Oliv.has a wide space to develop,which is also an effective way to protect E.ulmoides Oliv.resources and improve its the utilization rate.
基金Science and Technology Development Program of Henan Province(192102110112)Science and Technology Project of Kaifeng(1908005).
文摘Genus Lilium is famous for edible and medicinal function which is related to its chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.Chemical researches showed that genus Lilium genus mainly contains steroidal saponins,polysaccharides,alkaloids and flavonoids.Pharmacological effects of Lilium include anti-tumor,hypoglycemic,antibacterial,anti-oxidation,anti-depression and anti-inflammatory.This paper summarized chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lilium.
基金the Leading Technology Foundation Research Project of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20192005)the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(No.SzSM201801060)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82073928)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.021-I2M-5-011).
文摘Pien Tze Huang(PTH)was documented as an imperial prescription composed of Notoginseng Radix,Calculus Bovis,Snake Gallbladder,and Musk.It is famous in China and Asian countries due to its excellent effects in heat clearing,detoxifying,swelling reduction,and pain relieving.Modern pharmacological studies demonstrate that PTH shows excellent effects against various inflammatory diseases,liver diseases,and cancers.This review summaries the pharmacological effects,clinical applications,and mainchemical components of PTH.More importantly,its potential quality markers(Q-markers)were then analyzed based on the“five principles”of Q-markers under the guidance of Traditional Chinese Medicine theory,including transfer and traceability,specificity,efficacy,compatibility,and measurability.As a result,ginsenosides Rb1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rd,ginsenoside Re,notoginsenoside R1,dencichine,bilirubin,biliverdin,taurocholic acid,and muscone are considered as the Q-markers of PTH.These findings will provide guidance and assistance for the construction of a quality control system for PTH.
基金This work was funded by the grant of Jilin Science&Technology Development Plan(No.20200301037RQ).
文摘Ginsenoside Rb3(G-Rb3)is one of the primary active compounds isolated from Panax ginseng Meyer,which belongs to protopanaxadiol ginsenosides(PPD).Based on the structure-activity relationship(SAR)of ginsenosides,the pentose structure of G-Rb3 limited itself to possess more pharmacological activity to a certain extent.However,pharmacokinetics show that G-Rb3 is processed through deglycosylation in the intestinal tract and converted into more active rare saponins,such as Compound K,F2,etc.A series of studies focused on neuroprotection and the cardiovascular system demonstrating its therapeutic potentials,which was achieved by diminishing oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,more systematic and in-depth studies are needed to complete the pharmaceutical value and to promote its clinical applications.This article highlights the multiple pharmacological effects and mechanisms of G-Rb3 and prospects for its development.
基金Project of Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Chinese Medicine(20201371)Guangdong Medical Research Foundation(A2020170)Science and Technology Plan of Zhongshan City,Guangdong Province(2019B1014).
文摘This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on the pharmacological effects of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf in recent years,and finds that Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf has good pharmacological effects in many aspects,including anti-inflammation,anti-oxidation,anti-thrombosis,anti-tumor and so on.In particular,more than ten saponins have been found to have good anti-tumor activity and have potential research value,which can provide reference for the full development and utilization of Ardisia gigantifolia Stapf resources.
基金This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(Grant No:2019J05032).
文摘Paecilomyces hepiali is a fungus with edible and pharmaceutic value,isolated from Ophiocordyceps sinensis.Its main bioactive constituents contain alkaloids,cyclic dipeptides,steroids,organic acids,and polysaccharides.Due to the huge development potential of P.hepiali in the field of food and medicine,it has been developed into a variety of products that cater to the needs of the public.In this paper,the chemical constituents and their pharmacological effects of P.hepiali are reviewed,which can provide reference for the development and application of P.hepiali.
基金Supported by Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(NO.YCSY2022012,NO.YJSJG201602)Supported by Guangxi Key R&D Program(GK AB19110027)High-level Innovation Team and Outstanding Scholars Program of Guangxi Colleges and Universities:Zhuang Medical Foundation and Clinical Research Innovation Team(GJR[2014]07)。
文摘This paper searched and summarized the relevant research literature on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Cocculus laurifolius DC.,and provides a reference for further research on the quality standard of medicinal materials,clinical drug safety and the development and application of new drugs.The main chemical components of C.laurifolius are isoquinoline alkaloids.C.laurifolius has the pharmacological effects such as analgesic,hypotensive,antibacterial,free radical-scavenging activity,anticonvulsant,neuroprotective activity,anxiolytic and hypnotic effects.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Projects of Guangxi Oceanic Administration(HYKJXM-2011-01HYKJXM-2012-04+3 种基金HYKJXM-2013-C)Construction Project of Guangxi Science&Technology Infrastructure Platform(10046-04)Collaborative Innovation Center of Southwest Ethnic Medicine Project(CICSEM 2013-B2)Lab of Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Drugs Application Technology and R&D
文摘Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus is a traditional marine drug. There are more than two thousand years of history using clamshell as a component of medicine.After a review of relevant literature at home and abroad for nearly 20 years,the author summarized chemical composition and pharmacological effects of M. meretrix,in order to provide a scientific basis for further development and utilization of M. meretrix.
