BACKGROUND Persistent vegetative state(PVS)is a devastating and long-lasting clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality;currently,there are no available effective interventions.CASE SUMMARY We report the cas...BACKGROUND Persistent vegetative state(PVS)is a devastating and long-lasting clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality;currently,there are no available effective interventions.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of an 11-year-old boy with PVS caused by severe intracerebral bleeding in the left hemisphere following anticoagulation treatment.The patient’s PVS severity showed no notable improvement after 2-mo neuroprotective treatment and rehabilitation,including nerve growth factor and baclofen,hyperbaric oxygen,and comprehensive bedside rehabilitation therapies.Daily inhalation treatment(4-6 h)of high-concentration hydrogen(H2)gas(66.6%H2+33.3%O2)was provided.Surprisingly,the patient’s orientation,consciousness,ability to speak,facial expressions,and locomotor function were significantly restored,along with improvements in essential general health status,after H2 gas inhalation treatment,which was consistent with stabilized neuropathology in the left hemisphere and increased Hounsfield unit values of computed tomography in the right hemisphere.The patient finally recovered to a near normal conscious state with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised Score of 22 from his previous score of 3.CONCLUSION Phase 1 clinical trials are needed to explore the safety and efficacy of H2 gas inhalation in patients with PVS.展开更多
We study the theoretical effect of k-cubic （i.e, cubic-in-momentum） Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on the decay time of persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases. We show that the...We study the theoretical effect of k-cubic （i.e, cubic-in-momentum） Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on the decay time of persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases. We show that the decay time of persistent spin helix states may be suppressed substantially by k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling, and after taking the effect of k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction into account, the theoretical results obtained accord both qualitatively and quantitatively with other recent experimental results.展开更多
We study theoretically the effect of weak external magnetic fields on persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases with both Rashba and linear-in-momentum Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplin...We study theoretically the effect of weak external magnetic fields on persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases with both Rashba and linear-in-momentum Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling.We show that in the presence of weak external magnetic fields, some basic properties of a persistent spin helix state,including the dispersion relation between the decay time and the magnitude of the wavevector, the maximum decay time and the value of the characteristic magnitude of the wavevector at which the maximum decay time occurs, will all depend sensitively on the directions of applied external magnetic fields.展开更多
We searched PVS-related literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database,extracted and analyzed the data using the Science Citation Index Extended Edition,and included two types of literature:review and monog...We searched PVS-related literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database,extracted and analyzed the data using the Science Citation Index Extended Edition,and included two types of literature:review and monograph.The search terms were subject=persistent vegetative state and publication year(2001-2021)and language=English.Statistical analysis of literature overview,countries and regions,institutions,authors,literature source publications,literature research direction,citation frequency,impact factor,H-index and keywords,etc.are carried out.Use VOS viewer 1.6.17 software to visually cluster the keywords in the titles and abstracts of the included literature and analyze the research direction and development trend.A total of 772 PVS-related documents published in the core collection database of Web of Science from 2001 to 2021 were included.The country with the largest number of publications was the United States(261 papers,33.80%),and the institution with the largest number of publications was the University of Liège,Belgium(40 papers,5.18%).The author with the largest number of published papers is Laureys S of the University of Liège,Belgium(39 papers,5.05%).The research directions of PVS are mainly neuroscience(350 articles,45.33%),rehabilitation(98 articles,12.69%),and internal medicine(9 articles,11.79%).The literature is mainly from Brain Injury.The annual average impact factor of the top 10 journals in 2020 was 4.55,and their publication volume accounted for 17.35%(134/772)of the total literature.The 772 articles were cited 23,503 times(21,400 self-citations were excluded),with an average of 30.44 citations per article.The H-index of the United States,the United Kingdom and Belgium are 48,27 and 27,which are significantly higher than other countries,and the citation frequencies are 8609,3451 and 3270,accounting for 36.60%,14.68%and 13.90%of the total citations,respectively.China's publication volume is in the middle,but only 8th in citation frequency and H-index(818 citations,H-index 16).We used the VOS viewer software to analyze and found that the keywords were mainly concentrated in four groups:"diagnosis-related","treatment-related","prognosis-related"and"disease-related".From 2001 to 2021,the United States,Italy and the United Kingdom have the largest number of PVS related literature publications.There is still a certain gap between China and western countries in terms of the number and quality of literature publications.展开更多
Objective: persistent vegetative state is a common symptom in patients with cerebral trauma. Effective intervention plays an important role in promoting patients' recovery, and the application effect of stimulant ...Objective: persistent vegetative state is a common symptom in patients with cerebral trauma. Effective intervention plays an important role in promoting patients' recovery, and the application effect of stimulant rehabilitation nursing is analyzed. Methods: Time: 2019.11-2020.11, object: 78 patients with persistent vegetative state after traumatic brain injury. Grouping method: Random method, applying conventional nursing methods to the control group, applying stimulant rehabilitation nursing to the research group, and analyzing the therapeutic effect of the two groups of patients. Results: the effective rate of nursing and the occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. The indexes of the study group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of stimulant rehabilitation nursing to patients with persistent vegetative state after brain injury can promote the relief of vegetative state, avoid the occurrence of various complications such as joint spasm, falling pneumonia, pressure sore, urinary system infection, etc., and promote the early recovery of patients.展开更多
Background:It is a challenge to characterize the consciousness level of patients with severe disturbance of consciousness and predict their prognosis effectively for Chinese doctors.We aimed to investigate the psychom...Background:It is a challenge to characterize the consciousness level of patients with severe disturbance of consciousness and predict their prognosis effectively for Chinese doctors.We aimed to investigate the psychometric property and the diagnostic practicality of severe disturbance of consciousness by Chinese Nanjing persistent vegetative state scale(CNPVSS)which was first set up in 1996 and modified in 2001 and 2011.Methods:The concurrent validity,inter-rater consistency and diagnostic accuracy of CNPVSS and Chinese version of coma recovery scale-revised(CRS-R)were investigated by assessment of 380 patients with severe disorders of consciousness.Results:Total scores of the CNPVSS were correlated significantly with that of the CRS-R,indicating acceptable concurrent validity.Sub-scale analysis showed moderate to high inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability.CNPVSS was superior to CRS-R on the diagnosis sensitivity.The CNPVSS was able to distinguish 65 patients in emergence from minimal consciousness state who were misclassified as in minimal consciousness state(MCS)by the CRS-R,and it could also distinguish two patients in MCS who were misclassified as in vegetative state by the CRS-R.Conclusion:The CNPVSS is an appropriate measurement and is sensitive to distinguish the MCS patients from the VS patients.展开更多
Objective To explore the effects of acupuncture on nutritional status in patients in a persistent vegetative state.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed.A total of 66 patients in a persistent ...Objective To explore the effects of acupuncture on nutritional status in patients in a persistent vegetative state.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed.A total of 66 patients in a persistent vegetative state were randomized into a control group and an observation group,with 33 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment plus enteral nutrition support.The observation group was treated with additional Tiao Shen Jian Pi acupuncture therapy(acupuncture for spirit-regulating and spleen-invigorating)based on the same interventions in the control group.Both groups were treated for 8 weeks.The levels of total protein(TP),prealbumin(PA),albumin(Alb),and hemoglobin(Hb)were measured before and after treatment.The upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii were measured.And the intestinal flora and fecal short-chain fatty acids contents were determined.Results After treatment,the levels of TP,PA,Alb,and Hb in the control group were decreased(P<0.05),while in the observation group,compared with those before treatment,the levels of TP,PA,Alb,and Hb had no statistical differences(P>0.05),and the levels were all higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the values of these two items in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the control group,the contents of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces decreased(P<0.05),and the content of Enterococcus increased(P<0.05).In the observation group,the contents of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces increased(P<0.05),and the content of Enterococcus decreased(P<0.05).The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the control group,the total content of fecal short-chain fatty acids and the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in feces decreased(P<0.05).In the observation group,the total content of fecal short-chain fatty acids and the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in feces increased(P<0.05)and were all higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can improve nutrition-related blood indicators in patients in a persistent vegetative state and delay the decrease of upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii,which may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora and fecal short-chain fatty acids contents.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical criteria for diagnosing diffuse axonal injury (DAI). METHODS: Clinical and computed tomographic features of 117 patients with severe closed head injury were analyzed. The authors pre...OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical criteria for diagnosing diffuse axonal injury (DAI). METHODS: Clinical and computed tomographic features of 117 patients with severe closed head injury were analyzed. The authors preliminarily put forward CT diagnostic criteria of DAI, that is, 1) single or multiple small intraparenchymal hemorrhages in the cerebral hemispheres (展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Persistent vegetative state(PVS)is a devastating and long-lasting clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality;currently,there are no available effective interventions.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of an 11-year-old boy with PVS caused by severe intracerebral bleeding in the left hemisphere following anticoagulation treatment.The patient’s PVS severity showed no notable improvement after 2-mo neuroprotective treatment and rehabilitation,including nerve growth factor and baclofen,hyperbaric oxygen,and comprehensive bedside rehabilitation therapies.Daily inhalation treatment(4-6 h)of high-concentration hydrogen(H2)gas(66.6%H2+33.3%O2)was provided.Surprisingly,the patient’s orientation,consciousness,ability to speak,facial expressions,and locomotor function were significantly restored,along with improvements in essential general health status,after H2 gas inhalation treatment,which was consistent with stabilized neuropathology in the left hemisphere and increased Hounsfield unit values of computed tomography in the right hemisphere.The patient finally recovered to a near normal conscious state with a Coma Recovery Scale-Revised Score of 22 from his previous score of 3.CONCLUSION Phase 1 clinical trials are needed to explore the safety and efficacy of H2 gas inhalation in patients with PVS.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.10874049)
文摘We study the theoretical effect of k-cubic （i.e, cubic-in-momentum） Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling on the decay time of persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases. We show that the decay time of persistent spin helix states may be suppressed substantially by k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling, and after taking the effect of k-cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction into account, the theoretical results obtained accord both qualitatively and quantitatively with other recent experimental results.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10874049
文摘We study theoretically the effect of weak external magnetic fields on persistent spin helix states in semiconductor two-dimensional electron gases with both Rashba and linear-in-momentum Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling.We show that in the presence of weak external magnetic fields, some basic properties of a persistent spin helix state,including the dispersion relation between the decay time and the magnitude of the wavevector, the maximum decay time and the value of the characteristic magnitude of the wavevector at which the maximum decay time occurs, will all depend sensitively on the directions of applied external magnetic fields.
文摘We searched PVS-related literature in the Web of Science Core Collection database,extracted and analyzed the data using the Science Citation Index Extended Edition,and included two types of literature:review and monograph.The search terms were subject=persistent vegetative state and publication year(2001-2021)and language=English.Statistical analysis of literature overview,countries and regions,institutions,authors,literature source publications,literature research direction,citation frequency,impact factor,H-index and keywords,etc.are carried out.Use VOS viewer 1.6.17 software to visually cluster the keywords in the titles and abstracts of the included literature and analyze the research direction and development trend.A total of 772 PVS-related documents published in the core collection database of Web of Science from 2001 to 2021 were included.The country with the largest number of publications was the United States(261 papers,33.80%),and the institution with the largest number of publications was the University of Liège,Belgium(40 papers,5.18%).The author with the largest number of published papers is Laureys S of the University of Liège,Belgium(39 papers,5.05%).The research directions of PVS are mainly neuroscience(350 articles,45.33%),rehabilitation(98 articles,12.69%),and internal medicine(9 articles,11.79%).The literature is mainly from Brain Injury.The annual average impact factor of the top 10 journals in 2020 was 4.55,and their publication volume accounted for 17.35%(134/772)of the total literature.The 772 articles were cited 23,503 times(21,400 self-citations were excluded),with an average of 30.44 citations per article.The H-index of the United States,the United Kingdom and Belgium are 48,27 and 27,which are significantly higher than other countries,and the citation frequencies are 8609,3451 and 3270,accounting for 36.60%,14.68%and 13.90%of the total citations,respectively.China's publication volume is in the middle,but only 8th in citation frequency and H-index(818 citations,H-index 16).We used the VOS viewer software to analyze and found that the keywords were mainly concentrated in four groups:"diagnosis-related","treatment-related","prognosis-related"and"disease-related".From 2001 to 2021,the United States,Italy and the United Kingdom have the largest number of PVS related literature publications.There is still a certain gap between China and western countries in terms of the number and quality of literature publications.
文摘Objective: persistent vegetative state is a common symptom in patients with cerebral trauma. Effective intervention plays an important role in promoting patients' recovery, and the application effect of stimulant rehabilitation nursing is analyzed. Methods: Time: 2019.11-2020.11, object: 78 patients with persistent vegetative state after traumatic brain injury. Grouping method: Random method, applying conventional nursing methods to the control group, applying stimulant rehabilitation nursing to the research group, and analyzing the therapeutic effect of the two groups of patients. Results: the effective rate of nursing and the occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. The indexes of the study group were better than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: the application of stimulant rehabilitation nursing to patients with persistent vegetative state after brain injury can promote the relief of vegetative state, avoid the occurrence of various complications such as joint spasm, falling pneumonia, pressure sore, urinary system infection, etc., and promote the early recovery of patients.
文摘Background:It is a challenge to characterize the consciousness level of patients with severe disturbance of consciousness and predict their prognosis effectively for Chinese doctors.We aimed to investigate the psychometric property and the diagnostic practicality of severe disturbance of consciousness by Chinese Nanjing persistent vegetative state scale(CNPVSS)which was first set up in 1996 and modified in 2001 and 2011.Methods:The concurrent validity,inter-rater consistency and diagnostic accuracy of CNPVSS and Chinese version of coma recovery scale-revised(CRS-R)were investigated by assessment of 380 patients with severe disorders of consciousness.Results:Total scores of the CNPVSS were correlated significantly with that of the CRS-R,indicating acceptable concurrent validity.Sub-scale analysis showed moderate to high inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability.CNPVSS was superior to CRS-R on the diagnosis sensitivity.The CNPVSS was able to distinguish 65 patients in emergence from minimal consciousness state who were misclassified as in minimal consciousness state(MCS)by the CRS-R,and it could also distinguish two patients in MCS who were misclassified as in vegetative state by the CRS-R.Conclusion:The CNPVSS is an appropriate measurement and is sensitive to distinguish the MCS patients from the VS patients.
文摘Objective To explore the effects of acupuncture on nutritional status in patients in a persistent vegetative state.Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was designed.A total of 66 patients in a persistent vegetative state were randomized into a control group and an observation group,with 33 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional treatment plus enteral nutrition support.The observation group was treated with additional Tiao Shen Jian Pi acupuncture therapy(acupuncture for spirit-regulating and spleen-invigorating)based on the same interventions in the control group.Both groups were treated for 8 weeks.The levels of total protein(TP),prealbumin(PA),albumin(Alb),and hemoglobin(Hb)were measured before and after treatment.The upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii were measured.And the intestinal flora and fecal short-chain fatty acids contents were determined.Results After treatment,the levels of TP,PA,Alb,and Hb in the control group were decreased(P<0.05),while in the observation group,compared with those before treatment,the levels of TP,PA,Alb,and Hb had no statistical differences(P>0.05),and the levels were all higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the values of these two items in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).In the control group,the contents of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces decreased(P<0.05),and the content of Enterococcus increased(P<0.05).In the observation group,the contents of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in feces increased(P<0.05),and the content of Enterococcus decreased(P<0.05).The differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).In the control group,the total content of fecal short-chain fatty acids and the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in feces decreased(P<0.05).In the observation group,the total content of fecal short-chain fatty acids and the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in feces increased(P<0.05)and were all higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture can improve nutrition-related blood indicators in patients in a persistent vegetative state and delay the decrease of upper arm circumference and skinfold thickness of triceps brachii,which may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora and fecal short-chain fatty acids contents.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To discuss the clinical criteria for diagnosing diffuse axonal injury (DAI). METHODS: Clinical and computed tomographic features of 117 patients with severe closed head injury were analyzed. The authors preliminarily put forward CT diagnostic criteria of DAI, that is, 1) single or multiple small intraparenchymal hemorrhages in the cerebral hemispheres (
