The beyond fifth-generation Internet of Things requires more capable channel coding schemes to achieve high-reliability,low-complexity and lowlatency communications.The theoretical analysis of error-correction perform...The beyond fifth-generation Internet of Things requires more capable channel coding schemes to achieve high-reliability,low-complexity and lowlatency communications.The theoretical analysis of error-correction performance of channel coding functions as a significant way of optimizing the transmission reliability and efficiency.In this paper,the efficient estimation methods of the block error rate(BLER)performance for rate-compatible polar codes(RCPC)are proposed under several scenarios.Firstly,the BLER performance of RCPC is generally evaluated in the additive white Gaussian noise channels.That is further extended into the Rayleigh fading channel case using an equivalent estimation method.Moreover,with respect to the powerful decoder such as successive cancellation list decoding,the performance estimation is derived analytically based on the polar weight spectrum and BLER upper bounds.Theoretical evaluation and numerical simulation results show that the estimated performance can fit well the practical simulated results of RCPC under the objective conditions,verifying the validity of our proposed performance estimation methods.Furthermore,the application designs of the reliability estimation of RCPC are explored,particularly in the advantages of the signal-to-noise(SNR)estimation and throughput efficiency optimization of polar coded hybrid automatic repeat request.展开更多
Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hin...Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hinder system integration due to their specific manufacturing processes.Conversely,metal oxide diodes,with their simple fabrication techniques,offer advantages for system integration.The oxygen vacancy defect of oxide semiconductor will greatly affect the electrical performance of the device,so the performance of the diode can be effectively controlled by adjusting the oxygen vacancy concentration.This study centers on optimizing the performance of diodes by modulating the oxygen vacancy concentration within InGaZnO films through control of oxygen flows during the sputtering process.Experimental results demonstrate that the diode exhibits a forward current density of 43.82 A·cm^(−2),with a rectification ratio of 6.94×10^(4),efficiently rectifying input sine signals with 1 kHz frequency and 5 V magnitude.These results demonstrate its potential in energy conversion and management.By adjusting the oxygen vacancy,a methodology is provided for optimizing the performance of rectifying diodes.展开更多
The growing demands for energy storage systems,electric vehicles,and portable electronics have significantly pushed forward the need for safe and reliable lithium batteries.It is essential to design functional separat...The growing demands for energy storage systems,electric vehicles,and portable electronics have significantly pushed forward the need for safe and reliable lithium batteries.It is essential to design functional separators with improved mechanical and electrochemical characteristics.This review covers the improved mechanical and electrochemical performances as well as the advancements made in the design of separators utilizing a variety of techniques.In terms of electrolyte wettability and adhesion of the coating materials,we provide an overview of the current status of research on coated separators,in situ modified separators,and grafting modified separators,and elaborate additional performance parameters of interest.The characteristics of inorganics coated separators,organic framework coated separators and inorganic-organic coated separators from different fabrication methods are compared.Future directions regarding new modified materials,manufacturing process,quantitative analysis of adhesion and so on are proposed toward next-generation advanced lithium batteries.展开更多
The available test methods for optimal moisture content of cold recycled mixture(CRM)as well as its bulk specific gravity,and theoretical maximum relative density were analyzed in this work.Some test improvements were...The available test methods for optimal moisture content of cold recycled mixture(CRM)as well as its bulk specific gravity,and theoretical maximum relative density were analyzed in this work.Some test improvements were suggested to improve test control of the CRM road performance based on the discovered flaws.Besides,the properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP),including the content of old asphalt,penetration index,passing rate of 4.75 mm sieve,and gradation change rate after extraction,were examined.The effects of RAP characteristics on splitting tensile strength,water stability,the high-and low-temperature performance of emulsified asphalt CRM were studied.The results show that the optimum moisture content of CRM should be determined when the compaction work matches the specimen’s molding work.Among the analyzed methods of bulk specific gravity assessment,the dry-surface and CoreLok methods provide more robust and accurate results than the wax-sealing method,while the dry-surface method is the most cost-efficient.The modified theoretical maximum relative density test method is proposed,which can reduce the systematic error of the vacuum test method.The following RAP-CRM trends can be observed.The lower the content of old asphalt and the smaller the change rate of gradation,the smaller the voids and the better the water stability of CRM.The greater the penetration of old asphalt,the higher the fracture work and low-temperature splitting strength.The greater the penetration,the higher the passing rate of 4.75 mm sieve after extraction,and the worse the high-temperature performance of CRM.展开更多
A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anod...A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anode dissolution kinetics.A Mg-air battery prepared using this anode exhibits a cell voltage of 1.626 V at 0.5 mA/cm^(2),reasonable anodic efficiency of 58.17%,and good specific energy of 1730.96 mW·h/g at 10 mA/cm^(2).This performance is attributed to the effective reactive anode surface,the suppressed chunk effect,and weak self-corrosion owing to the homogeneous basal texture.展开更多
In recent decades,control performance monitoring(CPM)has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications.While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks,the historical data be...In recent decades,control performance monitoring(CPM)has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications.While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks,the historical data benchmark(HIS)has garnered the most attention due to its practicality and effectiveness.However,existing CPM reviews usually focus on the theoretical benchmark,and there is a lack of an in-depth review that thoroughly explores HIS-based methods.In this article,a comprehensive overview of HIS-based CPM is provided.First,we provide a novel static-dynamic perspective on data-level manifestations of control performance underlying typical controller capacities including regulation and servo:static and dynamic properties.The static property portrays time-independent variability in system output,and the dynamic property describes temporal behavior driven by closed-loop feedback.Accordingly,existing HIS-based CPM approaches and their intrinsic motivations are classified and analyzed from these two perspectives.Specifically,two mainstream solutions for CPM methods are summarized,including static analysis and dynamic analysis,which match data-driven techniques with actual controlling behavior.Furthermore,this paper also points out various opportunities and challenges faced in CPM for modern industry and provides promising directions in the context of artificial intelligence for inspiring future research.展开更多
Excellent detonation performances and low sensitivity are prerequisites for the deployment of energetic materials.Exploring the underlying factors that affect impact sensitivity and detonation performances as well as ...Excellent detonation performances and low sensitivity are prerequisites for the deployment of energetic materials.Exploring the underlying factors that affect impact sensitivity and detonation performances as well as exploring how to obtain materials with desired properties remains a long-term challenge.Machine learning with its ability to solve complex tasks and perform robust data processing can reveal the relationship between performance and descriptive indicators,potentially accelerating the development process of energetic materials.In this background,impact sensitivity,detonation performances,and 28 physicochemical parameters for 222 energetic materials from density functional theory calculations and published literature were sorted out.Four machine learning algorithms were employed to predict various properties of energetic materials,including impact sensitivity,detonation velocity,detonation pressure,and Gurney energy.Analysis of Pearson coefficients and feature importance showed that the heat of explosion,oxygen balance,decomposition products,and HOMO energy levels have a strong correlation with the impact sensitivity of energetic materials.Oxygen balance,decomposition products,and density have a strong correlation with detonation performances.Utilizing impact sensitivity of 2,3,4-trinitrotoluene and the detonation performances of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-1,3,5-triamine as the benchmark,the analysis of feature importance rankings and statistical data revealed the optimal range of key features balancing impact sensitivity and detonation performances:oxygen balance values should be between-40%and-30%,density should range from 1.66 to 1.72 g/cm^(3),HOMO energy levels should be between-6.34 and-6.31 eV,and lipophilicity should be between-1.0 and 0.1,4.49 and 5.59.These findings not only offer important insights into the impact sensitivity and detonation performances of energetic materials,but also provide a theoretical guidance paradigm for the design and development of new energetic materials with optimal detonation performances and reduced sensitivity.展开更多
La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation pr...La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation properties.However,the cycling stability is not currently satisfactory enough which plagues its application.Herein,a strategy of partially substituting La with the Y element is proposed to boost the capacity durability of La-Mg-Ni-based alloys.Furthermore,phase structure regulation is implemented simultaneously to obtain the A5 B19-type alloy with good crystal stability specifically.It is found that Y promotes the phase formation of the Pr5 Co19-type phase after annealing at 985℃.The alloy containing Y contributes to the superior rate capability resulting from the promoted hydrogen diffusion rate.Notably,Y substitution enables strengthening the anti-pulverization ability of the alloy in terms of increasing the volume match between[A_(2)B_(4)]and[AB5]subunits,and effectively enhances the anti-corrosion ability of the alloy due to high electronegativity,realizing improved long-term cycling stability of the alloy from 74.2%to 78.5%after cycling 300 times.The work is expected to shed light on the composition and structure design of the La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloy for Ni-MH batteries.展开更多
Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between...Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.Results In this study,we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows,nine of which completed up to four parities(U4P group),exhibiting reproductive longevity.We first identified predictors of sow longevity in the rectum(e.g.,Akkermansia)and vagina(e.g.,Lactobacillus)of the U4P group using RandomForest in the early breeding stage of the first parity.Interestingly,these bacteria in the U4P group showed decreased predicted KEGG gene abundance involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids.Then,we tracked the longitudinal changes of the micro-biome over four parities in the U4P sows.LEfSe analysis revealed parity-associated bacteria that existed in both the rectum and vagina(e.g.,Streptococcus in Parity 1,Lactobacillus in Parity 2,Veillonella in Parity 4).We also identi-fied patterns of bacterial change between the early breeding stage(d 0)and d 110,such as Streptococcus,which was decreased in all four parties.Furthermore,sows in the U4P group with longevity potential also showed better reproductive performance.Finally,we discovered bacterial predictors(e.g.,Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group)for the total number of piglets born throughout the four parities in both the rectum and vagina.Conclusions This study highlights how the rectal and vaginal microbiome in sows with longevity in reproduc-tion changes within four parities.The identification of parity-associated,pregnancy-related,and reproductive performance-correlated bacteria provides the foundation for targeted microbiome modulation to improve animal production.展开更多
This study investigates the flexural performance of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)in reinforced concrete T-beams,focusing on the effects of interfacial treatments.Three concrete T-beam specimens were fabricated...This study investigates the flexural performance of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)in reinforced concrete T-beams,focusing on the effects of interfacial treatments.Three concrete T-beam specimens were fabricated and tested:a control beam(RC-T),a UHPC-reinforced beam with a chiseled interface(UN-C-50F),and a UHPC-reinforced beam featuring both a chiseled interface and anchored steel rebars(UN-CS-50F).The test results indicated that both chiseling and the incorporation of anchored rebars effectively created a synergistic combination between the concrete T-beam and the UHPC reinforcement layer,with the UN-CS-50F exhibiting the highest flexural resistance.The cracking load and ultimate load of UN-CS-50F were 221.5%and 40.8%,respectively,higher than those of the RC-T.Finite element(FE)models were developed to provide further insights into the behavior of the UHPCreinforced T-beams,showing a maximumdeviation of just 8%when validated against experimental data.A parametric analysis varied the height,thickness,andmaterial strength of the UHPC reinforcement layer based on the validated FE model,revealing that increasing the UHPC layer thickness from 30 to 50 mm improved the ultimate resistance by 20%while reducing the UHPC reinforcement height from 440 to 300 mm led to a 10%decrease in bending resistance.The interfacial anchoring rebars significantly reduced crack propagation and enhanced stress redistribution,highlighting the importance of strengthening interfacial bonds and optimizing geometric parameters ofUHPCfor improved T-beam performance.These findings offer valuable insights for the design and retrofitting of UHPC-reinforced bridge girders.展开更多
Solid-state batteries are widely recognized as the next-generation energy storage devices with high specific energy,high safety,and high environmental adaptability.However,the research and development of solid-state b...Solid-state batteries are widely recognized as the next-generation energy storage devices with high specific energy,high safety,and high environmental adaptability.However,the research and development of solid-state batteries are resource-intensive and time-consuming due to their complex chemical environment,rendering performance prediction arduous and delaying large-scale industrialization.Artificial intelligence serves as an accelerator for solid-state battery development by enabling efficient material screening and performance prediction.This review will systematically examine how the latest progress in using machine learning(ML)algorithms can be used to mine extensive material databases and accelerate the discovery of high-performance cathode,anode,and electrolyte materials suitable for solid-state batteries.Furthermore,the use of ML technology to accurately estimate and predict key performance indicators in the solid-state battery management system will be discussed,among which are state of charge,state of health,remaining useful life,and battery capacity.Finally,we will summarize the main challenges encountered in the current research,such as data quality issues and poor code portability,and propose possible solutions and development paths.These will provide clear guidance for future research and technological reiteration.展开更多
High-entropy materials(HEMs),an innovative class of materials with complex stoichiometry,have recently garnered consider-able attention in energy storage applications.While their multi-element compositions(five or mor...High-entropy materials(HEMs),an innovative class of materials with complex stoichiometry,have recently garnered consider-able attention in energy storage applications.While their multi-element compositions(five or more principal elements in nearly equiatom-ic proportions)confer unique advantages such as high configurational entropy,lattice distortion,and synergistic cocktail effects,the fun-damental understanding of structure-property relationships in battery systems remains fragmented across existing studies.This review ad-dresses critical research gaps by proposing a multidimensional design paradigm that systematically integrates synergistic mechanisms spanning cathodes,anodes,electrolytes,and electrocatalysts.We provide an in-depth analysis of HEMs’thermodynamic/kinetic stabiliza-tion principles and structure-regulated electrochemical properties,integrating and establishing quantitative correlations between entropy-driven phase stability and charge transport dynamics.By summarizing the performance benchmarking results of lithium/sodium/potassi-um-ion battery components,we reveal how entropy-mediated structural tailoring enhances cycle stability and ionic conductivity.Notably,we pioneer the systematic association of high-entropy effects to electrochemical interfaces,demonstrating their unique potential in stabil-izing solid-electrolyte interphases and suppressing transition metal dissolution.Emerging opportunities in machine learning-driven com-position screening and sustainable manufacturing are discussed alongside critical challenges,including performance variability metrics and cost-benefit analysis for industrial implementation.This work provides both fundamental insights and practical guidelines for advan-cing HEMs toward next-generation battery technologies.展开更多
Surface engineering plays a crucial role in improving the performance of high energy materials,and polydopamine(PDA)is widely used in the field of energetic materials for surface modification and functionalization.In ...Surface engineering plays a crucial role in improving the performance of high energy materials,and polydopamine(PDA)is widely used in the field of energetic materials for surface modification and functionalization.In order to obtain high-quality HMX@PDA-based PBX explosives with high sphericity and a narrow particle size distribution,composite microspheres were prepared using co-axial droplet microfluidic technology.The formation mechanism,thermal behavior,mechanical sensitivity,electrostatic spark sensitivity,compressive strength,and combustion performance of the microspheres were investigated.The results show that PDA can effectively enhance the interfacial interaction between the explosive particles and the binder under the synergistic effect of chemical bonds and the physical"mechanical interlocking"structure.Interface reinforcement causes the thermal decomposition temperature of the sample microspheres to move to a higher temperature,with the sensitivity to impact,friction,and electrostatic sparks(for S-1)increasing by 12.5%,31.3%,and 81.5%respectively,and the compressive strength also increased by 30.7%,effectively enhancing the safety performance of the microspheres.Therefore,this study provides an effective and universal strategy for preparing high-quality functional explosives,and also provides some reference for the safe use of energetic materials in practical applications.展开更多
Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability an...Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability and short service life.To address these issues,low-phenyl silicone rubber was prepared and tested,and the finite element analysis and experimental studies on the sealing performance of its sealing rings were carried out.Design/methodology/approach–The low-temperature resistance and thermal stability of the prepared lowphenyl silicone rubber were studied using low-temperature tensile testing,differential scanning calorimetry,dynamic thermomechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The sealing performance of the lowphenyl silicone rubber sealing ring was studied by using finite element analysis software abaqus and experiments.Findings–The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring possessed excellent low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.According to the finite element analysis results,the finish of the flange sealing surface and groove outer edge should be ensured,and extrusion damage should be avoided.The sealing rings were more susceptible to damage in high compression ratio and/or low-temperature environments.When the sealing effect was ensured,a small compression ratio should be selected,and rubbers with hardness and elasticity less affected by temperature should be selected.The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring had zero leakage at both room temperature(RT)and�508C.Originality/value–The innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for the future development of the sealing rings used in the brake pipe flange joints of the railway freight cars in China.展开更多
Grain boundary engineering plays a significant role in the improvement of strength and plasticity of alloys. However, in refractory high-entropy alloys, the susceptibility of grain boundaries to oxygen presents a bott...Grain boundary engineering plays a significant role in the improvement of strength and plasticity of alloys. However, in refractory high-entropy alloys, the susceptibility of grain boundaries to oxygen presents a bottleneck in achieving high mechanical performance. Creating a large number of clean grain boundaries in refractory high-entropy alloys is a challenge. In this study, an ultrafine-grained (UFG) NbMoTaW alloy with high grain-boundary cohesion was prepared by powder metallurgy, taking advantages of rapid hot-pressing sintering and full-process inert atmosphere protection from powder synthesis to sintering. By oxygen control and an increase in the proportion of grain boundaries, the segregation of oxygen and formation of oxides at grain boundaries were strongly mitigated, thus the intrinsic high cohesion of the interfaces was preserved. Compared to the coarse-grained alloys prepared by arc-melting and those sintered by traditional powder metallurgy methods, the UFG NbMoTaW alloy demonstrated simultaneously increased strength and plasticity at ambient temperature. The highly cohesive grain boundaries not only reduce brittle fractures effectively but also promote intragranular deformation. Consequently, the UFG NbMoTaW alloy achieved a high yield strength even at elevated temperatures, with a remarkable performance of 1117 MPa at 1200 ℃. This work provides a feasible solution for producing refractory high-entropy alloys with low impurity content, refined microstructure, and excellent mechanical performance.展开更多
The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experim...The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experiments,this study used inert materials with similar physical properties to partially substitute for the actual energetic components in the preparation of simulant materials.By thoroughly analyzing slurry physical properties,a simulation framework and an extensive performance evaluation method were developed.Such tools guide the design of the structure and configuration of process parameters.Results demonstrate that employing the Pin element significantly enhances radial mixing within the screw,minimizes temperature variations in the slurry,and improves both efficiency and safety in the mixing process.Further,adjustments such as widening the cone angle of the barrel,modifying the solid content of the slurry,and varying the speed of the screw can optimize the mechanical and thermal coupling in the flow field.These adjustments promote higher-quality slurry and create a safer production environment for the extrusion process.展开更多
To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying ...To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method.The morphology,structure and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray energy spectroscopy(EDS),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and simultaneous thermal analyzer(TG-DSC).Additionally,the combustion process of the samples was tested using a high-speed camera.The results show that the addition of nano-Si contributes to the formation of composite explosives with regular morphology and smaller particle size.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has better and more uniform sphericity,with an average particle size of 73.4 nm,compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive which produced by the electrostatic spraying method,achieves physically uniform distribution of the components including NC,CL-20,Si.The addition of Si promotes the thermal decomposition of CL-20.In comparison to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,the activation energy of the Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive decreases by 16.78 kJ/mol,and the self-accelerated decomposition temperature and the critical temperature of thermal explosion decreases by 3.12 K and 2.61 K,respectively.Furthermore,Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has shorter ignition delay time and faster combustion rate compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,which shows that Si can improve the combustion performance of CL-20.展开更多
M50 steel,commonly utilized in aircraft engine bearings,is susceptible to friction-induced failures,particularly in high-temperature service conditions.To address this issue,various strategies have been proposed,with ...M50 steel,commonly utilized in aircraft engine bearings,is susceptible to friction-induced failures,particularly in high-temperature service conditions.To address this issue,various strategies have been proposed,with laser shock peening(LSP)garnering significant attention due to its deeper residual stress penetration and excellent surface integrity,whereas the underlying strengthening mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated.In this study,we systematically investigate the impact of LSP treatment on the tribological properties of M50 steel at temperatures of 25 and 300℃,alongside elucidating the relevant micro-mechanisms.Microstructural analysis reveals that laser impact strengthening primarily arises from dislocation proliferation,resulting in a surface hardness increase of approximately 14%and the formation of a substantial compressive stress layer reaching a maximum value of about 1200 MPa,with a depth of around 2 mm.Friction test results demonstrate reduced coefficients of friction and wear rates following LSP treatment at both temperatures.Notably,a more pronounced reduction is observed at 300℃,with values decreasing by 41.4%and 55.8%,respectively.The enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic interplay of compressive residual stresses,work-hardening layers,increased density of dislocations,and substantial microstructure refinement.展开更多
This study investigates the bond performance at the interfacial region shared by Ultra-High Performance Concrete(UHPC)and steel tubes through push-out tests.This study examines how changes in steel fiber volumetric ra...This study investigates the bond performance at the interfacial region shared by Ultra-High Performance Concrete(UHPC)and steel tubes through push-out tests.This study examines how changes in steel fiber volumetric ratio and thickness of steel tube influence the bond strength characteristics.The results show that as the enhancement of the steel tube wall thickness,the ultimate bond strength at the interface improves significantly,whereas the initial bond strength exhibits only slight variations.The influence of steel fiber volumetric ratio presents a nonlinear trend,with initial bond strength decreasing at low fiber content and increasing significantly as fiber content rises.Additionally,finite element(FE)simulations were applied to replicate the experimental conditions,and the outcomes showed strong correlation with the experimental data,confirming the exactitude of the FE model in predicting the bond behavior at the UHPC-Steel interface.These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the design of UHPC-Filled steel tubes in high-performance structure.展开更多
Transition metal sulfides are considered promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity and low synthesis cost.However,is-sues such as poor cyclic stability and rate per...Transition metal sulfides are considered promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity and low synthesis cost.However,is-sues such as poor cyclic stability and rate performance,arising from volume expansion and structural degradation,remain sig-nificant challenges.We report a novel FeS_(2)/CoS_(2) heterostruc-ture embedded in a 3D carbon aerogel matrix(FeS_(2)/CoS_(2)@C)synthesized by a cross-linking and vulcanization process.The resulting core-shell structure,with bimetallic FeS_(2)/CoS_(2) nano-particles encapsulated in a conductive carbon shell,effectively reduces the adverse effects of volume changes during sodiation/desodiation cycles.The 3D porous carbon network increases both ion and electron diffusion,while preventing agglomeration of the active material and maintaining interface integrity.The FeS_(2)/CoS_(2)@C composite has an outstanding electrochemical performance,including a high specific capacity of 725 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1)and an exceptional rate capability of 572 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1).It also has remarkable cycling stability with no signific-ant capacity decay over 1000 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62201596)Research Planning Project of National University of Defense Technology(ZK22-45).
文摘The beyond fifth-generation Internet of Things requires more capable channel coding schemes to achieve high-reliability,low-complexity and lowlatency communications.The theoretical analysis of error-correction performance of channel coding functions as a significant way of optimizing the transmission reliability and efficiency.In this paper,the efficient estimation methods of the block error rate(BLER)performance for rate-compatible polar codes(RCPC)are proposed under several scenarios.Firstly,the BLER performance of RCPC is generally evaluated in the additive white Gaussian noise channels.That is further extended into the Rayleigh fading channel case using an equivalent estimation method.Moreover,with respect to the powerful decoder such as successive cancellation list decoding,the performance estimation is derived analytically based on the polar weight spectrum and BLER upper bounds.Theoretical evaluation and numerical simulation results show that the estimated performance can fit well the practical simulated results of RCPC under the objective conditions,verifying the validity of our proposed performance estimation methods.Furthermore,the application designs of the reliability estimation of RCPC are explored,particularly in the advantages of the signal-to-noise(SNR)estimation and throughput efficiency optimization of polar coded hybrid automatic repeat request.
文摘Rectifying circuit,as a crucial component for converting alternating current into direct current,plays a pivotal role in energy harvesting microsystems.Traditional silicon-based or germanium-based rectifier diodes hinder system integration due to their specific manufacturing processes.Conversely,metal oxide diodes,with their simple fabrication techniques,offer advantages for system integration.The oxygen vacancy defect of oxide semiconductor will greatly affect the electrical performance of the device,so the performance of the diode can be effectively controlled by adjusting the oxygen vacancy concentration.This study centers on optimizing the performance of diodes by modulating the oxygen vacancy concentration within InGaZnO films through control of oxygen flows during the sputtering process.Experimental results demonstrate that the diode exhibits a forward current density of 43.82 A·cm^(−2),with a rectification ratio of 6.94×10^(4),efficiently rectifying input sine signals with 1 kHz frequency and 5 V magnitude.These results demonstrate its potential in energy conversion and management.By adjusting the oxygen vacancy,a methodology is provided for optimizing the performance of rectifying diodes.
基金the Center of Lithium Battery Membrane Materials jointly established by School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Shenzhen Senior Technology Material Co.Ltd.,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52020105012,52303084)the Young Scientists Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2023AFB220)for the support of this work.
文摘The growing demands for energy storage systems,electric vehicles,and portable electronics have significantly pushed forward the need for safe and reliable lithium batteries.It is essential to design functional separators with improved mechanical and electrochemical characteristics.This review covers the improved mechanical and electrochemical performances as well as the advancements made in the design of separators utilizing a variety of techniques.In terms of electrolyte wettability and adhesion of the coating materials,we provide an overview of the current status of research on coated separators,in situ modified separators,and grafting modified separators,and elaborate additional performance parameters of interest.The characteristics of inorganics coated separators,organic framework coated separators and inorganic-organic coated separators from different fabrication methods are compared.Future directions regarding new modified materials,manufacturing process,quantitative analysis of adhesion and so on are proposed toward next-generation advanced lithium batteries.
文摘The available test methods for optimal moisture content of cold recycled mixture(CRM)as well as its bulk specific gravity,and theoretical maximum relative density were analyzed in this work.Some test improvements were suggested to improve test control of the CRM road performance based on the discovered flaws.Besides,the properties of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP),including the content of old asphalt,penetration index,passing rate of 4.75 mm sieve,and gradation change rate after extraction,were examined.The effects of RAP characteristics on splitting tensile strength,water stability,the high-and low-temperature performance of emulsified asphalt CRM were studied.The results show that the optimum moisture content of CRM should be determined when the compaction work matches the specimen’s molding work.Among the analyzed methods of bulk specific gravity assessment,the dry-surface and CoreLok methods provide more robust and accurate results than the wax-sealing method,while the dry-surface method is the most cost-efficient.The modified theoretical maximum relative density test method is proposed,which can reduce the systematic error of the vacuum test method.The following RAP-CRM trends can be observed.The lower the content of old asphalt and the smaller the change rate of gradation,the smaller the voids and the better the water stability of CRM.The greater the penetration of old asphalt,the higher the fracture work and low-temperature splitting strength.The greater the penetration,the higher the passing rate of 4.75 mm sieve after extraction,and the worse the high-temperature performance of CRM.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51901153)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2019032)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi,China(No.202103021224049)the Shanxi Zhejiang University New Materials and Chemical Research Institute Scientific Research Project,China(No.2022SX-TD025)。
文摘A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anode dissolution kinetics.A Mg-air battery prepared using this anode exhibits a cell voltage of 1.626 V at 0.5 mA/cm^(2),reasonable anodic efficiency of 58.17%,and good specific energy of 1730.96 mW·h/g at 10 mA/cm^(2).This performance is attributed to the effective reactive anode surface,the suppressed chunk effect,and weak self-corrosion owing to the homogeneous basal texture.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62125306)Zhejiang Key Research and Development Project(2024C01163)the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology,China(ICT2024A06)
文摘In recent decades,control performance monitoring(CPM)has experienced remarkable progress in research and industrial applications.While CPM research has been investigated using various benchmarks,the historical data benchmark(HIS)has garnered the most attention due to its practicality and effectiveness.However,existing CPM reviews usually focus on the theoretical benchmark,and there is a lack of an in-depth review that thoroughly explores HIS-based methods.In this article,a comprehensive overview of HIS-based CPM is provided.First,we provide a novel static-dynamic perspective on data-level manifestations of control performance underlying typical controller capacities including regulation and servo:static and dynamic properties.The static property portrays time-independent variability in system output,and the dynamic property describes temporal behavior driven by closed-loop feedback.Accordingly,existing HIS-based CPM approaches and their intrinsic motivations are classified and analyzed from these two perspectives.Specifically,two mainstream solutions for CPM methods are summarized,including static analysis and dynamic analysis,which match data-driven techniques with actual controlling behavior.Furthermore,this paper also points out various opportunities and challenges faced in CPM for modern industry and provides promising directions in the context of artificial intelligence for inspiring future research.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2682024GF019)。
文摘Excellent detonation performances and low sensitivity are prerequisites for the deployment of energetic materials.Exploring the underlying factors that affect impact sensitivity and detonation performances as well as exploring how to obtain materials with desired properties remains a long-term challenge.Machine learning with its ability to solve complex tasks and perform robust data processing can reveal the relationship between performance and descriptive indicators,potentially accelerating the development process of energetic materials.In this background,impact sensitivity,detonation performances,and 28 physicochemical parameters for 222 energetic materials from density functional theory calculations and published literature were sorted out.Four machine learning algorithms were employed to predict various properties of energetic materials,including impact sensitivity,detonation velocity,detonation pressure,and Gurney energy.Analysis of Pearson coefficients and feature importance showed that the heat of explosion,oxygen balance,decomposition products,and HOMO energy levels have a strong correlation with the impact sensitivity of energetic materials.Oxygen balance,decomposition products,and density have a strong correlation with detonation performances.Utilizing impact sensitivity of 2,3,4-trinitrotoluene and the detonation performances of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-1,3,5-triamine as the benchmark,the analysis of feature importance rankings and statistical data revealed the optimal range of key features balancing impact sensitivity and detonation performances:oxygen balance values should be between-40%and-30%,density should range from 1.66 to 1.72 g/cm^(3),HOMO energy levels should be between-6.34 and-6.31 eV,and lipophilicity should be between-1.0 and 0.1,4.49 and 5.59.These findings not only offer important insights into the impact sensitivity and detonation performances of energetic materials,but also provide a theoretical guidance paradigm for the design and development of new energetic materials with optimal detonation performances and reduced sensitivity.
基金the financial support by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201282,52071281,52371239)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M742945)+4 种基金Hebei Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.B2023003023)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.BJK2022033)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.C2022203003)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Major Project(No.2020ZD0012)the Baotou Science and Technology Planning Project(No.XM2022BT09).
文摘La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures are the new generation anode material for nickel metal hydride(Ni-MH)batteries owing to the advantages of high capacity and exceptional activation properties.However,the cycling stability is not currently satisfactory enough which plagues its application.Herein,a strategy of partially substituting La with the Y element is proposed to boost the capacity durability of La-Mg-Ni-based alloys.Furthermore,phase structure regulation is implemented simultaneously to obtain the A5 B19-type alloy with good crystal stability specifically.It is found that Y promotes the phase formation of the Pr5 Co19-type phase after annealing at 985℃.The alloy containing Y contributes to the superior rate capability resulting from the promoted hydrogen diffusion rate.Notably,Y substitution enables strengthening the anti-pulverization ability of the alloy in terms of increasing the volume match between[A_(2)B_(4)]and[AB5]subunits,and effectively enhances the anti-corrosion ability of the alloy due to high electronegativity,realizing improved long-term cycling stability of the alloy from 74.2%to 78.5%after cycling 300 times.The work is expected to shed light on the composition and structure design of the La-Mg-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloy for Ni-MH batteries.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFE0124400)the Specific university discipline construction project (2023B10564001)+1 种基金grants administered by the Arkansas Biosciences Institute and the USDAa core grant (P20GM121293, proteogenomics core)。
文摘Background Sow longevity and reproductivity are essential in the modern swine industry.Although many studies have focused on the genetic and genomic factors for selection,little is known about the associations between the microbiome and sows with longevity in reproduction.Results In this study,we collected and sequenced rectal and vaginal swabs from 48 sows,nine of which completed up to four parities(U4P group),exhibiting reproductive longevity.We first identified predictors of sow longevity in the rectum(e.g.,Akkermansia)and vagina(e.g.,Lactobacillus)of the U4P group using RandomForest in the early breeding stage of the first parity.Interestingly,these bacteria in the U4P group showed decreased predicted KEGG gene abundance involved in the biosynthesis of amino acids.Then,we tracked the longitudinal changes of the micro-biome over four parities in the U4P sows.LEfSe analysis revealed parity-associated bacteria that existed in both the rectum and vagina(e.g.,Streptococcus in Parity 1,Lactobacillus in Parity 2,Veillonella in Parity 4).We also identi-fied patterns of bacterial change between the early breeding stage(d 0)and d 110,such as Streptococcus,which was decreased in all four parties.Furthermore,sows in the U4P group with longevity potential also showed better reproductive performance.Finally,we discovered bacterial predictors(e.g.,Prevotellaceae NK3B31 group)for the total number of piglets born throughout the four parities in both the rectum and vagina.Conclusions This study highlights how the rectal and vaginal microbiome in sows with longevity in reproduc-tion changes within four parities.The identification of parity-associated,pregnancy-related,and reproductive performance-correlated bacteria provides the foundation for targeted microbiome modulation to improve animal production.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant#52278161)the Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou(Grant#2024A04J9888)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant#2023A1515010535).
文摘This study investigates the flexural performance of ultra-high performance concrete(UHPC)in reinforced concrete T-beams,focusing on the effects of interfacial treatments.Three concrete T-beam specimens were fabricated and tested:a control beam(RC-T),a UHPC-reinforced beam with a chiseled interface(UN-C-50F),and a UHPC-reinforced beam featuring both a chiseled interface and anchored steel rebars(UN-CS-50F).The test results indicated that both chiseling and the incorporation of anchored rebars effectively created a synergistic combination between the concrete T-beam and the UHPC reinforcement layer,with the UN-CS-50F exhibiting the highest flexural resistance.The cracking load and ultimate load of UN-CS-50F were 221.5%and 40.8%,respectively,higher than those of the RC-T.Finite element(FE)models were developed to provide further insights into the behavior of the UHPCreinforced T-beams,showing a maximumdeviation of just 8%when validated against experimental data.A parametric analysis varied the height,thickness,andmaterial strength of the UHPC reinforcement layer based on the validated FE model,revealing that increasing the UHPC layer thickness from 30 to 50 mm improved the ultimate resistance by 20%while reducing the UHPC reinforcement height from 440 to 300 mm led to a 10%decrease in bending resistance.The interfacial anchoring rebars significantly reduced crack propagation and enhanced stress redistribution,highlighting the importance of strengthening interfacial bonds and optimizing geometric parameters ofUHPCfor improved T-beam performance.These findings offer valuable insights for the design and retrofitting of UHPC-reinforced bridge girders.
基金the National Key Research Program of China under granted No.92164201National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars No.62325403+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230498)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2024ZB427)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62304147).
文摘Solid-state batteries are widely recognized as the next-generation energy storage devices with high specific energy,high safety,and high environmental adaptability.However,the research and development of solid-state batteries are resource-intensive and time-consuming due to their complex chemical environment,rendering performance prediction arduous and delaying large-scale industrialization.Artificial intelligence serves as an accelerator for solid-state battery development by enabling efficient material screening and performance prediction.This review will systematically examine how the latest progress in using machine learning(ML)algorithms can be used to mine extensive material databases and accelerate the discovery of high-performance cathode,anode,and electrolyte materials suitable for solid-state batteries.Furthermore,the use of ML technology to accurately estimate and predict key performance indicators in the solid-state battery management system will be discussed,among which are state of charge,state of health,remaining useful life,and battery capacity.Finally,we will summarize the main challenges encountered in the current research,such as data quality issues and poor code portability,and propose possible solutions and development paths.These will provide clear guidance for future research and technological reiteration.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.5227130161).
文摘High-entropy materials(HEMs),an innovative class of materials with complex stoichiometry,have recently garnered consider-able attention in energy storage applications.While their multi-element compositions(five or more principal elements in nearly equiatom-ic proportions)confer unique advantages such as high configurational entropy,lattice distortion,and synergistic cocktail effects,the fun-damental understanding of structure-property relationships in battery systems remains fragmented across existing studies.This review ad-dresses critical research gaps by proposing a multidimensional design paradigm that systematically integrates synergistic mechanisms spanning cathodes,anodes,electrolytes,and electrocatalysts.We provide an in-depth analysis of HEMs’thermodynamic/kinetic stabiliza-tion principles and structure-regulated electrochemical properties,integrating and establishing quantitative correlations between entropy-driven phase stability and charge transport dynamics.By summarizing the performance benchmarking results of lithium/sodium/potassi-um-ion battery components,we reveal how entropy-mediated structural tailoring enhances cycle stability and ionic conductivity.Notably,we pioneer the systematic association of high-entropy effects to electrochemical interfaces,demonstrating their unique potential in stabil-izing solid-electrolyte interphases and suppressing transition metal dissolution.Emerging opportunities in machine learning-driven com-position screening and sustainable manufacturing are discussed alongside critical challenges,including performance variability metrics and cost-benefit analysis for industrial implementation.This work provides both fundamental insights and practical guidelines for advan-cing HEMs toward next-generation battery technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22005275).
文摘Surface engineering plays a crucial role in improving the performance of high energy materials,and polydopamine(PDA)is widely used in the field of energetic materials for surface modification and functionalization.In order to obtain high-quality HMX@PDA-based PBX explosives with high sphericity and a narrow particle size distribution,composite microspheres were prepared using co-axial droplet microfluidic technology.The formation mechanism,thermal behavior,mechanical sensitivity,electrostatic spark sensitivity,compressive strength,and combustion performance of the microspheres were investigated.The results show that PDA can effectively enhance the interfacial interaction between the explosive particles and the binder under the synergistic effect of chemical bonds and the physical"mechanical interlocking"structure.Interface reinforcement causes the thermal decomposition temperature of the sample microspheres to move to a higher temperature,with the sensitivity to impact,friction,and electrostatic sparks(for S-1)increasing by 12.5%,31.3%,and 81.5%respectively,and the compressive strength also increased by 30.7%,effectively enhancing the safety performance of the microspheres.Therefore,this study provides an effective and universal strategy for preparing high-quality functional explosives,and also provides some reference for the safe use of energetic materials in practical applications.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research and Development Plan of the China State Railway Group Company Limited(No.Q2023J012).
文摘Purpose–The brake pipe system was an essential braking component of the railway freight trains,but the existing E-type sealing rings had problems such as insufficient low-temperature resistance,poor heat stability and short service life.To address these issues,low-phenyl silicone rubber was prepared and tested,and the finite element analysis and experimental studies on the sealing performance of its sealing rings were carried out.Design/methodology/approach–The low-temperature resistance and thermal stability of the prepared lowphenyl silicone rubber were studied using low-temperature tensile testing,differential scanning calorimetry,dynamic thermomechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The sealing performance of the lowphenyl silicone rubber sealing ring was studied by using finite element analysis software abaqus and experiments.Findings–The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring possessed excellent low-temperature resistance and thermal stability.According to the finite element analysis results,the finish of the flange sealing surface and groove outer edge should be ensured,and extrusion damage should be avoided.The sealing rings were more susceptible to damage in high compression ratio and/or low-temperature environments.When the sealing effect was ensured,a small compression ratio should be selected,and rubbers with hardness and elasticity less affected by temperature should be selected.The prepared low-phenyl silicone rubber sealing ring had zero leakage at both room temperature(RT)and�508C.Originality/value–The innovation of this study is that it provides valuable data and experience for the future development of the sealing rings used in the brake pipe flange joints of the railway freight cars in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52371128,52304378,52101031 and 92163107).
文摘Grain boundary engineering plays a significant role in the improvement of strength and plasticity of alloys. However, in refractory high-entropy alloys, the susceptibility of grain boundaries to oxygen presents a bottleneck in achieving high mechanical performance. Creating a large number of clean grain boundaries in refractory high-entropy alloys is a challenge. In this study, an ultrafine-grained (UFG) NbMoTaW alloy with high grain-boundary cohesion was prepared by powder metallurgy, taking advantages of rapid hot-pressing sintering and full-process inert atmosphere protection from powder synthesis to sintering. By oxygen control and an increase in the proportion of grain boundaries, the segregation of oxygen and formation of oxides at grain boundaries were strongly mitigated, thus the intrinsic high cohesion of the interfaces was preserved. Compared to the coarse-grained alloys prepared by arc-melting and those sintered by traditional powder metallurgy methods, the UFG NbMoTaW alloy demonstrated simultaneously increased strength and plasticity at ambient temperature. The highly cohesive grain boundaries not only reduce brittle fractures effectively but also promote intragranular deformation. Consequently, the UFG NbMoTaW alloy achieved a high yield strength even at elevated temperatures, with a remarkable performance of 1117 MPa at 1200 ℃. This work provides a feasible solution for producing refractory high-entropy alloys with low impurity content, refined microstructure, and excellent mechanical performance.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30923011018)。
文摘The present study introduces a screw-pressing charging method to tackle deficiencies in automation and charge uniformity during the melt-casting of polymer-based energetic materials.To ensure the safety of the experiments,this study used inert materials with similar physical properties to partially substitute for the actual energetic components in the preparation of simulant materials.By thoroughly analyzing slurry physical properties,a simulation framework and an extensive performance evaluation method were developed.Such tools guide the design of the structure and configuration of process parameters.Results demonstrate that employing the Pin element significantly enhances radial mixing within the screw,minimizes temperature variations in the slurry,and improves both efficiency and safety in the mixing process.Further,adjustments such as widening the cone angle of the barrel,modifying the solid content of the slurry,and varying the speed of the screw can optimize the mechanical and thermal coupling in the flow field.These adjustments promote higher-quality slurry and create a safer production environment for the extrusion process.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275150)。
文摘To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method.The morphology,structure and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray energy spectroscopy(EDS),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and simultaneous thermal analyzer(TG-DSC).Additionally,the combustion process of the samples was tested using a high-speed camera.The results show that the addition of nano-Si contributes to the formation of composite explosives with regular morphology and smaller particle size.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has better and more uniform sphericity,with an average particle size of 73.4 nm,compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive which produced by the electrostatic spraying method,achieves physically uniform distribution of the components including NC,CL-20,Si.The addition of Si promotes the thermal decomposition of CL-20.In comparison to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,the activation energy of the Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive decreases by 16.78 kJ/mol,and the self-accelerated decomposition temperature and the critical temperature of thermal explosion decreases by 3.12 K and 2.61 K,respectively.Furthermore,Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has shorter ignition delay time and faster combustion rate compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,which shows that Si can improve the combustion performance of CL-20.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2017-VII-0003-0096)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52205240 and 52201140)+2 种基金the Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.YESS20200321)the Natural Science Foundation for Youths of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JC-QN-0521)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M723874).
文摘M50 steel,commonly utilized in aircraft engine bearings,is susceptible to friction-induced failures,particularly in high-temperature service conditions.To address this issue,various strategies have been proposed,with laser shock peening(LSP)garnering significant attention due to its deeper residual stress penetration and excellent surface integrity,whereas the underlying strengthening mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated.In this study,we systematically investigate the impact of LSP treatment on the tribological properties of M50 steel at temperatures of 25 and 300℃,alongside elucidating the relevant micro-mechanisms.Microstructural analysis reveals that laser impact strengthening primarily arises from dislocation proliferation,resulting in a surface hardness increase of approximately 14%and the formation of a substantial compressive stress layer reaching a maximum value of about 1200 MPa,with a depth of around 2 mm.Friction test results demonstrate reduced coefficients of friction and wear rates following LSP treatment at both temperatures.Notably,a more pronounced reduction is observed at 300℃,with values decreasing by 41.4%and 55.8%,respectively.The enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic interplay of compressive residual stresses,work-hardening layers,increased density of dislocations,and substantial microstructure refinement.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021J011062)Minjiang Scholars Funding(GY-633Z21067).
文摘This study investigates the bond performance at the interfacial region shared by Ultra-High Performance Concrete(UHPC)and steel tubes through push-out tests.This study examines how changes in steel fiber volumetric ratio and thickness of steel tube influence the bond strength characteristics.The results show that as the enhancement of the steel tube wall thickness,the ultimate bond strength at the interface improves significantly,whereas the initial bond strength exhibits only slight variations.The influence of steel fiber volumetric ratio presents a nonlinear trend,with initial bond strength decreasing at low fiber content and increasing significantly as fiber content rises.Additionally,finite element(FE)simulations were applied to replicate the experimental conditions,and the outcomes showed strong correlation with the experimental data,confirming the exactitude of the FE model in predicting the bond behavior at the UHPC-Steel interface.These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the design of UHPC-Filled steel tubes in high-performance structure.
文摘Transition metal sulfides are considered promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their high theoretical capacity and low synthesis cost.However,is-sues such as poor cyclic stability and rate performance,arising from volume expansion and structural degradation,remain sig-nificant challenges.We report a novel FeS_(2)/CoS_(2) heterostruc-ture embedded in a 3D carbon aerogel matrix(FeS_(2)/CoS_(2)@C)synthesized by a cross-linking and vulcanization process.The resulting core-shell structure,with bimetallic FeS_(2)/CoS_(2) nano-particles encapsulated in a conductive carbon shell,effectively reduces the adverse effects of volume changes during sodiation/desodiation cycles.The 3D porous carbon network increases both ion and electron diffusion,while preventing agglomeration of the active material and maintaining interface integrity.The FeS_(2)/CoS_(2)@C composite has an outstanding electrochemical performance,including a high specific capacity of 725 mAh g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1)and an exceptional rate capability of 572 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1).It also has remarkable cycling stability with no signific-ant capacity decay over 1000 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).
