The formation mechanism of an EFP(explosively formed projectile)using a double curvature liner under the overpressure effect generated by a regular oblique reflection was investigated in this paper.Based on the detona...The formation mechanism of an EFP(explosively formed projectile)using a double curvature liner under the overpressure effect generated by a regular oblique reflection was investigated in this paper.Based on the detonation wave propagation theory,the change of the incident angle of the detonation wave collision at different positions and the distribution area of the overpressure on the surface of the liner were calculated.Three dimensional numerical simulations of the formation process of the EFP with tail.as well as the ability to penetrate 45#steel were performed using LS-DYNA software,and the EFP ve locity,the penetration ability,and the forming were assessed via experiments and x_ray photographs.The experimental results coincides with those of the simulations.Results indicate that the collision of the detonation wave was controlled to be a regular oblique reflection acting on the liner by setting the di-mensions of the unit charge and maintai ning the pressure at the collision point region at more than 2.4 times the CJ detonation when the incident angle approached the cnitical angle.The distance from the liner midline to the boundary of the area within which the pressure ratio of the regular oblique reflection pressure to the qJ detonation pressure was greater than 2.5,2,and 15was approximately 0.66 mm,132 mm,and 3.3 mm,respectively.Itis noted that pressure gradient caused the liner to turn inside out in the middle to form the head of the EFP and close the two tails of the EFP at approximately 120μs.The penetration depth of the EFP into a 45#steel target exceeded 30 mm,and there was radial expansion between the head and tail of the EFP,increasing the penetration resistance of the EFP.Therefore,the structural size of the unit charge and the liner can be further optimized to reduce resist ance to increase the penetration ability of the EFP.展开更多
Iridium(Ⅲ)complexes are alternative bioimaging probes due to their tunable photophysical properties,but are limited by poor cell penetrability and high cytotoxicity.Recently,iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates have rec...Iridium(Ⅲ)complexes are alternative bioimaging probes due to their tunable photophysical properties,but are limited by poor cell penetrability and high cytotoxicity.Recently,iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates have received significant attention as bifunctional molecules in bioanalytical and biomedical fields.Conjugation to peptides endows iridium(Ⅲ)complexes with specificity,potentially overcoming the side effects and drug resistance of metallodrugs,whilst enhancing cellular uptake due to the improved cell penetrability,low cytotoxicity and targetability of peptides.In this review,we briefly introduce the interactions between iridium(Ⅲ)complexes and amino acids/peptides,including coordination to amino acids and detection and/or inhibition of peptides.We describe imaging applications of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates,involving direct coordination of functional peptides or ligand modification,for targeted imaging.Next,we present therapeutic and theranostic applications of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates through targeting of DNA and proteins.Finally,we outline the challenges and future opportunities in the development of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates for precision medicine.展开更多
基金The work presented in this paper has been supported by the science foundation(YT20-01-02)of Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology and the National Science Foundation of China under NO.11802141.
文摘The formation mechanism of an EFP(explosively formed projectile)using a double curvature liner under the overpressure effect generated by a regular oblique reflection was investigated in this paper.Based on the detonation wave propagation theory,the change of the incident angle of the detonation wave collision at different positions and the distribution area of the overpressure on the surface of the liner were calculated.Three dimensional numerical simulations of the formation process of the EFP with tail.as well as the ability to penetrate 45#steel were performed using LS-DYNA software,and the EFP ve locity,the penetration ability,and the forming were assessed via experiments and x_ray photographs.The experimental results coincides with those of the simulations.Results indicate that the collision of the detonation wave was controlled to be a regular oblique reflection acting on the liner by setting the di-mensions of the unit charge and maintai ning the pressure at the collision point region at more than 2.4 times the CJ detonation when the incident angle approached the cnitical angle.The distance from the liner midline to the boundary of the area within which the pressure ratio of the regular oblique reflection pressure to the qJ detonation pressure was greater than 2.5,2,and 15was approximately 0.66 mm,132 mm,and 3.3 mm,respectively.Itis noted that pressure gradient caused the liner to turn inside out in the middle to form the head of the EFP and close the two tails of the EFP at approximately 120μs.The penetration depth of the EFP into a 45#steel target exceeded 30 mm,and there was radial expansion between the head and tail of the EFP,increasing the penetration resistance of the EFP.Therefore,the structural size of the unit charge and the liner can be further optimized to reduce resist ance to increase the penetration ability of the EFP.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22101230)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(D5000230060)+7 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2024SF-YBXM-181,2024SF-YBXM-418)Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1451200)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(cstc2021jcyj-msxm2073)the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(22JHQ082)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515110840,2023A1515011871)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR,China(File no.005/2023/SKL,0020/2022/A1,0045/2023/AMJ,0032/2023/RIB2)the University of Macao,Macao SAR,China(File no.MYRG2020-00017-ICMS,MYRG2022-00137-ICMS,MYRG-GRG2023-00194-ICMS-UMDF)the State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine,the University of Macao,Macao SAR,China(File no.SKL-QRCM-IRG2023-025).
文摘Iridium(Ⅲ)complexes are alternative bioimaging probes due to their tunable photophysical properties,but are limited by poor cell penetrability and high cytotoxicity.Recently,iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates have received significant attention as bifunctional molecules in bioanalytical and biomedical fields.Conjugation to peptides endows iridium(Ⅲ)complexes with specificity,potentially overcoming the side effects and drug resistance of metallodrugs,whilst enhancing cellular uptake due to the improved cell penetrability,low cytotoxicity and targetability of peptides.In this review,we briefly introduce the interactions between iridium(Ⅲ)complexes and amino acids/peptides,including coordination to amino acids and detection and/or inhibition of peptides.We describe imaging applications of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates,involving direct coordination of functional peptides or ligand modification,for targeted imaging.Next,we present therapeutic and theranostic applications of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates through targeting of DNA and proteins.Finally,we outline the challenges and future opportunities in the development of iridium(Ⅲ)-peptide bioconjugates for precision medicine.
