Radiative cooling fabric creates a thermally comfortable environment without energy input,providing a sustainable approach to personal thermal management.However,most currently reported fabrics mainly focus on outdoor...Radiative cooling fabric creates a thermally comfortable environment without energy input,providing a sustainable approach to personal thermal management.However,most currently reported fabrics mainly focus on outdoor cooling,ignoring to achieve simultaneous cooling both indoors and outdoors,thereby weakening the overall cooling performance.Herein,a full-scale structure fabric with selective emission properties is constructed for simultaneous indoor and outdoor cooling.The fabric achieves 94%reflectance performance in the sunlight band(0.3–2.5μm)and 6%in the mid-infrared band(2.5–25μm),effectively minimizing heat absorption and radiation release obstruction.It also demonstrates 81%radiative emission performance in the atmospheric window band(8–13μm)and 25%radiative transmission performance in the mid-infrared band(2.5–25μm),providing 60 and 26 W m−2 net cooling power outdoors and indoors.In practical applications,the fabric achieves excellent indoor and outdoor human cooling,with temperatures 1.4–5.5℃ lower than typical polydimethylsiloxane film.This work proposes a novel design for the advanced radiative cooling fabric,offering significant potential to realize sustainable personal thermal management.展开更多
With the continuously increasing awareness of energy conservation and the intensifying impacts of global warming, Personal Thermal Management (PTM) technologies are increasingly recognized for their potential to ensur...With the continuously increasing awareness of energy conservation and the intensifying impacts of global warming, Personal Thermal Management (PTM) technologies are increasingly recognized for their potential to ensure human thermal comfort in extreme environments. Biomimetic structures have emerged as a novel source of inspiration for PTM applications. This review systematically summarizes the biomimetic structures, phase change materials, manufacturing methods, and the performance of multifunctional PTM wearables. Firstly, it analyzes the biomimetic structures with thermal regulation and encapsulated phase change material functionalities from different dimensions, highlighting their applications in PTM. Subsequently, it outlines the conventional manufacturing methods incorporating various biomimetic structures, offering strategies for the production of PTM wearables. The review also discusses the typical performance characteristics of multifunctional PTM wearables, addressing the current demands in thermal management. Finally, opportunities and challenges in PTM field are proposed, proposing new directions for future research.展开更多
Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building hea...Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning systems.In recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and skin.The advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and engineering.An emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of regulation.However,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of PRTM.In this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for PRTM.Specifically,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode thermoregulation.Furthermore,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.展开更多
Mobile SNS popular topics of mobile is one of the most Internet. In order to fulfill the user demand for self-maintained independent social network and ensure the privacy of their personal information and resources, t...Mobile SNS popular topics of mobile is one of the most Internet. In order to fulfill the user demand for self-maintained independent social network and ensure the privacy of their personal information and resources, the paper proposes system architecture of decentralized mobile SNS.In the temporary scenarios, the system makes use of the existent specification of FOAF （Friend- of-a-Friend） to describe users＇ personal information and act as a certificate to be identified by SNS sites. Ticket-based Access Authorization System （TAAS） is provided to grant permission to acquire resources on personal portal. Meanwhile, the mechanism and algorithm are devised for user profile complete deletion when users are going to quit the service for the temporary scenarios.展开更多
BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral h...BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.展开更多
On October 18,2017,the 19th National Congress Report called for the implementation of the Healthy China Strategy.The development of biomedical data plays a pivotal role in advancing this strategy.Since the 18th Nation...On October 18,2017,the 19th National Congress Report called for the implementation of the Healthy China Strategy.The development of biomedical data plays a pivotal role in advancing this strategy.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has vigorously promoted the integration and implementation of the Healthy China and Digital China strategies.The National Health Commission has prioritized the development of health and medical big data,issuing policies to promote standardized applica-tions and foster innovation in"Internet+Healthcare."Biomedical data has significantly contributed to preci-sion medicine,personalized health management,drug development,disease diagnosis,public health monitor-ing,and epidemic prediction capabilities.展开更多
In the era of global climate change,personal thermoregulation has become critical to addressing the growing demands for thermoadaptability,comfort,health,and work efficiency in dynamic environments.Here,we introduce a...In the era of global climate change,personal thermoregulation has become critical to addressing the growing demands for thermoadaptability,comfort,health,and work efficiency in dynamic environments.Here,we introduce an innovative three-dimensional(3D)self-folding knitted fabric that achieves dual thermal regulation modes through architectural reconfiguration.In the warming mode,the fabric maintains its natural 3D structure,trapping still air with extremely low thermal conductivity to provide high thermal resistance(0.06 m^(2) K W^(−1)),effectively minimizing heat loss.In the cooling mode,the fabric transitions to a 2D flat state via stretching,with titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)coatings that enhance solar reflectivity(89.5%)and infrared emissivity(93.5%),achieving a cooling effect of 4.3℃under sunlight.The fabric demonstrates exceptional durability and washability,enduring over 1000 folding cycles,and is manufactured using scalable and cost-effective knitting techniques.Beyond thermoregulation,it exhibits excellent breathability,sweat management,and flexibility,ensuring wear comfort and tactile feel under diverse conditions.This study presents an innovative solution for next-generation adaptive textiles,addressing the limitations of static thermal fabrics and advancing personal thermal management with wide applications for wearable technology,extreme environments,and sustainable fashion.展开更多
In recent years,the global prevalence of overweight and obesity has exhibited a sustained upward trajectory.As an independent entity within the spectrum of chronic diseases,obesity serves as a significant pathogenic f...In recent years,the global prevalence of overweight and obesity has exhibited a sustained upward trajectory.As an independent entity within the spectrum of chronic diseases,obesity serves as a significant pathogenic factor for multiple chronic conditions and ranks as the sixth leading risk factor for mortality and disability nationwide.It poses a severe threat to public health while imposing a considerable socioeconomic burden.The etiology of obesity is multifactorial;however,primary diagnostic modalities and therapeutic approaches remain relatively undiversified,and long-term weight maintenance remains challenging.Similar to other chronic diseases,obesity management demands a long-term multimodal strategy.This strategy must incorporate individualized treatment goals and balance the benefits and risks of different interventions to formulate personalized management plans.These plans aim to reduce body weight through multifaceted interventions,alleviate obesity-related comorbidities,enhance quality of life,and optimize overall health outcomes.展开更多
In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagne...In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities have become crucial for human health and safety.In this work,we combine the inherently low infrared emissivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)with the high electrical conductivity and strong solar light absorption properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to achieve a multifunctional wearable fabric.This fabric has a low mid-infrared(MIR)emissivity of 0.33 in the 8-13μm band,thereby demonstrating remarkable infrared stealth properties and a passive radiative heating(PRH)performance of 3.1℃,achieving an ideal covert thermal management effect.Its high electrical conductivity(4204 S·m^(−1))and solar light absorptivity(95.45%)have endowed it with satisfactory photo/electric-heating performance and an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency(EMI SE)of 55 dB.Furthermore,this fabric also exhibits excellent self-cleaning properties,along with wearable characteristics that ordinary functional fabrics should possess,such as flexibility,washing resistance,and abrasion resistance.This work not only obtains a functional fabric with broad application prospects in various scenarios such as daily life and military steal,but also fully demonstrated that the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is expected to become a highly promising functional material in the fields of thermal regulation and camouflage.展开更多
Personal thermal management is emerging as a promising strategy to provide thermal comfort for the human body while conserving energy.By improving control over the heat dissipating from the human body,personal thermal...Personal thermal management is emerging as a promising strategy to provide thermal comfort for the human body while conserving energy.By improving control over the heat dissipating from the human body,personal thermal management can provide effective personal cooling and warming.Here,we propose a facile surface modification approach to tailor the thermal conduction and radiation properties based on commercially available fabrics,to realize better management of the whole heat transport pathway from the human body to the ambient.A bifunctional asymmetric fabric(BAF)offering both a cooling and a warming effect is demonstrated.Due to the advantages of roughness asymmetry and surface modification,the BAF demonstrates an effective cooling effect through enhanced heat conduction and radiation in the cooling mode;in the warming mode,heat dissipation along both routes is reduced for personal warming.As a result,a 4.6℃ skin temperature difference is measured between the cooling and warming BAF modes,indicating that the thermal comfort zone of the human body can be enlarged with one piece of BAF clothing.We expect this work to present new insights for the design of personal thermal management textiles as well as a novel solution for the facile modification of available fabrics for both personal cooling and warming.展开更多
Integrating passive radiative cooling techniques with wearable fabrics has gained prominence in addressing global warminginduced energy demands,environmental concerns,and health risks due to their superior and practic...Integrating passive radiative cooling techniques with wearable fabrics has gained prominence in addressing global warminginduced energy demands,environmental concerns,and health risks due to their superior and practical personal thermal management capabilities.However,conventional passive radiative fabrics are normally static,thereby failing to dynamically respond to ever-changing and uncontrollable environmental conditions,posing significant challenges to dynamic regulation in personal thermal management.Herein,inspired by the multilayered architecture of the bright silver scales of Curetis Acuta Moore,an electrospun sandwich structure is developed,which integrates passive radiative cooling and latent heat storage,concurrently achieving sub-ambient cooling and efficient thermal shock resistance.The sandwich biodegradable phase-change metafabric(SBPM)is developed that achieves excellent radiative cooling performance with a sub-ambient temperature drop of 6.8°C under sunlight,including ultrahigh solar reflectance(97.2%)and infrared emittance(92.3%).The average temperature rises 1.8°C above the ambient temperature due to the phase-change material releasing latent heat when the temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature of the human body.Furthermore,supported by comprehensive life cycle assessment,this efficient cooling textile demonstrates biodegradability while maintaining a reduced environmental footprint.The temperature-adaptive SBPM enables self-adaptive radiative cooling modulation,establishing a versatile platform for smart multifunctional fabrics that facilitate precision human–climate interaction in real-world scenarios.展开更多
Daytime radiative cooling is an eco-friendly and passive cooling technology that operates without external energy input.Materials designed for this purpose are engineered to possess high reflectivity in the solar spec...Daytime radiative cooling is an eco-friendly and passive cooling technology that operates without external energy input.Materials designed for this purpose are engineered to possess high reflectivity in the solar spectrum and high emissivity within the atmospheric transmission window.Unlike broadbandemissive daytime radiative cooling materials,spectrally selective daytime radiative cooling(SSDRC)materials exhibit predominant mid-infrared emission in the atmospheric transmission window.This selective mid-infrared emission suppresses thermal radiation absorption beyond the atmospheric transmission window range,thereby improving the net cooling power of daytime radiative cooling.This review elucidates the fundamental characteristics of SSDRC materials,including their molecular structures,micro-and nanostructures,optical properties,and thermodynamic principles.It also provides a comprehensive overview of the design and fabrication of SSDRC materials in three typical forms,i.e.,fibrous materials,membranes,and particle coatings,highlighting their respective cooling mechanisms and performance.Furthermore,the practical applications of SSDRC in personal thermal management,outdoor building cooling,and energy harvesting are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects are discussed to guide researchers in advancing SSDRC materials.展开更多
Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal mo...Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal moisture management cotton electronic textile(PMMC etextile)with a pleated structure and dual-mode triboelectric promoting evaporation is developed.The PMMC e-textile can not only rapidly evaporate sweat in the form of small molecules through electric field polarization,but also stably monitor the movement signal of the human body in the state of sweating.In the two working modes,the water evaporation rate is 0.210 g/h in the triboelectric field generated in the horizontal stretching-recovery mode,and 0.247 g/h in the vertical contact separation mode(1.41 and 1.66 times faster than cotton fabric,respectively).This work exhibits a good fusion of wet comfort textiles and wearable electronics.展开更多
Smart textiles with high sensitivity and rapid response for various external stimuli have gained tremendous attentions in human healthcare monitoring,personal heat management,and wearable electronics.However,the curre...Smart textiles with high sensitivity and rapid response for various external stimuli have gained tremendous attentions in human healthcare monitoring,personal heat management,and wearable electronics.However,the current smart textiles only acquire desired signal passively,regularly lacking subsequent on-demand therapy actively.Herein,a robust,breathable,and flexible smart textiles as multi-function sensor and wearable heater for human health monitoring and gentle thermotherapy in real time is constructed.The composite fiber as strain sensor(CFY@PU)was fabricated via warping carbon fiber yarns(CFY)onto polyurethane fibers(PU),which endowed composite fiber with high conductivity,excellent sensitivity(GF=76.2),and fantastic dynamic durability(7500 cycles)in strain sensing.In addition,CFY@PU can detect various degrees of human movements such as elbow bending,swallowing and pulse,which can provide effective information for disease diagnosis.More surprisingly,weaving CFY@PU into a fabric can assemble highly sensitive pressure sensor for remote communication and information encryption.Warping CFY onto Kevlar would obtain temperature-sensitive composite fiber(CFY@Kevlar)as temperature sensor and wearable heater for on-demand thermotherapy,which provided unique opportunities in designing smart textiles with ultrahigh sensitivity,rapid response,and great dynamic durability.展开更多
A large of energy consumption is required for indoor and outdoor personal heating to ameliorate the comfortable and healthy conditions.Main personal thermal management strategy is to reflect mid-infrared human body ra...A large of energy consumption is required for indoor and outdoor personal heating to ameliorate the comfortable and healthy conditions.Main personal thermal management strategy is to reflect mid-infrared human body radiation for human surface temperature(THS)regulation.We demonstrate a visible Janus light absorbent/reflective air-layer fabric(Janus A/R fabric)that can passively reflect radiative heating meanwhile can actively capture the solar energy.A series of azobenzene derivatives functionalized with alkyl tails are reported to co-harvest the solar and phase-change energy.The THS covered by Janus A/R fabric can be heated up to~3.7°C higher than that covered by air-layer fabric in cold environment(5°C).Besides,integrating the thermo-and photo-chromic properties is capable of monitoring comfort THS and residue energy storage enthalpy,respectively.According to the colour monitors,intermittent irradiation approach is proposed to prolong comfortable-THS holding time for managing energy efficiently.展开更多
Existing personal thermal regulating fabrics fall short of meeting the demands for sustainable and protective outdoor temperature management.Here,a versatile and comfortable Janus fabric has been developed by embeddin...Existing personal thermal regulating fabrics fall short of meeting the demands for sustainable and protective outdoor temperature management.Here,a versatile and comfortable Janus fabric has been developed by embedding boron nitride nanosheets within a porous polyurethane matrix(BNNS@TPU)and introducing Ti3C2Tx MXene into another layer of TPU pores(MXene/TPU).The well-distributed BNNS in porous TPU matrix enhances refractive index difference,increases porosity and optimizes pore size distribution,resulting in an excellent solar reflectivity(R=94.22%),while the distinct distribution of MXene in porous TPU effectively improves solar absorptivity(α=93.57%)and enhances the conduction loss of electromagnetic waves due to multiple scattering and reflection effects.With a simple flip,Janus fabric can switch between sub-ambient cooling of~7.2℃ and super-ambient heating of~46.0℃ to adapt to changing weather and seasonal conditions.The fabric achieves an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of 36 dB,protecting the human body from electromagnetic radiation,attributed to the hierarchical distribution of highly conductive MXene.Furthermore,Janus fabric offers excellent comfort,abrasion resistance,washability,and flame retardancy for practical wear.This study presents an effective strategy for developing personal thermal regulating fabrics with adaptability to environmental changes and resistance to electromagnetic radiation.展开更多
In China,cardiovascular disease has become the leading killer in recent years,and mortality from cardiovascular disease is continuing to rapidly increase.Extant medical research has proven that personal health managem...In China,cardiovascular disease has become the leading killer in recent years,and mortality from cardiovascular disease is continuing to rapidly increase.Extant medical research has proven that personal health management(prevention,intervention,and recuperation)of chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,is the best strategy for their prevention and treatment.Currently,the public can obtain health management knowledge through the Internet,newspapers,books,and other channels.However,with the explosive growth of available information,the public is limited to obtain effective health management guidance due to the characteristics of multiple sources,uneven accuracy(even some contradictory knowledge)and a major paucity of personalization,especially for the general public who lack professional medical knowledge.To address these problems,this paper proposes a knowledge base framework(i.e.domain ontology library)of health management programs based on the cardiovascular disease domain,which can standardize knowledge of health management programs both logically and structurally.In order to satisfy the needs of personalized health management,the core ontology of the domain ontology library is health-management-program ontology.In addition to common ontologies(e.g.disease ontology,drug ontology,etc.),basic ontologies include the ontology of individual health characteristics(e.g.individual-healthcharacteristics and environmental-characteristics ontology),and ontologies comprising diet and sport(e.g.ingredients,recipes,physical exercise,etc.).We then construct the ontology library through the professional ontology tool,Protégé.With a case study,we translate a piece of text health management knowledge into instances of an ontology library.At the same time,we present a personalized health management program recommendation algorithm based on the ontology library,and a recommendation case is realized according to this algorithm.As a basic research,the results of this paper can also support other health management applications in the future.展开更多
People could potentially mitigate heat discomfort when outdoors by combining passive radiative cooling(PRC)strategies with personal thermal management techniques.However,most current PRC materials lack wearing comfort...People could potentially mitigate heat discomfort when outdoors by combining passive radiative cooling(PRC)strategies with personal thermal management techniques.However,most current PRC materials lack wearing comfort and durability.In this study,a microarray technique is applied to fabricate the tailoring photonic-engineered textiles with intriguing PRC capability and appealing wearability.The developed radiative cooling textiles(RCTs)demonstrate appropriate air-moisture permeability,structural stability,and extended spectroscopic response with high sunlight reflectivity(91.7%)and robust heat emissivity(95.8%)through the atmospheric transparent spectral window(ATSW).In a hot outdoor cooling test,a skin simulator covered by the RCTs displays a temperature drop of approximately 4.4℃at noon compared with cotton textiles.The evolution of our mimetic structures may provide new insights into the generation of wearable,thermal-wet comfortable,and robust textiles for exploring PRC techniques in personal thermal management applications.展开更多
The compelling combination of thermochromism and multifunctional wearable heaters in smart textiles has received increas-ing attention given the significant synergistic effect of green solar heat supply and energy sto...The compelling combination of thermochromism and multifunctional wearable heaters in smart textiles has received increas-ing attention given the significant synergistic effect of green solar heat supply and energy storage.However,due to color incompatibility and poor knittability,developing fabrics with bistable thermochromic properties to achieve efficient solar-thermal management remains a challenging endeavor.Here,by combining bistable thermochromic,photochromic,and efficient solar-thermal properties,we constructed an asymmetric Janus(Janus A/B)fiber(BTCSJF)that can simultaneously display two colors and help with energy reserve while harvesting solar power.Benefiting greatly from donor-acceptor elec-tron transfer,dynamic hydrogen bonding,and supercooling properties,BTCSJF displays a quick switch in color,excellent bistability,and enhanced performance in storing phase-change energy.In addition,BTCSJF can be self-heated by 35.6℃higher than conventional fibers because it can capture and store solar energy.This research outlines a method to fabricate braided fibers with two theoretically incompatible properties that have promising implications for self-powered integrated bistable color-changing and personal thermal management applications.展开更多
This paper presents a survey of technologies for personal data self-management interfacing with administrative and territorial public service providers.It classifies a selection of scientific technologies into four ca...This paper presents a survey of technologies for personal data self-management interfacing with administrative and territorial public service providers.It classifies a selection of scientific technologies into four categories of solutions:Personal Data Store(PDS),Identity Manager(IdM),Anonymous Certificate System and Access Control Delegation Architecture.Each category,along with its technological approach,is analyzed thanks to 18 identified functional criteria that encompass architectural and communication aspects,as well as user data lifecycle considerations.The originality of the survey is multifold.First,as far as we know,there is no such thorough survey covering such a panel of a dozen of existing solutions.Second,it is the first survey addressing Personally Identifiable Information(PII)management for both administrative and private service providers.Third,this paper achieves a functional comparison of solutions of very different technical natures.The outcome of this paper is the clear identification of functional gaps of each solution.As a result,this paper establishes the research directions to follow in order to fill these functional gaps.展开更多
基金financially supported by Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund(Grant No.LBH-Z24057)Outstanding Master’s and Doctoral Thesis of Longjiang in the New Era(Grant No.LJYXL2023-076).
文摘Radiative cooling fabric creates a thermally comfortable environment without energy input,providing a sustainable approach to personal thermal management.However,most currently reported fabrics mainly focus on outdoor cooling,ignoring to achieve simultaneous cooling both indoors and outdoors,thereby weakening the overall cooling performance.Herein,a full-scale structure fabric with selective emission properties is constructed for simultaneous indoor and outdoor cooling.The fabric achieves 94%reflectance performance in the sunlight band(0.3–2.5μm)and 6%in the mid-infrared band(2.5–25μm),effectively minimizing heat absorption and radiation release obstruction.It also demonstrates 81%radiative emission performance in the atmospheric window band(8–13μm)and 25%radiative transmission performance in the mid-infrared band(2.5–25μm),providing 60 and 26 W m−2 net cooling power outdoors and indoors.In practical applications,the fabric achieves excellent indoor and outdoor human cooling,with temperatures 1.4–5.5℃ lower than typical polydimethylsiloxane film.This work proposes a novel design for the advanced radiative cooling fabric,offering significant potential to realize sustainable personal thermal management.
基金supported by Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2024A1515010772)State Key Laboratory of Massive Personalized Customization System and Technology,No.H&C-MPC-2023-02-06(Q)+2 种基金“CUG scholar”Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences,Wuhan(No.CUG2022185)Guangzhou Youth Top Talent ProgramChina College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202410491063).
文摘With the continuously increasing awareness of energy conservation and the intensifying impacts of global warming, Personal Thermal Management (PTM) technologies are increasingly recognized for their potential to ensure human thermal comfort in extreme environments. Biomimetic structures have emerged as a novel source of inspiration for PTM applications. This review systematically summarizes the biomimetic structures, phase change materials, manufacturing methods, and the performance of multifunctional PTM wearables. Firstly, it analyzes the biomimetic structures with thermal regulation and encapsulated phase change material functionalities from different dimensions, highlighting their applications in PTM. Subsequently, it outlines the conventional manufacturing methods incorporating various biomimetic structures, offering strategies for the production of PTM wearables. The review also discusses the typical performance characteristics of multifunctional PTM wearables, addressing the current demands in thermal management. Finally, opportunities and challenges in PTM field are proposed, proposing new directions for future research.
基金support from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(PolyU152052/21E)Green Tech Fund of Hong Kong(Project No.:GTF202220106)+1 种基金Innovation and Technology Fund of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(ITP/018/21TP)PolyU Endowed Young Scholars Scheme(Project No.:84CC).
文摘Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning systems.In recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and skin.The advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and engineering.An emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of regulation.However,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of PRTM.In this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for PRTM.Specifically,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode thermoregulation.Furthermore,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61272521the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grant No.20110005130001
文摘Mobile SNS popular topics of mobile is one of the most Internet. In order to fulfill the user demand for self-maintained independent social network and ensure the privacy of their personal information and resources, the paper proposes system architecture of decentralized mobile SNS.In the temporary scenarios, the system makes use of the existent specification of FOAF （Friend- of-a-Friend） to describe users＇ personal information and act as a certificate to be identified by SNS sites. Ticket-based Access Authorization System （TAAS） is provided to grant permission to acquire resources on personal portal. Meanwhile, the mechanism and algorithm are devised for user profile complete deletion when users are going to quit the service for the temporary scenarios.
基金Dalian Science and Technology Plan Project,No 2022080102.
文摘BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant women.AIM To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant women.METHODS A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control groups.CAT scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference t-test.RESULTS No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk groups.CAT scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,P<0.0001)and 6 months(0.53±0.50 vs 2.45±0.42,P<0.0001)of personalized oral hygiene management intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,P<0.0001)for only the high-risk experimental group.CONCLUSION Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.
文摘On October 18,2017,the 19th National Congress Report called for the implementation of the Healthy China Strategy.The development of biomedical data plays a pivotal role in advancing this strategy.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China has vigorously promoted the integration and implementation of the Healthy China and Digital China strategies.The National Health Commission has prioritized the development of health and medical big data,issuing policies to promote standardized applica-tions and foster innovation in"Internet+Healthcare."Biomedical data has significantly contributed to preci-sion medicine,personalized health management,drug development,disease diagnosis,public health monitor-ing,and epidemic prediction capabilities.
基金the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Grant No.:PolyU 152157/24E)Green Tech Fund(Project No.:GTF202220106)+1 种基金the PolyU Awarding Fund Scheme(Project No.:BBFR)the PolyU Endowed Young Scholars Scheme(Project No.:84CC).
文摘In the era of global climate change,personal thermoregulation has become critical to addressing the growing demands for thermoadaptability,comfort,health,and work efficiency in dynamic environments.Here,we introduce an innovative three-dimensional(3D)self-folding knitted fabric that achieves dual thermal regulation modes through architectural reconfiguration.In the warming mode,the fabric maintains its natural 3D structure,trapping still air with extremely low thermal conductivity to provide high thermal resistance(0.06 m^(2) K W^(−1)),effectively minimizing heat loss.In the cooling mode,the fabric transitions to a 2D flat state via stretching,with titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))and polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)coatings that enhance solar reflectivity(89.5%)and infrared emissivity(93.5%),achieving a cooling effect of 4.3℃under sunlight.The fabric demonstrates exceptional durability and washability,enduring over 1000 folding cycles,and is manufactured using scalable and cost-effective knitting techniques.Beyond thermoregulation,it exhibits excellent breathability,sweat management,and flexibility,ensuring wear comfort and tactile feel under diverse conditions.This study presents an innovative solution for next-generation adaptive textiles,addressing the limitations of static thermal fabrics and advancing personal thermal management with wide applications for wearable technology,extreme environments,and sustainable fashion.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA1307000)The State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82330014)+4 种基金The Key Research and Development Plan of Heilongjiang Province(JD2023sj44)The Natural Science Fund Research Team Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Development of Science and Technology(TD2023H001)The Chinese Society of Cardiology’s Foundation,CSCF2020B01The National Natural Science Foundation of China No.82300430the Outstanding Youth Program of The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(No.2024YQ24).
文摘In recent years,the global prevalence of overweight and obesity has exhibited a sustained upward trajectory.As an independent entity within the spectrum of chronic diseases,obesity serves as a significant pathogenic factor for multiple chronic conditions and ranks as the sixth leading risk factor for mortality and disability nationwide.It poses a severe threat to public health while imposing a considerable socioeconomic burden.The etiology of obesity is multifactorial;however,primary diagnostic modalities and therapeutic approaches remain relatively undiversified,and long-term weight maintenance remains challenging.Similar to other chronic diseases,obesity management demands a long-term multimodal strategy.This strategy must incorporate individualized treatment goals and balance the benefits and risks of different interventions to formulate personalized management plans.These plans aim to reduce body weight through multifaceted interventions,alleviate obesity-related comorbidities,enhance quality of life,and optimize overall health outcomes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61804070)the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA467)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.lzujbky-2023-14 and lzujbky-2022-it30).
文摘In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities have become crucial for human health and safety.In this work,we combine the inherently low infrared emissivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)with the high electrical conductivity and strong solar light absorption properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to achieve a multifunctional wearable fabric.This fabric has a low mid-infrared(MIR)emissivity of 0.33 in the 8-13μm band,thereby demonstrating remarkable infrared stealth properties and a passive radiative heating(PRH)performance of 3.1℃,achieving an ideal covert thermal management effect.Its high electrical conductivity(4204 S·m^(−1))and solar light absorptivity(95.45%)have endowed it with satisfactory photo/electric-heating performance and an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency(EMI SE)of 55 dB.Furthermore,this fabric also exhibits excellent self-cleaning properties,along with wearable characteristics that ordinary functional fabrics should possess,such as flexibility,washing resistance,and abrasion resistance.This work not only obtains a functional fabric with broad application prospects in various scenarios such as daily life and military steal,but also fully demonstrated that the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is expected to become a highly promising functional material in the fields of thermal regulation and camouflage.
文摘Personal thermal management is emerging as a promising strategy to provide thermal comfort for the human body while conserving energy.By improving control over the heat dissipating from the human body,personal thermal management can provide effective personal cooling and warming.Here,we propose a facile surface modification approach to tailor the thermal conduction and radiation properties based on commercially available fabrics,to realize better management of the whole heat transport pathway from the human body to the ambient.A bifunctional asymmetric fabric(BAF)offering both a cooling and a warming effect is demonstrated.Due to the advantages of roughness asymmetry and surface modification,the BAF demonstrates an effective cooling effect through enhanced heat conduction and radiation in the cooling mode;in the warming mode,heat dissipation along both routes is reduced for personal warming.As a result,a 4.6℃ skin temperature difference is measured between the cooling and warming BAF modes,indicating that the thermal comfort zone of the human body can be enlarged with one piece of BAF clothing.We expect this work to present new insights for the design of personal thermal management textiles as well as a novel solution for the facile modification of available fabrics for both personal cooling and warming.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32171693,32201482)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024T170115 and 2021M700736)+1 种基金Postdoctoral Foundation of Heilongjiang(Grant No.LBH-Z21089)Heilongjiang Province Key Research and Development Plan Guidance Project(Grant No.GZ20220045).
文摘Integrating passive radiative cooling techniques with wearable fabrics has gained prominence in addressing global warminginduced energy demands,environmental concerns,and health risks due to their superior and practical personal thermal management capabilities.However,conventional passive radiative fabrics are normally static,thereby failing to dynamically respond to ever-changing and uncontrollable environmental conditions,posing significant challenges to dynamic regulation in personal thermal management.Herein,inspired by the multilayered architecture of the bright silver scales of Curetis Acuta Moore,an electrospun sandwich structure is developed,which integrates passive radiative cooling and latent heat storage,concurrently achieving sub-ambient cooling and efficient thermal shock resistance.The sandwich biodegradable phase-change metafabric(SBPM)is developed that achieves excellent radiative cooling performance with a sub-ambient temperature drop of 6.8°C under sunlight,including ultrahigh solar reflectance(97.2%)and infrared emittance(92.3%).The average temperature rises 1.8°C above the ambient temperature due to the phase-change material releasing latent heat when the temperature is lower than the comfortable temperature of the human body.Furthermore,supported by comprehensive life cycle assessment,this efficient cooling textile demonstrates biodegradability while maintaining a reduced environmental footprint.The temperature-adaptive SBPM enables self-adaptive radiative cooling modulation,establishing a versatile platform for smart multifunctional fabrics that facilitate precision human–climate interaction in real-world scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22308236)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M742530,2024T170623)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(23KJA430012)the National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20230501)the Opening Project of the Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education),Jilin University(KF2023002).
文摘Daytime radiative cooling is an eco-friendly and passive cooling technology that operates without external energy input.Materials designed for this purpose are engineered to possess high reflectivity in the solar spectrum and high emissivity within the atmospheric transmission window.Unlike broadbandemissive daytime radiative cooling materials,spectrally selective daytime radiative cooling(SSDRC)materials exhibit predominant mid-infrared emission in the atmospheric transmission window.This selective mid-infrared emission suppresses thermal radiation absorption beyond the atmospheric transmission window range,thereby improving the net cooling power of daytime radiative cooling.This review elucidates the fundamental characteristics of SSDRC materials,including their molecular structures,micro-and nanostructures,optical properties,and thermodynamic principles.It also provides a comprehensive overview of the design and fabrication of SSDRC materials in three typical forms,i.e.,fibrous materials,membranes,and particle coatings,highlighting their respective cooling mechanisms and performance.Furthermore,the practical applications of SSDRC in personal thermal management,outdoor building cooling,and energy harvesting are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects are discussed to guide researchers in advancing SSDRC materials.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373069 and 52373032)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.CUSF-DH-T-2023045)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232023A-05)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects of Shandong Province(No.2023CXGC010610)the Chang Jiang Scholars Program.
文摘Cotton fiber,as a soft and skin-friendly natural fiber,is gaining increasing attention,but how to realize the ideal cotton fabric for sweat rapid evaporation remains challenging.Herein,for the first time,a personal moisture management cotton electronic textile(PMMC etextile)with a pleated structure and dual-mode triboelectric promoting evaporation is developed.The PMMC e-textile can not only rapidly evaporate sweat in the form of small molecules through electric field polarization,but also stably monitor the movement signal of the human body in the state of sweating.In the two working modes,the water evaporation rate is 0.210 g/h in the triboelectric field generated in the horizontal stretching-recovery mode,and 0.247 g/h in the vertical contact separation mode(1.41 and 1.66 times faster than cotton fabric,respectively).This work exhibits a good fusion of wet comfort textiles and wearable electronics.
基金supported by Outstanding Youth Project of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LR22E030002)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2022C01049)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Key Foundation of China(LZ20E030003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52273095).
文摘Smart textiles with high sensitivity and rapid response for various external stimuli have gained tremendous attentions in human healthcare monitoring,personal heat management,and wearable electronics.However,the current smart textiles only acquire desired signal passively,regularly lacking subsequent on-demand therapy actively.Herein,a robust,breathable,and flexible smart textiles as multi-function sensor and wearable heater for human health monitoring and gentle thermotherapy in real time is constructed.The composite fiber as strain sensor(CFY@PU)was fabricated via warping carbon fiber yarns(CFY)onto polyurethane fibers(PU),which endowed composite fiber with high conductivity,excellent sensitivity(GF=76.2),and fantastic dynamic durability(7500 cycles)in strain sensing.In addition,CFY@PU can detect various degrees of human movements such as elbow bending,swallowing and pulse,which can provide effective information for disease diagnosis.More surprisingly,weaving CFY@PU into a fabric can assemble highly sensitive pressure sensor for remote communication and information encryption.Warping CFY onto Kevlar would obtain temperature-sensitive composite fiber(CFY@Kevlar)as temperature sensor and wearable heater for on-demand thermotherapy,which provided unique opportunities in designing smart textiles with ultrahigh sensitivity,rapid response,and great dynamic durability.
基金support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(21975107)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(SBK2019020945)+2 种基金National First-Class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-21)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX20_1783)China Scholarship Council(202006790096).
文摘A large of energy consumption is required for indoor and outdoor personal heating to ameliorate the comfortable and healthy conditions.Main personal thermal management strategy is to reflect mid-infrared human body radiation for human surface temperature(THS)regulation.We demonstrate a visible Janus light absorbent/reflective air-layer fabric(Janus A/R fabric)that can passively reflect radiative heating meanwhile can actively capture the solar energy.A series of azobenzene derivatives functionalized with alkyl tails are reported to co-harvest the solar and phase-change energy.The THS covered by Janus A/R fabric can be heated up to~3.7°C higher than that covered by air-layer fabric in cold environment(5°C).Besides,integrating the thermo-and photo-chromic properties is capable of monitoring comfort THS and residue energy storage enthalpy,respectively.According to the colour monitors,intermittent irradiation approach is proposed to prolong comfortable-THS holding time for managing energy efficiently.
基金the financial support of the National Nature Science Foundation of China(52173158 and 32171725)Outstanding Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200107)+2 种基金Industrial prospect and key technology competition projects in Jiangsu Province(BE2021081)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX21_0091)Postgraduate Practical Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(SJCX22_0056).
文摘Existing personal thermal regulating fabrics fall short of meeting the demands for sustainable and protective outdoor temperature management.Here,a versatile and comfortable Janus fabric has been developed by embedding boron nitride nanosheets within a porous polyurethane matrix(BNNS@TPU)and introducing Ti3C2Tx MXene into another layer of TPU pores(MXene/TPU).The well-distributed BNNS in porous TPU matrix enhances refractive index difference,increases porosity and optimizes pore size distribution,resulting in an excellent solar reflectivity(R=94.22%),while the distinct distribution of MXene in porous TPU effectively improves solar absorptivity(α=93.57%)and enhances the conduction loss of electromagnetic waves due to multiple scattering and reflection effects.With a simple flip,Janus fabric can switch between sub-ambient cooling of~7.2℃ and super-ambient heating of~46.0℃ to adapt to changing weather and seasonal conditions.The fabric achieves an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of 36 dB,protecting the human body from electromagnetic radiation,attributed to the hierarchical distribution of highly conductive MXene.Furthermore,Janus fabric offers excellent comfort,abrasion resistance,washability,and flame retardancy for practical wear.This study presents an effective strategy for developing personal thermal regulating fabrics with adaptability to environmental changes and resistance to electromagnetic radiation.
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China with grants(71421002,71471064,and 91646205).
文摘In China,cardiovascular disease has become the leading killer in recent years,and mortality from cardiovascular disease is continuing to rapidly increase.Extant medical research has proven that personal health management(prevention,intervention,and recuperation)of chronic diseases,such as cardiovascular diseases,is the best strategy for their prevention and treatment.Currently,the public can obtain health management knowledge through the Internet,newspapers,books,and other channels.However,with the explosive growth of available information,the public is limited to obtain effective health management guidance due to the characteristics of multiple sources,uneven accuracy(even some contradictory knowledge)and a major paucity of personalization,especially for the general public who lack professional medical knowledge.To address these problems,this paper proposes a knowledge base framework(i.e.domain ontology library)of health management programs based on the cardiovascular disease domain,which can standardize knowledge of health management programs both logically and structurally.In order to satisfy the needs of personalized health management,the core ontology of the domain ontology library is health-management-program ontology.In addition to common ontologies(e.g.disease ontology,drug ontology,etc.),basic ontologies include the ontology of individual health characteristics(e.g.individual-healthcharacteristics and environmental-characteristics ontology),and ontologies comprising diet and sport(e.g.ingredients,recipes,physical exercise,etc.).We then construct the ontology library through the professional ontology tool,Protégé.With a case study,we translate a piece of text health management knowledge into instances of an ontology library.At the same time,we present a personalized health management program recommendation algorithm based on the ontology library,and a recommendation case is realized according to this algorithm.As a basic research,the results of this paper can also support other health management applications in the future.
基金supported by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technologythe National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020A-06)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20QA1400500,21130750100,and 22dz1200102)Huo Yingdong Education Foundation(171065)。
文摘People could potentially mitigate heat discomfort when outdoors by combining passive radiative cooling(PRC)strategies with personal thermal management techniques.However,most current PRC materials lack wearing comfort and durability.In this study,a microarray technique is applied to fabricate the tailoring photonic-engineered textiles with intriguing PRC capability and appealing wearability.The developed radiative cooling textiles(RCTs)demonstrate appropriate air-moisture permeability,structural stability,and extended spectroscopic response with high sunlight reflectivity(91.7%)and robust heat emissivity(95.8%)through the atmospheric transparent spectral window(ATSW).In a hot outdoor cooling test,a skin simulator covered by the RCTs displays a temperature drop of approximately 4.4℃at noon compared with cotton textiles.The evolution of our mimetic structures may provide new insights into the generation of wearable,thermal-wet comfortable,and robust textiles for exploring PRC techniques in personal thermal management applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20211240)the International Joint Research Laboratory for Eco-Textile Technology(IJRLETT)at Jiangnan University.
文摘The compelling combination of thermochromism and multifunctional wearable heaters in smart textiles has received increas-ing attention given the significant synergistic effect of green solar heat supply and energy storage.However,due to color incompatibility and poor knittability,developing fabrics with bistable thermochromic properties to achieve efficient solar-thermal management remains a challenging endeavor.Here,by combining bistable thermochromic,photochromic,and efficient solar-thermal properties,we constructed an asymmetric Janus(Janus A/B)fiber(BTCSJF)that can simultaneously display two colors and help with energy reserve while harvesting solar power.Benefiting greatly from donor-acceptor elec-tron transfer,dynamic hydrogen bonding,and supercooling properties,BTCSJF displays a quick switch in color,excellent bistability,and enhanced performance in storing phase-change energy.In addition,BTCSJF can be self-heated by 35.6℃higher than conventional fibers because it can capture and store solar energy.This research outlines a method to fabricate braided fibers with two theoretically incompatible properties that have promising implications for self-powered integrated bistable color-changing and personal thermal management applications.
文摘This paper presents a survey of technologies for personal data self-management interfacing with administrative and territorial public service providers.It classifies a selection of scientific technologies into four categories of solutions:Personal Data Store(PDS),Identity Manager(IdM),Anonymous Certificate System and Access Control Delegation Architecture.Each category,along with its technological approach,is analyzed thanks to 18 identified functional criteria that encompass architectural and communication aspects,as well as user data lifecycle considerations.The originality of the survey is multifold.First,as far as we know,there is no such thorough survey covering such a panel of a dozen of existing solutions.Second,it is the first survey addressing Personally Identifiable Information(PII)management for both administrative and private service providers.Third,this paper achieves a functional comparison of solutions of very different technical natures.The outcome of this paper is the clear identification of functional gaps of each solution.As a result,this paper establishes the research directions to follow in order to fill these functional gaps.
