Based on the Relevance Theory established by Sperber & Wilson, this paper sets out to look into the persuasive power in a chosen advertisement and at the same time tries to render plausible explanations of the con...Based on the Relevance Theory established by Sperber & Wilson, this paper sets out to look into the persuasive power in a chosen advertisement and at the same time tries to render plausible explanations of the contextual effects that are inferred by the audience in the communicative process.展开更多
The essay is based on The Libido for the Ugly written by Henry Louis Mencken.The writer demonstrates the persuasiveness of the work through two different aspects–persuasive and impressionistic writing skills.After de...The essay is based on The Libido for the Ugly written by Henry Louis Mencken.The writer demonstrates the persuasiveness of the work through two different aspects–persuasive and impressionistic writing skills.After detailed analysis,the reason for the strong credibility of that subjective description could be clearly shown.展开更多
This paper explores the integration of persuasive technology into smoking cessation efforts through the development and evaluation of a mobile app, “No-Smoke.” Leveraging compelling features like social support, tra...This paper explores the integration of persuasive technology into smoking cessation efforts through the development and evaluation of a mobile app, “No-Smoke.” Leveraging compelling features like social support, tracking, planning, and motivation, the app aims to augment user engagement and support the process of quitting smoking. The efficacy of these features has been substantiated through both automated testing and user feedback, highlighting their potential to enhance awareness, motivation, and behavior modification. Despite notable successes, limitations, including a limited user base and uncertainties regarding long-term efficacy, have been acknowledged, stemming from the inherent complexities of smoking cessation. Nevertheless, based on user experiences and feedback, “No-Smoke” represents a promising advancement in the use of technology for public health interventions, particularly in the realm of smoking cessation. To address existing challenges, future research is recommended to encompass a comprehensive, long-term study involving a larger and more diverse user base. Additionally, further investigation should focus on personalization enhancements and the integration of machine learning algorithms to better understand and respond to user behavior.展开更多
Persuasive or argumentative writing,which focuses on the reader and seeks to change the reader’s mind,or to bring the reader’s point of view to the writer’s,is the most prominent and practical academic writing and ...Persuasive or argumentative writing,which focuses on the reader and seeks to change the reader’s mind,or to bring the reader’s point of view to the writer’s,is the most prominent and practical academic writing and is also the most complex and most challenging.To achieve the persuasive purpose,audience is a key element to consider.But unfortunately,many Chinese college students have no sense of audience at all.Besides,although some researchers have mentioned in their books or papers the important role the audience plays in persuasive writing,so far few writing books or papers have made a relatively comprehensive and systematic study and exploration of how to strengthen Chinese college students’audience awareness.So,this paper,which is intended to elaborate on it,first gives a definition to audience awareness,then analyzes the influence audience awareness exerts on persuasive writing,and finally proposes a few feasible and effective methods to strengthen Chinese college students’audience awareness.展开更多
Courtroom interaction is a distinct form of communication.It entails verbal and visual resources and abilities to express meaning,negotiate,and,hence,persuade.The discourse within criminal trials holds particular sign...Courtroom interaction is a distinct form of communication.It entails verbal and visual resources and abilities to express meaning,negotiate,and,hence,persuade.The discourse within criminal trials holds particular significance in determining the paradigm chosen by legal practitioners.The systemic-functional(SF)approach to multimodal discourse analysis explores meaning arises from the use of various semiotic systems in discourse.Primarily based on Systemic Functional Theory(SFT),and with an application of Aristotle’s three standards of persuasion:Ethos,Pathos,and Logos,this study proposes a multimodal persuasive approach to investigate the intersemiotic structures and systems of meaning and persuasive tactics that emerge when vocal and visual resources combine in a criminal courtroom trial.This entails looking at the various language manifestations as persuasive semiosis of useful oratory choice systems.For the goal of a deep,dynamic multimodal persuasion,this study employs ELAN,an interactive,cross-platform multimodal discourse analysis software.With the help of ELAN,annotations of videos and specifications of linguistic types and tiers can be achieved.The analysis reveals that legal discourse in courtrooms is constructed through“choices”made from within and outside linguistic confines.The resulting complex interactions between semiotic modes and material sources demonstrate the need for a multimodal approach to persuasion within the courtroom context.展开更多
Persuasion,as one of the crucial abilities in human communication,has garnered extensive attention from researchers within the field of intelligent dialogue systems.Developing dialogue agents that can persuade others ...Persuasion,as one of the crucial abilities in human communication,has garnered extensive attention from researchers within the field of intelligent dialogue systems.Developing dialogue agents that can persuade others to accept certain standpoints is essential to achieving truly intelligent and anthropomorphic dialogue systems.Benefiting from the substantial progress of Large Language Models(LLMs),dialogue agents have acquired an exceptional capability in context understanding and response generation.However,as a typical and complicated cognitive psychological system,persuasive dialogue agents also require knowledge from the domain of cognitive psychology to attain a level of human-like persuasion.Consequently,the cognitive strategy-enhanced persuasive dialogue agent(defined as CogAgent),which incorporates cognitive strategies to achieve persuasive targets through conversation,has become a predominant research paradigm.To depict the research trends of CogAgent,in this paper,we first present several fundamental cognitive psychology theories and give the formalized definition of three typical cognitive strategies,including the persuasion strategy,the topic path planning strategy,and the argument structure prediction strategy.Then we propose a new system architecture by incorporating the formalized definition to lay the foundation of CogAgent.Representative works are detailed and investigated according to the combined cognitive strategy,followed by the summary of authoritative benchmarks and evaluation metrics.Finally,we summarize our insights on open issues and future directions of CogAgent for upcoming researchers.展开更多
The notion that’monologic’written texts construe for themselves a putative addressee(variously termed the’ideal’,’imagined’,’virtual’,’intended’,’model’or’mock’reader)has received a great deal of scholar...The notion that’monologic’written texts construe for themselves a putative addressee(variously termed the’ideal’,’imagined’,’virtual’,’intended’,’model’or’mock’reader)has received a great deal of scholarly attention,initially by scholars of literary fiction and subsequently by discourse analysts more generally.This paper is concerned with putative-reader positioning in persuasive texts and with how,through observing the relationships of alignment and dis-alignment which the author enters into with this putative reader,it is possible to better understand the rhetorical workings of these texts.More specifically,it demonstrates how,through an analysis of which beliefs,expectations and attitudes the author projects onto this putative addressee it is possible to better understand how such a text may be persuasive,to more systematically describe the’compliant readings’associated with a text and to more thoroughly deal with’ideological’workings of persuasive texts as they naturalize particular value systems and world views.In outlining and demonstrating an approach to analyses of putative-addressee positioning,the paper draws on prior work in literary criticism scholarship and in university composition studies.Its primary focus,however,is on developing prior work on the putative addressee in the appraisal-framework literature,in particular work which has attended to the role of the resources of dialogistic positioning(ENGAGEMENT)in’writing the reader into the text’.展开更多
The new paradigm for technical prose rejects the conventional conveyor belt view and recognizes technical writing as not objective but persuasive and fundamentally rhetorical. For this reason, sci tech translation is ...The new paradigm for technical prose rejects the conventional conveyor belt view and recognizes technical writing as not objective but persuasive and fundamentally rhetorical. For this reason, sci tech translation is also persuasive and therefore far from uncreative or unimaginative. Based on the point of view of underlying unity of the arts and sciences, this paper discusses the relationship between sci tech translation and arts from the common rhetorical devices of literary works and technical prose and interpenetration between literary style and technical style. [展开更多
Persuasive technology is the use of computers,devices or applications to change a person's attitudes or behavior.Persuasibility design within the system life-cycle is a nascent area of research which is different ...Persuasive technology is the use of computers,devices or applications to change a person's attitudes or behavior.Persuasibility design within the system life-cycle is a nascent area of research which is different from design in the traditional method.This paper focuses on the research of persuasibility design and its assessment in the system life-cycle.A life-cycle oriented systemic general theory is developed in this paper to evaluate persuasibility design.Persuasibility assessment is considered as a part of persuasibility design.Its procedure and method are explored and analyzed based on the system life-cycle in this paper.A possible research direction is to create more explicit and detailed persuasion design and assessment methods which can be used not only in personal computer persuasive application,but also many other electric devices that are designed for persuasion purposes.展开更多
Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s I Have a Dream is a world famous and influential lecture on August 28,1963 at the Lincoln Memorial.To make lecture powerful,Dr.King use large number of rhetorical devices to conveyed a ...Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s I Have a Dream is a world famous and influential lecture on August 28,1963 at the Lincoln Memorial.To make lecture powerful,Dr.King use large number of rhetorical devices to conveyed a message for justice and equality.The analysis of these rhetorical devices aims at a better understanding of the theme of the speech.展开更多
The most important target of advertisement rhetoric is its aesthetic effect and persuasive force.In order to get this aim,the advertisement usually resorts to the rhetoric devices.This paper firstly gives an introduct...The most important target of advertisement rhetoric is its aesthetic effect and persuasive force.In order to get this aim,the advertisement usually resorts to the rhetoric devices.This paper firstly gives an introduction to the English advertisement,and then it supplies a detailed discussion of some principal rhetorical devices used in English advertisements,that is: parallelism,repetition,pun,irony,parody,figure of speech,creating speech,rhyming and contrast.By using these rhetorical devices and the carefully-chosen words and well-balanced sentences,the advertising words are colorful and have a powerful strength of persuasion.展开更多
The issue of this study continues the analysis of persuasive truth （the ＂truth＂ of beliefs）, a problem debated by us inseveral articles already published, especially in two of them： Doxastic Dialectics （1999） a...The issue of this study continues the analysis of persuasive truth （the ＂truth＂ of beliefs）, a problem debated by us inseveral articles already published, especially in two of them： Doxastic Dialectics （1999） and The Probable and theProblem （2010）. In this new ＂chapter,＂ our intention is to develop more details from the perspective of subjectivity,which has a grounding role in doxastic dialectics. Doxa＇s axiomatic mechanism tries to temper the subjectivedimension of persuasive truth, by submitting the doxastic proofs to the control of the oppositional principle（=antithetic ＂reasoning＂）. Doxastic thinking discovers dialectically its own ratio （=measure）, progressivelyincreasing the relevance of the listening capacity. In the text that follows, the concept of listening is used in a largerthan sensitive sense, being equivalent to condition of receptivity.展开更多
This paper explores the recent findings of some empirical research concerning Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham＇s （ISIS＇） communication and tries to synthesize them under the theoretical frame of propaganda＇s con...This paper explores the recent findings of some empirical research concerning Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham＇s （ISIS＇） communication and tries to synthesize them under the theoretical frame of propaganda＇s concept and practices. Many authors demonstrated how ISIS propaganda campaigns, in particular those deployed on cyberspace, proved to be effective in recruiting new members in both western and Muslim countries. However, while most of the researches focused on ISIS＇s communication contents and narratives, few works considered other methods and techniques used for actually delivering them. This is a regrettable missing point given the fact that communication＇s and neurosciences＇ studies demonstrate that not only what is communicated but also the techniques adopted bear important consequences on the receiver＇s perceptions and behavior. Therefore, this article analyzes in particular the findings of researches carried out by communication scholars, social psychologists, and neuro-cognitive scientists on ISIS＇ persuasive communication techniques and demonstrates their importance for security studies＇ analysis of ISIS＇ propaganda. It argues that ISIS＇ success in mobilizing people and make them prone to violent action relies on-among other factors-its knowledge and exploitation of sophisticated methods of perceptions＇ manipulation and behavior＇s influence. This, in turn, demonstrates ISIS＇ possession of state-like soft power capabilities effectively deployed in propaganda campaigns and therefore calls for a more complex understanding of its agency.展开更多
This paper examines how Sun Guoting employs interpersonal metadiscourse to realize the credible appeal in his treatise Shu Pu.The findings of the research indicate the credible appeal aided by this metadiscourse helps...This paper examines how Sun Guoting employs interpersonal metadiscourse to realize the credible appeal in his treatise Shu Pu.The findings of the research indicate the credible appeal aided by this metadiscourse helps illuminate the rhetorical success of Shu Pu.Certainty markers as well as attitude markers prevail,which contribute to the ethos of a determined,upright and passionate calligraphy critic,scholar and supervisor.Meanwhile,hedges,commentaries and attributors of interpersonal metadiscourse also carry credible meanings for Sun’s readers,though used less frequently.展开更多
In Sonnets 1-17,Shakespeare persuades the Fair Young Man to beget a child so that he can conquest Time and preserve his beauty.Shakespeare's persuasion is vivid and convincing.This paper analyzes the techniques of...In Sonnets 1-17,Shakespeare persuades the Fair Young Man to beget a child so that he can conquest Time and preserve his beauty.Shakespeare's persuasion is vivid and convincing.This paper analyzes the techniques of his persuasion from three aspects:syllogism,various images and appealing to the emotion.展开更多
Based on three aesthetic criteria of logos, pathos and ethos in classic rhetoric theory, this article analyzes the modes of persuasion applied in Barack Obama's first inaugural speech. It has been found out that t...Based on three aesthetic criteria of logos, pathos and ethos in classic rhetoric theory, this article analyzes the modes of persuasion applied in Barack Obama's first inaugural speech. It has been found out that the perfect combination of these three appeals endows the speech with the rhetoric charm, passion and art of language which efficiently helps Obama to guarantee the political success in election.展开更多
Charles Darwin discovers that the theory of the species＇ creation by a miraculous being has reached a double impasse, due to the science ＂speech＂ evolution. There is an expositive impasse （it can＇t explain some f...Charles Darwin discovers that the theory of the species＇ creation by a miraculous being has reached a double impasse, due to the science ＂speech＂ evolution. There is an expositive impasse （it can＇t explain some facts any more） and a communication-comprehensive impasse （within its limits, some facts are not communicable or understandable）. In order to endorse his theory of evolutionism, Darwin develops an argumentative communicating science based on two axes： the facts and the axiomatics. His communicating science follows the next structure： （1） a relation with the starting thesis is established; （2） some evidence are promoted; （3） as the base of the evidence, a motivation is emphasized; （4） as a reason, an axiomatics is assigned to this base; and （5） finally, the facts and the quantifiers are explained by valid conclusions.展开更多
文摘Based on the Relevance Theory established by Sperber & Wilson, this paper sets out to look into the persuasive power in a chosen advertisement and at the same time tries to render plausible explanations of the contextual effects that are inferred by the audience in the communicative process.
文摘The essay is based on The Libido for the Ugly written by Henry Louis Mencken.The writer demonstrates the persuasiveness of the work through two different aspects–persuasive and impressionistic writing skills.After detailed analysis,the reason for the strong credibility of that subjective description could be clearly shown.
文摘This paper explores the integration of persuasive technology into smoking cessation efforts through the development and evaluation of a mobile app, “No-Smoke.” Leveraging compelling features like social support, tracking, planning, and motivation, the app aims to augment user engagement and support the process of quitting smoking. The efficacy of these features has been substantiated through both automated testing and user feedback, highlighting their potential to enhance awareness, motivation, and behavior modification. Despite notable successes, limitations, including a limited user base and uncertainties regarding long-term efficacy, have been acknowledged, stemming from the inherent complexities of smoking cessation. Nevertheless, based on user experiences and feedback, “No-Smoke” represents a promising advancement in the use of technology for public health interventions, particularly in the realm of smoking cessation. To address existing challenges, future research is recommended to encompass a comprehensive, long-term study involving a larger and more diverse user base. Additionally, further investigation should focus on personalization enhancements and the integration of machine learning algorithms to better understand and respond to user behavior.
基金This paper is supported by Sichuan Foreign Language and Literature Research Center(Project No.:SCWYGJ22-18)it is also the research result of“English Writing”,one of the second batch of online and offline first-class undergraduate courses in Sichuan Province(2021).
文摘Persuasive or argumentative writing,which focuses on the reader and seeks to change the reader’s mind,or to bring the reader’s point of view to the writer’s,is the most prominent and practical academic writing and is also the most complex and most challenging.To achieve the persuasive purpose,audience is a key element to consider.But unfortunately,many Chinese college students have no sense of audience at all.Besides,although some researchers have mentioned in their books or papers the important role the audience plays in persuasive writing,so far few writing books or papers have made a relatively comprehensive and systematic study and exploration of how to strengthen Chinese college students’audience awareness.So,this paper,which is intended to elaborate on it,first gives a definition to audience awareness,then analyzes the influence audience awareness exerts on persuasive writing,and finally proposes a few feasible and effective methods to strengthen Chinese college students’audience awareness.
文摘Courtroom interaction is a distinct form of communication.It entails verbal and visual resources and abilities to express meaning,negotiate,and,hence,persuade.The discourse within criminal trials holds particular significance in determining the paradigm chosen by legal practitioners.The systemic-functional(SF)approach to multimodal discourse analysis explores meaning arises from the use of various semiotic systems in discourse.Primarily based on Systemic Functional Theory(SFT),and with an application of Aristotle’s three standards of persuasion:Ethos,Pathos,and Logos,this study proposes a multimodal persuasive approach to investigate the intersemiotic structures and systems of meaning and persuasive tactics that emerge when vocal and visual resources combine in a criminal courtroom trial.This entails looking at the various language manifestations as persuasive semiosis of useful oratory choice systems.For the goal of a deep,dynamic multimodal persuasion,this study employs ELAN,an interactive,cross-platform multimodal discourse analysis software.With the help of ELAN,annotations of videos and specifications of linguistic types and tiers can be achieved.The analysis reveals that legal discourse in courtrooms is constructed through“choices”made from within and outside linguistic confines.The resulting complex interactions between semiotic modes and material sources demonstrate the need for a multimodal approach to persuasion within the courtroom context.
基金partially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(62025205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62032020).
文摘Persuasion,as one of the crucial abilities in human communication,has garnered extensive attention from researchers within the field of intelligent dialogue systems.Developing dialogue agents that can persuade others to accept certain standpoints is essential to achieving truly intelligent and anthropomorphic dialogue systems.Benefiting from the substantial progress of Large Language Models(LLMs),dialogue agents have acquired an exceptional capability in context understanding and response generation.However,as a typical and complicated cognitive psychological system,persuasive dialogue agents also require knowledge from the domain of cognitive psychology to attain a level of human-like persuasion.Consequently,the cognitive strategy-enhanced persuasive dialogue agent(defined as CogAgent),which incorporates cognitive strategies to achieve persuasive targets through conversation,has become a predominant research paradigm.To depict the research trends of CogAgent,in this paper,we first present several fundamental cognitive psychology theories and give the formalized definition of three typical cognitive strategies,including the persuasion strategy,the topic path planning strategy,and the argument structure prediction strategy.Then we propose a new system architecture by incorporating the formalized definition to lay the foundation of CogAgent.Representative works are detailed and investigated according to the combined cognitive strategy,followed by the summary of authoritative benchmarks and evaluation metrics.Finally,we summarize our insights on open issues and future directions of CogAgent for upcoming researchers.
文摘The notion that’monologic’written texts construe for themselves a putative addressee(variously termed the’ideal’,’imagined’,’virtual’,’intended’,’model’or’mock’reader)has received a great deal of scholarly attention,initially by scholars of literary fiction and subsequently by discourse analysts more generally.This paper is concerned with putative-reader positioning in persuasive texts and with how,through observing the relationships of alignment and dis-alignment which the author enters into with this putative reader,it is possible to better understand the rhetorical workings of these texts.More specifically,it demonstrates how,through an analysis of which beliefs,expectations and attitudes the author projects onto this putative addressee it is possible to better understand how such a text may be persuasive,to more systematically describe the’compliant readings’associated with a text and to more thoroughly deal with’ideological’workings of persuasive texts as they naturalize particular value systems and world views.In outlining and demonstrating an approach to analyses of putative-addressee positioning,the paper draws on prior work in literary criticism scholarship and in university composition studies.Its primary focus,however,is on developing prior work on the putative addressee in the appraisal-framework literature,in particular work which has attended to the role of the resources of dialogistic positioning(ENGAGEMENT)in’writing the reader into the text’.
文摘The new paradigm for technical prose rejects the conventional conveyor belt view and recognizes technical writing as not objective but persuasive and fundamentally rhetorical. For this reason, sci tech translation is also persuasive and therefore far from uncreative or unimaginative. Based on the point of view of underlying unity of the arts and sciences, this paper discusses the relationship between sci tech translation and arts from the common rhetorical devices of literary works and technical prose and interpenetration between literary style and technical style. [
文摘Persuasive technology is the use of computers,devices or applications to change a person's attitudes or behavior.Persuasibility design within the system life-cycle is a nascent area of research which is different from design in the traditional method.This paper focuses on the research of persuasibility design and its assessment in the system life-cycle.A life-cycle oriented systemic general theory is developed in this paper to evaluate persuasibility design.Persuasibility assessment is considered as a part of persuasibility design.Its procedure and method are explored and analyzed based on the system life-cycle in this paper.A possible research direction is to create more explicit and detailed persuasion design and assessment methods which can be used not only in personal computer persuasive application,but also many other electric devices that are designed for persuasion purposes.
文摘Dr.Martin Luther King Jr.'s I Have a Dream is a world famous and influential lecture on August 28,1963 at the Lincoln Memorial.To make lecture powerful,Dr.King use large number of rhetorical devices to conveyed a message for justice and equality.The analysis of these rhetorical devices aims at a better understanding of the theme of the speech.
文摘The most important target of advertisement rhetoric is its aesthetic effect and persuasive force.In order to get this aim,the advertisement usually resorts to the rhetoric devices.This paper firstly gives an introduction to the English advertisement,and then it supplies a detailed discussion of some principal rhetorical devices used in English advertisements,that is: parallelism,repetition,pun,irony,parody,figure of speech,creating speech,rhyming and contrast.By using these rhetorical devices and the carefully-chosen words and well-balanced sentences,the advertising words are colorful and have a powerful strength of persuasion.
文摘The issue of this study continues the analysis of persuasive truth （the ＂truth＂ of beliefs）, a problem debated by us inseveral articles already published, especially in two of them： Doxastic Dialectics （1999） and The Probable and theProblem （2010）. In this new ＂chapter,＂ our intention is to develop more details from the perspective of subjectivity,which has a grounding role in doxastic dialectics. Doxa＇s axiomatic mechanism tries to temper the subjectivedimension of persuasive truth, by submitting the doxastic proofs to the control of the oppositional principle（=antithetic ＂reasoning＂）. Doxastic thinking discovers dialectically its own ratio （=measure）, progressivelyincreasing the relevance of the listening capacity. In the text that follows, the concept of listening is used in a largerthan sensitive sense, being equivalent to condition of receptivity.
文摘This paper explores the recent findings of some empirical research concerning Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham＇s （ISIS＇） communication and tries to synthesize them under the theoretical frame of propaganda＇s concept and practices. Many authors demonstrated how ISIS propaganda campaigns, in particular those deployed on cyberspace, proved to be effective in recruiting new members in both western and Muslim countries. However, while most of the researches focused on ISIS＇s communication contents and narratives, few works considered other methods and techniques used for actually delivering them. This is a regrettable missing point given the fact that communication＇s and neurosciences＇ studies demonstrate that not only what is communicated but also the techniques adopted bear important consequences on the receiver＇s perceptions and behavior. Therefore, this article analyzes in particular the findings of researches carried out by communication scholars, social psychologists, and neuro-cognitive scientists on ISIS＇ persuasive communication techniques and demonstrates their importance for security studies＇ analysis of ISIS＇ propaganda. It argues that ISIS＇ success in mobilizing people and make them prone to violent action relies on-among other factors-its knowledge and exploitation of sophisticated methods of perceptions＇ manipulation and behavior＇s influence. This, in turn, demonstrates ISIS＇ possession of state-like soft power capabilities effectively deployed in propaganda campaigns and therefore calls for a more complex understanding of its agency.
文摘This paper examines how Sun Guoting employs interpersonal metadiscourse to realize the credible appeal in his treatise Shu Pu.The findings of the research indicate the credible appeal aided by this metadiscourse helps illuminate the rhetorical success of Shu Pu.Certainty markers as well as attitude markers prevail,which contribute to the ethos of a determined,upright and passionate calligraphy critic,scholar and supervisor.Meanwhile,hedges,commentaries and attributors of interpersonal metadiscourse also carry credible meanings for Sun’s readers,though used less frequently.
文摘In Sonnets 1-17,Shakespeare persuades the Fair Young Man to beget a child so that he can conquest Time and preserve his beauty.Shakespeare's persuasion is vivid and convincing.This paper analyzes the techniques of his persuasion from three aspects:syllogism,various images and appealing to the emotion.
文摘Based on three aesthetic criteria of logos, pathos and ethos in classic rhetoric theory, this article analyzes the modes of persuasion applied in Barack Obama's first inaugural speech. It has been found out that the perfect combination of these three appeals endows the speech with the rhetoric charm, passion and art of language which efficiently helps Obama to guarantee the political success in election.
文摘Charles Darwin discovers that the theory of the species＇ creation by a miraculous being has reached a double impasse, due to the science ＂speech＂ evolution. There is an expositive impasse （it can＇t explain some facts any more） and a communication-comprehensive impasse （within its limits, some facts are not communicable or understandable）. In order to endorse his theory of evolutionism, Darwin develops an argumentative communicating science based on two axes： the facts and the axiomatics. His communicating science follows the next structure： （1） a relation with the starting thesis is established; （2） some evidence are promoted; （3） as the base of the evidence, a motivation is emphasized; （4） as a reason, an axiomatics is assigned to this base; and （5） finally, the facts and the quantifiers are explained by valid conclusions.
