The pathophysiological characteristics of Phlegm-stasis Cementation Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease(CHD) has been summarized in this article. According to epidemiological investigations, phlegm-stasis cementation s...The pathophysiological characteristics of Phlegm-stasis Cementation Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease(CHD) has been summarized in this article. According to epidemiological investigations, phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome has become a dominant syndrome in CHD along with the improvement in living and dietary condition. The interaction between blood stasis and phlegm turbidity that is called Phlegmstasis Cementation Syndrome exists in CHD and other diseases. The bridge linked blood stasis and phlegm turbidity lies in the adversely effects of lipid metabolism disorder on platelet activation, vascular function and hemorheology indexes. Lipid metabolism disorder also can induce persistent inflammation including monocyte/macrophage activation and oxidative stress. Inflammation also is an important stimulating factor for atherosclerosis and the biology that underlies the complications of CHD,which belonged to the concept of "toxin" in Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM). On the other hand, the important function of inflammatory process on abnormal hemorheology,platelet activation and vascular dysfunction can be used to elucidate the basic pathogenetic condition of the toxin inducing blood stasis in TCM. Therefore, it is this pathological process that can be used to address the basic pathogenetic theory of phlegm turbidity inducing the symptom of toxin and blood stasis, and subsequently phlegm-stasis cementation in TCM. We deduced that lipid metabolic disturbance,inflammation activation, vascular dyfunction and hemorheological disorders could be as pathophysiological characteristics of Phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome.展开更多
Targeting drug delivery systems mediated by nanoparticles has shown great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.However,influences of different tumor progressions on the accumulation of nanoparticles,espe...Targeting drug delivery systems mediated by nanoparticles has shown great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.However,influences of different tumor progressions on the accumulation of nanoparticles,especially the ligand-modified active targeting nanoparticles are seldom exploited.In this work,the accumulation and penetration of RGD-modified gold nanoparticles(active AuNPs)with different sizes were investigated in orthotopic breast cancer with different tumor progressions.The results showed that the smallest active AuNPs had better accumulation and permeation effects in early tumor tissues with the relatively looser extracellular matrix,larger gaps,lower interstitial fluid pressure,and less receptor expression,which was due to size effects.However,the larger active AuNPs had better accumulation and penetration effects in late tumor tissues with highly expressed target receptors integrinαvβ3 because of the multivalent interactions between larger active nanoparticles and integrinαvβ3.In the midterm,tumor accumulation of active AuNPs was equally influenced by size effects and multivalent interactions.Therefore,RGD-modified nanoparticles with sizes of 7 and 90 nm accumulated more in tumors.This study will guide a rational design of active targeting nanoparticles for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of tumors based on their progressions.展开更多
基金supported by a National 973 Project(No.2015CB554405)
文摘The pathophysiological characteristics of Phlegm-stasis Cementation Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease(CHD) has been summarized in this article. According to epidemiological investigations, phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome has become a dominant syndrome in CHD along with the improvement in living and dietary condition. The interaction between blood stasis and phlegm turbidity that is called Phlegmstasis Cementation Syndrome exists in CHD and other diseases. The bridge linked blood stasis and phlegm turbidity lies in the adversely effects of lipid metabolism disorder on platelet activation, vascular function and hemorheology indexes. Lipid metabolism disorder also can induce persistent inflammation including monocyte/macrophage activation and oxidative stress. Inflammation also is an important stimulating factor for atherosclerosis and the biology that underlies the complications of CHD,which belonged to the concept of "toxin" in Traditional Chinese medicines(TCM). On the other hand, the important function of inflammatory process on abnormal hemorheology,platelet activation and vascular dysfunction can be used to elucidate the basic pathogenetic condition of the toxin inducing blood stasis in TCM. Therefore, it is this pathological process that can be used to address the basic pathogenetic theory of phlegm turbidity inducing the symptom of toxin and blood stasis, and subsequently phlegm-stasis cementation in TCM. We deduced that lipid metabolic disturbance,inflammation activation, vascular dyfunction and hemorheological disorders could be as pathophysiological characteristics of Phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Plan Laboratory Animal Research Project of Shanghai(23141900400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172746 and 82473342)International Cooperation Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Plan(24410741500).
文摘Targeting drug delivery systems mediated by nanoparticles has shown great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.However,influences of different tumor progressions on the accumulation of nanoparticles,especially the ligand-modified active targeting nanoparticles are seldom exploited.In this work,the accumulation and penetration of RGD-modified gold nanoparticles(active AuNPs)with different sizes were investigated in orthotopic breast cancer with different tumor progressions.The results showed that the smallest active AuNPs had better accumulation and permeation effects in early tumor tissues with the relatively looser extracellular matrix,larger gaps,lower interstitial fluid pressure,and less receptor expression,which was due to size effects.However,the larger active AuNPs had better accumulation and penetration effects in late tumor tissues with highly expressed target receptors integrinαvβ3 because of the multivalent interactions between larger active nanoparticles and integrinαvβ3.In the midterm,tumor accumulation of active AuNPs was equally influenced by size effects and multivalent interactions.Therefore,RGD-modified nanoparticles with sizes of 7 and 90 nm accumulated more in tumors.This study will guide a rational design of active targeting nanoparticles for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment of tumors based on their progressions.
