This study was designed to investigate the different involvements of prostatic stromal cells from the normal transitional zone(TZ)or peripheral zone(PZ)in the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer(PCa)epithelial cells(PC-...This study was designed to investigate the different involvements of prostatic stromal cells from the normal transitional zone(TZ)or peripheral zone(PZ)in the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer(PCa)epithelial cells(PC-3)in vitro and in vivo co-culture models.Ultra-structures and gene expression profiles of primary cultures of human prostatic stromal cells from the normal TZ or PZ were analyzed by electron microscopy and microarray analysis.In vitro and in vivo co-culture models composed of normal TZ or PZ stromal cells and human PCa PC-3 cells were established.We assessed tumor growth and weight in the in vivo nude mice model.There are morphological and ultra-structural differences in stromal cells from TZ and PZ of the normal prostate.In all,514 differentially expressed genes were selected by microarray analysis;483 genes were more highly expressed in stromal cells from TZ and 31 were more highly expressed in those from PZ.Co-culture with PZ stromal cells and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)increased the tumor growth of PC-3 cells in vitro and in vivo,as well as Bcl-2 expression.On the other hand,stromal cells of TZ suppressed PC-3 cell tumor growth in the mouse model.We conclude that ultra-structures and gene expression differ between the stromal cells from TZ or PZ of the normal prostate,and stroma-epithelium interactions from TZ or PZ might be responsible for the distinct zonal localization of prostate tumor formation.展开更多
This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PIRADS)and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone(aPSADPZ)for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer(PCa)and c...This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PIRADS)and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone(aPSADPZ)for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer(PCa)and clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa).The demographic and clinical characteristics of 853 patients were recorded.Prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA density(PSAD),PSAD of peripheral zone(PSADPZ),aPSADPZ,and peripheral zone volume ratio(PZ-ratio)were calculated and subjected to receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.The calibration and discrimination abilities of new nomograms were verified with the calibration curve and area under the ROC curve(AUC).The clinical benefits of these models were evaluated by decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves.The AUCs of PSA,PSAD,PSADPZ,aPSADPZ,and PZ-ratio were 0.669,0.762,0.659,0.812,and 0.748 for PCa diagnosis,while 0.713,0.788,0.694,0.828,and 0.735 for csPCa diagnosis,respectively.All nomograms displayed higher net benefit and better overall calibration than the scenarios for predicting the occurrence of PCa or csPCa.The new model significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of PCa(0.945 vs 0.830,P<0.01)and csPCa(0.937 vs 0.845,P<0.01)compared with the base model.In addition,the number of patients with PCa and csPCa predicted by the new model was in good agreement with the actual number of patients with PCa and csPCa in high-risk threshold.This study demonstrates that aPSADPZ has a higher predictive accuracy for PCa diagnosis than the conventional indicators.Combining aPSADPZ with PIRADS can improve PCa diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies.展开更多
To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer(PCa)and reduce unnecessary biopsies,we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen(PSA)density(PZ-PSAD).Patients ...To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer(PCa)and reduce unnecessary biopsies,we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen(PSA)density(PZ-PSAD).Patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsies in Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai,China)between January 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively identified(n=529).Another group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(n=100)were randomly preselected to obtain the PSA density of the non-PCa cohort(N-PSAD).Prostate volumes and transition zone volumes were measured using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI)and were combined with PSA and N-PSAD to obtain the PZ-PSAD from a specific algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to assess the PCa detection efficiency in patients stratified by PSA level,and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)of PZ-PSAD was higher than that of PSA,PSA density(PSAD),and transition zone PSA density(TZ-PSAD).PZ-PSAD could amend the diagnosis for more than half of the patients with inaccurate transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)and mpMRI results.When TRUS and mpMRI findings were ambiguous to predict PCa(PIRADS score≤3),PZ-PSAD could increase the positive rate of biopsy from 21.7%to 54.7%,and help 63.8%(150/235)of patients avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy.In patients whose PSA was 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1),10.1–20.0 ng ml^(−1),and>20.0 ng ml^(−1),the ideal PZ-PSAD cut-off value for predicting clinically significant PCa was 0.019 ng ml^(−2),0.297 ng ml^(−2),and 1.180 ng ml^(−2),respectively(sensitivity>90%).Compared with PSA,PSAD,and TZ-PSAD,the efficiency of PZ-PSAD for predicting PCa is the highest,leading to fewer missed diagnoses and unnecessary biopsies.展开更多
The structural diversity of different tree-crop associations were studied at Gachabari Sal forest area of Madhupur Garh on Buffer and Peripheral Zone during 2006. The total density, basal area of trees in the Buffer a...The structural diversity of different tree-crop associations were studied at Gachabari Sal forest area of Madhupur Garh on Buffer and Peripheral Zone during 2006. The total density, basal area of trees in the Buffer and Peripheral Zone were 155.5 trees·hm^(-2), 795.4 trees·hm^(-2) and 3.9 m2·hm-2, 5.8 m^2·hm^(-2), respectively. No regeneration and natural trees were found in Peripheral Zone and the Zone is totally occupied by exotic species where the Buffer Zone comprised of both natural and exotic trees. The Peripheral Zone belonged to younger and smaller trees whereas the Buffer Zone belonged to mixture of smaller, taller, younger and mature trees simultaneously. For the practicing of different agroforestry systems both Zones have lost their original characters of Sal forest.展开更多
The original version of this article unfortunately contained three mistakes. （1） The spelling of the [A. Nishad＇] name was incorrect. The corrected spelling is given below.
Prostate cancer （PCa） is an age-related disease, and the stromal microenvironment plays an important role in prostatic malignant progression. However, the differences in prostate stromal cells present in young and o...Prostate cancer （PCa） is an age-related disease, and the stromal microenvironment plays an important role in prostatic malignant progression. However, the differences in prostate stromal cells present in young and old tissue are still obscure. We established primary cultured stromal cells from normal prostatic peripheral zone （PZ） of donors of varying ages and found that cultured stromal cells from old donors （PZ-old） were more enlarged and polygonal than those from young donors （PZ-young）. Furthermore, based on immunocytochemical and ultrastructural analysis, the components of stromal cells changed from a majority of fibroblasts to a mixture of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with increasing donor age. Using a three-dimensional in vitro culture system, we found that PZ-old stromal cells could enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of cocultured benign BPH-1 and PC-3 cells. Using an in vivo tissue recombination system, we also found that PZ-old stromal cells are more effective than PZ-young cells in promoting tumour formation by BPH-1 cells of high passage（〉100） and PC-3 cells. To probe the possible mechanism of these effects, we performed cDNA microarray analysis and profiled 509 upregulated genes and 188 downregulated genes in PZ-old cells. Among the changed genes, we found genes coding for a subset of paracrine factors that are capable of influencing adjacent epithelial cells; these include hepatocyte growth factor （HGF）, fibroblast growth factor 5 （FGF5）, insulin-like growth factor 2 （IGF2）, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 （IGFBP4）, IGFBP5 and matrix metallopeptidase 1 （MMP1）. Changes in the expression of these genes were further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Overall, our findings indicate that stromal cells from prostate PZ of old donors are more active than similar cells from young donors in promoting the malignant process of adjacent epithelial cells. This finding hints at a new potential strategy for the prevention of PCa.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the relationship between the location of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).METHODS We evaluated 115 patients(127 nodules), excluding recurrent nodu...AIM To evaluate the relationship between the location of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).METHODS We evaluated 115 patients(127 nodules), excluding recurrent nodules, treated with TACE between January 2011 and June 2014. TACE efficacy was evaluated according to m RECIST. The HCC location coefficient was calculated as the distance from the central portal portion to the HCC center(mm)/liver diameter(mm) on multiplanar reconstruction images rendered(MPR) to visualize bifurcation of the right and left branches of the portal vein and HCC center. The HCC location coefficient was compared between complete response(CR) and non-CR groups in Child-Pugh grade A and B patients.RESULTS The median location coefficient of HCC among all nodules, the right lobe, and the medial segment was significantly higher in the CR group than in the non-CR group in the Child-Pugh grade A patients(0.82 vs 0.62, P < 0.001; 0.71 vs 0.59, P < 0.01; 0.81 vs 0.49, P < 0.05, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in the median location coefficient of the HCC in the lateral segment between in the CR and in the non-CR groups(0.67 vs 0.65, P > 0.05). On the other hand, in the Child-Pugh grade B patients, the HCC median location coefficient in each lobe and segment was not significantly different between in the CR and in the non-CR groups.CONCLUSION Improved TACE efficacy may be obtained for HCC in the peripheral zone of the right lobe and the medial segment in Child-Pugh grade A patients.展开更多
We conducted the present study to assess the correlation of the prostatic anatomical parameters,especially the ratio of peripheral zone thickness and transitional zone thickness,with clinical and uroflowmetry characte...We conducted the present study to assess the correlation of the prostatic anatomical parameters,especially the ratio of peripheral zone thickness and transitional zone thickness,with clinical and uroflowmetry characteristics suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH).A total of 468 consecutive patients with a detailed medical history were identified.All patients were evaluated by scoring subjective symptoms with the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)and quality of life(QoL).The prostatic anatomical parameters were measured using transrectal ultrasonography,and postvoid residual urine and maximum flow rate(Q_(max))values were also determined.Pearsonfs correlation analysis revealed that both total prostate volume(TPV;r=0.160,P<0.001)and transitional zone volume(TZV;r=0.104,P=0.016)increased with patients7 age;however,no correlations were observed of TPV,TZV,transitional zone index(TZI),and transitional zone thickness(TZT)with IPSS or QoL(all P>0.05).Peripheral to transitional zone index(PTI)was found negatively correlated with total IPSS(r=-0.113,P=0.024),storage IPSS(r=-0.103,P=0.041),and voiding IPSS(r=-0.123,P-0.014).As regards the uroflowmetry characteristics,PTI(r=0.157,P=0.007)was indicated to be positively correlated with Q_(max)and negatively correlated with TZI(r=-0.119,P=0.042)and TZT(r=-0.118,P=0.045),but not correlated with TPV,TZV,or peripheral zone thickness(PZT)(all P>0.05).Postvoid residual urine(PVR)had not correlated with all the prostatic anatomical variables(all P>0.05).This is the first study that formally proposed the concept of PTI,which is an easy-to-measure prostate anatomical parameter which significantly correlates with total IPSS,storage IPSS,voiding IPSS,and Q_(max),suggesting that PTI would be useful in evaluating and managing men with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)/BPH.However,well-designed studies are mandatory to verify the clinical utility of PTI.展开更多
AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 20...AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 2021.They were fitted with Ortho-K lenses for the first time due to refractive error,with a one-year follow-up period.To indicate the peripheral plus ring zone overlapping with the pupil zone(PPROPZ)accompanying PPRZ,participants were divided based on the PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio.The experimental group had 103 eyes with a PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio of≥0.2,and the control group had 103 eyes with a ratio of<0.2.Participants had a spherical diopter in the range of-6.00 D to-0.75 D,against-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.00 D,with-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.50 D,and corneal curvatures of 39.00 D to 46.00 D.They had a stable best corrected visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR(20/25)or better when wearing orthokeratology(Ortho-K)lenses.PPRZ and PPROPZ were measured using ImageJ;corneal topography assessed corneal-related parameters,and an optical biometer measured the axial length of the eyes pre and post-one years of lens wear.RESULTS:Changes in axial length elongation were found to decrease when either the PPRZ(P<0.01)or PPROPZ(P<0.001)was increased significantly.The axial length growth was faster in the control group(0.37±0.2 mm)than in the experimental group(0.21±0.11 mm).Furthermore,we found that a larger horizontal visible iris diameter(HVID)corresponded to slower axial growth of the eye.In contrast,axial length growth showed no correlation with surface regularity index(SRI),surface asymmetry index(SAI),flat keratometry value(K_(f)),steep keratometry value(K_(s)).CONCLUSION:For orthokeratology,wearers with larger PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio usually experiences a reduction in axial length growth.The PPRZ and PPROPZ are negatively correlated with the axial length.Our findings provide a recommendation and methods for studying the myopia control mechanism through Ortho-K lenses.展开更多
We investigated the effects of ipsilateral versus bilateral limb-training on promotion of endogenous neural stem cells in the peripheral infarct zone and the corresponding cerebral region in the unaffected hemisphere ...We investigated the effects of ipsilateral versus bilateral limb-training on promotion of endogenous neural stem cells in the peripheral infarct zone and the corresponding cerebral region in the unaffected hemisphere of rats with cerebral infarction. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in Wistar rats. The rat forelimb on the unaffected side was either wrapped up with tape to force the use of the paretic forelimb in rats or not braked to allow bilateral forelimbs to participate in training. Daily training consisted of mesh drum training, balance beam training, and stick rolling training for a total of 40 minutes, once per day. Control rats received no training. At 14 days after functional training, rats receiving bilateral limb-training exhibited milder neurological impairment than that in the ipsilateral limb-training group or the control group. The number of nestin/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and nestin/microtubule-associated protein 2-positive cells in the peripheral infarct zone and in the corresponding cerebral region in the unaffected hemisphere was significantly higher in rats receiving bilateral limb-training than in rats receiving ipsilateral limb-training. These data suggest that bilateral limb-training can promote the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in the bilateral hemispheres after cerebral infarction and accelerate the recovery of neurologic function. In addition, bilateral limb-training produces better therapeutic effects than ipsilateral limb-training.展开更多
Background Prostate stromal cells are known to regulate epithelial growth as well as support and maintain epithelial function. However, how stromal cells regulate epithelial cells and what differences among various hi...Background Prostate stromal cells are known to regulate epithelial growth as well as support and maintain epithelial function. However, how stromal cells regulate epithelial cells and what differences among various histological/pathological prostate stromal cells in prostate cancer progression still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the different phenotypes of human various histological^pathological prostate stromal cells, and their role in tumor promotion. Methods The different phenotypes of the human normal prostatic peripheral zonal primary stromal cells （NPPF）, transitional zonal primary stromal cells （NPTF）,展开更多
Regardless of its relatively small size, the prostate is the most common site of pathology in human male, and the prostate is the site of the two most frequent medical problems affecting elderly men, benign prostatic ...Regardless of its relatively small size, the prostate is the most common site of pathology in human male, and the prostate is the site of the two most frequent medical problems affecting elderly men, benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and prostate cancer （PCa）. Using the urethra as the key anatomical reference point, the prostate is conventionally divided into three distinct zones： peripheral zone, transition zone, and central zone. This morphology is of clinical significance in the development of age-associated conditions such as BPH and PCa.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30672109).
文摘This study was designed to investigate the different involvements of prostatic stromal cells from the normal transitional zone(TZ)or peripheral zone(PZ)in the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer(PCa)epithelial cells(PC-3)in vitro and in vivo co-culture models.Ultra-structures and gene expression profiles of primary cultures of human prostatic stromal cells from the normal TZ or PZ were analyzed by electron microscopy and microarray analysis.In vitro and in vivo co-culture models composed of normal TZ or PZ stromal cells and human PCa PC-3 cells were established.We assessed tumor growth and weight in the in vivo nude mice model.There are morphological and ultra-structural differences in stromal cells from TZ and PZ of the normal prostate.In all,514 differentially expressed genes were selected by microarray analysis;483 genes were more highly expressed in stromal cells from TZ and 31 were more highly expressed in those from PZ.Co-culture with PZ stromal cells and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)increased the tumor growth of PC-3 cells in vitro and in vivo,as well as Bcl-2 expression.On the other hand,stromal cells of TZ suppressed PC-3 cell tumor growth in the mouse model.We conclude that ultra-structures and gene expression differ between the stromal cells from TZ or PZ of the normal prostate,and stroma-epithelium interactions from TZ or PZ might be responsible for the distinct zonal localization of prostate tumor formation.
基金supported by two grants from the Key Research and Development Program of jiangsu Province (No.BE2020654 and No.BE2020655)a grant from the General Program of Jiangsu Health Commission (No.H2019040)a grant from National Key R&D Program of China (No.2017YFC0114303).
文摘This study explored a new model of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PIRADS)and adjusted prostate-specific antigen density of peripheral zone(aPSADPZ)for predicting the occurrence of prostate cancer(PCa)and clinically significant prostate cancer(csPCa).The demographic and clinical characteristics of 853 patients were recorded.Prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA density(PSAD),PSAD of peripheral zone(PSADPZ),aPSADPZ,and peripheral zone volume ratio(PZ-ratio)were calculated and subjected to receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.The calibration and discrimination abilities of new nomograms were verified with the calibration curve and area under the ROC curve(AUC).The clinical benefits of these models were evaluated by decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves.The AUCs of PSA,PSAD,PSADPZ,aPSADPZ,and PZ-ratio were 0.669,0.762,0.659,0.812,and 0.748 for PCa diagnosis,while 0.713,0.788,0.694,0.828,and 0.735 for csPCa diagnosis,respectively.All nomograms displayed higher net benefit and better overall calibration than the scenarios for predicting the occurrence of PCa or csPCa.The new model significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy of PCa(0.945 vs 0.830,P<0.01)and csPCa(0.937 vs 0.845,P<0.01)compared with the base model.In addition,the number of patients with PCa and csPCa predicted by the new model was in good agreement with the actual number of patients with PCa and csPCa in high-risk threshold.This study demonstrates that aPSADPZ has a higher predictive accuracy for PCa diagnosis than the conventional indicators.Combining aPSADPZ with PIRADS can improve PCa diagnosis and avoid unnecessary biopsies.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81772746,No.81870516)Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province(2019D01C091).
文摘To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer(PCa)and reduce unnecessary biopsies,we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen(PSA)density(PZ-PSAD).Patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsies in Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai,China)between January 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively identified(n=529).Another group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(n=100)were randomly preselected to obtain the PSA density of the non-PCa cohort(N-PSAD).Prostate volumes and transition zone volumes were measured using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging(mpMRI)and were combined with PSA and N-PSAD to obtain the PZ-PSAD from a specific algorithm.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to assess the PCa detection efficiency in patients stratified by PSA level,and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)of PZ-PSAD was higher than that of PSA,PSA density(PSAD),and transition zone PSA density(TZ-PSAD).PZ-PSAD could amend the diagnosis for more than half of the patients with inaccurate transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)and mpMRI results.When TRUS and mpMRI findings were ambiguous to predict PCa(PIRADS score≤3),PZ-PSAD could increase the positive rate of biopsy from 21.7%to 54.7%,and help 63.8%(150/235)of patients avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy.In patients whose PSA was 4.0–10.0 ng ml^(−1),10.1–20.0 ng ml^(−1),and>20.0 ng ml^(−1),the ideal PZ-PSAD cut-off value for predicting clinically significant PCa was 0.019 ng ml^(−2),0.297 ng ml^(−2),and 1.180 ng ml^(−2),respectively(sensitivity>90%).Compared with PSA,PSAD,and TZ-PSAD,the efficiency of PZ-PSAD for predicting PCa is the highest,leading to fewer missed diagnoses and unnecessary biopsies.
文摘The structural diversity of different tree-crop associations were studied at Gachabari Sal forest area of Madhupur Garh on Buffer and Peripheral Zone during 2006. The total density, basal area of trees in the Buffer and Peripheral Zone were 155.5 trees·hm^(-2), 795.4 trees·hm^(-2) and 3.9 m2·hm-2, 5.8 m^2·hm^(-2), respectively. No regeneration and natural trees were found in Peripheral Zone and the Zone is totally occupied by exotic species where the Buffer Zone comprised of both natural and exotic trees. The Peripheral Zone belonged to younger and smaller trees whereas the Buffer Zone belonged to mixture of smaller, taller, younger and mature trees simultaneously. For the practicing of different agroforestry systems both Zones have lost their original characters of Sal forest.
文摘The original version of this article unfortunately contained three mistakes. （1） The spelling of the [A. Nishad＇] name was incorrect. The corrected spelling is given below.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the Innovation Program of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission （No. 102216） and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81072096）.
文摘Prostate cancer （PCa） is an age-related disease, and the stromal microenvironment plays an important role in prostatic malignant progression. However, the differences in prostate stromal cells present in young and old tissue are still obscure. We established primary cultured stromal cells from normal prostatic peripheral zone （PZ） of donors of varying ages and found that cultured stromal cells from old donors （PZ-old） were more enlarged and polygonal than those from young donors （PZ-young）. Furthermore, based on immunocytochemical and ultrastructural analysis, the components of stromal cells changed from a majority of fibroblasts to a mixture of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with increasing donor age. Using a three-dimensional in vitro culture system, we found that PZ-old stromal cells could enhance the proliferation, migration and invasion of cocultured benign BPH-1 and PC-3 cells. Using an in vivo tissue recombination system, we also found that PZ-old stromal cells are more effective than PZ-young cells in promoting tumour formation by BPH-1 cells of high passage（〉100） and PC-3 cells. To probe the possible mechanism of these effects, we performed cDNA microarray analysis and profiled 509 upregulated genes and 188 downregulated genes in PZ-old cells. Among the changed genes, we found genes coding for a subset of paracrine factors that are capable of influencing adjacent epithelial cells; these include hepatocyte growth factor （HGF）, fibroblast growth factor 5 （FGF5）, insulin-like growth factor 2 （IGF2）, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4 （IGFBP4）, IGFBP5 and matrix metallopeptidase 1 （MMP1）. Changes in the expression of these genes were further confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）, Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Overall, our findings indicate that stromal cells from prostate PZ of old donors are more active than similar cells from young donors in promoting the malignant process of adjacent epithelial cells. This finding hints at a new potential strategy for the prevention of PCa.
文摘AIM To evaluate the relationship between the location of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization(TACE).METHODS We evaluated 115 patients(127 nodules), excluding recurrent nodules, treated with TACE between January 2011 and June 2014. TACE efficacy was evaluated according to m RECIST. The HCC location coefficient was calculated as the distance from the central portal portion to the HCC center(mm)/liver diameter(mm) on multiplanar reconstruction images rendered(MPR) to visualize bifurcation of the right and left branches of the portal vein and HCC center. The HCC location coefficient was compared between complete response(CR) and non-CR groups in Child-Pugh grade A and B patients.RESULTS The median location coefficient of HCC among all nodules, the right lobe, and the medial segment was significantly higher in the CR group than in the non-CR group in the Child-Pugh grade A patients(0.82 vs 0.62, P < 0.001; 0.71 vs 0.59, P < 0.01; 0.81 vs 0.49, P < 0.05, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in the median location coefficient of the HCC in the lateral segment between in the CR and in the non-CR groups(0.67 vs 0.65, P > 0.05). On the other hand, in the Child-Pugh grade B patients, the HCC median location coefficient in each lobe and segment was not significantly different between in the CR and in the non-CR groups.CONCLUSION Improved TACE efficacy may be obtained for HCC in the peripheral zone of the right lobe and the medial segment in Child-Pugh grade A patients.
基金This study was supported by grants from the research program of National Science Foundation of China(No.81860141)Health and Family Planning Commission of Guizhou Province Foundation(No.gzwjkj2017-1-032)Doctoral Foundation of Guizhou Provincial Peoples Hospital(No.GZSYBS[2016]11).
文摘We conducted the present study to assess the correlation of the prostatic anatomical parameters,especially the ratio of peripheral zone thickness and transitional zone thickness,with clinical and uroflowmetry characteristics suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH).A total of 468 consecutive patients with a detailed medical history were identified.All patients were evaluated by scoring subjective symptoms with the International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)and quality of life(QoL).The prostatic anatomical parameters were measured using transrectal ultrasonography,and postvoid residual urine and maximum flow rate(Q_(max))values were also determined.Pearsonfs correlation analysis revealed that both total prostate volume(TPV;r=0.160,P<0.001)and transitional zone volume(TZV;r=0.104,P=0.016)increased with patients7 age;however,no correlations were observed of TPV,TZV,transitional zone index(TZI),and transitional zone thickness(TZT)with IPSS or QoL(all P>0.05).Peripheral to transitional zone index(PTI)was found negatively correlated with total IPSS(r=-0.113,P=0.024),storage IPSS(r=-0.103,P=0.041),and voiding IPSS(r=-0.123,P-0.014).As regards the uroflowmetry characteristics,PTI(r=0.157,P=0.007)was indicated to be positively correlated with Q_(max)and negatively correlated with TZI(r=-0.119,P=0.042)and TZT(r=-0.118,P=0.045),but not correlated with TPV,TZV,or peripheral zone thickness(PZT)(all P>0.05).Postvoid residual urine(PVR)had not correlated with all the prostatic anatomical variables(all P>0.05).This is the first study that formally proposed the concept of PTI,which is an easy-to-measure prostate anatomical parameter which significantly correlates with total IPSS,storage IPSS,voiding IPSS,and Q_(max),suggesting that PTI would be useful in evaluating and managing men with lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)/BPH.However,well-designed studies are mandatory to verify the clinical utility of PTI.
文摘AIM:To observe the effect of the plus power ring zone(PPRZ)area and distribution on myopia progression.METHODS:This retrospective study enrolled 137 pre-teens aged 8-12 at Taiyuan Aier Eye Hospital between 2019 and 2021.They were fitted with Ortho-K lenses for the first time due to refractive error,with a one-year follow-up period.To indicate the peripheral plus ring zone overlapping with the pupil zone(PPROPZ)accompanying PPRZ,participants were divided based on the PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio.The experimental group had 103 eyes with a PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio of≥0.2,and the control group had 103 eyes with a ratio of<0.2.Participants had a spherical diopter in the range of-6.00 D to-0.75 D,against-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.00 D,with-the-rule astigmatism less than 1.50 D,and corneal curvatures of 39.00 D to 46.00 D.They had a stable best corrected visual acuity of 0.10 LogMAR(20/25)or better when wearing orthokeratology(Ortho-K)lenses.PPRZ and PPROPZ were measured using ImageJ;corneal topography assessed corneal-related parameters,and an optical biometer measured the axial length of the eyes pre and post-one years of lens wear.RESULTS:Changes in axial length elongation were found to decrease when either the PPRZ(P<0.01)or PPROPZ(P<0.001)was increased significantly.The axial length growth was faster in the control group(0.37±0.2 mm)than in the experimental group(0.21±0.11 mm).Furthermore,we found that a larger horizontal visible iris diameter(HVID)corresponded to slower axial growth of the eye.In contrast,axial length growth showed no correlation with surface regularity index(SRI),surface asymmetry index(SAI),flat keratometry value(K_(f)),steep keratometry value(K_(s)).CONCLUSION:For orthokeratology,wearers with larger PPROPZ to PPRZ ratio usually experiences a reduction in axial length growth.The PPRZ and PPROPZ are negatively correlated with the axial length.Our findings provide a recommendation and methods for studying the myopia control mechanism through Ortho-K lenses.
文摘We investigated the effects of ipsilateral versus bilateral limb-training on promotion of endogenous neural stem cells in the peripheral infarct zone and the corresponding cerebral region in the unaffected hemisphere of rats with cerebral infarction. Middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced in Wistar rats. The rat forelimb on the unaffected side was either wrapped up with tape to force the use of the paretic forelimb in rats or not braked to allow bilateral forelimbs to participate in training. Daily training consisted of mesh drum training, balance beam training, and stick rolling training for a total of 40 minutes, once per day. Control rats received no training. At 14 days after functional training, rats receiving bilateral limb-training exhibited milder neurological impairment than that in the ipsilateral limb-training group or the control group. The number of nestin/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and nestin/microtubule-associated protein 2-positive cells in the peripheral infarct zone and in the corresponding cerebral region in the unaffected hemisphere was significantly higher in rats receiving bilateral limb-training than in rats receiving ipsilateral limb-training. These data suggest that bilateral limb-training can promote the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells in the bilateral hemispheres after cerebral infarction and accelerate the recovery of neurologic function. In addition, bilateral limb-training produces better therapeutic effects than ipsilateral limb-training.
基金This study was supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81072096） and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality （No. 074119518）.
文摘Background Prostate stromal cells are known to regulate epithelial growth as well as support and maintain epithelial function. However, how stromal cells regulate epithelial cells and what differences among various histological/pathological prostate stromal cells in prostate cancer progression still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the different phenotypes of human various histological^pathological prostate stromal cells, and their role in tumor promotion. Methods The different phenotypes of the human normal prostatic peripheral zonal primary stromal cells （NPPF）, transitional zonal primary stromal cells （NPTF）,
文摘Regardless of its relatively small size, the prostate is the most common site of pathology in human male, and the prostate is the site of the two most frequent medical problems affecting elderly men, benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and prostate cancer （PCa）. Using the urethra as the key anatomical reference point, the prostate is conventionally divided into three distinct zones： peripheral zone, transition zone, and central zone. This morphology is of clinical significance in the development of age-associated conditions such as BPH and PCa.
