The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these s...The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these shortcomings.However,its efficacy against PWD remains uncertain.This study evaluated the translocation of fluopyram dust within tree tissues,soil and water degradation,and its effective control against PWD.Nursery tests showed effective prevention;field tests showed dust absorption and translocation into pine tissues.Thirty days following application,residual concentrations in soil were low at 0.09 mg kg^(−1);no detectable residues were found in water samples.Three years after applying fluopyram,its effectiveness increased to approximately 87%.Based on this study,fluopyram had a half-life of 346 d with persistence lasting up to three years.This provides valuable insight for managing PWD through dust applications.展开更多
Objective To study the key technologies in the field of ginsenosides and to offer a guide for the future development ginsenosides through the main path identification method based on genetic knowledge persistence algo...Objective To study the key technologies in the field of ginsenosides and to offer a guide for the future development ginsenosides through the main path identification method based on genetic knowledge persistence algorithm(GKPA).Methods The global ginsenoside invention authorized patents were used as the data source to construct a ginsenoside patent self-citation network,and to identify high knowledge persistent patents(HKPP)of ginsenoside technology based on the GKPA,and extract its high knowledge persistence main path(HKPMP).Finally,the genetic forward and backward path(GFBP)was used to search the nodes on the main path,and draw the genetic forward and backward main path(GFBMP)of ginsenoside technology.Results and Conclusion The algorithm was applied to the field of ginsenosides.The research results show the milestone patents in ginsenosides technology and the main evolution process of three key technologies,which points out the future direction for the technological development of ginsenosides.The results obtained by this algorithm are more interpretable,comprehensive and scientific.展开更多
We present a grid-growth method to reconstruct 3D rock joints with arbitrary joint roughness and persistence.In the first step of this workflow,the joint model is divided into uniform grids.Then by adjusting the posit...We present a grid-growth method to reconstruct 3D rock joints with arbitrary joint roughness and persistence.In the first step of this workflow,the joint model is divided into uniform grids.Then by adjusting the positions of the grids,the joint morphology can be modified to construct models with desired joint roughness and persistence.Accordingly,numerous joint models with different joint roughness and persistence were built.The effects of relevant parameters(such as the number,height,slope of asperities,and the number,area of rock bridges)on the joint roughness coefficient(JRC)and joint persistence were investigated.Finally,an artificially split joint was reconstructed using the method,and the method's accuracy was evaluated by comparing the JRC of the models with that of the artificially split joint.The results showed that the proposed method can effectively control the JRC of joint models by adjusting the number,height,and slope of asperities.The method can also modify the joint persistence of joint models by adjusting the number and area of rock bridges.Additionally,the JRC of models obtained by our method agrees with that of the artificially split surface.Overall,the method demonstrated high accuracy for 3D rock joint reconstruction.展开更多
The use of constructed wetlands(CWs)is one of the best options to treat wastewater.In CWs,microorganisms play a major role in the degradation of organic pollutants but the concentration of nutrients,surfactant,and aer...The use of constructed wetlands(CWs)is one of the best options to treat wastewater.In CWs,microorganisms play a major role in the degradation of organic pollutants but the concentration of nutrients,surfactant,and aeration(NSA)in oil-contaminated water is one of the factors that affect the persistence and metabolic functioning of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms.In the present investigation,the influence of the addition of NSA on the persistence of the augmented bacteria,copy of(alkane hydroxylase gene)alkB gene,and its expression level in the water,soil,and plants of CWs were evaluated.The CWs mesocosms were developed by the vegetation of Typha latifolia and Cyperus laevigatus and inoculated with the bacterial consortium(Pseudomonas putida TYRI39,Acinetobacter junii TYRH47,Acinetobacter sp.CYRH17,Pseudomonas sp.CYSI27,and Pseudomonas sp.TYRH42).The mesocosms were provided with nutrients(20 mg l−1 N,2.6 mg l−1 P,and 16.4 mg l−1 K)in liquid form,surfactant Tween-20(0.2%,v/v)in liquid form,and aeration(≥7.0±1 mg l−1 DO)using aeration pump.The addition of NSA in CWs enhanced the persistence and metabolic functioning of the inoculated bacteria in the water,rhizospheric soil,and plants.The maximum hydrocarbon removal(97%)was observed in the water treated by CWs having C.laevigatus,bacteria,and NSA,and it is correlated with the copy numbers of alkB and its expression level.The application of NSA in CWs not only improved bacterial persistence and catabolic gene expression but also increased plant development and hydrocarbon removal.展开更多
This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model sh...This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.展开更多
In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or ext...In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.展开更多
Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is gov...Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is governed by the flux properties and effective stress at that plane.At the failure plane,the pore water pressure was higher than the effective stress,and the volume change was the highest.The pore water pressure is a function of the soil profile features(particularly the phreatic zone width)and bedrock motion(horizontal acceleration).The volume change at the failure plane is a function of the intrinsic permeability of the soil and bedrock displacement.The failure plane was predicted to occur during the oscillation with the highest amplitude,disregarding further bedrock motion,which was consistent with low seismic energy densities.Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the persistence of soil liquefaction.The first is the existence of low-permeability layers in the depth range in which the failure planes are predicted to occur.The other allows for the persistence and development of soil liquefaction;it is consistent with homogeneous soils and requires water inflow from bedrock water springs.The latter explains many of the features of soil liquefaction observed during earthquakes,namely,surficial effects,“instant”liquefaction,and the occurrence of short-and long-term changes in the level of the phreatic surfaces.This model(hypothesis),the relationship between the flux characteristics and loss of soil shear strength,provides self-consistent constraints on the depth below the phreatic surfaces where the failure planes are observed(expected to occur).It requires further experimental and observational evidence.Similar reasoning can be used to explain other saturated soil phenomena.展开更多
Acinetobacter baumannii(A.baumannii)is well known for its virulence and persistence,particularly in intensive care units.Therefore,new strategies and candidates to treat A.baumannii infection are urgently needed consi...Acinetobacter baumannii(A.baumannii)is well known for its virulence and persistence,particularly in intensive care units.Therefore,new strategies and candidates to treat A.baumannii infection are urgently needed considering the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.Polyphosphate kinase 1(PPK1)is required for bacterial survival as it is involved in maintaining antibiotic resistance or tolerance,pathogenesis,and adversity resistance.Multiple phenotypic assays related to virulence and persistence were performed in this study,and phloretin was shown to attenuate A.baumannii virulence and persistence by inhibiting PPK1 activity.Phloretin hampered mobility,interfered with biofilm formation and decreased resistance to ampicillin,heat,and hydrogen peroxide stress in A.baumannii.The therapeutic effect was also examined in a mouse pneumonia infection model.Molecular simulation and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that ARG-22,MET-622,ASN-57,and ARG-65 were the sites of phloretin action against PPK1.Phloretin treatment led to changes in metabolic pathways associated with A.baumannii virulence and persistence,including glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis.Furthermore,phloretin alleviated pneumonic injury in a mouse pneumonia infection model in vivo,indicating that phloretin is a promising compound for preventing A.baumannii infection resistance by targeting PPK1.展开更多
Fecal coliform bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the main sources of groundwater pollution. An assessment of the transport and Persistence of E. coli in poultry litter amended Decatur silty Clay s...Fecal coliform bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the main sources of groundwater pollution. An assessment of the transport and Persistence of E. coli in poultry litter amended Decatur silty Clay soil and Hartsells Sandy soil was conducted using soil columns and simulated groundwater leaching. Enumeration of initial E. coli was determined to range from 2.851 × 10<sup>3</sup> to 3.044 × 10<sup>3</sup> CFU per gram of soil. These results have been used in a batch study to determine the persistence rate of E. coli in Decatur silty Clay soil and Hartsells Sandy soil. Results prove that E. coli survival growth rate increases for clay soil later than and at a higher rate than sandy soil. The column study has determined that E. coli was transported at a rate of 3.7 × 10<sup>6</sup><sup> </sup>CFU for Decatur silty loam and 6.3 × 10<sup>6</sup><sup> </sup>CFU for Hartsells sandy per gram of soil. Further, linear regression analysis predictions show higher porosity and soil moisture content affect transport, and Hartsells sandy soil has higher transport of E. coli due to its higher porosity and lower volumetric water content.展开更多
In order to study the influence of stochastic disturbance and environment switching on the HPV infection and provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective HPV disease prevention measures,in this paper w...In order to study the influence of stochastic disturbance and environment switching on the HPV infection and provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective HPV disease prevention measures,in this paper we establish a kind of two-sex stochastic HPV epidemic model with white noise and Markov switching.We show that the model has a unique local positive solution and a unique global positive solution.Then we identify the threshold conditions for the persistence of the HPV epidemic,and verify the persistence of the disease using the Lyapunov method and the Ito^formula.At last,the numerical simulation is carried out to illustrate the rationality of the theoretical results.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(grant number 2021YFD1400900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers U1905201,32171805)+6 种基金the Forestry Key Program of Science and Technology in Fujian Province(grant number 2021FKJ03)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(grant number 2021J01056)the Forestry Programs of Science and Technology in Fujian Province[grant number Mincaizhi(2020)601]the Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province(grant number 2018N5002)the Forestry Science Research Project of Fujian Forestry Department[grant number Minlinke(2017)03]the National Major Emergency Science and Technology Program of China(grant number ZD202001)the Forestry Peak Discipline Construction Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(grant numbers 72202200205,71201800720).
文摘The effectiveness of fluopyram suspension concentrate against pine wilt disease(PWD)is limited by spraying efficiency and water dependence.A traditional dust formulation with strong dispersibility can overcome these shortcomings.However,its efficacy against PWD remains uncertain.This study evaluated the translocation of fluopyram dust within tree tissues,soil and water degradation,and its effective control against PWD.Nursery tests showed effective prevention;field tests showed dust absorption and translocation into pine tissues.Thirty days following application,residual concentrations in soil were low at 0.09 mg kg^(−1);no detectable residues were found in water samples.Three years after applying fluopyram,its effectiveness increased to approximately 87%.Based on this study,fluopyram had a half-life of 346 d with persistence lasting up to three years.This provides valuable insight for managing PWD through dust applications.
文摘Objective To study the key technologies in the field of ginsenosides and to offer a guide for the future development ginsenosides through the main path identification method based on genetic knowledge persistence algorithm(GKPA).Methods The global ginsenoside invention authorized patents were used as the data source to construct a ginsenoside patent self-citation network,and to identify high knowledge persistent patents(HKPP)of ginsenoside technology based on the GKPA,and extract its high knowledge persistence main path(HKPMP).Finally,the genetic forward and backward path(GFBP)was used to search the nodes on the main path,and draw the genetic forward and backward main path(GFBMP)of ginsenoside technology.Results and Conclusion The algorithm was applied to the field of ginsenosides.The research results show the milestone patents in ginsenosides technology and the main evolution process of three key technologies,which points out the future direction for the technological development of ginsenosides.The results obtained by this algorithm are more interpretable,comprehensive and scientific.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12172019 and 42477210).
文摘We present a grid-growth method to reconstruct 3D rock joints with arbitrary joint roughness and persistence.In the first step of this workflow,the joint model is divided into uniform grids.Then by adjusting the positions of the grids,the joint morphology can be modified to construct models with desired joint roughness and persistence.Accordingly,numerous joint models with different joint roughness and persistence were built.The effects of relevant parameters(such as the number,height,slope of asperities,and the number,area of rock bridges)on the joint roughness coefficient(JRC)and joint persistence were investigated.Finally,an artificially split joint was reconstructed using the method,and the method's accuracy was evaluated by comparing the JRC of the models with that of the artificially split joint.The results showed that the proposed method can effectively control the JRC of joint models by adjusting the number,height,and slope of asperities.The method can also modify the joint persistence of joint models by adjusting the number and area of rock bridges.Additionally,the JRC of models obtained by our method agrees with that of the artificially split surface.Overall,the method demonstrated high accuracy for 3D rock joint reconstruction.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project number(RSP2024R437)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi ArabiaThe authors are thankful to the Higher Education Commission(HEC)for the grant of IRSIP Fellowship to the lead author for research at Aarhus University Denmark and ALP Pakistan Agriculture Research Council(PARC)grant No.NR-086.
文摘The use of constructed wetlands(CWs)is one of the best options to treat wastewater.In CWs,microorganisms play a major role in the degradation of organic pollutants but the concentration of nutrients,surfactant,and aeration(NSA)in oil-contaminated water is one of the factors that affect the persistence and metabolic functioning of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms.In the present investigation,the influence of the addition of NSA on the persistence of the augmented bacteria,copy of(alkane hydroxylase gene)alkB gene,and its expression level in the water,soil,and plants of CWs were evaluated.The CWs mesocosms were developed by the vegetation of Typha latifolia and Cyperus laevigatus and inoculated with the bacterial consortium(Pseudomonas putida TYRI39,Acinetobacter junii TYRH47,Acinetobacter sp.CYRH17,Pseudomonas sp.CYSI27,and Pseudomonas sp.TYRH42).The mesocosms were provided with nutrients(20 mg l−1 N,2.6 mg l−1 P,and 16.4 mg l−1 K)in liquid form,surfactant Tween-20(0.2%,v/v)in liquid form,and aeration(≥7.0±1 mg l−1 DO)using aeration pump.The addition of NSA in CWs enhanced the persistence and metabolic functioning of the inoculated bacteria in the water,rhizospheric soil,and plants.The maximum hydrocarbon removal(97%)was observed in the water treated by CWs having C.laevigatus,bacteria,and NSA,and it is correlated with the copy numbers of alkB and its expression level.The application of NSA in CWs not only improved bacterial persistence and catabolic gene expression but also increased plant development and hydrocarbon removal.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (mechanism for disaster-causing Northeast cold vortex and key technologies for its forecast, Grant No.2023YFC3007700)。
文摘This study investigates the relationship between the persistence and the zonal scale of atmospheric dipolar modes(DMs). Results from the daily data of ERA5 and the long-term output of an idealized atmospheric model show that the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale dipolar structure possess a longer(shorter) persistence. A detailed vorticity budget analysis indicates that the persistence of a hemispheric-scale DM(1/1 DM) and a regional or sectoral DM(1/8 DM) in the model both largely rely on the persistence of the nonlinear eddy forcing. Linear terms can indirectly reduce the persistence of the anomalous nonlinear eddy forcing in a 1/8 DM by modifying the baroclinicity via the arousal of anomalous vertical motions. Therefore, the atmospheric DMs with a broader(narrower) zonal scale possess a longer(shorter) persistence because the effects of the linear terms are less(more) pronounced when the atmospheric DMs have better(worse) zonal symmetry. Further analyses show that the positive eddy feedback effect is weak or even absent in a 1/8DM and the high-frequency eddy forcing acts more like a concomitant phenomenon rather than a leading driving factor for a 1/8 DM. Thus, the hemispheric-scale DM and the regional or sectoral DMs are different, not only in their persistence but also in their dynamics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12171039,12271044)。
文摘In this paper,we mainly study the propagation properties of a nonlocal dispersal predator-prey system in a shifting environment.It is known that Choi et al.[J Differ Equ,2021,302:807-853]studied the persistence or extinction of the prey and of the predator separately in various moving frames.In particular,they achieved a complete picture in the local diffusion case.However,the question of the persistence of the prey and of the predator in some intermediate moving frames in the nonlocal diffusion case was left open in Choi et al.'s paper.By using some a prior estimates,the Arzelà-Ascoli theorem and a diagonal extraction process,we can extend and improve the main results of Choi et al.to achieve a complete picture in the nonlocal diffusion case.
文摘Mechanisms have been proposed to explain the triggering,development,and persistence of soil liquefaction.The mechanism explaining the horizontal failure plane(triggering)and its depth below the phreatic surface is governed by the flux properties and effective stress at that plane.At the failure plane,the pore water pressure was higher than the effective stress,and the volume change was the highest.The pore water pressure is a function of the soil profile features(particularly the phreatic zone width)and bedrock motion(horizontal acceleration).The volume change at the failure plane is a function of the intrinsic permeability of the soil and bedrock displacement.The failure plane was predicted to occur during the oscillation with the highest amplitude,disregarding further bedrock motion,which was consistent with low seismic energy densities.Two mechanisms were proposed to explain the persistence of soil liquefaction.The first is the existence of low-permeability layers in the depth range in which the failure planes are predicted to occur.The other allows for the persistence and development of soil liquefaction;it is consistent with homogeneous soils and requires water inflow from bedrock water springs.The latter explains many of the features of soil liquefaction observed during earthquakes,namely,surficial effects,“instant”liquefaction,and the occurrence of short-and long-term changes in the level of the phreatic surfaces.This model(hypothesis),the relationship between the flux characteristics and loss of soil shear strength,provides self-consistent constraints on the depth below the phreatic surfaces where the failure planes are observed(expected to occur).It requires further experimental and observational evidence.Similar reasoning can be used to explain other saturated soil phenomena.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20242 and U22A20523)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant 2023JCXK-01。
文摘Acinetobacter baumannii(A.baumannii)is well known for its virulence and persistence,particularly in intensive care units.Therefore,new strategies and candidates to treat A.baumannii infection are urgently needed considering the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.Polyphosphate kinase 1(PPK1)is required for bacterial survival as it is involved in maintaining antibiotic resistance or tolerance,pathogenesis,and adversity resistance.Multiple phenotypic assays related to virulence and persistence were performed in this study,and phloretin was shown to attenuate A.baumannii virulence and persistence by inhibiting PPK1 activity.Phloretin hampered mobility,interfered with biofilm formation and decreased resistance to ampicillin,heat,and hydrogen peroxide stress in A.baumannii.The therapeutic effect was also examined in a mouse pneumonia infection model.Molecular simulation and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that ARG-22,MET-622,ASN-57,and ARG-65 were the sites of phloretin action against PPK1.Phloretin treatment led to changes in metabolic pathways associated with A.baumannii virulence and persistence,including glycerophospholipid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis.Furthermore,phloretin alleviated pneumonic injury in a mouse pneumonia infection model in vivo,indicating that phloretin is a promising compound for preventing A.baumannii infection resistance by targeting PPK1.
文摘Fecal coliform bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) are one of the main sources of groundwater pollution. An assessment of the transport and Persistence of E. coli in poultry litter amended Decatur silty Clay soil and Hartsells Sandy soil was conducted using soil columns and simulated groundwater leaching. Enumeration of initial E. coli was determined to range from 2.851 × 10<sup>3</sup> to 3.044 × 10<sup>3</sup> CFU per gram of soil. These results have been used in a batch study to determine the persistence rate of E. coli in Decatur silty Clay soil and Hartsells Sandy soil. Results prove that E. coli survival growth rate increases for clay soil later than and at a higher rate than sandy soil. The column study has determined that E. coli was transported at a rate of 3.7 × 10<sup>6</sup><sup> </sup>CFU for Decatur silty loam and 6.3 × 10<sup>6</sup><sup> </sup>CFU for Hartsells sandy per gram of soil. Further, linear regression analysis predictions show higher porosity and soil moisture content affect transport, and Hartsells sandy soil has higher transport of E. coli due to its higher porosity and lower volumetric water content.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project of Tianjin Municipal Educational Commission(No.2021KJ058)。
文摘In order to study the influence of stochastic disturbance and environment switching on the HPV infection and provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective HPV disease prevention measures,in this paper we establish a kind of two-sex stochastic HPV epidemic model with white noise and Markov switching.We show that the model has a unique local positive solution and a unique global positive solution.Then we identify the threshold conditions for the persistence of the HPV epidemic,and verify the persistence of the disease using the Lyapunov method and the Ito^formula.At last,the numerical simulation is carried out to illustrate the rationality of the theoretical results.
